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2. Evaluating change within the krill-based food web and developing solutions for the future sampling of krill: Report of the online SCAR Krill Action Group (SKAG) workshop, 26-30 April 2021

Author

Atkinson, A., Meyer, B., Kawaguchi, S., Hill, S., Arata, J. A., Driscoll, R., Conroy, J. A., Perry, F. A., Reid, K., Kent, R., and Coch, C.

Abstract

The SCAR Krill Action Group (SKAG) provides a conduit for science to feed into the management of the Antarctic krill fishery, as well a more general forum to promote collaboration, help early career researchers, improve understanding of krill biology and ecology, and facilitate information exchange. From 26-30 April 2021 SKAG held a workshop, as a series of five zoom meetings, each of 2 hours, to help achieve these goals. The workshop was hosted and financed by WWF and was attended by around 100 participants each day from 19 countries. The workshop comprised 16 science talks summarising the current state-of-the-art of both traditional and emerging methods to sample and analyse krill, focusing on their ability to observe spatio-temporal change within the krill-based food web. This workshop report summarises the initial findings of the workshop; shares the talk abstracts; results of zoom-polling questionnaires including the early career researcher component; and shows results of the exercises. In summary, this online workshop included sufficient participation to represent the weight of expert opinion of the current krill research community. The talks were multi-authored, also providing the required breadth of perspective - our feedback was that this was particularly welcomed among the ECR community. The numbers attending also provided sufficient sample size for zoom polling; this showed a strong appetite for change in how science was linked to krill fishery management. Change was thought to be best achieved through both the provision of data and improved communication with management, underscoring the relevance of SKAG. Understanding the controls on krill recruitment emerged consistently as a clear priority research topic, with identification of spawning hotspots also a priority in the context of management and conservation over shorter timescales. We had sufficient response (33 replies) for the exercises aimed at a) evaluating longer-term change in krill populations and b) mapping the suitability of old and new sampling methods onto research questions. We are still collating a large response on the former, and this will form one of the sections for the paper that will emerge from this workshop. The second, method mapping, exercise showed consensus that newer methods were particularly valuable to detect change and observe krill behaviour at smaller scales of space and time, but that “traditional” nets and acoustics from research vessels remain hard to replace for longer term-issues such as recruitment variability. This throws down challenges for future krill sampling, through a combination of multiple, complementary and emerging approaches. In addition to the new and emerging approaches described in this workshop, a combined approach to Euphausia superba dynamics will involve data provided by predators, the fishery itself, the fishery as a scientific platform, alongside the continuation of traditional approaches. &nbsp

Published
2021
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3. Evaluating change in the krill-based food web and developing solutions for the future sampling of krill

Author

Atkinson, A., Meyer, B., Kawaguchi, S., Hill, S., Arata, J., Driscoll, R., Conroy, J., Perry, F., Reid, K., Kent, R., Coch, C., Atkinson, A., Meyer, B., Kawaguchi, S., Hill, S., Arata, J., Driscoll, R., Conroy, J., Perry, F., Reid, K., Kent, R., and Coch, C.

Abstract

The SCAR Krill Action Group (SKAG) provides a conduit for science to feed into the management of the Antarctic krill fishery, as well a more general forum to promote collaboration, help early career researchers, improve understanding of krill biology and ecology, and facilitate information exchange. From 26-30 April 2021 SKAG held a workshop, as a series of five zoom meetings, each of 2 hours, to help achieve these goals. The workshop was hosted and financed by WWF and was attended by around 100 participants each day from 19 countries. The workshop comprised 16 science talks summarising the current state-of-the-art of both traditional and emerging methods to sample and analyse krill, focusing on their ability to observe spatio-temporal change within the krill-based food web. This workshop report summarises the initial findings of the workshop; shares the talk abstracts; results of zoom-polling questionnaires including the early career researcher component; and shows results of the exercises. In summary, this online workshop included sufficient participation to represent the weight of expert opinion of the current krill research community. The talks were multi-authored, also providing the required breadth of perspective - our feedback was that this was particularly welcomed among the ECR community. The numbers attending also provided sufficient sample size for zoom polling; this showed a strong appetite for change in how science was linked to krill fishery management. Change was thought to be best achieved through both the provision of data and improved communication with management, underscoring the relevance of SKAG. Understanding the controls on krill recruitment emerged consistently as a clear priority research topic, with identification of spawning hotspots also a priority in the context of management and conservation over shorter timescales. We had sufficient response (33 replies) for the exercises aimed at a) evaluating longer-term change in krill populations

Published
2021

4. Standing stock of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana, 1850) (Euphausiacea) in the Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, 2018–19

Author

Krafft, B.A., Macaulay, G.J., Skaret, G., Knutsen, T., Bergstad, O.A., Lowther, A., Huse, G., Fielding, S., Trathan, P., Murphy, E., Choi, S-G., Chung, S., Han, I., Lee, K., Zhao, X., Wang, X., Ying, Y., Yu, X., Demianenko, K., Podhornyi, V., Vishnyakova, K., Pshenichnov, L., Chuklin, A., Shyshman, H., Cox, M.J., Reid, K., Watters, G.M., Reiss, C.S., Hinke, J.T., Arata, J., Godø, O.R., Hoem, N., Krafft, B.A., Macaulay, G.J., Skaret, G., Knutsen, T., Bergstad, O.A., Lowther, A., Huse, G., Fielding, S., Trathan, P., Murphy, E., Choi, S-G., Chung, S., Han, I., Lee, K., Zhao, X., Wang, X., Ying, Y., Yu, X., Demianenko, K., Podhornyi, V., Vishnyakova, K., Pshenichnov, L., Chuklin, A., Shyshman, H., Cox, M.J., Reid, K., Watters, G.M., Reiss, C.S., Hinke, J.T., Arata, J., Godø, O.R., and Hoem, N.

Abstract

Estimates of the distribution and density of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana, 1850) were derived from a large-scale survey conducted during the austral summer in the Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and across the Scotia Sea in 2018–19, the ‘2018–19 Area 48 Survey’. Survey vessels were provided by Norway, the Association of Responsible Krill harvesting companies and Aker BioMarine AS, the United Kingdom, Ukraine, Republic of Korea, and China. Survey design followed the transects of the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources synoptic survey, carried out in 2000 and from regular national surveys performed in the South Atlantic sector by the U.S., China, Republic of Korea, Norway, and the U.K. The 2018–19 Area 48 Survey represents only the second large-scale survey performed in the area and this joint effort resulted in the largest ever total transect line (19,500 km) coverage carried out as one single exercise in the Southern Ocean. We delineated and integrated acoustic backscatter arising from krill swarms to produce distribution maps of krill areal biomass density and standing stock (biomass) estimates. Krill standing stock for the Area 48 was estimated to be 62.6 megatonnes (mean density of 30 g m–2 over 2 million km2) with a sampling coefficient variation of 13%. The highest mean krill densities were found in the South Orkney Islands stratum (93.2 g m–2) and the lowest in the South Georgia Island stratum (6.4 g m–2). The krill densities across the strata compared to those found during the previous survey indicate some regional differences in distribution and biomass. It is currently not possible to assign any such differences or lack of differences between the two survey datasets to longer term trends in the environment, krill stocks or fishing pressure.

Published
2021

7. Mosquito Repellency of Polyester Nets Treated with Cyclodextrin/Repellent Complexes

Author

Miró Specos, María M., Topollan, D. Y., Arata, J., Zannoni, V., Volmajer Valh, J., García, Juan José, Gutiérrez, Alejandra Concepción, Voncina, B., and Hermida, L. G.

Subjects
animal structures, Bioproductos, Biomateriales, Bioplásticos, Biocombustibles, Bioderivados, etc, purl.org/becyt/ford/2.9 [https], fungi, Polyester, β-Cyclodextrin, Mosquito repellency, INGENIERÍAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS, Biotecnología Industrial, Β-cyclodextrin, purl.org/becyt/ford/2 [https], Mosquito Repellency, parasitic diseases, Ciencias Naturales, Citriodiol
Abstract

Fabric treatments with β-Cyclodextrins (β-CD) have been studied for different applications as nanotechnologycal approaches to achieve functional textiles. In particular, repellents and insecticides have been incorporated in β-CD treated textiles to prolong their release. In this case, Citriodiol®, a naturally derived mosquito repellent, was incorporated to β-CD treated polyester (PET) nets. Two methods for citriodiol inclusion were studied; i) pipette dripping or ii) impregnation of fabric in a plastic bag, in order to increase the repellent activity of PET textile substrates. Release profiles were analyzed by gas chromatography and repellency was monitored by in vivo assays with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Long lasting and reloadable mosquito repellent nets could be achieved by treating PET knits with citriodiol/β-CD complexes., Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores

Published
2018

20. Mosquito repellency of polyester nets treated with cyclodextrin/pepellent complexes

Author

Miró Specos, M. M., Topollan, D. Y., Arata, J., Zannoni, V., Volmajer Valh, J., Garcia, J., Gutierrez, A. C., Voncina, B., and Hermida, L. G.

Subjects
Fibras poliéster, Mosquitos, Repelentes, Poliéster
Abstract

Fil: Miró Specos, M. M. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Textiles; Argentina Fil: Topollan, D. Y. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Textiles; Argentina Fil: Arata, J. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Química; Argentina Fil: Zannoni, V. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Química; Argentina Fil: Volmajer Valh, J. Universidad de Maribor; Eslovenia Fil: Garcia, J. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP); Argentina Fil: Gutierrez, A. C. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP); Argentina Fil: Voncina, B. . Universidad de Maribor; Eslovenia Fil: Hermida, L. G. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Química; Argentina

Published
2018

26. Telesurgery experiment between Japan and Thailand

Author

Mitsuishi, M., Hashizume, M., Navicharern, P., Fujino, Yuichi, Onda, K., Yasunaka, S., Sugita, N., Arata, J., Fujimoto, H., Tanimoto, K., Tanoue, K., Ieiri, S., Konishi, K., and Ueda, Y.

Abstract

九州大学医学部とタイ国チュラロンコン大学医学部を結び、遠隔内視鏡手術の実証実験を実施し、ブロードバンドネットワークによる遠隔医療の効果が示された。筆者は、ネットワーク、映像系システム、蓄積システムの設計、構築に寄与した。

Published
2009

29. Albatrosses

Author

Arata, J., Croxall, John, Huin, N., Nicholls, David, Phillips, Richard, Quintana, Flavio Roberto, Robertson, C. J. R, Robertson, Graham, Trathan, P, Falabella, Valeria, Falabella, Valeria, Campagna, Claudio, and Croxall, John

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], MAR PATAGÓNICO, ESPECIES, ALBATROS, ESPACIOS, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https]
Abstract

El Mar Patagónico es utilizado regularmente por 5 especies de albatros y visitado con menos frecuencia por otras 5 especies. El albatros ceja negra (Thalassarche melanophrys) es el único que se reproduce en el área, mientras que otras especies como el albatros errante (Diomedea exulans), el albatros cabeza gris (Thalassarche chrysostoma) y el albatros manto claro (Phoebetria palpebrata) nidifican en sitios adyacentes (Islas Georgias del Sur y sur de Chile). El albatros real del norte (Diomedea sanfordi) migra desde Nueva Zelanda para alimentarse en las ricas aguas del Mar Patagónico. El albatros ceja negra es la especie del grupo que mayor biomasa aporta, con aproximadamente 382.000 parejas reproductivas en las Islas Malvinas y 122.000 en islas del sur de Chile.(Thalassarche melanophrys) es el único que se reproduce en el área, mientras que otras especies como el albatros errante (Diomedea exulans), el albatros cabeza gris (Thalassarche chrysostoma) y el albatros manto claro (Phoebetria palpebrata) nidifican en sitios adyacentes (Islas Georgias del Sur y sur de Chile). El albatros real del norte (Diomedea sanfordi) migra desde Nueva Zelanda para alimentarse en las ricas aguas del Mar Patagónico. El albatros ceja negra es la especie del grupo que mayor biomasa aporta, con aproximadamente 382.000 parejas reproductivas en las Islas Malvinas y 122.000 en islas del sur de Chile.(Diomedea exulans), el albatros cabeza gris (Thalassarche chrysostoma) y el albatros manto claro (Phoebetria palpebrata) nidifican en sitios adyacentes (Islas Georgias del Sur y sur de Chile). El albatros real del norte (Diomedea sanfordi) migra desde Nueva Zelanda para alimentarse en las ricas aguas del Mar Patagónico. El albatros ceja negra es la especie del grupo que mayor biomasa aporta, con aproximadamente 382.000 parejas reproductivas en las Islas Malvinas y 122.000 en islas del sur de Chile.(Thalassarche chrysostoma) y el albatros manto claro (Phoebetria palpebrata) nidifican en sitios adyacentes (Islas Georgias del Sur y sur de Chile). El albatros real del norte (Diomedea sanfordi) migra desde Nueva Zelanda para alimentarse en las ricas aguas del Mar Patagónico. El albatros ceja negra es la especie del grupo que mayor biomasa aporta, con aproximadamente 382.000 parejas reproductivas en las Islas Malvinas y 122.000 en islas del sur de Chile.(Diomedea sanfordi) migra desde Nueva Zelanda para alimentarse en las ricas aguas del Mar Patagónico. El albatros ceja negra es la especie del grupo que mayor biomasa aporta, con aproximadamente 382.000 parejas reproductivas en las Islas Malvinas y 122.000 en islas del sur de Chile. Fil: Arata, J.. Instituto Antártico Chileno; Chile Fil: Croxall, John. BirdLife International; Rusia Fil: Huin, N.. BirdLife International; Rusia Fil: Nicholls, David. Chisholm Institute; Australia Fil: Phillips, Richard. British Antarctic Survey; Rusia Fil: Quintana, Flavio Roberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina. Wildlife Conservation Society; Estados Unidos Fil: Robertson, C. J. R. Department of Conservation; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Robertson, Graham. Australian Antarctic Division; Australia Fil: Trathan, P. British Antarctic Survey; Rusia Fil: Falabella, Valeria. Wildlife Conservation Society; Estados Unidos

Published
2009

30. A surgical task evaluation study on tele-surgery

Author

Arata, J., Takahashi, H., Yasunaka, S., Onda, K., Tanaka, K., Sugita, N., Tanoue, K., Konishi, K., Ieiri, S., Fujino, Yuichi, Ueda, Y., Fujimoto, H., Mitsuishi, M., and Hashizume, M.

Abstract

九州大学医学部とタイ国チュラロンコン大学医学部を結び、遠隔内視鏡手術の実証実験を実施し、ブロードバンドネットワークによる遠隔医療の効果が示された本論文は実際にロボットを使用する医師に対し複数のタスクを指示し、遠隔地からの操作とローカルでの操作の違いを明らかにした。筆者は、ネットワーク、映像系システム、蓄積システムの設計、構築に寄与した。

Published
2008

31. Tele-surgery experiment between Japan-Thailand using high-speed Internet

Author

Arata, J., Takahashi, H., Pitakwatchara, P., Warisawa, S., Tanoue, K., Konishi, K., Ieiri, S., Shimizu, S., Nakashima, N., Okamura, K., Fujino, Yuichi, Ueda, Y., Chotiwan, P., Mitsuishi, M., and Hashizume, M.

Abstract

九州大学医学部とタイ国チュラロンコン大学医学部を結び、遠隔内視鏡手術の実証実験を実施し、ブロードバンドネットワークによる遠隔医療の効果が示された。筆者は、ネットワーク、映像系システム、蓄積システムの設計、構築に寄与した。

Published
2007

32. Simulating Underbelly Blast Events using Abaqus/Explicit - CEL

Author

DASSAULT SYSTEMES SIMULIA CORP PROVIDENCE RI, Jablonski, J, Carlucci, P, Thyagarajan, R, Nandi, B, Arata, J, DASSAULT SYSTEMES SIMULIA CORP PROVIDENCE RI, Jablonski, J, Carlucci, P, Thyagarajan, R, Nandi, B, and Arata, J

Abstract

Accurate modeling and simulation of the effects of near-field blast events on vehicles and personnel is of interest to the Department of Defense. Applications include minimizing casualties and improving vehicle survivability from attacks using improvised explosive devices. The coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) capability in Abaqus/Explicit was used to replicate experimental tests in which the structural response of varying metal panels subjected to the detonation of a buried charge was characterized. A Lagrangian representation was used for the test structure and panel and an Eulerian representation was used for the soil, explosive, and ambient air. The detonation of the charge was approximated using programmed burned techniques and its detonation products were modeled with the Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state. A simplified hybrid elastic-plastic material model for geologic materials developed by the U.S. Army - ERDC was implemented as a VUMAT and used to describe the soil. The simulations agree favorably with the test results and produce higher fidelity solutions than traditional analytical or empirical blast models. It is shown that Abaqus/Explicit can be used to accurately predict the response of a structure subjected to a near-field blast event with specific application to underbelly blast events on vehicles., Presented at the 2012 SIMULIA Customer Conference.

Published
2013

35. Distribution of cephalopods recorded in the diet of the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) around South Georgia

Author

Xavier, J.C., Rodhouse, P.G., Purves, M.G., Daw, T.M., Arata, J., Pilling, G.M., Xavier, J.C., Rodhouse, P.G., Purves, M.G., Daw, T.M., Arata, J., and Pilling, G.M.

Abstract

The cephalopod component of the diet of Patagonian toothfish, Dissostichus eleginoides, around South Georgia was analysed from stomach contents collected between March and May 2000. Cephalopods occurred in 7% of D. eleginoides stomachs. A total of 363 cephalopod beaks were found, comprising 16 cephalopod species, of which 15 had not been previously recorded in the diet. Octopodid A (probably Pareledone turqueti) was the most important cephalopod species by number of lower beaks (36 beaks; 20.2% of the lower beaks) and Kondakovia longimana was the most important in terms of estimated mass (76% of the cephalopod component). When the cephalopod component of D. eleginoides was compared with other predators between March and May 2000, D. eleginoides fed more on octopods (25% of the lower beaks) than black-browed and grey-headed albatrosses (<1% of the lower beaks). The low frequency of the squid Martialia hyadesi in the diet of D. eleginoides around South Georgia was also noticed in the diet of albatrosses, and suggests that M. hyadesi was not present in these waters in 2000 (probably due to migratory movements or reproduction failure), despite being a candidate for commercial exploitation. The presence of the squid Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni in the diet of D. eleginoides and being caught by a longline hook whilst presumably feeding on D. eleginoides, may indicate that juveniles of Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni are prey of D. eleginoides adults, and when Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni reach a large size as adults, they become the predator.

Published
2002

36. Distribution of cephalopods recorded in the diet of the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) around South Georgia

Author

Xavier, J. C., Rodhouse, P. G., Purves, M. G., Daw, T. M., Arata, J., Pilling, G. M., Xavier, J. C., Rodhouse, P. G., Purves, M. G., Daw, T. M., Arata, J., and Pilling, G. M.

Abstract

The cephalopod component of the diet of Patagonian toothfish, Dissostichus eleginoides, around South Georgia was analysed from stomach contents collected between March and May 2000. Cephalopods occurred in 7% of D. eleginoides stomachs. A total of 363 cephalopod beaks were found, comprising 16 cephalopod species, of which 15 had not been previously recorded in the diet. Octopodid A (probably Pareledone turqueti) was the most important cephalopod species by number of lower beaks (36 beaks; 20.2% of the lower beaks) and Kondakovia longimana was the most important in terms of estimated mass (76% of the cephalopod component). When the cephalopod component of D. eleginoides was compared with other predators between March and May 2000, D. eleginoides fed more on octopods (25% of the lower beaks) than black-browed and grey-headed albatrosses (<1% of the lower beaks). The low frequency of the squid Martialia hyadesi in the diet of D. eleginoides around South Georgia was also noticed in the diet of albatrosses, and suggests that M. hyadesi was not present in these waters in 2000 (probably due to migratory movements or reproduction failure), despite being a candidate for commercial exploitation. The presence of the squid Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni in the diet of D. eleginoides and being caught by a longline hook whilst presumably feeding on D. eleginoides, may indicate that juveniles of Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni are prey of D. eleginoides adults, and when Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni reach a large size as adults, they become the predator.

Published
2002
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