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The antioxidant lotion containing 1% mangiferin, which was previously isolated from leaves of mango variety Nam Doc Mai (purity 93.15%, HPTLC analysis), was prepared. The lotion was an o/w type of emulsion with slightly yellow and coconut scent. The viscosity and pH of the lotion were 19,809 centipoise and 5.94, respectively. Stability studies were performed at room temperature (25±5 °C) with 70±10%RH and at high temperature (45±2 °C) with 75%RH. The amount of mangiferin in the lotion was investigated at various time intervals by HPTLC. The results showed that mangiferin in the lotion remained 80.30±1.87%LA after storage for 3 months at room temperature. While it remained less than 80%LA after storage for 2 weeks at high temperature and only 38.51±0.35%LA remained after 3 months of storage. An unknown degradant was detected at the Rf value of 0.24. It was produced increasingly when storage peroid taken longer, especially at the high temperature. UV spectra of the degradant and mangiferin suggested the similarity of their chemical structures. Antioxidant activity of the lotion was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging method. Interestingly, the activity has not decreased at both temperatures during storage times even if mangiferin degraded. It was possible that the degradant could scavenge DPPH redical and chemical structure of the degradant might be xanthone.

Wolffia globosa is a small plant found in the lagoons in tropical zones. The aim of our study was to examine the biological compounds found in W. globosa and their activities. The substances in W. globosa were extracted, isolated, and their chemical structures ascertained by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The extract was tested for bioactivity, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities. The results showed that the isolated compounds in fraction two were mainly β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. The sterols found in the extract were able to inhibit nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, which implied an anti-inflammatory activity. The extract was found to be non-toxic to human dermal fibroblast cells with an IC50 of 106.38 ± 37.0 µg/mL.

A recent study showed that Gynura pseudochina DC. var. hispida Thv. leaf extract (GP) can reduce the activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway and suppress the release of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor -α, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Twenty-five patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis completed a 4-week trial. Twice daily, they applied the GP ointment on psoriatic lesions on one side of the body, and they applied 0.1% triamcinolone (TA) cream on the other side. The Targeted Area Score (TAS), Psoriasis Severity Index (PSI) scores, and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) scores were assessed at baseline and at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. Pre- and post-treatment skin samples were taken. Phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, Ki-67, and epidermal thickness were analyzed through immunohistochemistry.The TAS for erythema, scaling, and induration and PSI scores decreased on both treated sides. A statistically significant difference was observed beginning at the first week of treatment. The GP ointment significantly decreased scaling scores. However, no significant differences were observed between the TAS for erythema and induration or the PSI and PGA scores. Immunohistochemical staining revealed diminution of phosphorylated NF-κB p65, Ki-67, and epidermal thickness in the lesions treated with the GP ointment. The ointment was well tolerated, with minimal side effects. No laboratory abnormalities were detected.The GP ointment demonstrated efficacy similar to that of 0.1% TA cream for mild to moderate chronic plaque psoriasis. In addition, its short-term side effects were minimal.

A new plant species, Barringtonia maunwongyathiae. W. Chuakul (Lecythidaceae), was recently discovered in Khuan Thon Forest, Ao Luek District, Krabi Province, Thailand. Chemical investigation of th...

Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 6, 3, 122-129

Bioassay directed-fractionation led to isolation of 12 compounds from the roots of Bursera tonkinensis Guillaum (Burseraceae), including burselignan, bursephenylpropane, and burseneolignan. Of the 12 compounds, only 4'-demethyldesoxypodophyllotoxin exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against KB, Col2 and LNCaP cell lines.