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144 results on '"Arakawa C"'

1. Branching mechanism of intergranular crack propagation in three dimensions

Author

Itakura, M., Kaburaki, H., and Arakawa, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We investigate the process of slow intergranular crack propagation by the finite element method model, and show that branching is induced by partial arresting of crack front owing to the geometrical randomness of grain boundaries. A possible scenario for branching instability of crack propagation in disordered continuum medium is also discussed., Comment: 4 pages, submitted to Phys.Rev.E; v2:corrected typos v3: final version to be published

Published
2005
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7. Combination of KAATSU training® and BCAA intake for a patient after aortic valve replacement surgery

Author

Azusa Uematsu, Tatsuya Sawaguchi, Hironaga Ogawa, Satoshi Katayanagi, Suomi Yamaguchi, Yuta Mizushima, Ooshima A, Shigeru Toyoda, Akiko Haruyama, Hiroshi Yagi, Ishizaka Y, Takafumi Nakajima, Yasunori Sato, Hirotsugu Fukuda, Ikuko Shibasaki, Teruo Inoue, Kazuhisa Matsumoto, Tomohiro Yasuda, Arakawa C, Naohiro Nozawa, and Reiko Takahashi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Kaatsu, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, Surgery, Muscle hypertrophy, Cardiac surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Aortic valve replacement, medicine, Muscle strength, business
Published
2018

12. Heat‐killed Lactobacillus brevis KB290 attenuates visceral fat accumulation induced by high‐fat diet in mice.

Author

Watanabe, J., Hashimoto, N., Yin, T., Sandagdorj, B., Arakawa, C., Inoue, T., and Suzuki, S.

Subjects
LACTOBACILLUS brevis, HIGH-fat diet, ADRENERGIC receptors, FAT, ADIPOSE tissues, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the anti‐adiposity effect of heat‐killed Lactobacillus brevis KB290 originating from traditional Japanese fermented pickles in mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). Methods and Results: C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal‐fat diet, HFD or HFD supplemented with heat‐killed KB290 for 8 weeks. Epididymal and renal adipose tissue weights, as well as areas of epididymal adipocytes, were significantly lower in the mice fed a HFD supplemented with KB290 than in those fed an unsupplemented HFD. Mice whose diets were supplemented with KB290 had elevated adiponectin and β3‐adrenergic receptor expression in epididymal adipose tissue and an accompanying higher serum free fatty acid level. Furthermore, the HFD‐induced elevations in serum glucose, insulin and HOMA‐IR were significantly suppressed by dietary supplementation with KB290. Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that KB290 ingestion altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Conclusions: Heat‐killed L. brevis KB290 suppressed diet‐induced visceral fat accumulation and ameliorated diet‐induced metabolic symptoms and intestinal gut microbiota modifications, suggesting possibility of novel paraprobiotic. Significance and Impact of the Study: Heat‐killed L. brevis KB290 is useable as a material to develop functional foods that attenuate visceral fat accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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33. The antihypertensive property of NIP-121, a novel potassium channel opener in rats

Author

Sakuya Tanaka, Yokoyama T, Shigenobu K, Yukinori Masuda, and Arakawa C

Subjects
Male, Cromakalim, Potassium Channels, Hemodynamics, Administration, Oral, Blood Pressure, Propranolol, Pharmacology, Rats, Inbred WKY, Glibenclamide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Piperidines, Species Specificity, Heart Rate, Rats, Inbred SHR, medicine, Animals, Benzopyrans, Pyrroles, Antihypertensive Agents, Oxadiazoles, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Diphenhydramine, Rats, Inbred Strains, Rats, Atropine, Blood pressure, chemistry, Anesthesia, Injections, Intravenous, Potassium channel opener, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

The antihypertensive effects of NIP-121, a novel potassium channel opener, were examined in comparison with cromakalim and its active enantiomer, lemakalim. In experiments by direct blood pressure measurements, orally administered NIP-121 dose-relatedly decreased arterial blood pressure in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), and the ED20 values (the doses to produce 20% decrease of the mean blood pressure) of NIP-121 and cromakalim were 0.010 and 0.11 mg/kg, respectively, NIP-121 thus being about ten times more potent than cromakalim. The duration of the hypotensive effect by NIP-121 was longer than that by cromakalim. The hypotensive effect of NIP-121 was stronger in SHRs than in normotensive rats. All three drugs showed tachycardia that was antagonized by a beta-blocker, propranolol. Intravenously administered NIP-121 also showed a more potent hypotensive action with longer duration than cromakalim in conscious SHRs. The ED20 values for hypotension by NIP-121, cromakalim, and lemakalim were 0.017, 0.040, and 0.016 mg/kg, respectively. The intravenous hypotensive potency of NIP-121 but not cromakalim was similar to that of p.o. administration. The repeated treatments with NIP-121 (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg p.o. once a day) for 15 days did not modify the degree of the hypotensive action. In the anesthetized SHRs, pretreatment with glibenclamide but not other antagonists (atropine, propranolol, diphenhydramine + cimetidine, or indomethacin) suppressed the decrease in blood pressure induced by NIP-121.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1991

40. Production of monoclonal antibodies against <em>Renibacterium salmoninarum</em>.

Author

Arakawa, C. K., Sanders, J. E., and Fryer, J. L.

Subjects
*MONOCLONAL antibodies, *IMMUNOGLOBULINS, *RENIBACTERIUM salmoninarum, *RENIBACTERIUM, *IMMUNODIAGNOSIS
Abstract

This article describes the production of monoclonal antibodies against Renibacterium salmoninarum. The study aimed to serologically compare selected isolates of R. salmoninarum using monoclonal antibodies and to produce a monoclonal antibody which could be used for immunodiagnosis. Monoclonal antibody technology makes it possible to analyse specific and cross-reacting antigens among strains of a single bacterial species. Monoclonal antibodies produced against three isolates of R. salmoninarum were analysed for their cross-reactivity among different strains using an indirect ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and immunofluorescent assay (FA). This work represents the first report of monoclonal antibodies in the serological analysis of R. salmoninarum.

Published
1987
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44. Prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarumamong DownstreamMigrating Salmonids in the Columbia River

Author

Sanders, J. E., Long, J. J., Arakawa, C. K., Bartholomew, J. L., and Rohovec, J. S.

Abstract

Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is an important contributor to mortality of salmonids in hatcheries in the Columbia River basin. However, the impact of BKD on the survival of downstream migrants is difficult to determine because there is little information on the disease-related mortality among these fish. In this study, the impact of BKD on juvenile salmonids was examined by determining the percentage of downriver migrants infected with Renibacterium salmoninarum(the causative agent of BKD) and evaluating the effects of salt water on the progress of the disease. During the 2 years of this study, approximately 20% of the three species of migrating hatchery and wild salmonids (Oncorhynchusspp.) collected were infected with R. salmoninarum. Mortality caused by BKD increased when fish were held in salt water.

Published
1992
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45. The Antihypertensive Property of NIP121 A Novel Potassium Channel Opener in Rats

Author

Masuda, Y., Arakawa, C., Yokoyama, T., Shigenobu, K., and Tanaka, S.

Abstract

The antihypertensive effects of NIP-121, a novel potassium channel opener, were examined in comparison with cromakalim and its active enantiomer, le-makalim. In experiments by direct blood pressure measurements, orally administered NIP-121 dose-relatedly decreased arterial blood pressure in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), and the ED20values (the doses to produce 20 decrease of the mean blood pressure) of NIP-121 and cromakalim were 0.010 and 0.11 mg/kg. respectively, NIP-121 thus being about ten times more potent than cromakalim. The duration of the hypotensive effect by NIP-121 was longer than that by cromakalim. The hypotensive effect of NIP-121 was stronger in SHRs than in normotensive rats. All three drugs showed tachycardia that was antagonized by a β-blocker, propranolol. Intravenously administered NIP-121 also showed a more potent hypotensive action with longer duration than cromakalim in conscious SHRs. The ED20values for hypotension by NIP-121, cromakalim, and lemakalim were 0.017, 0.040, and 0.016 mg/kg, respectively. The intravenous hypotensive potency of NIP-121 but not cromakalim was similar to that of p.o. administration. The repeated treatments with NIP-121 (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg p.o. once a day) for 15 days did not modify the degree of the hypotensive action. In the anesthetized SHRs, pretreatment with glibenclamide but not other antagonists (atropine, propranolol, diphenhy-dramine + cimetidine, or indomethacin) suppressed the decrease in blood pressure induced by NIP-121. In anesthetized and ganglion-blocked rats. NIP-121 (0.003–0.3 mg/kg. i.v.) dose-dependently antagonized the pressor responses to i.v. injection of norepinephrine, angiotensin I, angiotensin II, arginine vasopressin, prostaglandin F2a, or Bay K 8644; among these interventions, the pressor response to Bay K 8644 was antagonized most potently. These results indicate that NIP-121 has a potent and long-lasting antihypertensive effect that may largely be produced by its activity as a potassium channel opener.

Published
1991

46. Serology of <em>Mycobacterium chelonei</em> isolated from salmonid fish.

Author

Arakawa, C. K., Fryer, J. L., and Sanders, J. E.

Subjects
*DIAGNOSTIC microbiology, *MYCOBACTERIUM, *FISHES, *ACIDS, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay
Abstract

Rapidly growing, non-chromogenic mycobacteria were isolated from salmonid fish at five locations in the states of Oregon and Montana, U.S. Detection of mycobacterial acids and a percentage of guanine plus cytosine value of 63±l-7mol% confirmed that the isolates belong to the genus Mycobacterium. The BAN antiserum reacted with all of the other salmonid isolates showing a high degree of cross reactivity. Titres obtained using ELISA were two- to fourfold higher but followed the same pattern. After adsorption with the other salmonid strains, the BAN antiserum titre was reduced to 1.20 or less. The high antibody adsorbing capacity of the five salmonid strains from the USA with the BAN antiserum demonstrated their antigenic similarity.

Published
1986
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