Search

Manganese (Mn) is a necessary trace mineral, but imbalanced levels in the body can lead to neurotoxicity. The neurotoxicity of manganese chloride (MnCl2) is associated with dopaminergic neurodegeneration, oxidative damage and neuro-inflammation. This study was conducted to assess the neuroprotective effects of quercetin or rosemary extract on neurotoxicity induced by MnCl2 in rats. Twenty-eight male albino rats were separated into four identical groups. G1(normal control): Rats were provided with purified water. G2 (MnCl2): Rats were orally administered MnCl2 at a dose of 1/25 LD50 (59.36 mg/kg b.wt) five times a week for six consecutive weeks. G3 (MnCl2+ Quercetin): Rats were given MnCl2 (59.36 mg/kg b.wt) along with Quercetin (50 mg/kg b.wt/day). G4 (MnCl2+ Rosemary extract): Rats were given MnCl2 (59.36 mg/kg b.wt) along with Rosemary extract (200 mg/kg b.wt/day). Results indicated that a significant upregulation of HAT1, HDAC1, and Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) gene expression with Global DNA hyper-methylation were observed in brain of MnCl2 exposed rats. Meanwhile, Quercetin or Rosemary extract co-treatment with MnCl2 induce significant downregulation of HAT1, HDAC1 and PI3K expression with major Global DNA hypo-methylation in the brain of rats. Additionally, treating manganese-exposed rats with quercetin or Rosemary extract also resulted in the preservation of the brain's histological structure. These results suggest that quercetin and rosemary can modulate alterations in histone acetylation in rats brain cells when exposed to manganese through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metalaxyl, a benzenoid fungicide, has hazardous effects on mammalian animals. Exposure to metalaxyl causes oxidative stress as well as clear toxicity. The possible protective impact of quercetin or rosemary extract against liver damage caused by the fungicide metalaxyl in rats were evaluated. Twenty-eight male albino rats split into four equal groups. G1 (control group); Rats were received distilled water. G2 (metalaxyl): Rats were administered oral dosages of metalaxyl (130 mg/kg b.wt) 1/10 LD50 three times a week for six weeks. G3 (metalaxyl + quercetin): Rats were given 50 mg/kg b.wt/day of quercetin in addition to (130 mg/kg b.wt) of metalaxyl. G4 (metalaxyl + Rosemary extract): Rats were given (200 mg/kg b.wt/day) of Rosemary extract in addition to 130 mg/kg b.wt of metalaxyl. The findings showed that rats exposed to metalaxyl had markedly elevated levels of liver marker enzymes and clearly up-regulation of Caspase-3 gene expression. However, rats exposed to metalaxyl showed a considerable downregulation of the expression of the liver HO-1, Nrf2, and Bcl-2 genes. Conversely, Quercetin or Rosmary extract co-treatment with metalaxyl induce significant decreases in serum liver enzymes along with downregulation in caspase 3, while up-regulation of HO-1, Nrf2 and Bcl-2 gene expression in hepatocytes of treated rats. These results suggest that quercetin and rosemary extract may have a potential protective role as strong hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, mitigate oxidative stress caused by metalaxyl toxicity induced -liver damage by inhibiting caspase 3 mediated initiation of HO-1, Nrf2 and Bcl-2 genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effect of dietary replacement of inorganic copper (CuO) with its organic or nano source on productive performance, egg quality and blood biochemical constituents of layers. Three hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa Brown hens were randomly allotted into 5 groups. First group received CuO at 8 mg/kg diet, while the second and third group supplemented with the organic form of Cu (copper polysaccharide complex) at 8 and 4 mg/kg diet, respectively. Fourth and fifth group received the Cu as nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) at the same levels of the organic form, respectively. Birds fed the experimental diets for 10 weeks at 110 g/hen/day. Organic Cu failed to compensate body weight losses (P > 0.05), and the CuO-NPs significantly increased it (P < 0.05). Both organic and CuO-NPs non-significantly increased average egg production, shell composition of calcium and phosphorus % and yolk Cu contents (P > 0.05). In contrast, the organic and Nano-CuO salts reduced egg yolk cholesterol contents (P < 0.05). Besides, they caused an interesting reduction of cracked egg percentage (P < 0.05). Additionally, both organic and CuO-NPs increased serum Cu levels, MDA and SOD activities while reduced serum glutathione peroxidase activity compared with CuO (P < 0.05). Moreover, serum lipid profile was significantly altered as triglycerides concentration was increased while total cholesterol was reduced in birds received organic and CuO-NPs. So, the organic or Nano forms of Cu could be used as safe alternative sources in layer diets replacing the inorganic Cu without compromising their productive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The objective of the current study is to find out and correlate the predictive value of serum lactate level in the first 12h of ICU admission regarding mortality and length of ICU stay. Methods: Thirty-seven critically ill patients were enrolled. All patients’ functional conditions were assessed on admission by the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE-IV), scoring system, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Three samples of lactate were obtained. One on admission, one after 6 h and one after 12 h of admission. Results: Patients’ in-hospital mortality was 12/37 (32.4%), Serum lactate in the three samples was shown to be significantly accurate in predicting non survivors, average blood lactate level were significantly (P<0.0001) high in deceased patients compared to survivors. Elevated levels had high notsurvivors discriminative power (ROCAUC=0.945 [95%CI 0.89-0.99]; P<0.0001). Blood lactate <4mmol/L had a higher survival probability with statistically significant difference compared to patients with increased blood lactate >4mmol/L (P<0.0001). Cox regression analysis revealed that only blood lactate was an independent mortality predictor (AHR 20.1 [1.5-270.0], P=0.025). Conclusions: Non survivors had higher blood lactate levels at admission as well as at 6 and 12 h. Average blood lactate levels after 12 hours of ICU admission is a good prognostic marker and gives valuable information in initial critically ill patient evaluation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In fresh fish, the balance between the prooxidative and antioxidative factors, which control oxidative reactions, is maintained by numerous systems with prolonged storage time the control of oxidation is lost and the onset of lipid oxidation can no longer be prevented. Therefore, the enzymatic antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, Nitric oxide) and lipid peroxidation were determined in muscle tissues of farmed fish including (Common Carp, Mugil Cephalus and Tilapia) during freezing storage for 48 hours. The obtained results revealed that the mean values of Superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase and total antioxidant capacity were decrease during freezing storage for 48 hours while Malonaldehyde and Nitric oxide were significantly increased during freezing storage. The relative concentration of antioxidants varies with the fish species as well as the type of fish muscle tissue. (The present study concluded that freezing treatment had a great impact on antioxidant system regardless the duration of freezing storage. Therefore, control of lipid oxidation in fish involves utilizing processing and storage techniques that do not greatly decrease the activity of antioxidants enzymes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to determine serum concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se) of Barki sheep reared in the rainfed area at Matrouh Governorate, Egypt. Forty apparently healthy Barki sheep (2-4 years of age) were randomly selected from Marsa Matrouh and El Negaila farms (twenty each) for this study. In addition to twenty healthy Barki sheep aged 2-4 years, obtained from Borg El Arab farm, represented as control. Animals classified into 3 groups according to water source: Borg El Arab as control (Tap water); Matrouh (Rainfall water); El Negaila (Rainfall Water). Water and serum samples were prepared for the detection and estimation of selected metals by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Metal analysis revealed that Pb levels in different water samples were recorded above the EWQS of 0.01 ppm in following: El Negaila > Matrouh > control, Cd levels were recorded in El Negaila (RW) and Matrouh (RW) above recommended limit of 0.003, Se levels were recorded above maximum limit EWQS of 0.01 ppm in control (TW) followed by El Negaila and Matrouh however the levels of Cu, Zn, and Fe from the surveyed areas were below EWQS limits. Serum mineral analysis, Pb level was significantly increased only in examined sheep of El Negaila, Cd levels were higher in examined sheep of El Negaila and Matrouh however, Cu, Zn, and Fe levels were significantly lower compared to the control group. Conclusion: water analysis showed that Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations were within the levels recommended by EWQS except for Pb, Cd and Se levels which need more attention. Serum analysis revealed high levels of Pb, Cd, and Se however deficient to marginal levels of Zn and Cu were detected in examined sheep. These results should provide a database for the mineral status of Barki sheep and their drinking water quality in Matrouh and El Negaila as well as evaluate environmental pollution status in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa brown laying hens were used to investigate the effects of replacement of inorganic zinc with organic or nano zinc on egg production performance, immune response, some blood biochemical parameters. Hens were randomly allotted into 5 groups for 10 weeks experimental period. Zinc sources were added to the basal diet as following: Group1 fed the basal diet supplemented with 60 ppm inorganic zinc oxide, G2-G3: supplemented with 60 and 30 ppm organic zinc and G4-G5 received the same levels but from zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Results showed that replacement of inorganic zinc by 60 ppm of organic zinc or 30ppm of zinc nanoparticles significantly reduced body weight losses. Moreover, addition of organic or nano zinc significantly increased egg production % and average yolk weight, non-significantly (P≥0.05) increased average shell weight while lower level of nano zinc (30ppm) significantly (P<0.05) reduced average albumen weight. Higher supplementation level of organic zinc (60 ppm) significantly reduced cracked shell % (P<0.05) while nano zinc significantly reduced average albumen index. Inclusion of zinc polysaccharide or nanoparticles had no significant effect on antibody production against avian influenza while improved it against Newcastle disease at 63rd and 65th weeks of layer age. Significant improvement of phagocytic activity and index, increased serum SOD with improved MDA and GPx activities and non-significant increased serum total protein and albumin concentrations were found in laying hens supplemented with organic or nano zinc forms. Serum liver enzymes (GOT and GPT) activities were reduced in laying hens supplemented with organic zinc and 30mg of nano zinc/kg diet. Moreover, organic or nano zinc oxide supplementation non-significantly reduced serum triglycerides while, increased (P≥0.05) serum phosphorus, zinc, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein concentrations except lower level of nano zinc reduced serum cholesterol. In conclusion, organic or nano forms of zinc at 60 or 30 ppm/kg diet could be used as safe alternative sources of inorganic zinc in laying hen diet without any detrimental effect on their productive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]