Search

In Philosophy in the Tragic Age of the Greeks, Nietzsche highlights the figure of Anaximandro as a philosopher who introduces moral questions into ontology, by problematizing the Becoming. Nietzsche characterizes Heráclito as the philosopher who answers Anaximandro. In this article, we intend to a) describe Nietzsche's methodology for reading the ancient philosophers, through the combination of philosophy and personality. b) Present the Anaximandrian arkhé, the apeiron, through a rapprochement with Schopenhauer's pessimism, carried out by Nietzsche himself; c) show how Heraclitos' opposition to Anaximandro reflects Nietzsche's own reaction to Schopenhauer, so that Heraclitos' presence in Nietzsche's philosophy is configured simultaneously as an influence and as a mask of Nietzsche's own thought. We argue that Nietzsche's aim, above all through the notions of "play", "necessity" and "agonism", is to provide an aesthetic response to the problem of becoming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper consists of an introductory exposition of ethical theory of the philosopher Benedictus Spinoza, considering his major works; approaching its critical implications in the history of philosophy, focusing in immanentist perspective, by showing how it enters into confrontation with moral conceptions - based on transcendent principles. As an outcome, will be worked (as consequence of a practical philosophy) the relation between knowledge and existence in the thought of Spinoza. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]