Search

Resumo O estudo analisa a elaboração de respostas para o enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19 na América Latina. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com base em análise de documentos, dados e medidas políticas adotadas ou anunciadas entre março e dezembro de 2020 em 14 países latino-americanos. A análise compreendeu a apreciação de teor, conteúdo e abrangência das medidas políticas para contenção e mitigação sanitárias e para a reorganização dos serviços de saúde identificadas nos sites governamentais. Complementarmente, incluiu-se indicadores quantitativos demográficos e relativos à situação epidemiológica e resultado do Sringency index. No geral, as respostas dos países latino-americanos foram heterogêneas, apesar de multisetoriais, caracterizando a complexidade e diversidade decisória frente à pandemia. Conclui-se que ainda há muito a refletir sobre as consequências das fragilidades normativas para a consecução das necessidades multidimensionais durante crises sanitárias. Abstract The study analyzes the development of responses to address the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America. It is a descriptive study based on an analysis of documents, data, and policy measures adopted or announced between March and December 2020 in 14 Latin American countries. The analysis included assessment of the content, tenor, and scope of policy measures for containment and mitigation, health care, and reorganization of health services identified on government websites. In addition, quantitative demographic indicators were included, as well as those related to the epidemiological situation and the result of the Stringency index. In general, the responses of Latin American countries were heterogeneous, albeit multisectoral, characterizing the complexity and diversity of decision making when confronting a pandemic. The conclusion drawn is that there is still a great deal to reflect upon with respect to the consequences of regulatory weaknesses for the achievement of multidimensional demands during health crises.

Sexually Transmitted Infections are among the most frequent conditions that affect the health and lives worldwide. Regarding syphilis, a systemic STI of chronic evolution, although sexual transmission is the most common form, vertical transmission, from the pregnant woman to the fetus has been a health problem. The recommendations for the control of syphilis during pregnancy ratify interventions aimed at prevention and timely diagnosis, as well as attention to the most exposed population groups. Knowing the factors associated with gestational and congenital syphilis can help in the planning of specific and intersectoral actions. In view of this, this scoping review aimed to systematize the main factors associated with cases of gestational and congenital syphilis identified in scientific articles, available on the main online search platforms.

In order to contribute with a methodological approach, this study compared the energy needs by predictive equations, with food consumption data from a population of school adolescents, from Bahia municipalities, and also to know the food space and the meals included by this population. This is a cross-sectional study, nested in a randomized controlled trial carried out with high school students from public schools in ten cities in Bahia. Food consumption was established through a quantitative food frequency questionnaire and three food records. They were used as Dietary Reference Intakes and Schofield to calculate nutritional needs. Anthropometric (weight, height, waist circumference), sociodemographic and physical activity data were carried over descriptively and associations were tested using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, with a significance level of 0.95. The sample consisted of 85 adolescents, eutrophic (83.1%), active (69.5%), and most main meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) were taken at home (> 80%). The differences between the recommended nutritional needs and food consumption were statistically relevant (p < 0.05) and indicate the need for accuracy in the investigation of outcomes related to food and energy expenditure in adolescents. The assessment of nutritional needs for population groups is important in the context of Public Health, as well as knowing the prevailing food and nutritional situation in all age groups, especially in critical life stages for the formation of new habits, such as adolescence. Con el fin de contribuir con un enfoque metodológico, este estudio comparó la necesidad energética, através de ecuaciones predictivas, con datos de consumo de alimentos de una población de adolescentes escolares, de los municipios de Bahía, y para conocer el espacio alimentario y las comidas incluidas por esta población. Se trata de un estudio transversal, anidado en un ensayo controlado aleatorizado con estudiantes de secundaria de escuelas públicas en diez ciudades de Bahía. El consumo de alimentos se estableció mediante un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria y tres registros alimentarios. Se utilizaron como Ingestas Dietéticas de Referencia y Schofield para calcular las necesidades nutricionales. Los datos antropométricos, sociodemográficos y de actividad física se trasladaron de forma descriptiva y se probaron las asociaciones mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher, con nivel de significancia de 0,95. La muestra estuvo formada por 85 adolescentes, eutróficos (83,1%), activos (69,5%) y la mayoría de las comidas principales (desayuno, almuerzo y cena) se tomaban en casa (> 80%). Las diferencias entre las necesidades nutricionales recomendadas y el consumo de alimentos fueron estadísticamente relevantes (p 80%). As diferenças entre as necessidades nutricionais recomendadas e o consumo alimentar, foram estatisticamente significativas (p