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Matthew Ison,1,2 Jane Scott,3 John Apel,3 Andrew Apel1,3 1Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; 2University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; 3The Eye Health Centre, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, AustraliaCorrespondence: Matthew IsonPrincess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, AustraliaTel +61 434 946 264Email Matthew.Ison2@health.qld.gov.auPurpose: To report patient expectations, visual performance and satisfaction with AcrySof IQ PanOptix multifocal intraocular lens in a heterogeneous patient group. Additionally, determine if identifiable pre-operative characteristics can predict post-operative satisfaction.Methods: Data were prospectively collected for 67 consecutive patients (134 eyes) who underwent bilateral Panoptix implantation in a private ophthalmology clinic. A pre-operative questionnaire was completed regarding vision satisfaction, visual phenomena and expectations. Routine clinical parameters were collected 1 month and follow-up questionnaire administered 3 months post-operatively.Results: Post-operative unaided distance vision was 20/20 (0.01 ± 0.10) and binocular near vision 20/25-2 (N5; 0.14 ± 0.06). Patients satisfied with vision increased from 6% (n=4) unaided and 48% (n=32) aided pre-operatively to 94% (n=63) unaided post-operatively (p< 0.001). There was marked increase in frequency of halo from 14% (n=9) to 69% (n=46; p< 0.001) but no corresponding increase in how bothersome this symptom was (p=0.193) nor the frequency of other visual phenomena. Worse post-operative vision and fluctuating vision were associated with lower post-operative satisfaction. There was no difference in satisfaction or residual astigmatism in those implanted with toric lenses. A total of 96% (n=64) of patients were spectacle-free at 3-months and would recommend this procedure to others.Conclusion: This study supports the trend towards increased patient expectations of multifocal intraocular lenses, matched

Nonlinear internal waves in the ocean are discussed (a) from the standpoint of soliton theory and (b) from the viewpoint of experimental measurements. First, theoretical models for internal solitary waves in the ocean are briefly described. Various nonlinear analytical solutions are treated, commencing with the well-known Boussinesq and Korteweg–de Vries equations. Then certain generalizations are considered, including effects of cubic nonlinearity, Earth's rotation, cylindrical divergence, dissipation, shear flows, and others. Recent theoretical models for strongly nonlinear internal waves are outlined. Second, examples of experimental evidence for the existence of solitons in the upper ocean are presented; the data include radar and optical images and in situ measurements of waveforms, propagation speeds, and dispersion characteristics. Third, and finally, action of internal solitons on sound wave propagation is discussed. This review paper is intended for researchers from diverse backgrounds, including acousticians, who may not be familiar in detail with soliton theory. Thus, it includes an outline of the basics of soliton theory. At the same time, recent theoretical and observational results are described which can also make this review useful for mainstream oceanographers and theoreticians.

The Ocean Remote Sensing Laboratory (ORSL) has been studying internal waves using remote sensing techniques employing three different types of observational platforms: ships, aircraft, and spacecraft. Internal waves and their manifestations have been observed using the following techniques: Satellite multispectral scanning imagers (principally in the visible and near- infrared); Radar--both coherent imaging radar and standard meteorological radar (all from aircraft); Hand-held visible photography (from spacecraft, aircraft, and ship; Ship-towed thermistors; and STD and XBT casts.

The U.S. Navy is developing a long-range program for an oceanographer in space. This program will become part of a fully integrated Office of the Chief of Naval Research (OCNR) science and technology plan to guide further programs in space oceanography. These activities serve two purposes, with the first leading to the second: to show the current ideas on shuttle based oceanography and to elicit comments from the scientific community that might improve those thoughts.

An experiment was constructed for the study of waves excited in a plasma by an electron stream. A PIG source generates a hydrogen plasma of density up to 10 to the 13th power/cc and 30 eV electron temperature, confined by a 500 gauss field. A 40-milliampere, 1000-volt electron beam is pulsed into the plasma. Coherent, growing waves are excited at frequencies typically near 500 mc when the plasma frequency is 1800 mc and the cyclotron frequency 900 mc. The wave grows in both space and time until reaching a limiting amplitude, after which it decays; this entire process repeats at about a 40 mc repetition rate at a power level of several watts. Diagnostic equipment includes a 3000 mc oscilloscope, a spectrum analyzer, and various probes. If the dispersion equation governing the waves is solved for the finite geometry of the experiment, it becomes apparent that the growth occurs because of the interaction between the slow plasma wave on the electron beam and the electron cyclotron wave in the plasma. (Author), Presented at the Annual Meeting (6th), Div. of Plasma Physics, American Physical Society, New York, 4-7 Nov 64.