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The present study aimed to determine Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) in five vegetables viz., Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Mustard (Brassica campestris), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Spinach (Spinacea oleracea) and Chinese spinach (Amaranthus dubius), and their growing soils in three agricultural sites (Manohara, Bode, and Nagadesh) of Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur district and to assess health risks using USEPA deterministic approaches. The average concentrations of HMs in soils were 0.85, 30.65, 40.06, 47.42, and 129.55 mg/kg for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn respectively, exceeding the normal soil quality standards except Cr. Similarly, the average concentrations of HMs in vegetables were 0.42, 6.63, 22.33, 1.34, and 77.16 mg/kg for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn respectively exceeding joint FAO/WHO standards except for Cu. The I-geo values revealed a class of unpolluted to moderately polluted levels for the agricultural soils indicating the 1st degree of soil pollution. Among the vegetables, Chinese spinach measured considerably high transfer factor (TF) for Cd (0.79), Cr (0.34), Cu (0.76), Pb (0.04), and Zn (0.89) indicating health concerns to the consumers. The hazard index (HI) for these HMs was found less than the acceptable limit (1.0) indicating no non-carcinogenic risk to adults through vegetable consumption. However, the lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) parameter indicated low to high cancer risk for Cd, Cr, and Pb. Among the vegetables, Chinese spinach estimated the highest LCR values for the HMs suggesting regular monitoring of HMs in soil and vegetable on account of their toxic effects.

The technology (IOT) is a huge influx of technological advancements (ICT). The Iot technology (IoT) is a broad phrase that encompasses a wide range of capabilities, possible uses, multiple data collection, and operating approaches. The present IOT research activities are centered on the creation but also design of mandates and open infrastructures, which still have issues that must be overcome before they can be fully implemented. This paper includes an introduction of IoT technology and its uses in farming systems, as well as a measurement of prior survey research and a suggestion for an irrigation management monitoring system. This project's main purpose is to create new agricultural technologies that will boost vegetative growth and water resources. Following the measurement of temperature, humidity, and moisture content, a smart control system is provided, which employs cutting-edge electrical tech and a microcontroller to switch the hydrostatic gear ON and OFF when the atmosphere's most content is recognized. Following the temperature measurements, moisture levels, and soil moisture, a Bluetooth service member is also offered.

Huge volumes of data have been available to policymakers in the digital world. Big data is a term to collections that are not always huge, but also varied and fast changing, rendering standard tools and procedures inadequate. Due to the quick creation of such data, techniques to organize and retrieve value and knowledge from these sets must be explored and given. Additionally, choice should be able to obtain relevant information from that wide and continuously changing collection of data, which encompasses everything from ordinary activities to customer communication and social data. Analytics, and that is the deployment of advanced analytics methodologies to enormous volumes of data, may deliver such value. It article looks at some of the numerous analytics concepts and methods that may be utilized utilizing massive data, or the prospects that data analytics might provide in many decision domains.

The processors are all important components of computer architecture. Computer architecture is a specification that describes how hardware and software technologies are connected to create a computer platform. It refers to a system that processes any fetched instruction. There are many different types of processors, and we shall examine the distinctions between single cycle and multi-cycle processors in this article. Former processors only executed an instruction in a single clock cycle, while multi-cycle processors disassembled the instructions into multiple functional pieces and then executed each portion in a separate clock cycle. Because the multicycle processor breaks down each instruction into smaller pieces, the amount of hardware required is decreased, and several registers are added to store data that may be utilized in the execution of subsequent instructions. A multicycle processor executes instructions in smaller clock cycles than a single cycle processor, according to the proposed study.

Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) is another name for data mining. It's also known as the process of extracting interpretable, intriguing and valuable statistics from unstructured data. There are a variety of resources which generally produce huge amounts of raw data. This is the primary cause for the fast growth of data mining applications. This article discusses data mining methods and their applications, including scholastic data mining (SDM), life sciences, commerce, finance, and medicine among others. We put current methods together to see how data mining might be used to various areas. Our classification focuses on research that was published between 2007 and 2017. We provide a simple and brief perspective of various models used in data mining with this classification.

The existing power generation grid with in United States seems to be an antiquated architecture, and the Home Automation is an overhaul that will contain a new features to fit customers' evolving power demands. Updating a systematic approach like the electricity network has the ability to bring new security vulnerabilities. This article gives an outline of the efforts undertaken in the field of Renewable Energy cyber security. Controller (PCS) Risk, Proposed Smart Stability, Electric Grid Model Based Security, Distributed Generation Data Link Protection, and Smart Grid Simulations for Security Research are really the areas that make up various pieces of the Smart Grid. The Power System is a vast, intricate infrastructure that still needs substantial cyber defense preparation.

Gym has been more popular in recent years since it aids in the maintenance of one's health, increases flexibility, improves concentration, and motivates individuals to live a healthy and tranquil life. People used to practice Gym on any surface, but today they prefer to do it on a Gym mat since it offers greater comfort and ease. The primary purpose of a Gym mat is to prevent or minimize hand and foot slippage. The Gym mats that have been created so far are not automated and cannot be controlled using a speech system. The researcher suggested an automated mat that can be controlled via a speech system in this article. Temperature sensor, weight sensor, movement sensor, piezoresistive sensor, pressure sensor, vibrator, display screen, roller with direct current (DC) motor, voice system, AI camera, and AI-based controller are all included in this mat. This Gym mat is superior to the previous one since it is automated and can recommend workouts based on the user's age. The automated Gym mat has a promising future since it may be further customized by incorporating new technologies and mechanics.

In line of the huge scope of the digital context, the number of subscribers of digital services, and the number of digital devices, levels of energy intake have reached alarming levels during the last decade. By 2020, the number of linked devices will have augmented almost to forty nine billion, and in the coming years almost by 2030, it will have increased to 100 billion. As a result, experts anticipate a massive increase in content size and data usage rate (hundreds of thousand times larger in coming decade than it was in past two decades) at the cost of extreme carbon emissions into the atmosphere. As the Internet of Things (IoT) connects everything in the smart world, energy usage is an issue and a promising study field. A green IoT is proposed in order to achieve a low power consumption IoT. The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of green IoT. It also goes through the green IoT life cycle, which includes green design, green manufacture, green use, and green recycling. Green IoT technologies are also explored, such as green tags, green sensor networks, and green internet technologies. In addition, there are studies on IoT using fifth gen technologies and IoT for smart metropolises. Finally, future research topics as well as outstanding issues in the field of green IoT are discussed.