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The aim of this split-mouth clinical and radiographic study was to evaluate and compare the regenerative potential of a combination of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) and beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) to the established technique of bone grafting with β-TCP alone in the surgical management of intraosseous defects. A total of 24 sites in 12 subjects with intraosseous defects were included and randomly divided into test (rhPDGF-BB + β-TCP) and control (β-TCP alone) sites. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Radiographic parameters were evaluated at baseline and 6 months. Both groups showed statistically significant reductions of all clinical parameters. Intergroup comparison demonstrated a significantly greater probing pocket depth reduction and clinical attachment level gain in the test group. The mean percentage defect fill was significantly greater in the test group than in the control group at 3 and 6 months, and greater improvement in defect angle was also evident in the test group. Although both groups showed definitive improvements in all parameters, the test group showed significantly better results when used to treat human periodontal intraosseous defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction:- It is understood as an act of using cyber space to create, display, distribute, impart or publish pornography or obscene materials, especially materials depicting children engaged in sexual acts with adults. There are tons of materials which are available now at our fingertips with the advent of 4G network and smart phones. Almost 50% of the websites exhibit pornographic material on the internet today. Pornography is accessible to anyone and everyone. 9 out of 10 boys are exposed to some form of pornography before the age of 18 years whereas the average ratio is 6 out of 10 for girls. Objectives:-1. To identify the prevalence of risk of cyber-pornography addiction amongst medical students. 2.To identify the type of risk present among the students. Methodology:-This study was conducted with the help of a pre-designed, pre-tested web-based questionnaire based on Internet Sex Screening Test amongst the medical college students of Telangana.Duration of the study: 1st January 2019 to29th February 2019 (2 months). Results: - In the present study most of the study population (59.02%) was 3rd MBBS students, less study population from internees (4.39%). Males were 58.35% and females were 41.46%. Among Males 75 (36.58%) are under low risk, 45 (21.95%) are at risk, Among Females 82 (40%)are under low risk, 3 (1.46%)are at risk which was statistically significant. Conclusion:- It is concluded that majority of the males and females came under low risk category but males were more under vulnerable category. So males showed higher risk of addiction to pornography. Pornography is affecting the lives of the students. Recommendations:- Educating the masses about the detrimental effects of cyber pornography at the levels of individual, family, society and the nation .Compulsory sex education during high school i.e. during the formative years of an adolescent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Homocysteine (Hcy), an inflammatory biomarker, is a sulfur-containing amino acid. Elevated levels of plasma Hcy are evident in various inflammatory conditions and have been described as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The literature has also stated that a similar association could exist between the chronic periodontitis and plasma-Hcy levels, in otherwise systemically healthy individuals. However, studies on Hcy levels in periodontitis are scarce. Hence, this study aimed to assess the levels of plasma Hcy in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal, case–control clinical study included a total of 60 patients who were divided into two groups. Periodontal parameters including Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Sulcus Bleeding Index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline and 12 weeks after periodontal therapy. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was performed to measure the Hcy levels. The results were evaluated statistically for intergroup pair-wise comparisons by Mann–Whitney U-test and intragroup comparison by Wilcoxon-matched pairs test. Correlation between the plasma-Hcy levels with other clinical parameters in all groups was done by Spearman's rank correlation method. Results: The Hcy was detectable in all the samples. At baseline, the mean levels of plasma Hcy were found to be low in the control group, whereas in the test group, it is found to be higher. These plasma-Hcy levels and all periodontal parameters were reduced significantly after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that plasma-Hcy levels are reduced after nonsurgical periodontal therapy but not to the levels comparable with those found in healthy individuals. Therefore, nonsurgical periodontal therapy may be used as an adjunctive Hcy-lowering therapy, contributing toward primary prevention against cardiovascular diseases.

Background: Recent trends suggest using novel host-modulating agents as a treatment strategy for chronic periodontitis. Glucosamine sulfate (GS) was proven to have anti-inflammatory actions related to its ability to suppress neutrophil functions. Orthoboon, an anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory drug, has shown to have a positive therapeutic effect due to its constituents made of a combination of GS, Vitamin C, and collagen. The aim of the study was to evaluate the host modulatory effects of Orthoboon on periodontal status and to estimate the C reactive protein (CRP) levels before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Materials and Methods: A total number of 40 patients with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into two groups of 20 patients each. The test group patients (n = 20) received 500 mg Orthoboon three times daily for 45 days. Prior to the initiation of Orthoboon, all patients in both test group and control group were subjected to Phase I periodontal therapy. CRP levels were estimated immediately after phase I therapy and 45 days after therapy. Clinical parameters including plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding index were recorded before and after NSPT for the two groups. Results: The mean CRP levels were reduced significantly in the test group before and after administration of Orthoboon and also there were statistically significant differences in the mean CRP levels at the end of 45 days between the test group and the control group. Conclusion: Administration of Orthoboon, i.e., GS, with a combination of Vitamin C and collagen was proved to be of a significant benefit in the test group than in the control group.

Background and Aims: Visfatin, also known as pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor, is secreted from a variety of cells and is thought to have some proinflammatory and immunomodulating effects. It is indicated that serum/plasma levels of visfatin increase in a number of inflammatory disorders. The present study aims to assess salivary visfatin concentrations and investigate its relationship in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal therapy. Methods: This prospective clinical study included a total of 20 subjects who were divided into two groups with 10 patients in each viz Group A: Periodontally healthy subjects, Group B: Chronic periodontitis subjects. In group B, the subjects were further assigned as T1 and T2 groups before and after periodontal therapy. Periodontal parameters including plaque index, gingival index, sulcus bleeding index, probing depth and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline and patients were subjected to periodontal therapy. An ELISA analysis was performed to measure the visfatin levels in saliva in study groups before and after 12 weeks of periodontal therapy. Statistical Analysis Used: The results were evaluated statistically using Student t-test, one way ANOVA, Post-hoc Tukey's test and Pearson's rank correlation method. Results: The salivary visfatin concentrations were reduced significantly after periodontal therapy. There were statistically significant differences elicited in salivary visfatin levels of Group A and T1 of Group B and also between T1 and T2 of Group B. Conclusions: Salivary levels of Visfatin are reduced after periodontal therapy to the levels comparable with those found in healthy individuals. Therefore, the salivary visfatin levels may have the potential to be a target marker for assessment of responses to periodontal therapy.

Aims: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the melanocyte response following depigmentation by cryosurgery and mucosal excision at both clinical and histopathological levels during 6 months. Subjects and Methods: A total of 15 individuals, aged 25–45 years with hyperpigmentation on the facial aspect of the gingiva present in the esthetic zone were included. A split-mouth approach was used, wherein one side received depigmentation by a scalpel and the other side received cryotherapy, with the choice of the therapy and side chosen by the spin of the coin. For determining the melanocyte assay, a small amount of gingival tissue that was excised was studied under a special staining technique, i.e., Masson–Fontana method for melanin, a histochemistry procedure which determines the activity of melanin both quantitatively and qualitatively. Clinical and histological observations for the intensity of pigmentation were recorded at baseline and 6 months after surgery. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired and unpaired t-test. Results: The mean value of the Dummett Oral Pigmentation Index (DOPI) was 2.44 ± 0.51 at baseline; following depigmentation with scalpel technique, the mean DOPI was 1.05 ± 0.23 at 6 months; and there was a statistically significant difference in the mean DOPI when compared with that of the baseline (P = 0.001). Following depigmentation with cryosurgery technique, the mean DOPI was 0.33 ± 0.48 at 6 months which also varied statistically significantly with that of the baseline (P = 0.001). The mean value of melanin histopathological count (MHC) was 95.53 ± 9.03 at baseline; following depigmentation with the scalpel technique, the mean DOPI was 89.49 ± 7.56 at 6 months, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.795). Following depigmentation with the cryosurgery technique, the mean MHC was 75.38 ± 5.63 at 6 months, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.285). Conclusions: The mean histologic count of the melanocytes, which accounts for the re-pigmentation process has shown low recurrence values in cryosurgery over the scalpel technique even though the difference was not statistically significant.

Aim and Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of subgingivally delivered 1% ornidazole and 0.25% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate (Ornigreat™ gel) and Aloe vera (AV) gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Twenty chronic periodontitis patients with pocket depths ranging from 4 to 6 mm bilaterally at least in one site were included in the study. After a thorough nonsurgical periodontal therapy, 1% ornidazole and 0.25% CHX gluconate (Ornigreat™ gel) and AV gel were subgingivally delivered into the pocket sites, and the clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding index (BI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and after 4 weeks. Results: In both the groups, a reduction in PI, GI, and probing depth readings was evidenced after 4 weeks. A significant improvement was noticed in the BI in the AV group when compared with that of Ornigreat™ group. Taking CAL into consideration, though improvement was there in both the groups, it was not appreciable. Conclusion: AV which is an herbal derivative when subgingivally delivered in the pocket site could be an equally effective and affordable substitute for Ornigreat™ gel.

Objectives: Periodontal disease is a chronic, infectious gum disease, which eventually leads to tooth loss, adversely affecting quality of life (QoL). Most of the research in this area focuses on evaluating clinical parameters rather than patient-based outcomes. Currently, these parameters are gaining importance along with treatment outcomes of chronic diseases and QoL. This study evaluates the impact of periodontal disease and its treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)., Methods: We recruited 90 participants who were divided into two groups. One was the test group (n = 45) that underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) followed by periodontal flap surgery (SurgPT). Second was the control group (n = 45) that underwent only NSPT. Clinical parameters, plaque index, gingival index, periodontal/probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and mobility were recorded. An OHRQoL questionnaire was used to assess the functional, physical, social, and psychological domains at baseline, three, and six months., Results: The mean PPD in the test group was 6.9 ± 0.38, 3.2 ± 0.36, 3.5 ± 0.5, and 5.8 ± 0.67, 3.13 ± 0.21, 3.73 ± 0.45 in the NSPT group at baseline, 3, and 6 months, respectively. The mean CAL in the SurgPT group was 7.07 ± 0.41, 3.56 ± 0.27, 3.74 ± 0.30, and 6.08 ± 0.16, 4.02 ± 0.17, 4.16 ± 0.19 in the NSPT group at baseline, 3, and 6 months, respectively. Both treatments resulted in reduction in all clinical parameters and were statistically significant in the SurgPT group ( p  < 0.001). Oral Health Impact Profile scores substantially decreased in the SurgPT group (mean difference-25.0) compared to the NSPT group (mean difference-5.0) ( p -0.001)., Conclusions: In this study, NSPT and SurgPT had a positive impact on OHRQoL by improving clinical parameters, but SurgPT had substantially better outcomes in terms of improved QoL., (© 2021 Taibah University. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd.)