1. Studies on conversion of waste nitramine and fuel-rich-based propellants into liquid fertilizer
- Author
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Mehilal, Kashinath Dhabbe, Anu Abirami. S, and Prashant S. Kulkarni
- Subjects
Potassium ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nitrate ,Nitric acid ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ammonium ,Fertilizers ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Phosphoric acid ,Nitrobenzenes ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,Propellant ,Potassium hydroxide ,Aniline Compounds ,Nitrates ,General Medicine ,Pulp and paper industry ,United States ,020801 environmental engineering ,chemistry ,engineering ,Fertilizer - Abstract
The current demilitarization processes employ open burning/open detonation which is not permitted by the environmental protection agency. Therefore, a systematic study has been carried out to convert waste/rejected nitramine propellant (NP) and fuel-rich-based propellant (FRP) into liquid fertilizer by digesting in dilute nitric acid followed by neutralization with potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid. The obtained liquid fertilizers were fully characterized for nitrate, phosphate and ammonium ions along with potassium. Further, the effect of liquid fertilizers of NP and FRP on cluster bean plants was studied by taking different concentrations from 25 to 150 mL, and their effects on germination pattern, shoot growth, thickness of stem, size and number of leaves, number of pods and length over a full-grown period of plants were investigated. The results reveal that the germination index increases as the content of liquid fertilizer increases and the same trend was observed with respect to root and shoot growth. Also, broadness and the number of leaves showed an encouraging effect as concentration increases. Further, the final product, i.e. the number of pods of cluster bean and length in each pod was found to be more for liquid fertilizer of NP compared to FRP-based liquid fertilizer.
- Published
- 2018