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Wolnei Caumo,1–3 Maria Paz Hidalgo,4,5 Andressa Souza,6 Iraci LS Torres,1,7 Luciana C Antunes8 1School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; 2Pain and Palliative Care Service at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 3Pain and Anesthesia in Surgery Department, School of Medicine, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 4Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 5Laboratorio de Cronobiologia e Sono do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre, Brazil; 6Postgraduate Program in Health and Human Development, La Salle Universitary Center, Canoas, Brazil; 7Pharmacology Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 8Centro de Ciências da Saúde – Departamento de Nutrição da Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil Objective: This study compared urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) over 24 hours among fibromyalgia (FM), major depression disorder (MDD), and healthy control (HC) groups, and examined whether rhythm is correlated with depressive symptoms. To answer this question we compared the rhythm of urinary aMT6s secretion among each group in four time series: morning (06:00–12:00 hours), afternoon (12:00–18:00 hours), evening (18:00–24:00 hours), and night (24:00–06:00 hours). In the FM subjects, we assessed if the rhythm of urinary aMT6s secretion is associated with pain severity, sleep quality, number of trigger points (NTPs), and the pain pressure threshold (PPT). Patients and methods: We included 54 women, aged 18–60 years with diagnosis of FM (n=18), MDD (n=19), and HC (n =17). The 24-hour urinary aMT6s was evaluated according to four standardized periods. The assessment instruments were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. Results: A generalized estimating equation revealed no difference in the daily load of aMT6s secretion among the three groups (P=0.49). However, at the daily time (06:00–18:00 hours), the load secretion of aMT6s reached 41.54% and 60.71% in the FM and MDD, respectively, as compared to 20.73% in the HC (P

Submitted by DSpace Unilasalle (dspace@unilasalle.edu.br) on 2021-09-14T21:45:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 gbserrano.et.al.pdf: 3045186 bytes, checksum: 2e4a6d8fca2af7900fe50d50ac1eb3fd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-14T21:45:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gbserrano.et.al.pdf: 3045186 bytes, checksum: 2e4a6d8fca2af7900fe50d50ac1eb3fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 Objectives: This paper aims to determine if hypnotic analgesia suggestion and transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) have a differential effect on pain perception. We hypothesized that transcranial direct-current stimulation would be more effective than hypnotic analgesia suggestion at changing the descending pain modulating system, whereas the hypnotic suggestion would have a greater effect in quantitative sensory testing. Design: This is a randomized, double blind and crossover trial. Settings: All stages of this clinical trial were performed at the Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Subjects: Were included 24 healthy females aged from 18 to 45 years old, with a high susceptibility to hypnosis, according to the Waterloo-Stanford Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form C (15). Methods: The subjects received a random and crossover transcranial direct-current stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (2 mA for 20 min) and hypnotic analgesia (20 min). Results: Only hypnotic suggestion produced changes that are statistically significant from pre- to post-intervention in the following outcomes measures: heat pain threshold, heat pain tolerance, cold pressure test, and serum brain-derivate-neurotrophic-factor. The analysis showed a significant main effect for treatment (F = 4.32; P = 0.04) when we compared the delta-(1) of conditioned pain modulation task between the transcranial direct-current stimulation and hypnotic suggestion groups. Also, the change in the brain-derivate-neurotrophic-factor was positively correlated with the conditioned pain modulation task. Conclusion: The results confirm a differential effect between hypnotic suggestion and transcranial direct-current stimulation on the pain measures. They suggest that the impact of the interventions has differential neural mechanisms, since the hypnotic suggestion improved pain perception, whereas the transcranial direct-current stimulation increased inhibition of the descending pain modulating system. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03744897. Perspective: These findings highlight the effect of hypnotic suggestion on contraregulating mechanisms involved in pain perception, while the transcranial direct-current stimulation increased inhibition of the descending pain modulating system. They could help clinicians comprehend the mechanisms involved in hypnotic analgesia and transcranial direct-current stimulation and thus may contribute to pain and disability management.

One-step growth curve for phage ZC03. (PDF 88 kb)

Phages ZC01, ZC03 and ZC08 lysis plaques morphology. (PDF 127 kb)

tRNA genes in ZC03 and ZC08 genomes. (PDF 21 kb)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-08-20Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:48:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000807244.pdf: 680416 bytes, checksum: ef173b3fa214d296e489a956813122be (MD5) A presente pesquisa se compôs de uma investigação qualitativa em Educação, com coletas de dados realizada no ano letivo de 2013, com nove Professores Coordenadores de seis escolas diferentes do Município de Limeira, nos espaços de HTPCs (Horários de Trabalho Pedagógico Coletivo). O foco dessa investigação está na análise da contribuição do papel dos professores coordenadores na formação continuada dos professores, tendo o HTPC como um espaço privilegiado para isso. Em função dessa premissa, foi necessário investigarmos a dinâmica profissional do professor coordenador, no contexto escolar, isto é, junto à equipe gestora e aos professores, analisando a rotina de trabalho deste profissional na organização dos HTPCs e o Plano de Ação de Trabalho dos Professores Coodernadores. Como aporte teórico, embasou-se em Alarcão (2008), Nóvoa (1992), Placco (2003), Vasconcellos (2006), entre outros. Esse estudo utiliza o método de análise de conteúdo para os dados coletados, através de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas, analise documental do Plano de Trabalho e Plano de Ação dos coordenadores e observações nos HTPCs. Esse estudo possibilitou o maior entendimento de que a formação do professor é um processo inerente ao papel do professor coordenador no espaço do cotidiano escolar, que não se finaliza com a formação inicial; ao contrário, impõe-se como indispensável à formação continua, para que práticas profissionais se tornem a base da formação. Outro aspecto relevante é a ideia de que as HTPCs devem se tornar espaços/lugares formativos, que possibilitam a troca de experiências de saberes que contribuam para o desenvolvimento profissional durante toda a carreira, de modo a contribuir para a constituição da identidade profissional. Como conclusão é pertinente apontarmos que os processos formativos dos professores devem assumir um caráter de recomeço, renovação... This research consisted of a qualitative research in education, with collections of data held in the academic year of 2013, with nine educational coordinators from six different schools in the city of Limeira, in the spaces of HTPCs (schedules Pedagogical Work Collective). The focus of this research is the analysis of the contribution of the role of coordinators in the continuing education of teachers, and the HTPC as a privileged space for it. Given this premise, it was necessary to investigate the dynamics of professional Pedagogical Coordinator in the school context, ie with the management team and teachers, analyzing the routine working in this professional organization of HTPCs and the Action Plan of Work Coordinators teaching. As a theoretical contribution, that embased in Alarcão (2008), Nóvoa (1992), Placco (2003), Vasconcellos (2006), among others. This study uses the method of content analysis to the data collected through a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews, documentary review of the Work Plan and Action Plan Coordinators and observations in HTPCs. This study enabled the greater understanding that teacher education is an inherent part of the pedagogical coordinator within the school routine, that does not finish with the initial formation process; rather, imposes itself as an indispensable training continues so that professional practices become the basis for training. Another relevant aspect is the idea that HTPCs are becoming spaces / training places, which enable the exchange of experiences of knowledge that contribute to the professional development throughout their careers in order to contribute to the formation of professional identity. As a conclusion it is pertinent to point out that the formative processes of teachers should assume the character of a fresh start, renewal, innovation, personal and professional reality, making the practice of pedagogical coordinator a key element in mediating the...

Composting operations are a rich source for prospection of biomass degradation enzymes. We have analyzed the microbiomes of two composting samples collected in a facility inside the São Paulo Zoo Park, in Brazil. All organic waste produced in the park is processed in this facility, at a rate of four tons/day. Total DNA was extracted and sequenced with Roche/454 technology, generating about 3 million reads per sample. To our knowledge this work is the first report of a composting whole-microbial community using high-throughput sequencing and analysis. The phylogenetic profiles of the two microbiomes analyzed are quite different, with a clear dominance of members of the Lactobacillus genus in one of them. We found a general agreement of the distribution of functional categories in the Zoo compost metagenomes compared with seven selected public metagenomes of biomass deconstruction environments, indicating the potential for different bacterial communities to provide alternative mechanisms for the same functional purposes. Our results indicate that biomass degradation in this composting process, including deconstruction of recalcitrant lignocellulose, is fully performed by bacterial enzymes, most likely by members of the Clostridiales and Actinomycetales orders. Published version

Introdução: O PYY é um peptídeo regulador da saciedade produzido pelas células intestinais em resposta à chegada intraluminal de nutrientes. Objetivos: O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de sobrecargas agudas de gorduras saturadas (SAT) e monoinsaturadas (MUFA) na secreção aguda de PYY em ratos Wistar normais e após insulinorresistência induzida por dieta hiperlipídica. Métodos: Em experimento controlado, ratos Wistar foram submetidos a uma dieta altamente gordurosa (HFD) (55% de gordura) por 19 semanas (n=15) ou à dieta normal (GC) pelo mesmo tempo (ração ad libitum) (n=15). Ao final de 14 semanas foi realizado um experimento cross-over onde foi avaliada a resposta secretória de PYY sérico nos tempos basal e 60 minutos após sobrecarga oral lipídica isovolumétrica, por meio de gavagem, ajustadas para o peso, administrada de forma aleatória, em dias diferentes, constituídas por ácidos graxos saturados (SAT-banha de porco) ou monoinsaturados (MUFA-óleo de oliva) ou água (CONT). Diferenças entre médias e grupos foram avaliadas por meio de ANOVA de medidas repetidas e associação por regressão linear simples. Resultados: Em relação ao PYY, no grupo com dieta normal, ambas sobrecargas MUFA e SAT elevaram a resposta secretória de PYY significativamente em relação aos seus respectivos basais: MUFA-Basal 2,18 (± 0,24) vs. MUFA-60min 2,30 (± 0,26) pg/ml e SAT-basal 2,21 (± 0.25) pg/ml vs. SAT- 60min 2,29 (± 0,22) pg/ml ANOVA múltiplas entradas p= 0,019 intragrupos; entretanto, sem diferença entre grupos MUFA e SAT (ANOVA múltiplas entradas entre-grupos p= 0,314). No grupo HFD por outro lado, a sobrecarga SAT reduziu o PYY: SAT-basal 2,16 (± 0.21) pg/ml vs. SAT-60min 2,11 (± 0,30) pg/ml (p= 0,01,intragrupos) enquanto a sobrecarga MUFA manteve o mesmo aumento MUFAbasal 2,15pg/ml vs. MUFA-60min 2,22 (± 0.22) pg/ml. p=0,019 (intragrupos). A administração de água (CONT) também reduziu o PYY em relação ao basal, tanto com na dieta normal (p= 0,0091) como na dieta (HFD) (p= 0,0091), mas sem diferença entre os grupos (p= 0,7433). Conclusão: Em ratos Wistar, as sobrecargas lipídicas, tanto de MUFA como de gordura saturadas, aumentam agudamente a secreção de PYY. Entretanto, em ratos Wistar tornados insulinorresistentes através de uma dieta altamente rica em gordura saturada, a mesma sobrecarga de gordura saturada perde a capacidade de estimular os níveis de PYY, enquanto à resposta ao MUFA segue preservada. Esta resposta paradoxal a gorduras saturadas poderia representar um dano celular causado pela insulinorresistência ao tecido intestinal interferindo no aparato secretor de PYY em resposta a este nutriente. Estudos no tecido intestinal precisam ser realizados para identificar possíveis fatores envolvidos e suas implicações no controle da saciedade pelo PYY em indivíduos insulinorresistentes. Background: PYY is a gut peptide released by L-cells from the intestine after a meal. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute overloads of saturated fatty acids (SAT) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) on PYY release in normal and diet induced insulin resistant wistar rats. Methods: a nineteen weeks experiment was conducted with 30 wistar rats that were allocated into two groups: high fat diet (HFD group) (n=15) with diet composition of 55% of lard and 45% standard chow and control group (CG) (n=15). Both groups received water and food ad libitum. Later a cross-over experiment was conducted to evaluate PYY secretory response 60 minutes after two different lipid overloads (SAT-lard; MUFAolive oil) and water (CONT), adjusted by weight, all isovolumetric and lipids were isocaloric, randomly administered in different days. Mean differences were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and association by simple linear regression. Results: Both MUFA and SAT overloads significantly increased PYY release in the CG in comparison with baselines: MUFA-Baseline 2,18±0,24 vs. MUFA-60min 2,30±0,26pg/ml and SAT-baseline 2,21±0.25pg/ml vs. SAT-60min 2,29±0,22 pg/ml ANOVA multiple entry p=0,019 intra-group, however without difference between MUFA and SAT (ANOVA multiple entry inter-group p=0,314). In the other hand, HFD SAT overload significantly decreased PYY release: SAT-baseline 2,16±0.21 pg/ml vs. SAT-60min 2,11±0,30 pg/ml (p=0,01,intra-group) while MUFA overload was able to keep the increase on PYY release MUFA-baseline 2,15pg/ml vs. MUFA-60min 2,22±0.22 pg/ml. p=0,019 (intra-group). Water overload (CONT) also reduced PYY release in comparison with baseline in both CG (p=0,0091) and HFD (p=0,0091), without difference between them (p= 0,7433). Conclusion: MUFA and SAT overloads increase PYY release after 60 minutes in normal wistar rats. However, when became high fat diet induced insulin resistant the SAT overload looses the capacity to stimulate PYY release, while MUFA response keeps preserved. This paradoxal finding to saturated fatty acids could indicate a cellular damage caused by insulin resistance in the intestinal tissue which compromises PYY secretory apparatus in response to this nutrient. Studies in the intestinal tissue must be conducted in order to identify possible factors involved and its implications in satiety signals PYY mediated in insulin resistance individuals.

The mapping of land use along with the characterization of the farmers in the local context and their perception of the environment around them are presented as a fundamental approach to understanding the consequences of intense expansion of human activities in rural areas. This work presents a diagnosis of uses of land in the region of contribution of Atibainha Reservoir, in Nazaré Paulista city (SP), from the System of Water Supply Cantareira, in order to identify key elements of the regional landscape through the analysis of thematic maps and socioeconomic characterization of the local farmers. The diagnosis of the landscape used tools of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), using the ESRI software Arcmap. It was identified six categories of land use: eucalyptus, F1 forest, forest F2, exposed soil, pasture and abandoned area. The forest F1 classified forests which area in the initial stage of regeneration, with a lot of human influences and forest F2 were classified as a forest in medium stage of regeneration, in a better state of preservation. Image analysis described that almost 43% of the total area around the Atibainha Reservoir are permanent preservation areas (PPAs), and 42% corresponding to the classification of forest F2. This highlights the fact that most areas of PPAs corresponds to the environmental legislation enforce to reservoirs areas, this is until 100 meters of its margins. Found the same scenario have shown a significant proportion of forests, all categories of PPAs had been evaluated without approximately 50% of natural cover and isolation of remaining forest is in the structure of the local landscape, which is due to the incorporation of agricultural activities predominant, as pasture and eucalyptus. While agriculture receives less attention than the importance of forests in the maintenance of natural resources and conservation of biodiversity, the agriculture is in close relationship with the environmental resources, both in the use of these resources, such as landscaping organization that are require when this human activity are present in a region. Meanwhile, interviews with landowners identified that the forest is classified as obstacle to development of economic activities of the establishment, ie the existence of the forest haven t allowed the expansion of agriculture activity. It also addressed the context of the forest in the everyday people. There was no understanding in various aspects of the forest in the daily lives of farmers, largely because it did not identify any environmental benefit of the forest to the rural properties. Therefore, the reduction of environmental problems in the region requires change on many levels, as the organization and collective enforcement. For this part, the agroecology is shown as an alternative to regional agricultural production and the rescue of traditional knowledge which incorporate more environmental and social effective ideas on local agriculture. And still because of the natural features, forest management activities with the ecological restoration, especially in areas of permanent preservation and the involvement and understanding of the needs for the population that lives there becomes a way for effective policies implementation to the change of regional landscape organization. O mapeamento do uso das terras juntamente com a caracterização do agricultor no contexto local e sua percepção do ambiente a sua volta se apresenta como uma abordagem metodológica fundamental para compreender as conseqüências da intensa expansão de atividades antrópicas no meio rural. O contexto apresentado neste trabalho é o entorno do Reservatório do Rio Atibainha, no município de Nazaré Paulista (SP), pertencente ao Sistema Cantareira de Abastecimento de Água por meio de um diagnóstico dos usos da terra na região de contribuição deste reservatório, a fim de identificar os principais elementos da paisagem regional através da análise de mapas temáticos e da caracterização socioeconômica dos agricultores locais. O diagnóstico da paisagem utilizou ferramentas de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), por meio do software ESRI ArcMap. Foram identificadas seis categorias de uso da terra: eucalipto, floresta F1, floresta F2, solo exposto, pastagem e área abandonada. A floresta F1 corresponde à floresta em estágio inicial de regeneração, com maior influência antrópica e a floresta F2 indica uma floresta em estágio médio de regeneração, em melhor estado de conservação. A análise das imagens descreveu que o uso da terra na região se encontra com pouco mais de 43% da área total do entorno do reservatório como áreas de preservação permanente (APPs), sendo 42% correspondente a classificação de floresta F2. Isto evidencia o fato que a maioria corresponde às áreas de APP do reservatório que determina áreas de APP até 100 metros de suas margens. Mesmo o cenário encontrado ter demonstrado uma significativa proporção de florestas, todas as categorias de APPs avaliadas se apresentaram desprovidas de aproximadamente 50% da cobertura natural e o isolamento dos remanescentes florestais foi constante na estrutura da paisagem local, o que se deve à incorporação de atividades agrícolas predominantes, como pastagem e eucalipto. Embora a agricultura receba menor atenção que as florestas na importância da manutenção dos recursos naturais e na conservação da biodiversidade, esta se encontra em estreita relação tanto no uso destes recursos, como na ordenação paisagística que impõe quando presente na região. Entretanto, nas entrevistas realizadas com proprietários rurais identificou-se que a floresta é classificada como empecilho ao desenvolvimento da atividade econômica do estabelecimento, isto é, a existência da floresta impede a expansão da atividade agrícola. Também se abordou a contextualização da floresta no cotidiano destas pessoas. Não houve compreensão em diversos aspectos da relação da floresta no cotidiano das pessoas, pois grande parte não identificou nenhum benefício ambiental das florestais para as propriedades. Portanto, a redução dos problemas ambientais na região exige transformações em vários níveis, como a organização coletiva e o cumprimento da legislação. Por esse lado, a agroecologia se mostra como alternativa à produção agrícola regional e ao resgate do conhecimento tradicional em que se incorporem idéias mais ambientais e de sentido social acerca da agricultura. E ainda favorecido pelas características naturais, o manejo florestal com ações de restauração ecológica, principalmente em áreas de preservação permanente e com o envolvimento e entendimento das necessidades da população ali inserida torna-se uma saída à implementação de políticas públicas efetivas para a mudança na ordenação da paisagem regional.