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Author(s): Elena C. Tore [sup.1] [sup.2] , Evangelia E. Antoniou [sup.1] , Renate H. M. de Groot [sup.3] [sup.4] , Marij Gielen [sup.4] , Roger W. L. Godschalk [sup.5] , [...], Objectives Maternal pre-pregnancy weight is known to affect foetal development. However, it has not yet been clarified if gestational weight gain is associated with childhood behavioural development. Methods We performed a pooled analysis of two prospective birth cohorts to investigate the association between gestational weight gain and childhood problem behaviours, and the effect modification of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. In total, 378 mother-child pairs from the Maastricht Essential Fatty Acids Birth cohort (MEFAB) and 414 pairs from the Rhea Mother-Child cohort were followed up from early pregnancy to 6-7 years post-partum. At follow up, parents assessed their children's behaviour, measured as total problems, internalizing and externalizing behaviours, with the Child Behaviour Checklist. We computed cohort- and subject-specific gestational weight gain trajectories using mixed-effect linear regression models. Fractional polynomial regressions, stratified by maternal pre-pregnancy BMI status, were then used to examine the association between gestational weight gain and childhood problem behaviours. Results In the pre-pregnancy overweight/obese group, greater gestational weight gain was associated with higher problem behaviours. On average, children of women with overweight/obesity who gained 0.5 kg/week scored 25 points higher (on a 0-100 scale) in total problems and internalizing behaviours, and about 18 points higher in externalizing behaviours than children whose mothers gained 0.2 kg/week. Inconsistent results were found in the pre-pregnancy normal weight group. Conclusions for Practice Excessive gestational weight gain in women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity might increase problem behaviours in school-age children. Particular attention should be granted to avoid excessive weight gain in women with a pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity.

Summary: Introduction: Multiple factors are related to lower weight loss after bariatric surgery. This review and meta‐analysis evaluates the influence of several mental and behavioral factors on weight loss. Method: Six electronic databases were searched. Percentage excess weight loss (%EWL) was calculated for all moderator and non‐moderator groups of the variables: symptoms of depression, anxiety and binge eating, compliance, physical activity, quality of life, and body image. All moderators, surgery types, and follow‐up moments were analyzed separately. Results: In total, 75 articles were included in the review; 12 meta‐analyses were conducted. Higher postoperative compliance to follow‐up was associated with 6.86%–13.68% higher EWL. Preoperative binge eating was related to more weight loss at 24‐ and 36‐month follow‐up (7.97% and 11.79%EWL, respectively). Patients with postoperative binge eating symptoms had an 11.92% lower EWL. Patients with preoperative depressive symptoms lost equal weight compared to patients without symptoms. Conclusion: Despite the high heterogeneity between studies, a trend emerges suggesting that the presence of postoperative binge eating symptoms and lower postoperative compliance may be associated with less weight loss after bariatric‐metabolic surgery. Additionally, preoperative depressive symptoms and binge eating do not seem to significantly impact weight loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: 1,3-Butadiene (BD) exposure's link to leukemia is under regulatory scrutiny. The assessment methods for BD exposure risks have evolved from early animal and limited human studies to advanced exposure-response modelling with comprehensive quantitative data. The objective of this study is to explore the nuances of exposure-response modelling, investigating how various statistical methods have influenced the quantification of exposure-response relationships. Material and Methods: Although this study was not conducted as a formal systematic review, a search was performed in Medline/Pubmed to identify all human studies on leukemia risk assessment for BD exposure. This search included articles written in English. The electronic search spanned from inception of records until July 23, 2023, using the search term: "butadiene AND (leukaemia OR leukemia OR myeloid OR lymphoid)" and was restricted to human species. Focusing on the synthetic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) industry cohort study conducted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA, this review evaluates various statistical models and factors influencing exposure-response modelling. Results: Peak exposures to BD may be more influential in the dose-response relationship than cumulative or long-term exposure. The authors recommend utilizing β-coefficients derived from the latest SBR study update, employing Cox proportional hazard modelling, non-lagged and non-transformed cumulative BD exposure, and adjusting for age and peak BD exposure. The study reveals that statistical model selection has a limited impact on the calculated dose-response effects. The significant variation in estimated cancer mortality values arises from additional assumptions needed for metrics like the excess leukemia risk or the occupational BD effective concentration. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides insights into exposure-response modelling for BD exposure and leukemia mortality, highlighting the importance of peak exposures. The recommended statistical approach offers a reliable basis for regulatory risk assessment and public health population metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]