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The aim of the current study was to explore the relationships between fat mass and composite indices of femoral neck strength ((compressive strength index (CSI), bending strength index (BSI) and impact strength index (ISI)) in a group of elderly Lebanese subjects. 59 elderly women and 39 elderly men whose ages range between 60 and 85 years participated in this study. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body composition and femoral neck bone mineral density were measured by DXA. Handgrip strength was measured by a hand dynamometer. In women, fat mass was negatively correlated to CSI and ISI. In men, fat mass was negatively correlated to CSI, BSI and ISI. The negative correlations between fat mass and composite indices of femoral neck strength remained significant after controlling for age. In conclusion, the current study suggests that fat mass is a negative determinant of composite indices of femoral neck strength in elderly Lebanese subjects. Implementing strategies to reduce fat mass excess seems important to prevent osteoporotic fractures in elderly subjects.

The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and geometric indices of hip bone strength among 3 groups of adult obese premenopausal women (severely obese, morbidly obese, and super morbidly obese). This study included 65 young adult premenopausal women whose body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2. They were divided into 3 groups using international cut-offs for BMI. Body composition and bone variables were measured by DXA. DXA measurements were completed for the whole body (WB), lumbar spine, total hip (TH), and femoral neck (FN). Geometric indices of FN strength (cross-sectional area, cross-sectional moment of inertia [CSMI], section modulus [Z], strength index [SI], and buckling ratio) were calculated by DXA. Results showed that age and height were not significantly different among the 3 groups. WB BMC values were higher in super morbidly obese women compared to severely and morbidly obese women. WB BMD, L1-L4 BMD, total hip BMD, FN BMD, cross-sectional area, CSMI, Z, and buckling ratio values were not significantly different among the 3 groups. SI values were lower in super morbidly obese compared to morbidly and severely obese women. In the whole population (n = 65), body weight, BMI, lean mass, fat mass, and trunk fat mass were positively correlated to WB BMC and negatively correlated to SI. Weight and lean mass were positively correlated to WB BMD and CSMI. Our findings suggest that the severity of obesity does not influence BMD values in premenopausal women.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between vertical jump and composite indices of femoral neck strength (Compression strength index (CSI), bending strength index (BSI) and impact strength index (ISI)) in a group of young women. 206 young women (18 to 35 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body composition, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) were determined for each individual by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Composite indices of femoral neck strength (CSI, BSI and ISI) were calculated. Vertical jump was evaluated using a validated field test (Sargent test), and maximum power (P max, in watts) of the lower limbs was calculated accordingly. Vertical jump was positively correlated to CSI (r = 0.36; p < 0.001), BSI (r = 0.30; p < 0.001) and ISI (r = 0.33; p < 0.001). After adjusting for weight, vertical jump remained positively correlated to CSI (p = 0.026). The correlations between vertical jump and bone variables disappeared after adjusting for fat mass. The current study suggests that vertical jump is a positive determinant of composite indices of femoral neck strength in young women.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between limb muscular strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of elderly subjects with low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI).55 elderly Lebanese subjects (35 women and 20 men) participated in the current study. Handgrip, one-repetition maximum (1-RM) dumbbell curl (1-RM biceps), 1-RM lying one arm triceps (1-RM triceps), 1-RM calf raise, 1-RM leg extension and 1-RM leg curl were evaluated using validated methods.In both genders, 1-RM biceps, 1-RM triceps, 1-RM leg extension and 1-RM leg curl were positively correlated to total hip BMD. The current study shows that limb muscular strength is positively correlated to hip BMD in elderly subjects with low SMI. This may have clinical implications in the field of osteoporosis prevention in elderly subjects with low SMI.

The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) and geometric indices of hip bone strength in a group of obese sarcopenic premenopausal women (n = 27) and a group of obese premenopausal women with normal appendicular lean mass (ALM)/body mass index ratio (BMI) (n = 26). The ALM/BMI criterion of The Foundation for the National Institute of Health was used; women with an ALM/BMI ratio

Background The current study’s purpose is to compare hip structural analysis variables in a group of postmenopausal women with sarcopenia and another group of postmenopausal women with normal skeletal muscle mass index. To do so, the current study included 8 postmenopausal women (whose ages ranged between 65 and 84 years) with sarcopenia and 60 age-matched controls (with normal skeletal muscle mass index (SMI)). Body composition and bone parameters were evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results Weight, lean mass, body mass index, femoral neck cross-sectional area (FN CSA), FN section modulus (Z), FN cross sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), intertrochanteric (IT) CSA, IT Z, IT CSMI, IT cortical thickness (CT), femoral shaft (FS) CSA, FS Z and FS CSMI were significantly greater (p Conclusion The current study suggests that sarcopenia has a negative effect on hip bone strength indices in postmenopausal women.

International audience; Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength. The aim of the current study was to explore the influence of sarcopenia on bone health parameters in a group of elderly Lebanese men. To do so, we compared bone health parameters (Bone Mineral Content (BMC), Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and femoral neck geometry indices) in a group of elderly men with sarcopenia and a group of elderly men with normal Skeletal Muscle mass Index (SMI). 23 sarcopenic men (SMI < 7 kg/m 2) and 23 men with normal SMI (>7 kg/m 2) participated in our study. Body composition and bone variables were measured by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). DXA measurements were completed for the Whole Body (WB), Lumbar spine (L1-L4), Total Hip (TH) and Femoral Neck (FN). Hip geometry parameters including Cross-Sectional Area (CSA), Cross-Sectional Moment of Inertia (CSMI), section modulus (Z), Strength Index (SI) and Buckling Ratio (BR) were derived by DXA. Age and height were not significantly different between the two groups. Weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), lean mass, fat mass, appendicular lean mass, SMI, WB BMC, TH BMD, FN BMD, CSA, CSMI and Z were significantly higher in non-sarcopenic men compared to sarcopenic men. In the whole population , lean mass was the strongest determinant of bone health parameters. After adjusting for lean mass, there were no significant differences regarding bone health parameters between the two groups. In conclusion, the present study suggests that sarcopenia negatively influences bone health parameters in elderly Lebanese men.

International audience; The aim of the current study was to explore the relationships between lower limb muscular power and bone variables (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), hip geometry indices and trabecular bone score (TBS)) in a group of young Lebanese adults. 29 young Lebanese men and 31 young Lebanese women whose ages range between 18 and 32 years participated in this study. Body weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body composition and bone variables were measured by DXA. DXA measurements were completed for the whole body (WB), lumbar spine (L2–L4), total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN). Hip geometry parameters including cross-sectional area (CSA), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), section modulus (Z), strength index (SI) and buckling ratio (BR) were derived by DXA. Trabecular bone score was also derived by DXA. Horizontal jump (HJ), vertical jump, vertical jump maximum power, force-velocity maximum power and 20-m sprint performance were measured or calculated by using validated fitness tests. In men, fat mass percentage was negatively correlated to TH BMD, FN BMD, CSA, CSMI, Z and SI. In women, weight, BMI, lean mass and fat mass were positively correlated to WB BMC, CSMI and Z. Regarding physical performance variables, horizontal jump performance and force-velocity maximal power were positively correlated to TH BMD, FN BMD, CSA and Z in men. Vertical jump maximal power was positively correlated to WB BMC in women. 20-m sprint performance was negatively correlated to FN BMD, CSA, Z and SI in men. In conclusion, the current study suggests that force-velocity maximum power is a positive determinant of BMD and hip geometry indices in men but not in women.

PurposeAlthough the relationship between body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) is well established, the relative contribution of appendicular lean mass (ALM) and fat mass (FM) to BMD has been rarely evaluated in young men.MethodsWe assessed 100 young men (age: 24.4±2.8 years, BMI: 23.4±2.81 kg/m2). Appendicular lean mass index (ALM/H2) (ALMI), fat mass index (FM/ H2) (FMI), percentage of body fat, BMD at lumbar spine (LS), total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN) and whole body (WB) were measured using DXA. Muscle strength was evaluated by handgrip strength. Pearson's correlations and interactions between all variables were assessed using stepwise regression analyses.ResultsALM index (ALMI) was positively correlated with BMD at all sites (r = 0.62 for WB pConclusionsOur data suggest that BMD was positively associated with ALMI while negatively with FMI. We confirm that ALMI is the strongest factor associated with BMD in a population of young men.