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O objetivo dessa pesquisa é mapear empresas e institutos de pesquisas do Estado do Amazonas que utilizam métodos produtivos da biotecnologia industrial. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa com enfoque exploratório e descritivo. O estudo visa contribuir para a produção de novos conhecimentos e informações relevantes e originais. Sua relevância tanto será para ampliar o acervo de conhecimento científico sobre o assunto quanto para o desenvolvimento da Biotecnologia Industrial no Estado do Amazonas. Foram feitos mapeamento das empresas e institutos de pesquisas no Estado do Amazonas, através de pesquisa no banco de dados da Econodata, site da Receita Federal, site do Sebrae, site do Ministério da Agricultura e Desenvolvimento e site do Mapa Profissão Biotech. Os resultados apontaram que no Estado do Amazonas existem 40 empresas e 4 institutos de pesquisas, sendo que a sua maioria são constituidas de micro empresas. A partir dos dados coletados, analisou-se os desenvolvimento da biotecnologia Industrial, fase e seus avanços baseados nesse conceito. Não foram observadas nenhuma empresa de grande porte ou multinacional.

The application of lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcements in composite materials has found increasing use in recent years, due to the attractive characteristics of natural fibers such as their low cost, high specific modulus, biodegradability, abundance and with many technical qualities. Natural fiber hybrid composites are very frequently used in automotive aerospace and other industries. In this work, numerical and experimental analysis is carried out to compare curauá, jute and sisal fibers in epoxy composites for use in industry. The most appropriate hybridization effect by establishing the amounts of each fiber on the mechanical properties was considered. Finite Element Models were designed and validated through mechanical tests. The number of Finite Element models and specimens performed was determined through the design of experiments using the Taguchi Method and then the results were statistically validated. Higher strength was obtained in composites made with curauá fiber, followed by jute and sisal fibers. Such behavior was achieved by FEM and experimental tests, revealing an increase in tensile strength by increasing the amount of fibers up to 35% in total. Higher strength was achieved when the composite was made with curauá (20 wt.%), jute (10 wt.%) and sisal (5 wt.%) fibers. The results show a good agreement between the FEM and the experimental tests. Furthermore, the results of the present study were compared with those obtained previously mentioned in the open literature.

Nas organizações atuais, a comunicação através dos processos de planejamento, gerenciamento e controle, aliada ao engajamento das partes interessadas, cumprem um importantíssimo papel na busca pelo êxito dos projetos. O gerente, no exercício de suas atividades, torna-se uma das peças chaves para a aplicação das boas práticas nessa área, e enfrenta diretamente os desafios tão complexos que envolvem estes dois campos do conhecimento. Este artigo, embasado pelo PMBoK/PMI dentre outros autores da área, sugere alguns procedimentos que corroboram com as atividades do gestor de projetos, quanto a mitigação de riscos em comunicação, bem como a maximização do engajamento por parte dos stakeholders, no intuito único de ter o projeto finalizado conforme incialmente planejado. Conclui-se portanto, que um plano de comunicação bem elaborado, alinhado em atender as expectativas das partes interessadas ao máximo possível, tem muitos pontos positivos à oferecer ao gestor de projetos, e principalmente aos stakeholders, uma vez que eles são uns dos players mais interessados nas entregas ao que o projeto se propõe.

Un turbocompresor es un sistema de inducción forzada de aire para mejorar el rendimiento de la combustión del motor. En los turbocompresores de los motores Himsen Hyundai 9H 21/32 de Grupo Electrógeno, en el lado de la entrada de los gases de escape, cada 75-100 horas de operación, se lleva a cabo un procedimiento de limpieza con agua a temperatura ambiente, mientras que los gases de escape a la entrada del turbo poseen temperaturas de 350-380°C que pueden llegar hasta 450°C, es decir, se produce un choque térmico en la superficie de la carcasa. Como consecuencia han aparecido grietas. Las carcasas tienen un alto costo en el mercado internacional, el cual puede superar los 7,800.00 USD. Las grietas se forman en períodos de tiempo relativamente cortos, representando esto una afectación económica notable. El objetivo final de este trabajo es detener el crecimiento de las grietas, cuyo tamaño es regulado por el fabricante, con el propósito de alargar la vida útil de las carcasas. Como principal resultado de esta investigación se obtiene el comportamiento térmico de la carcasa debido a las cargas a que es sometida por los gases de escape y por el agua de lavado cuando se produce el choque térmico durante el procedimiento de limpieza.

Composites with natural lignocellulosic fillers are being cited as a viable and sustainable alternative to conventional materials, as they combine lower costs with lower weight. In many tropical countries, such as Brazil, there is a considerable amount of lignocellulosic waste that is improperly discarded, which causes pollution of the environment. The Amazon region has huge deposits of clay silicate materials in the Negro River basin, such as kaolin, which can be used as fillers in polymeric composite materials. This work investigates a new composite material (ETK) made of epoxy resin (ER), powdered tucumã endocarp (PTE), and kaolin (K), without coupling agents, with the aim of producing a composite with lower environmental impact. The ETK samples, totaling 25 different compositions, were prepared by cold molding. Characterizations of the samples were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). In addition, the mechanical properties were determined via tensile, compressive, three-point flexural and impact tests. The FTIR and SEM results showed an interaction between ER, PTE, and K, and the incorporation of PTE and K reduced the mechanical properties of the ETK samples. Nonetheless, these composites can be considered potential materials to be used for sustainable engineering applications in which high mechanical strength is not a main requirement of the material.

Hoje no mundo observa-se uma corrida na busca por materiais oriundos de fontes renováveis. O uso de fibras vegetais reforçando polímeros, por exemplo, representa uma alternativa na substituição de fibras de vidro ou de carbono em compósitos. O curauá é uma planta legitimamente brasileira, de fácil cultivo e processamento, que produz fibras de ótimo desempenho mecânico. Neste trabalho é feita uma avaliação de compósitos de matriz de resina epóxi e fibras vegetais, cuja fibra é extraída das folhas de uma planta da região amazônica chamada curauá (Ananas erectifolius). O objetivo do trabalho é estudar o comportamento mecânico em tração de compósitos poliméricos de matriz epóxi reforçados com fibras contínuas e alinhadas de curauá. As fibras de curauá foram separadas e foi definido um processo simples para a limpeza (lavagem e secagem), separação por grupos e o corte das fibras in natura. Compósitos de matriz de resina epóxi e fibras vegetais curauá foram moldados em diferentes grupos com diferentes porcentagens de fibras em relação ao compósito. Depois disso, as placas com resina e fibra foram cortadas com um laser, segundo as dimensões definidas pela norma D638, produzindo os corpos de prova que seriam usados nos ensaios mecânicos de tração. Posterior aos ensaios mecânicos corpos de prova foram avaliados no Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura (MEV) após a ruptura. Como resultado deste trabalho, é possível concluir que o uso das fibras, mesmo sem tratamento químico, é satisfatório afinal com apenas 30% de fibras é possível, praticamente, duplicar a resistência do material que saiu de aproximadamente 34 MPa (resina pura) para aproximadamente 65 MPa. As aplicações desses compósitos com a fibra amazônica curauá podem substituir, em vários casos, os compósitos de fibras sintéticas, proporcionando um menor impacto ao meio ambiente, ajudando na sustentabilidade e podendo até gerar novas fontes de emprego para as populações mais pobres da Amazônia.

Por causa da intensificação de parcerias entre Instituição Científica, Tecnológica e de Inovação (ICT) e empresas, por meio dos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NIT), surge a necessidade de estabelecimento de mecanismos institucionais que respondam por essa interação. Nesse sentido, foram analisados os processos relacionados à área de transferência de tecnologia da Coordenação de Extensão Tecnológica e Inovação (COETI), na qual, a partir do fluxo do processo adotado, foi possível identificar as principais lacunas, os gargalos e as dificuldades encontradas, em especial, no processo de transferência de tecnologia para o setor produtivo. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica desenvolvida com base em materiais publicados em revistas e em periódicos relacionados ao tema da pesquisa, também foram coletadas informações por meio de investigação documental realizada em registros junto ao NIT. A partir desse levantamento, foi possível realizar a proposição de novas práticas nos processos visando à transferência de tecnologia, bem como subsidiar as estratégias institucionais da COETI.

The application of lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcements in composite materials has found increasing use in recent years, due to the attractive characteristics of natural fibers such as their low cost, high specific modulus, biodegradable, abundant and with many technical qualities. Natural fiber hybrid composites are very frequently used in the automotive industry. In this work, a computational and experimental analysis is carried out with the objective of comparing curauá fibers, jute and sisal fibers used in epoxy resin matrix composites for use in industry, determining the most appropriate hybridization effect by establishing the proportions and amounts of each fiber in a hybrid composite with better mechanical properties. To carry out the research, the Finite Element Method was first used, performing several models with different amounts of fibers which were later validated with mechanical tests. The number of Finite Element models and specimens performed was determined through the design of experiments using the Taguchi Method. As a result of the work, a greater strength of the hybrid composites made with greater amount of curauá fiber (20%), jute (10%) and lesser of Sisal fiber (5%) was obtained, both in the results obtained by the Finite Element Method and in the mechanical tests., Cite as: Garcia del Pino G. et al "Investigation on the mechanical property behaviour of the hybrid composites from natural Amazonian fibres by numerical and experimental method" in proceedings of 6th Brazilian Conference on Composite Materials (Part of ISSN 2316-1337). Organised and Edited by R.J. da Silva and T.H. Panzera, 2022, pp 387 - 392, DOI: doi.org/10.29327/566492.

El cálculo de las estructuras de soporte para señalizaciones viales se realiza mediante la norma AASHTO con la cual se realiza fundamentalmente el chequeo a Fatiga, pero con ella no se llegan a conocer las tensiones von Mises, las tensiones tangenciales ni los desplazamientos en cualquier punto de la estructura. En el presente trabajo se determinan las cargas actuantes, así como sus combinaciones más críticas para el análisis. Se realiza el cálculo analítico a través de los métodos y las normas establecidas para ello y se confecciona un modelo de elementos finitos cuya simulación numérica complementa los resultados obtenidos por las normas. The calculation of the support structures for highway signs is carried out by means of the AASHTO standard, with which the Fatigue check is fundamentally carried out, but with it the von Mises stress, the tangential stress and the displacements at any point of the structure are not known. In the present work, the acting loads are determined, as well as their most critical combinations for the analysis. The analytical calculation is performed through the methods and standards established for it and a finite element model is created whose numerical simulation complements the results obtained by the standards.

O mercado automobilístico vem intensificando a criação e a aplicação de novas tecnologias veiculares. Nesse sentindo, entre os elementos que sofreram notável evolução, destacam-se as transmissões automotivas, que são objetos fundamentais na dinâmica veicular, pois contribuem para o deslocamento do automóvel e, além disso, são ofertadas no mercado nas mais diversas variações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar uma análise técnica comparativa entre os principais modelos de transmissões presentes no mercado: automática e manual. Primeiramente, foi realizada uma comparação em relação à parte mecânica estudando os principais cálculos associados ao desempenho de modelos equipados com esses mecanismos e foi realizada uma análise econômica. Os resultados mostram um relacionamento de aspectos que englobam desempenho, manutenção e consumo entre esses componentes com bons resultados. The automobile market has been intensifying the creation and application of new vehicle technologies. In this sense, among the elements that have undergone notable evolution, automotive transmissions stand out, which are fundamental objects in vehicle dynamics, as they contribute to the displacement of the automobile and, in addition, are offered in the market in the most diverse variations. The objective of this work was to elaborate a comparative technical analysis between the main transmission models present in the market: automatic and manual. First, a comparison in relation to the mechanical part was carried out, studying the main calculations associated with the performance of models equipped with these mechanisms, and an economic analysis was carried out. The results show a relationship of aspects that encompass performance, maintenance and consumption between these components with good results.

Natural fibre-based composites have been investigated as a viable ecological alternative to conventional materials, combining low-cost and sustainable features to engineering products. In tropical countries, such as Brazil, there are many lignocellulosic residues that are discarded in nature, polluting the environment, such as the Tucuma fruit, which generates about 50 tonnes/month of solid waste only in the city of Manaus (State of Amazonas). This work investigates a novel wood-plastic composite (WPC) made from recycled polypropylene (PP) and Tucuma endocarp powder (TEP) without coupling agents that encompasses social and environmental issues. WPCs are composed of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt% of TEP combined with PP by injection moulding, being characterised by SEM, FTIR, flammability, water absorption, ageing, tensile, compressive, three-point bending, impact and scratch tests. TEP does not react to the matrix phase, presenting 49.4 % and 37.4 % of cellulose and lignin, respectively. In general, the incorporation of TEP not only increases the elastic modulus and the dynamic friction coefficient, but also reduces the strength and the burning rate of WPCs. WPC preserves its physical integrity after ageing, absorbing up to 1.6 % of water. Composites made with 20 wt% of TEP can be considered promising materials to be used as wood plastic for sustainable engineering applications.

In the Metal Market, it has been important to understand the structure of steels, so that it is possible to develop new cutting materials at lower costs and more resistant to high temperatures and wear. This is possible by raising the mechanical strength for solid solution in fast steels, ie, addition of alloying elements to the steel in its solid state, the alloys fundamental to this process were: cobalt, manganese, silicon, tungsten and vanadium. Among the thermal treatments, tempering and quenching were used to raise the degree of hardness and strength of the steel. The samples studied were high speed steels HS6-5-3, HS6-5-3-5, K190 e K390. Hardness and metallographic tests were carried out on the samples and with the results generated, it was possible to draw a comparison and understand which alloying elements provide the least oxidation, corrosion and greater impact strength of fast steel.

This work evaluates an epoxy composite reinforced with curauá fibres and/or organophilic clay. Epoxy polymers reinforced with nano-clays are also assessed. Composites are manufactured by cold pressing using fibres in pristine and treated conditions. Three levels of the factors NaOH solution (2.5, 5 and 10%) and immersion time (2, 4 and 10 hours) are investigated. Nano-clays are incorporated at the levels of 2.5, 5 and 10 wt.%. The morphology and crystallinity of the treated fibres are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Tensile, three-point bending and impact tests are performed to characterise the composites. Tensile strength, flexural strength and impact resistance are increased by 24%, 44% and 47%, respectively, when compared to untreated fibre composites. The highest tensile and flexural strengths are achieved by hybrid composites containing 5 wt.% of nano-clay and 20 wt.% of curauá fibres treated with 5% NaOH for 4 hours. In contrast, the highest tensile modulus is achieved when hybrid composites are made from untreated fibres and 10 wt.% of nanoparticles. The highest impact resistance is obtained by curauá composites, without particles, composed of fibres treated with 5% NaOH for 4 hours. The inclusion of nano-clay leads to reduced impact resistance values.

This article aims to bring an alternative to carrying out manual tests of devices mounted on a production line. One of the tests done by the operator is to find out if the LEDs are present on the device being turned on and working correctly. Image processing techniques were applied in the elaboration of the dataset and the use of Convolutional Neural Networks for the classification of the colors presented by the LEDs and the recognition of their operation. An accuracy of 99.25% was obtained with a low percentage of false positives and true negatives. There were no difficulties in porting the model built to a small computer.

This work investigates a hybrid polyester composite consisted of Curaua natural fibres and organophilic clay nanoparticles. A Taguchi method is used to identify the effects of fibre fraction (10, 20 and 30 wt%), alkaline treatment concentration (NaOH, 2.5, 5 and 10 wt%), treatment time (2, 4 and 8 h) and nanoparticle content (2.5, 5 and 10 wt%) on the mechanical behaviour of the hybrid composites under tension and three-point bending. X-ray, FTIR and microstructural analysis are performed to assess the treated and untreated fibre surfaces. The optimum combination of the process parameters for the tensile and flexural properties is: fibre content at 30 wt%, NaOH concentration at 5 wt%, treatment time at 8 h and nanoclay inclusions at 5 wt%. A mean tensile and flexural strength of 36.13 MPa and 32.55 MPa are obtained, which represents percent increases of 39.22 % and 25.43 % compared to the polyester polymer in pristine condition.

Natural fibres have many advantages over synthetic ones, making them attractive for reinforcing polymer materials. This work evaluates the use of an Amazonian plant, namely Curauá (Ananas erectifolius), as a reinforcement phase of biocomposites fabricated by cold pressing. Curauá fibres have been shown to be a promising fibre for composite materials, especially due to their higher elastic modulus than other plant species. An L9 Taguchi design is used to investigate the effect of fibre fraction, NaOH concentration and immersion time on the tensile properties of biocomposites. Statistical models are able of predicting and revealing the optimal composition of the biocomposites. The tensile strength of Curauá biocomposites is significantly affected by the fibre fraction, followed by the factors of immersion time and NaOH concentration. High tensile strength is obtained by adding 25 wt.% of Curauá fibres treated under different conditions. There is an interaction between NaOH concentration and the immersion time; a higher concentration requires less time or vice versa to achieve ideal roughness, promoting strong fibre/matrix adhesion.

No trabalho foi feito um estudo teórico e experimental da aplicabilidade de dois tipos de aços ferramentas para obter o melhor resultado no forjamento a quente da mesa inferior da motocicleta que é uma peça de aço resistente. Os dois materiais pesquisados foram o aço ferramenta SAE H13 e o aço SSAB Toolox 44. Como resultado do trabalho foi constatado que o aço Toolox 44 teve melhor rendimento na aplicação em matrizes de forjamento a quente tendo uma melhoria de processo dado por melhor vida útil da matriz de forjamento e maior qualidade da peça forjada.

Vegetable fibers have good mechanical properties, low density, no toxicity, are renewable and have low cost among other properties. The use of lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcement in polymeric composite materials in substitution of synthetic fibers is in the direction of sustainability. In the current investigation, an evaluation of biocomposite materials elaborated using curaua fibers as reinforcement in an epoxy resin is carried out. The objective of this work is to highlight the influence of the quantity of fiber and the interaction between the fibers and the resin with different chemical treatments looking for a greater adhesiveness of the fibers in the matrix leading to an increase of the composite tensile properties. The treatments with NaOH consist of varying the concentration and the fiber immersions time in the solutions. Steel molds were used to manufacture the test bodies with dimensions according to the standards for mechanical tensile tests. A Taguchi design of experiment is used to identify the effects of fiber fraction, alkaline treatment concentration and treatment time. The data obtained were statistically evaluated, obtaining good results for Curaua fiber compounds, which may in the future replace glass fiber.