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(1) Background: Cervical cancer, caused mainly by high-risk Human Papillomavirus (hrHPV), is a significant global health issue. While a Pap smear remains a reliable method for early detection, identifying new biomarkers to stratify the risk is crucial. For this purpose, extensive research has been conducted on detecting DNA methylation. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the expression levels of EIF4G3 and SF3B1 in precursor lesions and cervical tumor tissues through qRT-PCR and evaluate the methylation status of their promoters through bisulfite conversion. (3) Results: Both genes showed similar mRNA expression patterns, with the highest levels observed in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) samples (p < 0.0001). Additionally, methylation analysis indicated increased percentages in the control group for both factors. Notably, the expression levels of both genes were inversely correlated with promoter methylation (EIF4G3—p = 0.0016; SF3B1—p < 0.0001). (4) Conclusions: Regarding the methylation pattern for both genes, we observe a decreasing trend from NILM to SCC patients. Therefore, we concluded that the decrease in methylation at the promoter level for both genes could be an indicator of abnormal cytology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BCR::ABL1‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal haematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by specific driver mutations and an increased risk of both macrothrombosis and microthrombosis. Serotonin receptor type 1B (HTR1B) was found to be expressed by various solid tumours, and also primary bone marrow mononuclear cells from myelodysplastic neoplasm and acute myeloid leukaemia patients, representing a potential therapeutic target. In this study we assessed for the first time the expression levels of HTR1B mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 85 newly diagnosed MPN patients, consisting of 28 polycythemia vera, 25 essential thrombocythemia and 32 primary myelofibrosis cases. Levels of HTR1B expression between MPN subtypes and control group were not significantly different. However, at clinical data examination, it was observed that MPN patients with a recent history of major thrombosis and/or signs of impaired microcirculation exhibited significantly higher HTR1B expression levels compared to non‐thrombotic MPNs and control group. Moreover, thrombotic MPN patients had significantly higher HTR1B expression than patients with recent thrombosis and absence of MPN diagnostic criteria. These findings suggest that increased levels of HTR1B expression in PBMC might be associated with thrombosis in MPN patients, but larger studies are needed for confirmation, including testing of the receptor protein expression level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducere. În ultimele decenii, pe plan naţional şi mondial se observă o creştere continuă a incidenței tumorilor cutanate, cu apariția acestora la vârste tot mai tinere. Unul dintre factorii etiopatogenici carcinogeni implicaţi în procesul de carcinogeneză cutanată ar putea fi infecţia cu anumite genotipuri de papilomavirusuri umane (HPV). Scopul cercetării. În studiul nostru am analizat pozitivitatea α -HPV şi genotipurile HPV în tumorile melanocitare și non-melanocitare. Rezultatele obţinute au fost comparate cu pozitivitatea α-HPV la lotul martor. Material şi metodă. În studiu nostru au fost incluse 40 de cazuri de tumori cutanate melanocitare (TCM) şi nonmelanocitare (TCNM) aflate în evidența oncologică a spitalului nostru şi 40 de pacienţi sănătoşi. În toate cazurile am realizat identificarea acidului dezoxiribonucleic (ADN) al HPV prin PCR și genotiparea virală utilizând primeri α-HPV, cu kitul Linear Array Roche. Rezultate. Pozitivitatea medie a α-HPV la nivel tumoral a fost de 32.50%, fiind superioară studiilor publicate până în prezent. Din lotul tumoral, carcinoamele spinocelulare (CSC) au avut pozitivitatea α-HPV cea mai mare (40%), fiind urmate de carcinoame bazocelulare (CBC) (35%) şi melanoame maligne (MM) (20%). Analiza comparativă a tumorilor cutanate HPV pozitive cu lotul martor HPV pozitiv a relevat o pozitivitate mai mare a tumorilor HPV pozitive (32.50%) comparativ cu lotul martor - HPV pozitiv (15%), raportul fiind de 2.16. Prin genotipare virală am identificat HPV cu risc oncogen înalt în CBC şi MM (în toate probele α-HPV pozitive), dar nu şi în probele de CSC. Concluzii. În studiul nostru, pozitivitatea α-HPV în TCNM şi TCM a fost de 32.50% iar identificarea genotipurilor HPV a fost posibilă la 46.15% dintre acestea. Genotipurile HPV cu risc oncogen înalt identificate la aceşti pacienţi au fost HPV 16, 35, 58 şi 59.

HER2 gene, located in chromosome 17q12–q21, encodes a transmembrane protein of 185 kDa with tyrosine kinase activity and an important role in tumorigenesis. The presence of the Ile655Val polymorphism identified in transmembrane domain of the HER2 protein was observed in tumors with different locations. Previous studies have shown that changing the existing isoleucine (Ile) to valine (Val) at codon 655 of the HER2 gene causes an intensification of dimerization, autophosphorylation of the HER2 receptor, as well as tyrosine kinase activity, which influences cell growth and tumor proliferation. The aim of this study was to assess the HER2 codon 655 polymorphism related to tumor cells proliferation in urinary bladder cancer. Tumors obtained from patients with bladder cancer were analyzed by PCR-RFLP for the presence of polymorphism at codon 655 of the HER2 gene. The expression of HER2 and pHER2 proteins was determined immunohistochemically. The DNA content, from the tumor cells, was analyzed by flow cytometry for cell cycle phases and DNA ploidy. HER2 heterozygous genotype was dominant in carcinomas with co-expression of HER2 and pHER2. The tumors HER2 and pHER2 positive from Ile/Val genotype group had a higher level of S-phase fraction than those from Ile/Ile genotype group. The S-phase fraction was also elevated in heterozygous than homozygous tumor in patients with lymph node metastases. The HER2 heterozygous cases were aneuploid predominantly. The presence of Ile/Val genotype in bladder carcinoma seems to be associated with a high proliferation. These results may suggest that HER2 codon 655 polymorphism can be used in the evaluation of disease progression in bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer, the fourth leading cause of cancer-associated deaths among women worldwide, is associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Despite the prophylactic HPV vaccination and the implementation of cervical and HPV-based screening programs, a significant increase in cervical cancer incidence is estimated by the year 2020. Thus, further development of diagnostic tools that allow detection and risk assesment in genital HPV infection is necessary. A special interest is focused on the HPV viral proteins whose expression might be of use either as primary screening tool or in conjunction with other markers (cellular proteins, HPV DNA, PAP test). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study aimed to investigate the influence of antiretroviral therapy on methylation markers, in a group of HIV infected, heavily treated patients. Immune and molecular methods were used to investigate potential changes in methylation profile in DNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from antiretroviral-experienced HIV infected patients and healthy controls. The percentage of 5-methylcytosine was inversely correlated with proviral DNA and active replication while DNMT1 (p = 0.01) and DNMT3A (p = 0.004) independently correlated with active viral replication. DNMT3A expression increased with total treatment duration (p = 0.03), number of antiretroviral drugs ever used (p = 0.003), and cumulative exposure to protease inhibitors (p = 0.02) even in currently HIV undetectable patients. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)