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1. Cauca: megafaunal and felid fossils (Mammalia) from a Pleistocene site in northwest Venezuela

Author: Jorge Domingo Carrillo-Briceño, Damián Ruiz-Ramoni, Rodolfo Sánchez, Arturo Jaimes, Edwin Chávez-Aponte, Francisco Juan Prevosti, Valentina Segura, Alfredo Armando Carlini, Lisa Garbé, Olivier Tombret, Antoine Zazzo, and Marcelo Ricardo Sánchez-Villagra
Subjects: Paleontology, QE701-760
Abstract: Numerous surveys and three excavation and surface collection field seasons resulted in the discovery of numerous megafaunal remains and that of a medium-sized felid in a new site located on the coastal plain of the Gulf of Venezuela, in Western Falcón State. The faunal assemblage is represented by South American natives such as megatheres (cf. Eremotherium laurillardi), an indeterminate mylodontid and a glyptodont (probably related to Glyptotherium) and Nearctic representatives such as gomphotheres (Notiomastodon platensis), equids (Equus sp.) and a feline (Felidae cf. Leopardus pardalis), providing novel information for the distribution of some of these mammals. Radiocarbon indicates that this deposit is at least 40,000 years old. Lithic artefacts of a kind reported for other Pleistocene sites in the region document the presence of humans in Cauca, but as these cultural remains were found on the surface, their association with the fauna is uncertain.
Published: 2024
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2. Strontium isotope evidence for Pre-Islamic cotton cultivation in Arabia

Author: Saskia E. Ryan, Eric Douville, Arnaud Dapoigny, Pierre Deschamps, Vincent Battesti, Abel Guihou, Matthieu Lebon, Jérôme Rohmer, Vladimir Dabrowski, Patricia Dal Prà, Laïla Nehmé, Antoine Zazzo, and Charlène Bouchaud
Subjects: cotton (Gossypium arboreum/herbaceum), strontium isotopes, provenance, Nabatean Kingdom, Hegra, Dadan, Science
Abstract: With a view to understanding the dynamics of ancient trade and agrobiodiversity, archaeobotanical remains provide a means of tracing the trajectories of certain agricultural commodities. A prime example is cotton in Arabia, a plant that is non-native but has been found in raw seed and processed textile form at Hegra and Dadan, in the region of al-ʿUlā, north-western Saudi Arabia—sites of critical importance given their role in the trans-Arabian trading routes during Antiquity. Here, we demonstrate that the measurement of strontium isotopes from pre-cleaned archaeological cotton is methodologically sound and is an informative addition to the study of ancient plant/textile provenance, in this case, putting forward evidence for local production of cotton in oasis agrosystems and possible external supply. The presence of locally-grown cotton at these sites from the late 1st c. BCE–mid 6th c. CE is significant as it demonstrates that cotton cultivation in Arabia was a Pre-Islamic socio-technical feat, while imported cotton highlights the dynamism of trade at that time.
Published: 2023
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3. The name of the game: palaeoproteomics and radiocarbon dates further refine the presence and dispersal of caprines in eastern and southern Africa

Author: Louise Le Meillour, Antoine Zazzo, Séverine Zirah, Olivier Tombret, Véronique Barriel, Kathryn W. Arthur, John W. Arthur, Jessie Cauliez, Louis Chaix, Matthew C. Curtis, Diane Gifford-Gonzalez, Imogen Gunn, Xavier Gutherz, Elisabeth Hildebrand, Lamya Khalidi, Marie Millet, Peter Mitchell, Jacqueline Studer, Emmanuelle Vila, Frido Welker, David Pleurdeau, and Joséphine Lesur
Subjects: Africa, zooarchaeology, hunters–gatherers, pastoralism, palaeoproteomics, radiocarbon dating, Science
Abstract: We report the first large-scale palaeoproteomics research on eastern and southern African zooarchaeological samples, thereby refining our understanding of early caprine (sheep and goat) pastoralism in Africa. Assessing caprine introductions is a complicated task because of their skeletal similarity to endemic wild bovid species and the sparse and fragmentary state of relevant archaeological remains. Palaeoproteomics has previously proved effective in clarifying species attributions in African zooarchaeological materials, but few comparative protein sequences of wild bovid species have been available. Using newly generated type I collagen sequences for wild species, as well as previously published sequences, we assess species attributions for elements originally identified as caprine or ‘unidentifiable bovid’ from 17 eastern and southern African sites that span seven millennia. We identified over 70% of the archaeological remains and the direct radiocarbon dating of domesticate specimens allows refinement of the chronology of caprine presence in both African regions. These results thus confirm earlier occurrences in eastern Africa and the systematic association of domesticated caprines with wild bovids at all archaeological sites. The combined biomolecular approach highlights repeatability and accuracy of the methods for conclusive contribution in species attribution of archaeological remains in dry African environments.
Published: 2023
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4. Settlement dynamics, subsistence economies and climate change during the late Holocene at Nunura Bay (Sechura Desert, Peru): A multiproxy approach

Author: Valentina Villa, Nicolas Bermeo, Antoine Zazzo, Christine Lefèvre, Philippe Béarez, Denis Correa, Elise Dufour, Aurélie Manin, Lucie Dausse, Belkys Gutiérrez, Segundo Vásquez, Aurélien Christol, Jean-Jacques Bahain, and Nicolas Goepfert
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Long considered on the margins, far from the major cultural traditions, the Sechura Desert is situated at the crossroads between the cultures of southern Ecuador and those of the northern Peruvian coast and preserves a large number of varied archaeological sites. Despite this evidence, little is known about the societies that inhabited this region during the Holocene. Exposed to natural hazards, including El Niño events, and to major climatic changes, they were able to adapt and exploit the scarce resources that this extreme environment offered them. Because of this rich history, we have been conducting archaeological research in this region since 2012 in order to clarify the dynamics of human occupation and their links with climate oscillations and environmental changes. This paper present the results of a multidisciplinary study of Huaca Grande, a mound located on Nunura Bay, 300 m from the Pacific Ocean. The nature of the human occupations at Huaca Grande was varied, and several adjustments occurred over time. The subsistence economy was based mainly on local marine resources and a continual use of terrestrial vegetal resources. However, a major change occurred in the more recent occupations, with the apparition of non-local resources (maize and cotton) indicating that Huaca Grande was connected to trade networks. The results show two main phases of occupation separated by a long abandonment (mid-5th century CE to mid-7th century CE and mid-13th century to mid-15th century CE). The occupation of the site appears to have been influenced by changes in the local climate and by extreme El Niño events. Our results highlight the great adaptability of these human groups over the span of a millennium and their capacity to react to the climatic changes and hazards that characterise this region.
Published: 2023

5. New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba

Author: Isabelle Crevecoeur, Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho, Antoine Zazzo, Daniel Antoine, and François Bon
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract The remains of 61 individuals buried in the cemetery of Jebel Sahaba (site 117) offer unique and substantial evidence to the emergence of violence in the Nile Valley at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Excavated and assessed in the 1960s, some of the original findings and interpretations are disputed. A full reanalysis of the timing, nature and extent of the violence was conducted through the microscopic characterization of the nature of each osseous lesion, and the reassessment of the archaeological data. Over 100 previously undocumented healed and unhealed lesions were identified on both new and/or previously identified victims, including several embedded lithic artefacts. Most trauma appears to be the result of projectile weapons and new analyses confirm for the first time the repetitive nature of the interpersonal acts of violence. Indeed, a quarter of the skeletons with lesions exhibit both healed and unhealed trauma. We dismiss the hypothesis that Jebel Sahaba reflects a single warfare event, with the new data supporting sporadic and recurrent episodes of inter-personal violence, probably triggered by major climatic and environmental changes. At least 13.4 ka old, Jebel Sahaba is one of the earliest sites displaying interpersonal violence in the world.
Published: 2021
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6. Strontium isotope evidence for a trade network between southeastern Arabia and India during Antiquity

Author: Saskia E. Ryan, Vladimir Dabrowski, Arnaud Dapoigny, Caroline Gauthier, Eric Douville, Margareta Tengberg, Céline Kerfant, Michel Mouton, Xavier Desormeau, Camille Noûs, Antoine Zazzo, and Charlène Bouchaud
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Cotton (Gossypium sp.), a plant of tropical and sub-tropical origin, appeared at several sites on the Arabian Peninsula at the end of the 1st mill. BCE-beginning of the 1st mill. CE. Its spread into this non-native, arid environment is emblematic of the trade dynamics that took place at this pivotal point in human history. Due to its geographical location, the Arabian Peninsula is connected to both the Indian and African trading spheres, making it complex to reconstruct the trans-continental trajectories of plant diffusion into and across Arabia in Antiquity. Key questions remain pertaining to: (1) provenance, i.e. are plant remains of local or imported origin and (2) the precise timing of cotton arrival and spread. The ancient site of Mleiha, located in modern-day United Arab Emirates, is a rare and significant case where rich archaeobotanical remains dating to the Late Pre-Islamic period (2nd–3rd c. CE), including cotton seeds and fabrics, have been preserved in a burned-down fortified building. To better understand the initial trade and/or production of cotton in this region, strontium isotopes of leached, charred cotton remains are used as a powerful tracer and the results indicate that the earliest cotton finds did not originate from the Oman Peninsula, but were more likely sourced from further afield, with the north-western coast of India being an isotopically compatible provenance. Identifying the presence of such imported cotton textiles and seeds in southeastern Arabia is significant as it is representative of the early diffusion of the crop in the region, later to be grown extensively in local oases.
Published: 2021
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7. L’immuable intéraction des habitants du site de Huaca Amarilla avec leurs jeunes défunts (Désert de Sechura, côté nord du Pérou)

Author: Lucie Dausse, Nicolas Goepfert, Elise Dufour, Antoine Zazzo, Christine Lefèvre, Belkys Gutiérrez, and Sànchez Vàsquez
Subjects: History of Civilization, CB3-482
Published: 2020
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8. Author Correction: Strontium isotope evidence for a trade network between southeastern Arabia and India during Antiquity

Author: Saskia E. Ryan, Vladimir Dabrowski, Arnaud Dapoigny, Caroline Gauthier, Eric Douville, Margareta Tengberg, Céline Kerfant, Michel Mouton, Xavier Desormeau, Antoine Zazzo, and Charlène Bouchaud
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Published: 2021
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9. Ethnochemistry in the Dogon country (Mali, 11th-18th century)

Author: Anne-France Maurer, Alain Person, Antoine Zazzo, Élise Dufour, Mathieu Sebilo, Vincent Balter, Florence Lecornec, Valery Zeitoun, Marc de Rafélis, Annette Schmidt, and Rogier Bedaux
Subjects: Dogon, Tellem, paleodiet, biogeochimical signature, bones, Archaeology, CC1-960, History of the arts, NX440-632
Abstract: Les méthodes analytiques de la biogéochimie s’appliquent depuis plusieurs dizaines d’années aux études archéologiques. L’une des questions majeures posées par cette approche reste la conservation des signaux biogéochimiques pendant la phase taphonomique. Nous proposons ici un exemple qui a fait l’objet d’une présentation poster au 7ème Congrès sur la diagénèse des ossements de Lyon (7th International Bone Diagenesis Meeting Lyon, France, October 22nd-25th 2013).Les informations concernant les habitudes alimentaires sont enregistrées dans les os du squelette durant la vie des individus. Mais elles peuvent être ensuite perturbées par des modifications minéralogiques intervenant après l’inhumation. Cependant, certaines conditions favorisent la conservation des tissus squelettiques qui sont préservés de cette altération post-mortem. C’est en particulier le cas des ossements déposés depuis quelques siècles (xie-xviiie) dans les grottes funéraires des falaises de Bandiagara (Mali) par les Tellem, puis par les Dogon. Ils sont macroscopiquement semblables aux os frais. Leur extraordinaire état de préservation aux plans minéralogique, géochimique et organique est démontré par les études par diffraction des rayons X, la mesure de leur teneur en matière organique, l’observation histologique sur lame mince, leur composition chimique élémentaire (Mg, Na, F, Mn, Fe, Y, La, Ce, U) et le rapport calcium versus phosphore.Comme en Afrique de l’Ouest, les éléments concernant l’approche de l’alimentation passée sont rares, ces squelettes humains offrent l’opportunité de tester la qualité des données géochimiques sur la paléodiète dans les domaines du δ13C, δ18O, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca pour l’apatite osseuse, et du δ13C and δ15N pour le collagène. Les résultats sont discutés en fonction d’approches ethnologiques réalisées en Mali rural.
Published: 2015
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10. Direct Dating and Physico-Chemical Analyses Cast Doubts on the Coexistence of Humans and Dwarf Hippos in Cyprus.

Author: Antoine Zazzo, Matthieu Lebon, Anita Quiles, Ina Reiche, and Jean-Denis Vigne
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: In the Mediterranean, the island dwarf megafaunas became extinct around the end of the Pleistocene, during a period of rapid and global climate change. In Cyprus, this coincided with the first human presence on the island, as attested by the rock shelter of Akrotiri-Aetokremnos where an Epipaleolithic anthropogenic layer (stratum 2) was found overlying a massive accumulation of pygmy hippopotamus (Phanourios minor (Desmarest, 1822)) [Boekschoten and Sondaar, 1972] bones (stratum 4). The relationship between the two layers is highly controversial and the role played by humans in hippo extinction remains fiercely debated. Here, we provide new, direct radiocarbon and physico-chemical analyses on calcined bones which elucidates the complex depositional history of the assemblage. Bone turquoise was identified using micro-PIXE analysis and depth-profiling together with Vis spectroscopy, demonstrating that these bones were not freshly burned. Bayesian modeling of the radiocarbon dates indicates that stratum 4 accumulated during the first half of the 13th mill cal BP and that calcination occurred several hundred years later. We conclude that accumulation occurred naturally during the beginning of the Younger Dryas and that Epipalaeolithic visitors subsequently used the bones as fuel, starting from the mid-13th mill cal BP. At that time, dwarf hippos were probably already extinct or at least highly endangered. Our results shed new light on the possible causes of hippo extinction, on the subsequent introduction of the wild boar and on the earliest occupation of the island by humans.
Published: 2015
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11. Utilization of sugarcane habitat by feral pig (Sus scrofa) in northern tropical Queensland: evidence from the stable isotope composition of hair.

Author: Christopher M Wurster, Jack Robertson, David A Westcott, Bart Dryden, Antoine Zazzo, and Michael I Bird
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are an invasive species that disrupt ecosystem functioning throughout their introduced range. In tropical environments, feral pigs are associated with predation and displacement of endangered species, modification of habitat, and act as a vector for the spread of exotic vegetation and disease. Across many parts of their introduced range, the diet of feral pigs is poorly known. Although the remote location and difficult terrain of far north Queensland makes observing feral pig behavior difficult, feral pigs are perceived to seek refuge in World Heritage tropical rainforests and seasonally 'crop raid' into lowland sugarcane crops. Thus, identifying how feral pigs are using different components of the landscape is important to the design of management strategies. We used the stable isotope composition of captured feral pigs to determine the extent of rainforest and sugarcane habitat usage. Recently grown hair (basal hair) from feral pigs captured in remote rainforest indicated pigs met their dietary needs solely within this habitat. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values of basal hair from feral pigs captured near sugarcane plantations were more variable, with some individuals estimated to consume over 85% of their diet within a sugarcane habitat, while a few consumed as much as 90% of their diet from adjacent forested environments. We estimated whether feral pigs switch habitats by sequentially sampling δ(13)C and δ(15)N values of long tail hair from a subset of seven captured animals, and demonstrate that four of these individuals moved between habitats. Our results indicate that feral pigs utilize both sugarcane and forest habitats, and can switch between these resources.
Published: 2012
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12. SUNGIR REVISITED: NEW DATA ON CHRONOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE KEY UPPER PALEOLITHIC SITE, CENTRAL RUSSIAN PLAIN

Author: Yaroslav V Kuzmin, Mathieu Boudin, Marine Wojcieszak, Antoine Zazzo, Laura van der Sluis, Darya I Stulova, Konstantin N Gavrilov, Elizaveta V Veselovskaya, and Sergey V Vasilyev
Subjects: Archeology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: Chronological and stratigraphic frameworks are of the utmost importance for Upper Paleolithic archaeology, physical anthropology, and ecology. Wide ranging radiocarbon (14C) dates were previously obtained for the Sungir burial complex in the central part of European Russia, which is well-known as the richest funeral Paleolithic assemblage in the world yet recorded. The major problem was the contamination caused by consolidants used during the recovery of human bones in the 1960s. The stratigraphy and spatial structure of the Sungir site were also not well understood previously. New radiocarbon and stable isotope data are generated for the Sungir burials. While some dates were younger due to incomplete removal of contamination, the XAD 14C age on S-1 burial (ca. 29,780 BP) was found to be statistically the same as the previously performed HYP 14C age for this burial (ca. 28,890 BP). Four animal bones found in cultural layer below the burial date to ca. 28,800–30,140 BP, suggesting that both this layer and human burials date to roughly this age range. Narrowing these ages further is difficult considering the larger errors of the 14C dates. This shows that future research attempting to 14C date material excavated many years ago needs to eliminate potential contamination from consolidants through analyses such as FTIR, prior to 14C dating. The chronology and stratigraphy of Sungir do not contradict to correlation of its lithic artifacts with the Streletskian assemblage as the East European variant of the Final Szeletian technocomplex (Early Upper Paleolithic).
Published: 2022

13. Retour à Combe-Grèze (La Cresse, Aveyron) : nouvelles données sur la néolithisation des Grands Causses

Author: Elsa Defranould, Ingrid Bertin, Laurent Bouby, Stéphanie Bréhard, Joséphine Caro, Jean-Michel Carozza, Jessie Cauliez, Fabien Convertini, Frédérique Durand, Auréade Henry, Mathieu Lejay, Guillaume Roguet, Jean-Denis Vigne, Antoine Zazzo, and Claire Manen
Subjects: Néolithisation, Causse Noir, Aveyron, Southwestern France, Mésolithique, Neolithisation, Néolithique, Neolithic, Sud-Ouest français, Mesolithic
Abstract: Situé dans une doline sur le Causse Noir, à une dizaine de kilomètres au nord-est de Millau, le petit abri de Combe-Grèze a d’abord été fouillé dans la seconde moitié du xxe siècle, puis a fait l’objet d’un récent retour sur le terrain par les auteurs du présent article. Ce site, occupé à différents moments de l’Holocène, a été largement mobilisé dans les scénarios de néolithisation des arrière-pays. Cependant, les travaux de terrain conduits depuis quelques années à l’extérieur de l’abri et un retour sur les collections anciennes permettent de nuancer nettement les interprétations anciennes, mettant notamment en évidence l’existence de nombreux problèmes de mélanges d’occupations. Ainsi, nous proposons ici une réactualisation des données disponibles concernant ce gisement, notamment pour ce qui concerne la nature des occupations, la chronologie, les productions matérielles issues des différentes occupations, les ressources exploitées et la précision du cadre paléo-environnemental. The small shelter of Combe-Grèze, located in a dolina of the Causse Noir plateau about ten kilometres northeast of Millau in Southwestern France, was first excavated in the second half of the 20th century, and more recently has been subject to new investigations by the authors of this contribution. The site was repeatedly occupied during the Holocene and has been widely referred to in neolithisation scenarios regarding the Mediterranean hinterlands. However, fieldwork carried out over the last few years in the area outside the shelter and the reevaluation of ancient collections stemming from the site have largely modified previous interpretations and evidenced that the site reveals a palimpsest of occupations. We therefore propose here an updating of the available data concerning the site, more particularly with regard to the nature of its occupational stages, its chronology, and the material production associated with the different occupations, the exploited resources, and the palaeoenvironmental reconstructions.
Published: 2023

14. Back to Combe-Grèze (La Cresse, Aveyron): New data on the Neolithisation of the Grands Causses region, Southwestern France–abridged version

Author: Elsa Defranould, Ingrid Bertin, Laurent Bouby, Stéphanie Bréhard, Joséphine Caro, Jean-Michel Carozza, Jessie Cauliez, Fabien Convertini, Frédérique Durand, Auréade Henry, Mathieu Lejay, Claire Manen, Guillaume Roguet, Jean-Denis Vigne, and Antoine Zazzo
Subjects: Néolithisation, Causse Noir, Aveyron, Southwestern France, Mésolithique, Néolithique, Neolithic, Sud-Ouest français, Neolithicisation, Mesolithic
Abstract: The small shelter of Combe-Grèze, located in a dolina of the Causse Noir plateau about ten kilometres northeast of Millau in Southwestern France, was first excavated in the second half of the 20th century, and more recently has been subject to new investigations by the authors of this contribution. The site was repeatedly occupied during the Holocene and has been widely referred to in neolithisation scenarios regarding the Mediterranean hinterlands. However, fieldwork carried out over the last few years in the area outside the shelter and the reevaluation of ancient collections stemming from the site have largely modified previous interpretations and evidenced that the site reveals a palimpsest of occupations. We therefore propose here an updating of the available data concerning the site, more particularly with regard to the nature of its occupational stages, its chronology, and the material production associated with the different occupations, the exploited resources, and the palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Situé dans une doline sur le Causse Noir, à une dizaine de kilomètres au nord-est de Millau, le petit abri de Combe-Grèze a d’abord été fouillé dans la seconde moitié du xxe siècle, puis a fait l’objet d’un récent retour sur le terrain par les auteurs du présent article. Ce site, occupé à différents moments de l’Holocène, a été largement mobilisé dans les scénarios de néolithisation des arrière-pays. Cependant, les travaux de terrain conduits depuis quelques années à l’extérieur de l’abri et un retour sur les collections anciennes permettent de nuancer nettement les interprétations anciennes, mettant notamment en évidence l’existence de nombreux problèmes de mélanges d’occupations. Ainsi, nous proposons ici une réactualisation des données disponibles concernant ce gisement, notamment pour ce qui concerne la nature des occupations, la chronologie, les productions matérielles issues des différentes occupations, les ressources exploitées et la précision du cadre paléo-environnemental.
Published: 2023

15. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers

Author: Cosimo Posth, He Yu, Ayshin Ghalichi, Hélène Rougier, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Yilei Huang, Harald Ringbauer, Adam B. Rohrlach, Kathrin Nägele, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Rita Radzeviciute, Tiago Ferraz, Alexander Stoessel, Rezeda Tukhbatova, Dorothée G. Drucker, Martina Lari, Alessandra Modi, Stefania Vai, Tina Saupe, Christiana L. Scheib, Giulio Catalano, Luca Pagani, Sahra Talamo, Helen Fewlass, Laurent Klaric, André Morala, Mathieu Rué, Stéphane Madelaine, Laurent Crépin, Jean-Baptiste Caverne, Emmy Bocaege, Stefano Ricci, Francesco Boschin, Priscilla Bayle, Bruno Maureille, Foni Le Brun-Ricalens, Jean-Guillaume Bordes, Gregorio Oxilia, Eugenio Bortolini, Olivier Bignon-Lau, Grégory Debout, Michel Orliac, Antoine Zazzo, Vitale Sparacello, Elisabetta Starnini, Luca Sineo, Johannes van der Plicht, Laure Pecqueur, Gildas Merceron, Géraldine Garcia, Jean-Michel Leuvrey, Coralie Bay Garcia, Asier Gómez-Olivencia, Marta Połtowicz-Bobak, Dariusz Bobak, Mona Le Luyer, Paul Storm, Claudia Hoffmann, Jacek Kabaciński, Tatiana Filimonova, Svetlana Shnaider, Natalia Berezina, Borja González-Rabanal, Manuel R. González Morales, Ana B. Marín-Arroyo, Belén López, Carmen Alonso-Llamazares, Annamaria Ronchitelli, Caroline Polet, Ivan Jadin, Nicolas Cauwe, Joaquim Soler, Neus Coromina, Isaac Rufí, Richard Cottiaux, Geoffrey Clark, Lawrence G. Straus, Marie-Anne Julien, Silvia Renhart, Dorothea Talaa, Stefano Benazzi, Matteo Romandini, Luc Amkreutz, Hervé Bocherens, Christoph Wißing, Sébastien Villotte, Javier Fernández-López de Pablo, Magdalena Gómez-Puche, Marco Aurelio Esquembre-Bebia, Pierre Bodu, Liesbeth Smits, Bénédicte Souffi, Rimantas Jankauskas, Justina Kozakaitė, Christophe Cupillard, Hartmut Benthien, Kurt Wehrberger, Ralf W. Schmitz, Susanne C. Feine, Tim Schüler, Corinne Thevenet, Dan Grigorescu, Friedrich Lüth, Andreas Kotula, Henny Piezonka, Franz Schopper, Jiří Svoboda, Sandra Sázelová, Andrey Chizhevsky, Aleksandr Khokhlov, Nicholas J. Conard, Frédérique Valentin, Katerina Harvati, Patrick Semal, Bettina Jungklaus, Alexander Suvorov, Rick Schulting, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Kristiina Mannermaa, Alexandra Buzhilova, Thomas Terberger, David Caramelli, Eveline Altena, Wolfgang Haak, Johannes Krause, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Department of Cultures, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Arts), Universidad de Cantabria, Posth, Cosimo [0000-0002-8206-3907], Yu, He [0000-0003-1323-4730], Rougier, Hélène [0000-0003-0358-0285], Ringbauer, Harald [0000-0002-4884-9682], Rohrlach, Adam B [0000-0002-4204-5018], Nägele, Kathrin [0000-0003-3861-8677], Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa [0000-0002-9357-5238], Radzeviciute, Rita [0000-0002-5800-3787], Stoessel, Alexander [0000-0003-2434-2542], Drucker, Dorothée G [0000-0003-0854-4371], Lari, Martina [0000-0002-7832-8212], Modi, Alessandra [0000-0001-9514-9868], Vai, Stefania [0000-0003-3844-5147], Scheib, Christiana L [0000-0003-4158-8296], Rué, Mathieu [0000-0001-7948-9459], Boschin, Francesco [0000-0001-5795-9050], Maureille, Bruno [0000-0002-7616-0073], Bortolini, Eugenio [0000-0001-6751-5680], Starnini, Elisabetta [0000-0002-3933-0854], Sineo, Luca [0000-0001-8634-2295], Garcia, Géraldine [0000-0001-5777-7126], Połtowicz-Bobak, Marta [0000-0003-1973-4971], Bobak, Dariusz [0000-0002-5216-6630], Le Luyer, Mona [0000-0001-7999-0294], Kabaciński, Jacek [0000-0002-2118-2005], Berezina, Natalia [0000-0001-5704-9153], González-Rabanal, Borja [0000-0002-1802-994X], Amkreutz, Luc [0000-0003-4664-5552], Bocherens, Hervé [0000-0002-0494-0126], Jankauskas, Rimantas [0000-0001-7611-2576], Conard, Nicholas J [0000-0002-4633-0385], Valentin, Frédérique [0000-0002-0575-7681], Harvati, Katerina [0000-0001-5998-4794], Schulting, Rick [0000-0002-4444-766X], Mannermaa, Kristiina [0000-0002-8510-1120], Buzhilova, Alexandra [0000-0001-6398-2177], Caramelli, David [0000-0001-6468-1675], Altena, Eveline [0000-0001-8911-7771], Haak, Wolfgang [0000-0003-2475-2007], Krause, Johannes [0000-0001-9144-3920], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Rohrlach, Adam B. [0000-0002-4204-5018], Drucker, Dorothée G. [0000-0003-0854-4371], Scheib, Christiana L. [0000-0003-4158-8296], Conard, Nicholas J. [0000-0002-4633-0385], Posth, Cosimo, Yu, He, Ghalichi, Ayshin, Rougier, Hélène, Crevecoeur, Isabelle, Huang, Yilei, Ringbauer, Harald, Rohrlach, Adam B, Nägele, Kathrin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Radzeviciute, Rita, Ferraz, Tiago, Stoessel, Alexander, Tukhbatova, Rezeda, Drucker, Dorothée G, Lari, Martina, Modi, Alessandra, Vai, Stefania, Saupe, Tina, Scheib, Christiana L, Catalano, Giulio, Pagani, Luca, Talamo, Sahra, Fewlass, Helen, Klaric, Laurent, Morala, André, Rué, Mathieu, Madelaine, Stéphane, Crépin, Laurent, Caverne, Jean-Baptiste, Bocaege, Emmy, Ricci, Stefano, Boschin, Francesco, Bayle, Priscilla, Maureille, Bruno, Le Brun-Ricalens, Foni, Bordes, Jean-Guillaume, Oxilia, Gregorio, Bortolini, Eugenio, Bignon-Lau, Olivier, Debout, Grégory, Orliac, Michel, Zazzo, Antoine, Sparacello, Vitale, Starnini, Elisabetta, Sineo, Luca, van der Plicht, Johanne, Pecqueur, Laure, Merceron, Gilda, Garcia, Géraldine, Leuvrey, Jean-Michel, Garcia, Coralie Bay, Gómez-Olivencia, Asier, Połtowicz-Bobak, Marta, Bobak, Dariusz, Le Luyer, Mona, Storm, Paul, Hoffmann, Claudia, Kabaciński, Jacek, Filimonova, Tatiana, Shnaider, Svetlana, Berezina, Natalia, González-Rabanal, Borja, González Morales, Manuel R, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, López, Belén, Alonso-Llamazares, Carmen, Ronchitelli, Annamaria, Polet, Caroline, Jadin, Ivan, Cauwe, Nicola, Soler, Joaquim, Coromina, Neu, Rufí, Isaac, Cottiaux, Richard, Clark, Geoffrey, Straus, Lawrence G, Julien, Marie-Anne, Renhart, Silvia, Talaa, Dorothea, Benazzi, Stefano, Romandini, Matteo, Amkreutz, Luc, Bocherens, Hervé, Wißing, Christoph, Villotte, Sébastien, de Pablo, Javier Fernández-López, Gómez-Puche, Magdalena, Esquembre-Bebia, Marco Aurelio, Bodu, Pierre, Smits, Liesbeth, Souffi, Bénédicte, Jankauskas, Rimanta, Kozakaitė, Justina, Cupillard, Christophe, Benthien, Hartmut, Wehrberger, Kurt, Schmitz, Ralf W, Feine, Susanne C, Schüler, Tim, Thevenet, Corinne, Grigorescu, Dan, Lüth, Friedrich, Kotula, Andrea, Piezonka, Henny, Schopper, Franz, Svoboda, Jiří, Sázelová, Sandra, Chizhevsky, Andrey, Khokhlov, Aleksandr, Conard, Nicholas J, Valentin, Frédérique, Harvati, Katerina, Semal, Patrick, Jungklaus, Bettina, Suvorov, Alexander, Schulting, Rick, Moiseyev, Vyacheslav, Mannermaa, Kristiina, Buzhilova, Alexandra, Terberger, Thoma, Caramelli, David, Altena, Eveline, Haak, Wolfgang, Krause, Johannes, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, Prehistoria y Protohistoria, Pagani, Luca [0000-0002-6639-524X], and Alonso-Llamazares, Carmen [0000-0002-1053-1388]
Subjects: History, Ancient dna, Interactions, Cave, 45/23, Admixture, Settore BIO/08 - Antropologia, 631/208/457, 631/181/27, 6160 Other humanities, Contamination, Humans, Hunting, Palaeogenomics, Population-structure, Archaeology, Biological anthropology, Evolutionary genetics, Population genetics, History, Ancient, Human evolution, Diversity, Occupation, Multidisciplinary, 45, Genome, Human, article, Paleontology, Last glacial maximum, Human Genetics, Gene Pool, Genomics, 631/181/19/2471, Pleistocene, Europe, Genomic transformations, 631/181/2474, Anthropology, Hunter-gatherers, Genome sequence
Abstract: Acknowledgements: The authors thank G. Marciani and O. Jöris for comments on archaeology; C. Jeong, M. Spyrou and K. Prüfer for comments on genetics; M. O’Reilly for graphical support for Fig. 5 and Extended Data Fig. 9; the entire IT and laboratory teams at the Department of Archaeogenetics of MPI-SHH for technical assistance; M. Meyer and S. Nagel for support with single-stranded library preparation; K. Post, P. van Es, J. Glimmerveen, M. Medendorp, M. Sier, S. Dikstra, M. Dikstra, R. van Eerden, D. Duineveld and A. Hoekman for providing access to human specimens from the North Sea (The Netherlands); M. D. Garralda and A. Estalrrich for providing access to human specimens from La Riera (Spain); J. Górski and M. Zając for providing access to human specimens from Maszycka cave; C. Di Patti for providing access to human specimens from San Teodoro 2 (Italy); P. Blaževičius for providing access to the Donkalnis human remains and the new radiocarbon dates; the Italian Ministry of Culture and Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio for the Provinces of Verona, Rovigo, and Vicenza for granting access to the human remains of Tagliente 2; F. Fontana, who carries out investigations of the Riparo Tagliente site (Italy); the Friuli Venezia Giulia Superintendency for providing access to the human tooth Pradis 1; and the Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio for the Provinces of Barletta-Andria-Trani and Foggia for providing access to the Paglicci human remains. This project has received funding by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements no. 803147-RESOLUTION (to S.T.), no. 771234-PALEoRIDER (to W.H.), no. 864358 (to K.M.), no. 724703 and no. 101019659 (to K.H.). K.H. is also supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG FOR 2237). E.A. has received funding from the Van de Kamp fonds. PACEA co-authors of this research benefited from the scientific framework of the University of Bordeaux’s IdEx Investments for the Future programme/GPR Human Past. A.G.-O. is supported by a Ramón y Cajal fellowship (RYC-2017-22558). L. Sineo, M.L. and D.C. have received funding from the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) PRIN 2017 grants 20177PJ9XF and 20174BTC4R_002. H. Rougier received support from the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences of CSUN and the CSUN Competition for RSCA Awards. C.L.S. and T. Saupe received support from the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (project no. 2014-2020.4.01.16-0030) and C.L.S. received support from the Estonian Research Council grant PUT (PRG243). S. Shnaider received support from the Russian Science Foundation (no. 19-78-10053)., Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years1,2. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period3. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe4, but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdalenian culture that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers, who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants.
Published: 2023
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16. Telarmachay revisité : nouvelles datations radiocarbone du plus ancien centre de domestication des camélidés andins

Author: Manon Le Neün, Antoine Zazzo, Elise Dufour, Olivier Tombret, François Thil, Jane Wheeler, Thomas CUCCHI, Danièle Lavallée, Nicolas Goepfert, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Av. Reusche M4, Pachacamac, Lima, Peru. (CONOPA), Archéologie des Amériques (ArchAm), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Île-de-France, Domaine d’Intérêt Majeur 'Matériaux anciens et patrimoniaux' (DIM-MAP, AAP 2018-3, project CAMELIDOM), École Doctorale 227 'Sciences de la nature et de l’Homme : évolution et écologie' du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle et Sorbonne Université (ED227 MNHN-SU, France)., and ANR-15-CE27-0002,CAMELANDES,Les sociétés préhispaniques face à leur environnement : variations spatiales et diachroniques du pastoralisme andin (100-1470 apr. J.-C.)(2015)
Subjects: Holocene, Telarmachay, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Peru, Puna, Radiocarbon AMS dating, Central Andes, South American Camelids
Abstract: International audience; Les archéologues s’accordent pour considérer qu’au sein des camélidés sud-américains (CSA), Les lamas et les alpagas ont été domestiqués à partir de deux espèces sauvages : les guanacos et les vigognes, au cours de la période précéramique. Cependant, documenter les premières étapes de ce processus de domestication reste encore un défi. Le site de Telarmachay (Puna de Junín, Pérou) est un site majeur des Andes précéramiques. Il a apporté les plus anciens indices du processus de domestication des CSA, vers 3000-1800 av. J.-C., soit 2000 ans plus tôt que le reste de la zone andine. Cependant, la longue chronostratigraphie de ce site, entre 7000 à 150 av. J.-C., s’appuie sur 22 datations 14C effectuées avant l’avènement de l’AMS et de surcroit sur des charbons de bois et non des vestiges osseux. C’est pourquoi il était nécessaire de lancer un nouveau programme de datations AMS sur ossements de camélidés. Les résultats montrent ainsi que la chronologie devait être révisée. Nous avons vieilli l’âge du site d’environ 1000 ans et inscrit l’interaction entre les sociétés humaines et les camélidés à Telarmachay sur une période de plus de 4000 ans entre 7152/6510 et 2226/1854 av. J.-C. Enfin, nous avons aussi détecté six outliers que nous avons réattribué à leur couche d’origine. Grâce à cette nouvelle chronologie, il sera possible de retracer l’histoire de l’occupation du site en général et de l’intensification des relations entre les chasseurs-cueilleurs des hautes terres des Andes et les camélidés en particulier.
Published: 2022

17. Lipid preservation in ceramics and bones from the Iranian Plateau: Implications for dietary and chronological reconstructions

Author: Emmanuelle Casanova, Hossein Davoudi, Antoine Zazzo, Niloufar Moghimi, Haeedeh Laleh, Zahra Lorzadeh, Shahram Ramin, Kamyar Abdi, Fereidoun Biglari, Xavier Gallet, Susan Pollock, Richard P. Evershed, and Marjan Mashkour
Subjects: Archeology
Published: 2023

18. Author Correction: Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers

Author: Cosimo Posth, He Yu, Ayshin Ghalichi, Hélène Rougier, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Yilei Huang, Harald Ringbauer, Adam B. Rohrlach, Kathrin Nägele, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Rita Radzeviciute, Tiago Ferraz, Alexander Stoessel, Rezeda Tukhbatova, Dorothée G. Drucker, Martina Lari, Alessandra Modi, Stefania Vai, Tina Saupe, Christiana L. Scheib, Giulio Catalano, Luca Pagani, Sahra Talamo, Helen Fewlass, Laurent Klaric, André Morala, Mathieu Rué, Stéphane Madelaine, Laurent Crépin, Jean-Baptiste Caverne, Emmy Bocaege, Stefano Ricci, Francesco Boschin, Priscilla Bayle, Bruno Maureille, Foni Le Brun-Ricalens, Jean-Guillaume Bordes, Gregorio Oxilia, Eugenio Bortolini, Olivier Bignon-Lau, Grégory Debout, Michel Orliac, Antoine Zazzo, Vitale Sparacello, Elisabetta Starnini, Luca Sineo, Johannes van der Plicht, Laure Pecqueur, Gildas Merceron, Géraldine Garcia, Jean-Michel Leuvrey, Coralie Bay Garcia, Asier Gómez-Olivencia, Marta Połtowicz-Bobak, Dariusz Bobak, Mona Le Luyer, Paul Storm, Claudia Hoffmann, Jacek Kabaciński, Tatiana Filimonova, Svetlana Shnaider, Natalia Berezina, Borja González-Rabanal, Manuel R. González Morales, Ana B. Marín-Arroyo, Belén López, Carmen Alonso-Llamazares, Annamaria Ronchitelli, Caroline Polet, Ivan Jadin, Nicolas Cauwe, Joaquim Soler, Neus Coromina, Isaac Rufí, Richard Cottiaux, Geoffrey Clark, Lawrence G. Straus, Marie-Anne Julien, Silvia Renhart, Dorothea Talaa, Stefano Benazzi, Matteo Romandini, Luc Amkreutz, Hervé Bocherens, Christoph Wißing, Sébastien Villotte, Javier Fernández-López de Pablo, Magdalena Gómez-Puche, Marco Aurelio Esquembre-Bebia, Pierre Bodu, Liesbeth Smits, Bénédicte Souffi, Rimantas Jankauskas, Justina Kozakaitė, Christophe Cupillard, Hartmut Benthien, Kurt Wehrberger, Ralf W. Schmitz, Susanne C. Feine, Tim Schüler, Corinne Thevenet, Dan Grigorescu, Friedrich Lüth, Andreas Kotula, Henny Piezonka, Franz Schopper, Jiří Svoboda, Sandra Sázelová, Andrey Chizhevsky, Aleksandr Khokhlov, Nicholas J. Conard, Frédérique Valentin, Katerina Harvati, Patrick Semal, Bettina Jungklaus, Alexander Suvorov, Rick Schulting, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Kristiina Mannermaa, Alexandra Buzhilova, Thomas Terberger, David Caramelli, Eveline Altena, Wolfgang Haak, and Johannes Krause
Subjects: Multidisciplinary
Published: 2023

19. Kazakh Variations for Herders and Animals in the Mongolian Altai: Methodological Contributions to the Study of Nomadic Pastoralism

Author: Charlotte Marchina, Antoine Zazzo, Nicolas Lazzerini, Aurélie Coulon, Sébastien Lepetz, Noost Bayarkhuu, Tsagaan Turbat, Camille Noûs, Institut français de recherche sur l’Asie de l’Est (IFRAE), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS), University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Laboratoire Cogitamus, ANR-10-LABX-0003,BCDiv,Biological and Cultural Diversities : Origins, Evolution, Interactions, Future(2010), and ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011)
Subjects: Kazakhs, GPS tracking, nomadism, herd separation, Mongolia, Demography, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Kazakh herders of the Mongolian Altai practice a form of nomadism characterised by high altitudinal amplitude and more frequent movements than in other regions of Mongolia. This paper proposes a local scale study of nomadic practices using an original multidisciplinary methodological approach combining anthropological surveys and several years' GPS data tracking of five herder families' herds. The dialogue between geo-localised and qualitative data over several consecutive years makes it possible to better understand the environmental, economic, social and individual factors that determine nomadic routes and calendars. It also highlights the ways in which herders cope with interannual variations. In particular, this new methodology reveals the importance of temporary herd separations and re-evaluates the frequency of nomadic movements, which might have been underestimated by the classical anthropological approach.
Published: 2022

20. Making clothes, dressing the deceased: Analysis of 2nd century AD silk clothing from the child mummy of Burgast (Altai Mountains, Mongolia)

Author: Isaline Saunier, Vincent Bernard, Mathilde Cervel, Dominique Joly, Noost Bayarkhuu, Tsagaan Turbat, Antoine Zazzo, Sébastien Lepetz, Groupe Sociétés, Religions, Laïcités (GSRL), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Archéologie et Philologie d'Orient et d'Occident (AOROC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ville de Chartres et Chartres Métropole - Direction de l'Archéologie, Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This study was carried out within the framework of the work of the French Archaeological Mission in Mongolia (director Sébastien Lepetz) funded by the MEAE (French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs), the CNRS (National Centre for Scientific Research), the MNHN (National Museum of Natural of History) and the the French National Research Agency LabEx ANR-10-LABX-0003-BCDiv, in the context of the 'Investissements d’avenir' n°ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02., ANR-10-LABX-0003,BCDiv,Biological and Cultural Diversities : Origins, Evolution, Interactions, Future(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Nantes Université - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (Nantes Univ - UFR HHAA), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Sciences de l'Antiquité - ENS Paris (DSA ENS-PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 060102 archaeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 0601 history and archaeology, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of archaeological textiles is a primary source of knowledge about past societies, and the information it provides is remarkably diverse. However, special preservation conditions are needed to obtain an accurate picture of the use of textiles, particularly in the making of clothing. In Tomb 14 at the site of Burgast (Altai Mountains, Mongolia), excavated in 2016 by the French archaeological mission in Mongolia and the Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, the particular local conditions favoured the preservation of organic materials, including the complete clothing worn by the mummy of a child belonging to the Bulan-Kobin culture. This paper examines several questions on the origin of the raw material used and the role of these garments in funerary practices. The fibre analysis indicates that the silk and taffeta fabrics used to dress the mummy likely from China. We consider a plurality of sources (historical, archaeological, technical study analysis), as silk could have travelled. Our study of the tailoring shows that some of the textiles were probably re-used and provides new insights into clothing design and know-how. We argue that the deceased was dressed with care, and we propose that specific, non-quotidian garments were used for the funeral ceremony. Together, these findings contribute to describing little-known aspects of the Bulan-Kobin culture and hypotheses about its relations within the Xiongnu confederation.
Published: 2022

21. Monthly mobility inferred from isoscapes and laser ablation strontium isotope ratios in caprine tooth enamel

Author: Charlotte Marchina, Vincent Balter, M. Lemoine, Antoine Zazzo, T Turbat, N. Lazzerini, Théo Tacail, Sébastien Lepetz, Aurélie Coulon, Noost Bayarkhuu, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Bristol [Bristol], Institut français de recherche sur l’Asie de l’Est (IFRAE), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Provenance, Stable isotope analysis, Time Factors, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Isoscapes, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological Availability, chemistry.chemical_element, Animal migration, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Article, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Strontium Isotopes, stomatognathic system, Bioarchaeology, medicine, Animals, Dental Enamel, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Isotope analysis, Strontium, Multidisciplinary, Laser ablation, Geography, Goats, 010401 analytical chemistry, Mongolia, Biogeochemistry, Tooth enamel, Isotopes of strontium, 0104 chemical sciences, Environmental sciences, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Geographic Information Systems, Medicine, Laser Therapy, Physical geography, Geology
Abstract: Strontium isotopic analysis of sequentially formed tissues, such as tooth enamel, is commonly used to study provenance and mobility of humans and animals. However, the potential of 87Sr/86Sr in tooth enamel to track high-frequency movements has not yet been established, in part due to the lack of data on modern animals of known movement and predictive model of isotope variation across the landscape. To tackle this issue, we measured the 87Sr/86Sr in plant samples taken from a 2000 km2 area in the Altai Mountains (Mongolia), and the 87Sr/86Sr in tooth enamel of domestic caprines whose mobility was monitored using GPS tracking. We show that high-resolution, sequential profiles of strontium isotope composition of tooth enamel reliably reflect the high-frequency mobility of domestic livestock and that short-term residency of about 45 days can be resolved. This offers new perspectives in various disciplines, including forensics, ecology, palaeoanthropology, and bioarchaeology.
Published: 2021

22. Une nouvelle matière, une nouvelle culture : le coton en Arabie antique

Author: Charlène Bouchaud, Thomas CUCCHI, Vladimir Dabrowski, Éric Douville, Juliette Milon, Ryan, Saskia E., Margareta Tengberg, Antoine Zazzo, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

23. Human adaptation in the Lake Abhe Basin (Ethiopian Afar) during the Early to Middle Holocene African Humid Period

Author: Lamya Khalidi, Carlo Mologni, Clément Ménard, Lucie Coudert, Gourguen Davtian, Joséphine Lesur, Laurent Bruxelles, Marzia Gabriele, Jessie Cauliez, Blade Engda Redae, Haftom Berhane Taezaz, Lorène Chesnaux, Emily Hainsworth, Cecile Doubre, Marie Revel, Mathieu Schuster, Antoine Zazzo, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives, centre archéologique de Nîmes (Inrap, Nîmes), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies [Johannesburg] (GAES), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), and Bruxelles, Laurent
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

24. Archaeobotanical analysis of food and fuel procurement from Fulayj fort (Oman, 5th-8th c. CE) including the earliest secure evidence for sorghum in Eastern Arabia

Author: Margareta Tengberg, Seth Priestman, Vladimir Dabrowski, Charlène Bouchaud, Antoine Zazzo, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, biology, Agroforestry, Prosopis, Plant community, 15. Life on land, Firewood, Sorghum, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Arid, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Phoenix dactylifera, Foothills, Hordeum vulgare, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: The recent study of botanical macro-remains from the Late Sasanian and Early Islamic (5th to 8th century) fort of Fulayj (Batinah, Sultanate of Oman) provides a unique opportunity to discuss food and fuel acquisition strategies in an arid environment and to document periods that are little known from an archaeobotanical perspective in Eastern Arabia. Seed assemblages include the first well-identified and directly radiocarbon dated evidence of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor (L.) Moench.) in Eastern Arabia, which raises the question of whether the grain was imported from distant sources (for example Yemen, East Africa or India) or locally cultivated. In addition to sorghum, the food plant assemblage includes hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare), date (Phoenix dactylifera) and jujube (Ziziphus cf. spina-christi). Date palm gardens may have existed near to the site as they do today or food products may have been brought from date palm gardens on the Batinah coast where conditions for agricultural production are particularly favourable. Charcoal analysis reveals that the main taxa used for fuel (acacia, prosopis, jujube tree, tamarisk) were collected from local plant communities, occasionally supplemented with firewood gathered in the foothills and mountainous areas.
Published: 2021

25. Nature concepts et enjeux des référentiels isotopiques pour décrire les systèmes d’élevage du passé

Author: Marie Balasse, Rémi Berthon, Antoine Zazzo, Marjan Mashkour, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

26. Grazing high and low: Can we detect horse altitudinal mobility using high‐resolution isotope ( δ 13 C and δ 15 N values) time series in tail hair? A case study in the Mongolian Altai

Author: Charlotte Marchina, Laurent Simon, Nicolas Lazzerini, Sébastien Lepetz, Bayarkhuu Noost, Aurélie Coulon, and Antoine Zazzo
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, δ13C, Chemistry, Stable isotope ratio, 010401 analytical chemistry, Organic Chemistry, δ15N, Seasonality, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Altitude, Grazing, medicine, Physical geography, Spectroscopy, Isotope analysis
Abstract: Rationale Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope time series performed in continuously growing tissues (hair, tooth enamel) are commonly used to reconstruct the dietary history of modern and ancient animals. Predicting the effects of altitudinal mobility on animal δ13C and δ15N values remains difficult as several variables such as temperature, water availability or soil type can contribute to the isotope composition. Modern references adapted to the region of interest are therefore essential. Methods Between June 2015 and July 2018, six free-ranging domestic horses living in the Mongolian Altai were fitted with GPS collars. Tail hairs were sampled each year, prepared for sequential C and N isotope analysis using EAIRMS. Isotopic variations were compared with altitudinal mobility and Generalized Additive Mixed (GAMMs) models were used to model the effect of geographic and environmental factors on δ13C and δ15N values. Results Less than half of the pasture changes were linked with a significant isotopic shift while numerous isotopic shifts did not correspond to any altitudinal mobility. Similar patterns of δ13C and δ15N variations were observed between the different horses, despite differences in mobility patterns. We propose that water availability as well as seasonal availability of N2 fixing type plants primarily controlled horse hair δ13C and δ15N values, overprinting the influence of altitude. Conclusions Our study shows that altitudinal mobility is not the main factor that drives the variations in horse tail hair δ13C and δ15N values and that seasonal change in the animal dietary preference also plays an important role. It is therefore risky to interpret variations in δ13C and δ15N values of animal tissues in terms of altitudinal mobility alone, at least in C3–dominated environments.
Published: 2019

27. Toward a versatile protocol for radiocarbon and proteomics analysis of ancient collagen

Author: Séverine Zirah, Arul Marie, S. Cersoy, Antoine Zazzo, Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Protocol (science), 010506 paleontology, 0303 health sciences, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Bone decalcification, Computational biology, Biology, Proteomics, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Molecular level, law, De novo sequencing, Sample preparation, Radiocarbon dating, Animal species, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Ancient bone proteins provide a plethora of information regarding the identity, period, and diet/environment of animal species through proteomic analysis, radiocarbon dating and isotopic analysis respectively. However, each technique imposes specific constraints for bone protein extraction. Despite the sample preciousness and heterogeneity, these analyses are not routinely performed on the same aliquot. Protocol for radiocarbon dating are the most restrictive in terms of sample preparation and their effects have seldom been evaluated at the molecular level. Here, several extraction protocols were tested using modern and archaeological bones. Molecular characterization of the extracts was performed using electrophoresis and proteomics. Protocol-induced biases in peptide sequences and their effect on species identification were evaluated using database searching and partial de novo sequencing. This work shows that extraction protocols corresponding to mild bone decalcification conditions and using ultrafiltration are the most suitable for species identification.
Published: 2019

28. What's in a whale bone? Combining new analytical methods, ecology and history to shed light on ancient human-whale interactions

Author: Anne Charpentier, Ana S.L. Rodrigues, Claire Houmard, Alexandre Lefebvre, Krista McGrath, Camilla Speller, Laura van der Sluis, Antoine Zazzo, Jean-Marc Pétillon, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Departments of Archaeology [York] (BioArch), University of York [York, UK], Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This study is an output of the PaleoCet project, funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Projet-ANR-18-CE27-0018)., and ANR-18-CE27-0018,PaleoCet,L'exploitation des cétacés dans le Paléolithique de l'Europe atlantique(2018)
Subjects: ZooMS, Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, Ancient DNA, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, stable isotopes, archaeology, Geology, whale, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, ethnography, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, exploitation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; Ancient human-whale relationships are difficult to study because, counterintuitively, whales have been virtually invisible in the archaeological record despite the immense quantities of valuable products they provide. In this review, we explain the reasons for this invisibility, and we also show how an interdisciplinary approach combining archaeological and ethnographic studies with new biomolecular and isotopic techniques is yielding new insights, allowing a broader perspective on what whale bones found in archaeological sites or collections can tell us. Until recently, the rare whale bones found in archaeological sites were often overlooked or misidentified. The recent development of biomolecular methods, including ancient DNA analyses and collagen peptide mass fingerprinting (ZooMS), has enabled reliable identification of whale species from even small bone fragments. In addition, stable isotope analyses can provide information about ancient whale diets, feeding habits, migrations, or even environmental changes. Combined with radiocarbon dating, these approaches provide valuable ecological and historical context for whale conservation.
Published: 2022

29. Pyrolysis comprehensive gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: A new tool to assess the purity of ancient collagen prior to radiocarbon dating

Author: Antoine Zazzo, Michel Sablier, Ghizlène Daheur, S. Cersoy, Séverine Zirah, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Resolution (mass spectrometry), Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Bone and Bones, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, law, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Pyrroles, Sample preparation, Radiocarbon dating, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sheep, Chromatography, Chemistry, Radiometric Dating, 010401 analytical chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Hydrocarbons, 0104 chemical sciences, Demineralization, Archaeology, Collagen, Gas chromatography, Pyrolysis
Abstract: Exogenous carbonaceous contaminants coming from sediments significantly bias the radiocarbon date of collagen samples extracted from archaeological bone and teeth. In this study, a new approach combining pyrolysis, comprehensive gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC × GC/MS) was proposed to ensure their removal during the demineralization and bone collagen extraction. This approach permitted to identify hydrocarbon contaminants for archaeological samples from the Neolithic period, in 30–40 μg of collagen. The use of 2D GC improved importantly the separation, selectivity and resolution compared to 1D GC thus permitting to detect organic contaminants within the complex chromatograms issued from collagen pyrolysis. Moreover, efficiency of the extraction steps in collagen sample preparation for radiocarbon dating (acid and alkali treatments, filtration steps) could be evaluated for four different protocols on the basis of organic contaminant removal. Radiocarbon dating of the extracted collagen of four of the tested protocols corroborated the results of the Py GC × GC/MS data. This approach opens new perspectives for the use of comprehensive gas chromatography in the domain of archaeological sciences.
Published: 2018

30. The isotope record (δ13C, δ18O) of vertical mobility in incremental tissues (tooth enamel, hair) of modern livestock: A reference set from the Mongolian Altai

Author: Charlotte Marchina, Sébastien Lepetz, N. Lazzerini, Laurent Simon, Noost Bayarkhuu, Denis Fiorillo, Aurélie Coulon, C. Noûs, T Turbat, Antoine Zazzo, Institut français de recherche sur l’Asie de l’Est (IFRAE), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe 3 - Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains (E3S), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology, and Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS)
Subjects: Vertical mobility, 010506 paleontology, δ13C, δ18O, Range (biology), business.industry, Sequential isotope analysis Caprine Horse Herding strategy Plant GPS monitoring, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Tooth enamel, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, stomatognathic diseases, Altitude, medicine.anatomical_structure, stomatognathic system, Grazing, medicine, Livestock, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; Identifying the isotopic signatures of vertical mobility and alpine meadows exploitation in the teeth of domes- ticated animals can be a key to understanding the subsistence strategies used by pastoral communities through history. Indeed, the oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopic composition of sequentially sampled tooth enamel, used alone or in combination have been commonly employed to investigate altitudinal mobility and alpine exploitation. However, conflicting interpretations of the outcomes of these analyses exist, due in part to the paucity of modern reference datasets. In this study, we propose a new reference set, composed of GPS monitored sheep, goats and horses from the Mongolian Altai, to investigate the influence of vertical mobility and mean grazing altitude, on the C and O isotopic compositions of sequentially sampled tooth enamel and on the C iso- topic composition of horse tail hair. We found that δ13C values were negatively correlated with the mean grazing altitude and time of residency of alpine meadows. Although no correlation was found between the average δ18O values of tooth enamel and mean grazing altitude, vertically mobile livestock had a higher intra-tooth range in δ18O values than vertically immobile livestock, possibly reflecting the ingestion of isotopically more diverse sources of water. Moreover, the coefficient of the correlation between δ13C and δ18O values of tooth enamel was - although weakly - negatively correlated with the standard deviation of the animal mean grazing altitude (i.e. reflecting the frequency of altitudinal mobility). These results confirm that δ13C and δ18O analyses of tooth enamel and tail hair can be used to infer animal mobility and land use in modern and ancient times.
Published: 2021

31. Strontium isotope evidence for a trade network between southeastern Arabia and India during Antiquity

Author: Eric Douville, Céline Kerfant, Antoine Zazzo, Caroline Gauthier, Camille Noûs, Vladimir Dabrowski, Arnaud Dapoigny, Margareta Tengberg, Saskia E. Ryan, Michel Mouton, Xavier Desormeau, Charlène Bouchaud, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Microbiologie, adaptation et pathogénie (MAP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut Catala de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Institut Français du Proche-Orient (IFPO), MIN AFF ETRANG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cogitamus Laboratory, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie du Proche-Orient Hellénistique et Romain (APOHR), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Provenance, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Science, Subtropics, Gossypium, 01 natural sciences, Article, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Crop, Peninsula, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0601 history and archaeology, Author Correction, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, biology, 06 humanities and the arts, Biogeochemistry, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Arid, Isotopes of strontium, Geochemistry, Geography, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Period (geology), Medicine, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Abstract: Cotton (Gossypium sp.), a plant of tropical and sub-tropical origin, appeared at several sites on the Arabian Peninsula at the end of the 1st mill. BCE-beginning of the 1st mill. CE. Its spread into this non-native, arid environment is emblematic of the trade dynamics that took place at this pivotal point in human history. Due to its geographical location, the Arabian Peninsula is connected to both the Indian and African trading spheres, making it complex to reconstruct the trans-continental trajectories of plant diffusion into and across Arabia in Antiquity. Key questions remain pertaining to: (1) provenance, i.e. are plant remains of local or imported origin and (2) the precise timing of cotton arrival and spread. The ancient site of Mleiha, located in modern-day United Arab Emirates, is a rare and significant case where rich archaeobotanical remains dating to the Late Pre-Islamic period (2nd–3rd c. CE), including cotton seeds and fabrics, have been preserved in a burned-down fortified building. To better understand the initial trade and/or production of cotton in this region, strontium isotopes of leached, charred cotton remains are used as a powerful tracer and the results indicate that the earliest cotton finds did not originate from the Oman Peninsula, but were more likely sourced from further afield, with the north-western coast of India being an isotopically compatible provenance. Identifying the presence of such imported cotton textiles and seeds in southeastern Arabia is significant as it is representative of the early diffusion of the crop in the region, later to be grown extensively in local oases.
Published: 2021

32. L’immuable intéraction des habitants du site de Huaca Amarilla avec leurs jeunes défunts (Désert de Sechura, côté nord du Pérou)

Author: Lucie Dausse, Nicolas Goepfert, Elise Dufour, Antoine Zazzo, Christine Lefèvre, Belkys Gutiérrez, and Sànchez Vàsquez
Subjects: Cultural Studies, Archeology, Anthropology
Published: 2021

33. Untangling the fibre ball: Proteomic characterization of South American camelid hair fibres by untargeted multivariate analysis and molecular networking

Author: Arul Marie, Jane C. Wheeler, Elise Dufour, Nicolas Goepfert, Clara Azémard, Antoine Zazzo, Séverine Zirah, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), CONOPA - Instituto de Investigacion y Desarrollo de Camelidos Sudamericanos, Archéologie des Amériques (ArchAm), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proteomics, Old World, Multivariate analysis, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biophysics, Endangered species, Biochemistry, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolomics, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Animals, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, biology, South America, biology.organism_classification, Molecular network, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, South american, Molecular networking, Multivariate Analysis, Camelids, New World, Camelid, Hair
Abstract: The proteomic analysis of hairs, yarns or textiles has emerged as a powerful method to determine species of origin, mainly used in archaeozoological research and fraud control. Differentiation between the South American camelid (SAC) species (the wild guanaco and vicuna and their respective domesticates the llama and alpaca) is particularly challenging due to poor database information and significant hybridization between species. In this study, we analysed 41 modern and 4 archaeological samples from the four SACs species. Despite strong similarities with Old World Camelidae, we identified 7 peptides specific to SACs assigned to keratin K86 and the keratin-associated proteins KAP13-1 and KAP11-1. Untargeted multivariate analysis of the LC-MS data permitted to distinguish SAC species and propose discriminant features. MS/MS-based molecular networking combined with database-assisted de novo sequencing permitted to identify 5 new taxonomic peptides assigned to K33a, K81 and/or K83 keratins and KAP19-1. These peptides differentiate the two wild species, guanaco and vicuna. These results show the value of combining database search and untargeted metabolomic approaches for paleoproteomics, and reveal for the first time the potential of molecular networks to highlight deamidation related to diagenesis and cluster highly similar peptides related to interchain homologies or intra- or inter-specific polymorphism. SIGNIFICANCE: This study used an innovative approach combining multivariate analysis of LC-MS data together with molecular networking and database-assisted de novo sequencing to identify taxonomic peptides in palaeoproteomics. It constitutes the first attempt to differentiate between hair fibres from the four South American camelids (SACs) based on proteomic analysis of modern and archaeological samples. It provides different proteomic signatures for each of the four SAC species and proposes new SAC taxonomic peptides of interest in archaeozoology and fraud control. SACs have been extensively exploited since human colonization of South America but have not been studied to the extent of their economic, cultural and heritage importance. Applied to the analysis of ancient Andean textiles, our results should permit a better understanding of cultural and pastoral practices in South America. The wild SACs are endangered by poaching and black-market sale of their fibre. For the first time, our results provide discriminant features for the determination of species of origin of contraband fibre.
Published: 2021

34. A Macaw ( Ara sp.) in a Preceramic Site from the Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia, Dated to the Ninth Millennium cal BP

Author: Gonzalo Correal-Urrego, Christine Lefèvre, Carl Langebaek-Rueda, Leslie F. Noè, Antoine Zazzo, Catalina M. Zorro-Luján, Sandrine Grouard, Germán Peña, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, History, Taphonomy, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Range (biology), [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), CONQUEST, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Macaw, law, Radiocarbon dating, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Osteology, biology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Geography, Taxon
Abstract: International audience; The attribution of osteological remains of a bird discovered in Preceramic deposits at Nemocón IV rockshelter (Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia) to Ara sp. (macaws) is confirmed through osteological and morphometrical analyses. Thirteen bones were recovered from two adjacent, arbitrary excavation levels; and are considered the remains of a single individual because of the rarity of the taxon, their similar size and taphonomic alteration, and the presence of paired elements. Radiocarbon dating of the macaw reveals it comes from the ninth millennium cal BP, the oldest date recorded from Nemocón IV. Paleoenvironmental data suggest that, during the deposition of the Preceramic levels at Nemocón IV, climatic conditions were close to those of today. The modern range of the macaws is outside these climatic parameters, and all modern Ara species are allochthonous to the Sabana de Bogotá, indicating the archaeological macaw was also allochthonous in Preceramic times. Analysis of the remains shows the macaw was not dismembered, so it is unlikely that it was used as food. Early conquest records indicate macaws were traded and maintained outside their natural ranges as pets, as a source of feathers, for use in rituals, or for a combination of uses.; La atribución de los restos óseos de un ave descubiertos en los depósitos Precerámicos de Nemocón IV (abrigo rocoso, Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia) al género Ara (guacamayas) se confirma por medio de análisis osteológicos y osteométricos. Trece huesos, recuperados en dos niveles arbitrarios adyacentes de la excavación, se consideran como pertenecientes a un solo individuo dadas la rareza del taxón, la similitud de los tamaños de los elementos, la presencia de pares de elementos y la homogeneidad en la preservación. Actualmente, las guacamayas son alóctonas de la Sabana de Bogotá y los datos paleoambientales indican que durante la ocupación del sitio las condiciones eran cercanas a las de hoy. Lo anterior permite afirmar que la guacamaya arqueológica también era alóctona en tiempos Precerámicos. El análisis de los restos indicó que el ave no fue desmembrada por lo que se sugiere que no fue consumida. Los registros de la conquista española temprana señalan que las guacamayas se intercambiaban y se mantenían fuera de sus áreas naturales como mascotas, para obtener sus plumas, para usarlas en rituales o para darles una combinación de estos usos. La datación radiocarbónica de la guacamaya la ubica aproximadamente 9000 cal aP. Esta fecha es la más antigua para Nemocón IV.
Published: 2020

35. The radiocarbon age of mycoheterotrophic plants

Author: Marc-André Selosse, Christine Hatté, Antoine Zazzo, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 0303 health sciences, Physiology, Transit time, Plant Science, Biology, Wood, 01 natural sciences, Carbon, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, Mycorrhizae, Botany, Radiocarbon dating, Orchidaceae, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

36. 9000 years of human lakeside adaptation in the Ethiopian Afar: Fisher-foragers and the first pastoralists in the Lake Abhe basin during the African Humid Period

Author: Gourguen Davtian, Blade Engda Redae, Antoine Zazzo, Jessie Cauliez, Carlo Mologni, Marzia Gabriele, Mathieu Schuster, Lorène Chesnaux, Marie Revel, Joséphine Lesur, Laurent Bruxelles, Clément Ménard, Lucie Coudert, Cécile Doubre, Emily Hainsworth, Lamya Khalidi, Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre Français des Etudes Ethiopiennes (CFEE), CFEE, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre d'Études Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Economies, sociétés et environnements préhistoriques (ESEP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Later Stone Age, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Structural basin, Monsoon, Climate dynamics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Ethiopian Afar, Paleolandscape evolution, law, Littoral zone, Younger Dryas, Radiocarbon dating, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Geology, Geomorphology, Lake Abhe, 15. Life on land, Herding, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Geomorphology Coastal, African Humid Period, Geography, Coastal, Africa, Period (geology), Physical geography
Abstract: In this study, new approaches are developed for measuring and understanding the reactivity of East African amplifier lakes and the societies that occupied their margins to African monsoon related hydrological changes. Drawing on seven newly discovered archaeological sites in the Lower Awash valley, corresponding to the northern Abhe Lake basin, we present the first Holocene human occupation sequence in the Ethiopian Afar. We reconstitute fluctuating Abhe Lake levels in association with human settlement strategies through correlation of new archaeological and geomorphological data and 37 new radiocarbon dates. The sites cluster into three periods of human occupation of the lake margins separated by intervals that lack archaeological data. These occupation phases span two major humid-arid transitions of the African Humid Period (AHP) (including the Younger Dryas (YD, ∼12.9–11.7 ka), 8.2 ka, and 4.2 ka arid events) during which Abhe Lake levels varied significantly, and the transition from Later Stone Age (LSA) hunter-gatherers to mixed herding-hunter-gatherer economies. Over a 9000 year period we observe continuity and ruptures in subsistence strategies and material culture techno-complexes and correlate these with sedimentary formation processes and changing paleo-shorelines. Our study reveals that flexible multiple resource economies were a human response to strongly fluctuating environments, even with the onset of herding and associated pottery traditions unique to the Abhe Lake basin, sometime between 4.8 and 3.3 ka cal. BP. Thorough evaluation of littoral morpho-sedimentary data, well-dated human settlements and associated economic strategies suggests that major cultural and socio-economic changes of populations inhabiting Abhe paleolakeshores were distinctive ecological responses to transformations in the local environment and to fluctuating lake levels.
Published: 2020

37. Marking the sacral landscape of a north Arabian oasis: a sixth-millennium BC monumental stone platform and surrounding burials

Author: Hervé Monchot, Thamer al-Malki, Antoine Zazzo, Rémy Crassard, Olivia Munoz, Olivier Brunet, Céline Marquaire, Vanessa Boschloos, Guillaume Charloux, Marianne Cotty, Charlène Bouchaud, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée du Louvre, Département des antiquités orientales (AO), ORIENT ET MÉDITERRANÉE : Textes, Archéologie, Histoire (OM), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Mondes sémitiques (OM-MS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie : École doctorale d'Archéologie, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée du Louvre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Ghent University, Dept. of Archaeology, Ghenth University, Saudi Commisssion for Tourism and Antiquities, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, General Arts and Humanities, Pastoralism, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Excavation, Wetland, Nomadic pastoralism, nomadic pastoralism, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Prehistory, Funerary landscape, Geography, Mid-Holocene, Monumentality, Arabian Peninsula, 0601 history and archaeology, Neolithic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Prehistoric stone structures are prominent and well-studied in the Levantine desert margins. In northern Arabia, however, such structures have received less attention. This article presents the results of investigations of a 35m-long stone platform, first constructed in the mid sixth millennium BC, overlooking the oasis of Dûmat al-Jandal in northern Saudi Arabia. Excavation of the platform has yielded bioarchaeological and cultural remains, along with evidence for several phases of construction and intermittent use down to the first millennium BC. Analysis of the platform and nearby tombs highlights the persistent funerary and ritual use of this area over millennia, illuminating nomadic pastoralist lifeways in prehistoric Arabia.
Published: 2020

38. Tracking the Near Eastern origins and European dispersal of the western house mouse

Author: Yannis Hamilakis, Fanis Mavridis, Melinda A. Zeder, François Raymond Valla, François Bonhomme, Régis Debruyne, Fereidoun Biglari, Greger Larson, Emma Jenkins, Cameron A. Petrie, Antoine Zazzo, Adrian Bălășescu, Alireza Sardari, Jean-Christophe Auffray, Roohollah Siahsarvi, Marjan Mashkour, Christiane Denys, Jean-Denis Vigne, Jamshid Darvish, Thomas Cucchi, Alan H. Simmons, Katerina Papayianni, Lloyd Weeks, Sophie Cersoy, Sepideh Maziar, Rémi Berthon, Laetitia Aznar-Cormano, David Orton, Jeremy B. Searle, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wiener Laboratory, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institute of Archaeology Vasile Parvan, Desert Research Institute (DRI), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brown University, Ephorate of Palaeoanthropology–Speleology, Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports (YPPO), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Center for Paleolithic Research, National Museum of Iran, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, School of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia, Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), Iranian Center for Archaeological Research (ICAR), Tehran, Iran, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Departments of Archaeology [York] (BioArch), University of York [York, UK], Bournemouth University [Poole] (BU), Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Cornell University [New York], University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0003,BCDiv,Biological and Cultural Diversities : Origins, Evolution, Interactions, Future(2010), Petrie, Cameron [0000-0002-2926-7230], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), University of Oxford, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 631/45, Molecular biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Introduced species, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, House mouse, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Mice, law, Radiocarbon dating, Europe, Eastern, lcsh:Science, 631/601, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, Middle East, biology, Ecology, article, Mitochondria, Geography, Archaeology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 631/337, 010506 paleontology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, DNA, Mitochondrial, 03 medical and health sciences, Human settlement, Asia, Western, Animals, Humans, Domestication, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:R, Radiometric Dating, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, Computational biology and bioinformatics, 030104 developmental biology, Cyprus, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Q, House mice, 631/114, 631/158, Introduced Species, Zoology
Abstract: The house mouse (Mus musculus) represents the extreme of globalization of invasive mammals. However, the timing and basis of its origin and early phases of dispersal remain poorly documented. To track its synanthropisation and subsequent invasive spread during the develoment of complex human societies, we analyzed 829 Mus specimens from 43 archaeological contexts in Southwestern Asia and Southeastern Europe, between 40,000 and 3,000 cal. BP, combining geometric morphometrics numerical taxonomy, ancient mitochondrial DNA and direct radiocarbon dating. We found that large late hunter-gatherer sedentary settlements in the Levant, c. 14,500 cal. BP, promoted the commensal behaviour of the house mouse, which probably led the commensal pathway to cat domestication. House mouse invasive spread was then fostered through the emergence of agriculture throughout the Near East 12,000 years ago. Stowaway transport of house mice to Cyprus can be inferred as early as 10,800 years ago. However, the house mouse invasion of Europe did not happen until the development of proto urbanism and exchange networks — 6,500 years ago in Eastern Europe and 4000 years ago in Southern Europe — which in turn may have driven the first human mediated dispersal of cats in Europe.
Published: 2020

39. Detecting stratigraphical issues using direct radiocarbon dating from small‐mammal remains

Author: Juan Rofes, Anne Tresset, Aurélien Royer, Pierre-Yves Nicod, Mathieu Langlais, Sophie Cersoy, Véronique Laroulandie, Yvan Pailler, Antoine Zazzo, Franck Leandri, Matthieu Lebon, Céline Leandri, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MC - Ministère de la culture, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: absolute dates, stratigraphic sequences, 010506 paleontology, intrusive episodes, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Small mammal, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Paleontology, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), small mammals, Absolute dating, law, ddc:550, Small mammals, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Radiocarbon dating, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Préhistoire, Intrusive episodes, archaeology, Absolute dates, Radiocarbone, Archaeology, Stratigraphic sequences, France, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Frequently preserved in archaeological and palaeontological sites, the tiny size of small‐mammal remains favours percolations into underlying layers along stratigraphic sequences. This is one of the various post‐depositional processes that may affect the integrity of the original deposits and therefore the subsequent scientific interpretations. Recent developments in sample preparation offer the possibility of detecting intrusive episodes through the absolute dating of minute amounts of bone (down to 10 mg), meaning that isolated elements (such as mandibles in this case) are sufficient to obtain reliable radiocarbon dates if collagen is moderately to well preserved. The radiocarbon dates obtained here for small‐mammal bones (recovered from pre‐Bølling to recent deposits) and their comparison with previous dates obtained from other sources (large‐mammal bones, charcoal, botanical samples, etc.), with different protocols and instruments, illustrate the potential of small‐mammal dating to reveal (and eventually contribute a solution to) stratigraphical issues in different archaeological contexts.
Published: 2020

40. Isotopic evidence for changing mobility and landscape use patterns between the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age in western Ireland

Author: Julia A. Lee-Thorp, Nadine Mattielli, Carleton Jones, John Pouncett, Antoine Zazzo, Christophe Snoeck, Rick Schulting, Paula J. Reimer, Steven Goderis, Philippe Claeys, Chemistry, History, Archeology, Arts, Philosophy and Ethics, Multidisciplinary Archaeological Research Institute, Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry, and Earth System Sciences
Subjects: Mobility, Archeology, Strontium, cremation, chemistry.chemical_element, Small sample, Généralités, Chalcolithic, Archaeology, mobility, Isotopes of strontium, law.invention, Cremation, Geography, chemistry, Isotopes, law, Bronze Age, Radiocarbon dating, Ireland, isotopes
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study using strontium, oxygen and carbon isotopes, strontium concentrations, infrared analyses and radiocarbon dating to investigate human mobility and landscape use as seen in individuals from the Neolithic court tomb of Parknabinnia, Co. Clare, Ireland. Taking advantage of the recent demonstration that it is possible to obtain reliable in vivo strontium isotope signals from calcined bone, we compare measurements on cremated bone (n = 4) and uncremated tooth enamel (n = 4). The results suggest that two out of four uncremated enamel samples can be considered ‘local’ while the other two, and all four cremated bone samples, represent ‘non-local’ individuals. New radiocarbon dates obtained on two of the cremated bone fragments place them in the Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age, contrasting with the Neolithic dates previously obtained on the uncremated remains, demonstrating re-use of the monument. Assuming that our small sample is representative, it seems that the court tomb was used for burial by both ‘locals’ and ‘non-locals’ during the Neolithic and predominantly by ‘non-locals’ in the Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age. This stands in contrast to the nearby Early Neolithic portal tomb of Poulnabrone where only one individual (of 17 analysed) appears to be an ‘outsider’. Our results suggest that, even within a small region, mobility and landscape use may have differed significantly within the Neolithic and also between the Neolithic and the Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

41. Des téphras piégés par le karst ardéchois : contexte et chronostratigraphie du remplissage de l’Aven du Devès de Reynaud (Saint-Remèze, Ardèche)

Author: Puaud, S., Billaud, Y., Olivier TOMBRET, Crépin, L., Lepenant, M., Lebon, M., J Bahain, J., Falguères, C., Garbé, L., Voinchet, P., É, Debard, F Pastre, J., Antoine Zazzo, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

42. Season of death of domestic horses deposited in a ritual complex from Bronze Age Mongolia Insights from oxygen isotope time-series in tooth enamel

Author: Vincent Bernard, Mathilde Cervel, Aurélie Coulon, Dominique Joly, Tsagaan Turbat, Antoine Zazzo, Noost Bayarkhuu, Denis Fiorillo, Charlotte Marchina, Sébastien Lepetz, Camille Noûs, Nicolas Lazzerini, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut français de recherche sur l’Asie de l’Est (IFRAE), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Nantes Université (NU), Archéologie et Philologie d'Orient et d'Occident (AOROC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Cogitamus, ANR-10-LABX-0003-BCDiv, ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-12-ADAP-0001,ABC - PaPoGen,Adaptation en lutte biologique - Génomique des populations de parasitoïdes(2012), ANR-11-IDEX-0003,IPS,Idex Paris-Saclay(2011), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Sciences de l'Antiquité - ENS Paris (DSA ENS-PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, food.ingredient, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Steppe, Horse meat, Pastoralism, 01 natural sciences, food, Bronze Age, 0601 history and archaeology, Funerary practices, Zooarchaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Series (stratigraphy), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, Time of death, Geochemistry, Domestic animal, Nomadism, Altai, Khirgisuur
Abstract: International audience; The horse, as a domestic animal, had a strong impact on the organisation of ancient societies of the eastern steppes of Eurasia by enabling people to move faster and transport goods and people more efficiently. This newfound mobility was accompanied by profound changes in the expression of ritual practices, and horses are repeatedly found in funerary monuments of the Late Bronze Age in Mongolia. While recent advances in research have highlighted the link between the presence of horses in ritual monuments and their role in the pastoralist diet, little is yet known about their practical contexts – including the season in which the animals were slaughtered and the time of year when the funerary and ritual sites were visited. In modern Mongolia, horse meat is consumed during winter, but the antiquity of this practice is currently undocumented. Here, we use stable oxygen isotope variations (δ18O) recorded by developing molars of horses to estimate the season of slaughter of two horses deposited at the Late Bronze Age khirgisuur of Burgast (Bayan-Ölgii province, western Mongolia). The analysis of a modern reference set consisting of five horses from the same locality shows that it is possible to date the time of death with a resolution of the order of the season. Isotopic analysis of the two ancient horses suggests that they were slaughtered in early (November) and late (February) winter. Zooarchaeological evidence reveals that while the first horse was deposited shortly after death, the second was deposited several months after death, following open-air exposure. These preliminary results provide an important landmark to document the multi-dimensional aspects (economic, social, as well as cultural) of the role of horses in the ritual practices of Bronze Age Mongolia. They indicate that the timing of horse deposition is more complex than previously thought. They also demonstrate that winter slaughtering of horses dates back to the Late Bronze Age and was probably constrained by a combination of economic and practical decisions regarding meat preservation. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Published: 2020

43. Date of death of domestic caprines assessed by oxygen isotopic analysis of developing molars: Implications for deciphering the calendar of pastoral activities in prehistory

Author: Sébastien Lepetz, Aurélie Coulon, Tsagaan Turbat, Charlotte Marchina, Nicolas Lazzerini, Antoine Zazzo, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut français de recherche sur l’Asie de l’Est (IFRAE), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Molar, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Tooth eruption, Biology, Warm season, 01 natural sciences, Modelling, Prehistory, Egiin Gol, Seasonality of birth, 0601 history and archaeology, Funerary practices, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Isotope analysis, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 060102 archaeology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Developing tooth, Xiongnu, 06 humanities and the arts, Mongolia, Annual cycle, Tooth wear, Physical geography, Sequential δ18O analyses
Abstract: International audience; The assessment of the date of death (DOD) of animals found in archaeological sites provides insights into the exploitation of their environment by ancient mobile and sedentary populations. In an attempt to overcome the limitations of the traditional methods, we determine the DOD of domestic caprines using sequential oxygen isotope analysis of developing tooth enamel. We built a reference set composed of developing molars from 14 modern sheep and goats from Western and Central Mongolia with known DOD. The teeth were sequentially sampled, and δ 18 O sequences were modelled using a cosine function in order to position the lowermost δ 18 O value (δ f) within the annual cycle. We found that δ f values are strongly linearly correlated with the DOD (R 2 ¼ 0.88), allowing the use of this regression to estimate the DOD with a precision of about �25 d (1σ). This method was applied to determine the DOD of caprines found in two graves in the Xiongnu necropolis of Egiin Gol, Mongolia. We determined a slaughter date of late July and late September for the two graves, respectively, suggesting that burial occurred during the warm season. By combining this information with age at death assessed using tooth eruption stages and tooth wear patterns, we were also able to determine that caprine birth occurred mostly in April and was strongly controlled within this seasonal window by the herders, much like in Mongolia today.
Published: 2020

44. Rapport SEEG Gobaad. Conditions environnementales et dynamiques de peuplement dans la Corne de l'Afrique de la fin du Pléistocène à l'Holocène moyen-récent. L'impact des évolutions lacustres du Lac Abbé sur les origines et la consolidation des premières sociétés productrices du bassin du Gobaad. Programme PSPCA Premières Sociétés de Production dans la Corne de l'Afrique 2014-2019

Author: Jessie Cauliez, Laurent Bruxelles, Lucie Coudert, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Elise Dufour, Jean-Baptiste FOURVEL, Benjamin Lans, Joséphine Lesur, Marie Matu, Carlo Mologni, Chantal Tribolo, Antoine Zazzo, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Préhistoire, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (IRSNB), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Aménagement, Développement, Environnement, Santé et Sociétés (ADES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Bordeaux Montaigne, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Institut des Recherches Archéologiques et Historiques du CERD (République de Djibouti), Ministère de l’Europe et des Affaires Étrangères, UMR 5608 Traces, CFEE, Ambassade de France en République de Djibouti, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Published: 2020

45. Direct dating reveals the early history of opium poppy in western Europe

Author: Aldona Mueller-Bieniek, Aurélie Salavert, Lucie Martin, Ivana Vostrovská, Claire Manen, François Thil, Mario Mineo, Mauro Rottoli, Caroline Gauthier, Núria Rovira, Raquel Piqué, Laurent Bouby, Antoine Zazzo, Olivier Tombret, Ferran Antolín, Françoise Toulemonde, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes (ASM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Fondation Fyssen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Plant domestication, lcsh:Medicine, Opium Poppy, 01 natural sciences, Article, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, law, ddc:550, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Domestication, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, 060102 archaeology, lcsh:R, 06 humanities and the arts, Biogeochemistry, Archaeology, Geography, Western europe, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Q, Chronology
Abstract: Ajuts: We would like to thank the Fyssen Foundation for financially supporting the 1-year project (2018-2019) "Origin and early dispersal of the opium poppy in Europe during the Neolithic" (PI: A. Salavert). Financial support has also been received from the Swiss National Science Foundation as part of a SNF Professorship (PI: F. Antolín, Grant Number: PP00P1_170515). This paper aims to define the first chrono-cultural framework on the domestication and early diffusion of the opium poppy using small-sized botanical remains from archaeological sites, opening the way to directly date minute short-lived botanical samples. We produced the initial set of radiocarbon dates directly from the opium poppy remains of eleven Neolithic sites (5900-3500 cal BCE) in the central and western Mediterranean, northwestern temperate Europe, and the western Alps. When possible, we also dated the macrobotanical remains originating from the same sediment sample. In total, 22 samples were taken into account, including 12 dates directly obtained from opium poppy remains. The radiocarbon chronology ranges from 5622 to 4050 cal BCE. The results show that opium poppy is present from at least the middle of the sixth millennium in the Mediterranean, where it possibly grew naturally and was cultivated by pioneer Neolithic communities. Its dispersal outside of its native area was early, being found west of the Rhine in 5300-5200 cal BCE. It was introduced to the western Alps around 5000-4800 cal BCE, becoming widespread from the second half of the fifth millennium. This research evidences different rhythms in the introduction of opium poppy in western Europe.
Published: 2020

46. Palaeoproteomics gives new insight into early southern African pastoralism

Author: Joséphine Lesur, Matthieu Lebon, Florent Détroit, Olivier Tombret, Sophie Cersoy, Louise Le Meillour, Séverine Zirah, David Pleurdeau, Alma Nankela, Antoine Zazzo, Emma Imalwa, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe de Paléontologie Humaine [Paris], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Namibia, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), National Heritage Council of Namibia (NHC), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Proteomics, 0301 basic medicine, Livestock, Later Stone Age, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pastoralism, lcsh:Medicine, Bone and Bones, Article, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Domestication, South Africa, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cave, law, biology.animal, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Animals, Radiocarbon dating, lcsh:Science, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Osteology, Fossils, Radiometric Dating, lcsh:R, Paleontology, Leopard, Biological Evolution, 030104 developmental biology, Antelopes, Archaeology, Evolutionary biology, Identification (biology), lcsh:Q, Collagen, Tooth, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The advent of domestication is a major step that transformed the subsistence strategies of past human societies. In Africa, domestic caprines (sheep and goat) were introduced in the north-eastern part of the continent from the Near East more than 9000 years ago. However, their diffusion southwards was slow. They are thought to have made their first appearance in the southern part of the continent ca. 2000 years ago, at a few Later Stone Age sites, including Leopard Cave (Erongo region, Namibia), which provided the oldest directly dated remains assigned to sheep or goat on the basis of morphology of bones and teeth. However, similarities in morphology, not only between these two domesticated caprine species, but also between them and the small wild antelopes, raised questions about the morphological species attribution of these remains. Additionally, the high fragmentation of the site’s osteological remains makes it difficult to achieve species-level taxonomic identification by comparative anatomy. In this paper, we report molecular species identification of the Leopard Cave remains using palaeoproteomics, a method that uses protein markers in bone and tooth collagen to achieve taxonomic identification of archaeological remains. We also report new direct radiocarbon dates. Wild antelope remains from museum collections were used to enrich the available protein record and propose de novo type I collagen sequences. Our results demonstrate that the remains morphologically described as domesticates actually belong to a wild antelope species and that domestic caprines first appeared at Leopard Cave 1500 years later than previously thought. This study illustrates that the use of palaeoproteomics coupled with direct radiocarbon dates is particularly suited to complement classic zooarchaeological studies, in this case concerning the arrival of the first herding practices in arid environments.
Published: 2020

47. Can we identify the Mexican hairless dog in the archaeological record? Morphological and genetic insights from Tizayuca, Basin of Mexico

Author: Aurélie Manin, Morgane Ollivier, Christine Lefèvre, Juan Carlos Equihua Manrique, Antoine Zazzo, Olivier Tombret, Fabiola Bastian, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Plateforme nationale de Paléogénétique (Palgene), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratorio de Geofísica (INAH), Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia [Mexico] (INAH-Mexico), Fondation Fyssen, MSCA-IF-2016 n°748679, H2020, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, AM, H2020, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, AZ-749, AMS, Agricultural Marketing Service, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)
Subjects: Radiocarbon dating, 0301 basic medicine, Archeology, Mitochondrial DNA, Coat, Ectodermal dysplasia, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Archaeological record, Canine ectodermal dysplasia, Mesoamerica, Biology, Domestication, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Xoloitzcuintle, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetic diversity, Ancient DNA, integumentary system, Haplotype, Zooarchaeology, medicine.disease, Breed, Hairless, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The Mexican Hairless dog, or Xoloitzcuintle, is a breed characterised by a sparse hair coat and a severe oligodontia. This phenotype is a consequence of Canine Ectodermal Dysplasia (CED) caused by a mutation on the FoxI3 autosomal gene. First accounts of hairless dogs in Mexico are dated to the 16th century CE, according to the historical record, but pre-Hispanic dog skeletons presenting missing and abnormally shaped teeth have been interpreted as earlier evidence of hairless dogs. However, several questions remain unanswered regarding the timing of apparition of this phenotype and its relationship with modern hairless breeds. In this paper, we review the morphological characteristics of potential hairless dogs and we apply ancient mitochondrial DNA analyses along with radiocarbon dating to eight archaeological dog mandibles from Tizayuca, Basin of Mexico, presenting anomalies that could be attributed to a CED. The archaeological dogs were dated between 1620 and 370 years BP. Among these eight individuals, we identify four different mitochondrial haplotypes including two novel haplotypes. The dogs from the Basin of Mexico display a very high genetic diversity and continuity from the Classic to the Postclassic. However, our attempt at amplifying the FoxI3 mutation was unsuccessful. Finally, we show that some haplotypes are present in both archaeological dogs and modern hairless breeds, perhaps reflecting their maternal ancestry. © 2018
Published: 2018

48. Strontium isotope analysis on cremated human remains from Stonehenge support links with west Wales

Author: Philippe Claeys, Julia A. Lee-Thorp, John Pouncett, Mike Parker Pearson, Rick Schulting, Christophe Snoeck, Nadine Mattielli, Christie Willis, Steven Goderis, Antoine Zazzo, University of Oxford [Oxford], Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University College of London [London] (UCL), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology, Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry, Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Archaeological Research Institute, and Earth System Sciences
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, History, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Human Migration, lcsh:Medicine, Fossil bone, 01 natural sciences, Article, Mass Spectrometry, Anthropology, Physical, Histoire, Strontium Isotopes, Bronze Age, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, Dental Enamel, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, Wales, 060102 archaeology, lcsh:R, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, Isotopes of strontium, Archaeological evidence, Body Remains, Cremation, general, lcsh:Q, Archéologie et techniques des fouilles
Abstract: Cremated human remains from Stonehenge provide direct evidence on the life of those few select individuals buried at this iconic Neolithic monument. The practice of cremation has, however, precluded the application of strontium isotope analysis of tooth enamel as the standard chemical approach to study their origin. New developments in strontium isotopic analysis of cremated bone reveal that at least 10 of the 25 cremated individuals analysed did not spend their lives on the Wessex chalk on which the monument is found. Combined with the archaeological evidence, we suggest that their most plausible origin lies in west Wales, the source of the bluestones erected in the early stage of the monument’s construction. These results emphasise the importance of inter-regional connections involving the movement of both materials and people in the construction and use of Stonehenge., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2018

49. Customs, rites, and sacrifices relating to a mortuary complex in Late Bronze Age Mongolia (Tsatsyn Ereg, Arkhangai)

Author: Jérôme Magail, Sébastien Lepetz, Jamyian-Ombo Gantulga, Vincent Bernard, Antoine Zazzo, Solenn de Larminat, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée d'Anthropologie préhistorique de Monaco, Monaco, Institute of History and Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)
Subjects: Bronze Age, 010506 paleontology, skull, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 01 natural sciences, archéozoologie, calcined bones, deer stones, zooarchaeology, Sacrifice, caprine, 0601 history and archaeology, capriné, os calcinés, cercles de pierres, stone circles, Taxonomy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060102 archaeology, Age at death, Biodiversity, 06 humanities and the arts, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, Archaeology, monument, horse, Khirigsuur, Geography, âge du Bronze, Anthropology, pierre à cerf, Animal Science and Zoology, crâne, cheval, pastoralism
Abstract: International audience; Deer stone and khirigsuur complexes are monuments that are characteristic of the Late Bronze Age (1200-700 BC) of the steppes of central and northern Mongolia. The khirigsuurs are made up of a large central mound around which are distributed peripheral structures: mounds and circles of stones. The peripheral mounds cover heads, vertebrae and phalanges of horses. At the centre of the circles of stones, the deposits consist of the burnt bones of caprines. This article discusses the ingredients that will allow us to better understand the gestures performed as part of the activities around the ritual monuments at Tsatsyn Ereg (Mongolia). The presence in certain mounds of a cranium and mandibles belonging to two different individuals reveals that the explanation for the horse deposits is more complicated than a simple action of in situ sacrifice. Analysis of age at death reveals that elderly animals are numerous. Males form a strong majority. The analysis of the almost 12 000 calcined remains recovered from the circles reveals that teeth and feet of caprines are disproportionately represented. The paper links the circles of stones that delimit the fireplaces with the action of purification. For the khirigsuur B10, the analysis of the alignment of the mounds and the stone circles and the orientation of the horses gives the impression of a herd of horses taking or pulling the deceased towards the rising sun. The communal aspect of the activities conducted around these large tombs is evident. We perceive all of the complexity of the deer stone and khirigsuur (DSK) phenomenon, which is simultaneously social and religious.; Les complexes de pierres à cerf et de khirigsuur sont des monuments caractéristiques de l’âge du Bronze tardif (1200-700 av. J.-C.) des steppes du centre et du nord de la Mongolie. Les khirigsuurs sont constitués d’un grand tertre central autour duquel sont réparties des structures périphériques : tertres et cercles de pierres. Les tertres périphériques recouvrent des têtes, des vertèbres et des phalanges de chevaux. Au centre des cercles de pierres, les dépôts sont constitués d’os brûlés de caprinés. Cet article discute des moyens de mieux comprendre les gestes menés dans le cadre des activités autour de monuments situés à Tsatsyn Ereg (Mongolie). La présence sous certains tertres d’un crâne et de mandibules appartenant à deux individus différents révèle que l’explication des dépôts des chevaux est plus complexe qu’une simple action de sacrifice in situ. L’analyse de l’âge à la mort révèle que les animaux âgés sont nombreux. Les mâles forment une forte majorité. L’analyse des près de 12 000 restes calcinés mis au jour dans les cercles indique que les dents et les pieds sont représentés de façon dis-proportionnée. L’article relie les cercles de pierres délimitant les feux à l’action de purification. Pour le khirigsuur B10, l’analyse des alignements de tertres et de cercles de pierres et de l’orientation des chevaux donne l’impression qu’un troupeau de chevaux prend ou tire le défunt vers le soleil levant. L’aspect communautaire des activités menées autour de ces grandes tombes est évident. Nous perce-vons toute la complexité du phénomène pierre à cerf/khirigsuur, simultanément social et religieux.
Published: 2019

50. The origin and early dispersal of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum l.) in western Europe

Author: Aurélie Salavert, Ana Jesus, Ferran Antolín, Lucie Martin, Jabbour, Florian P., Antoine Zazzo, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Basel (Unibas), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Salavert, Aurélie
Subjects: [SHS.ANTHRO-SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

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