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A novel marine actinomycete, designated strain MCN248T, was isolated from the coastal sediment in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the new isolate was closely related to Nonomuraea harbinensis DSM45887T (99.2%) and Nonomuraea ferruginea DSM43553T (98.6%). Phylogenetic analyzes based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MCN248T was clustered with Nonomuraea harbinensis DSM45887T and Nonomuraea ferruginea DSM43553T. However, the digital DNA-DNA hybridization analyzes presented a low relatedness of 40.2% between strain MCN248T and the above closely related strains. This strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was acetyl, and mycolic acids were absent. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H4). The whole cell sugars consisted of madurose, ribose, mannose, and glucose. Diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxylphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylglycerol were detected as the major phospholipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16:0 (40.4%), 10-methyl-C17:0 (22.1%), and C17:1 8c (10.9%). The DNA G + C content of the genomic DNA was 71.7%. With in silico analyzes, the antiSMASH platform uncovered a diverse 29 secondary metabolite biosynthesis arsenal, including non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) of strain MCN248T, with a high prevalence of gene cluster encoding pathways for the production of anticancer and cytotoxic compounds. Consistently, the crude extract could inhibit colorectal HCT-116 cancer cells at a final concentration of 50 µg/mL. Based on the polyphasic approach, strain MCN248 was designated as a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea corallina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is MCN248T (=NBRC115966T = TBRC17110T). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luteolin is a potent anti-colorectal cancer chemical. However, its effectiveness is hindered by its poor solubility in water and fat, and it is easy to degrade by gastrointestinal enzymes. In this study, a nano-composite carrier, NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@GO (MG), based on aminated MIL-101(Fe) and graphene oxide (GO) was developed and evaluated. This carrier co-delivered luteolin and matrine, while marine was used to balance the pH for the nano-preparation. The loading capacities for luteolin and matrine were approximately 9.8% and 14.1%, respectively. Luteolin's release at pH = 5 was significantly higher than at pH = 7.4, indicating it had an acidic pH response release characteristic. Compared to MOF and GO alone, MG and NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@GO@Drugs (MGD) enhanced anti-cancer activity by inhibiting tumor cell migration, increasing ROS generation, and upregulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. In conclusion, this study contributes new ideas and methods to the treatment strategy of multi-component anti-colorectal cancer therapy. It also advances drug delivery systems and supports the development of more effective and targeted treatment approaches for colorectal cancer.

A novel marine actinomycete, designated strain MCN248T, was isolated from the coastal sediment in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the new isolate was closely related to Nonomuraea harbinensis DSM45887T (99.2%) and Nonomuraea ferruginea DSM43553T (98.6%). Phylogenetic analyzes based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MCN248T was clustered with Nonomuraea harbinensis DSM45887T and Nonomuraea ferruginea DSM43553T. However, the digital DNA–DNA hybridization analyzes presented a low relatedness of 40.2% between strain MCN248T and the above closely related strains. This strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was acetyl, and mycolic acids were absent. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H4). The whole cell sugars consisted of madurose, ribose, mannose, and glucose. Diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxyl-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylglycerol were detected as the major phospholipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16:0 (40.4%), 10-methyl-C17:0 (22.1%), and C17:1ω8c (10.9%). The DNA G + C content of the genomic DNA was 71.7%. With in silico analyzes, the antiSMASH platform uncovered a diverse 29 secondary metabolite biosynthesis arsenal, including non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) of strain MCN248T, with a high prevalence of gene cluster encoding pathways for the production of anticancer and cytotoxic compounds. Consistently, the crude extract could inhibit colorectal HCT-116 cancer cells at a final concentration of 50 μg/mL. Based on the polyphasic approach, strain MCN248 was designated as a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea corallina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is MCN248T (=NBRC115966T = TBRC17110T).

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a medicinal plant used extensively in Chinese and Indian traditional medicine as a home remedy for various diseases. It has been used for medical purposes for centuries. Today, turmeric has become one of the most popular medicinal herbs, spices, and functional supplements worldwide. Curcuminoids are linear diary-lheptanoids from the rhizomes that include curcumin and two related compounds: demethoxycurcumin and bisdeme-thoxycurcumin, which are the active components of the C. longa plant, play a crucial role in numerous functions. This review summarises the composition of turmeric and the properties of curcumin regarding its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-colorectal cancer, and other physiological activity. In addition, the dilemma of the application of curcumin due to its low water solubility and bioavailability was discussed. Finally, this article provides three novel application strategies based on previous studies: using curcumin analogues and related substances, gut microbiota regulation, and using curcumin-loaded exosome vesicles and turmeric-derived exosome-like vesicles to overcome application limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten new differently substituted 3-benzyl-5-aryl-3,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4,6,11-triones 3 were synthesized by a simple and cost-efficient procedure in a one-pot, three-component reaction from readily available ethyl 2-amino-4-aryl-5,10-dioxo-5,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[g]chromene-3-carboxylates, benzylamine and triethyl orthoformate under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions. All the new compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity against two colorectal-cancer-cell lines. The results showed that the compounds 3-benzyl-5-phenyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,6,11-trione (3a) and 3-benzyl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,6,11-trione (3g) exhibited the most potent balanced inhibitory activity against human LoVo and HCT-116 cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally accompanied by adverse effects, which reduce tolerance to cancer therapies. Immunonutrition improves the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. Hence, natural immunomodulator is therefore considered as a favorable alternative. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) effect of mannatide (MTE) from the immunostimulatory perspective. MTE (concentrations≥1200 μg/mL) significantly inhibited HT-29 cells viabilities compared with the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group and all predetermined concentrations of MTE promoted the proliferation of RAW264.7 (p < 0.01). Moreover, MTE treatment suppressed tumor growth, decreased leukocyte and platelet count, and regulated immune organ indexes compared with the model group. In comparison of Model and 5-FU groups, MTE treatment reshaped tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from alternatively activated macrophages (M2)-like into classical activated macrophages (M1)-like phenotype. Also, it increased the proportion of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells accompanied by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, interleukin (IL)-6, arginine (Arg)-1, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2) to reduce immunosuppression. Moreover, MTE-administrated alleviated intestinal mucositis and improved the prognostic indexes compared with the 5-FU group. Notably, the ability of low-dose MTE to regulate immune cells and the function of the tumor microenvironment was higher than that of high-dose. Generally, MTE as an immunomodulator presents great potential to strengthen anti-CRC activity., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

This work described the one-pot synthesis of apple pectin encapsulated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4/Pectin NPs) which is prepared by co-precipitation of Fe(II/(III) ions in alkaline solution mediated by pectin under ultrasound condition. This process led to formation of magnetic nanoparticles within the network of pectin. Physicochemical characterization of the as-synthesized Fe3O4/Pectin NPs was carried out through electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The in vitro cytotoxic and anti-colorectal cancer effects of biologically synthesized Fe3O4/Pectin NPs against Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29 cancer cell lines were assessed. The anti-colorectal cancer properties of the Fe3O4/Pectin NPs could significantly remove Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29 cancer cell lines in a time and concentration-dependent manner by MTT assay. The IC50 of the Fe3O4/Pectin NPs were 317, 337, 187, and 300 µg/mL against Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29 cancer cell lines. The antioxidant activity of Fe3O4/Pectin NPs was determined by DPPH method. The Fe3O4/Pectin NPs showed the high antioxidant activity according to the IC50 value. It seems that the anti-human colorectal cancer effect of recent nanoparticles is due to their antioxidant effects.

Ten new differently substituted 3-benzyl-5-aryl-3,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4,6,11-triones 3 were synthesized by a simple and cost-efficient procedure in a one-pot, three-component reaction from readily available ethyl 2-amino-4-aryl-5,10-dioxo-5,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[g]chromene-3-carboxylates, benzylamine and triethyl orthoformate under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions. All the new compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity against two colorectal-cancer-cell lines. The results showed that the compounds 3-benzyl-5-phenyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,6,11-trione (3a) and 3-benzyl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,6,11-trione (3g) exhibited the most potent balanced inhibitory activity against human LoVo and HCT-116 cancer cells.

Increased reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products are often associated with human ageing and degenerative diseases. Biancaea sappan L serves as a medicinal plant and a healthy drinks ingredient in Java. However, the pharmacological investigation of the plant native to this island is still lacking in depth. In the current study, DNA barcoding using the marker gene maturase K ( matK ), evaluation of the chemical composition, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant properties, antiglycation, anti-β-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and selective cytotoxic activities were performed . B. sappan shares well-known phytoconstituents with other members of the genus Biancaea . The heartwood ethanol extract possesses the most prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-β-amyloid effects. The aqueous extract demonstrated a most substantial anti-glycation activity and was rich in phenolics. The ethanol extract from heartwood exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against SW-48, indicating B. sappan heartwood from Java holds promise as antioxidants and may selectively inhibit colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an intractable intestinal tumor. Cancer cells prefer to aerobic glycolysis to meet the requirements of rapid proliferation. Hence, discovery of a bioactive molecule cold inhibit aerobic glycolysis, which is regarded as a effective strategies for prevention and treatment of CRC. In this study, we first discovered a foxtail millet bran-derived bound polyphenol (BPIS) with anti-proliferative activity in HT-29 cell (colon cancer cell lines) and its nude mice model. The data further indicated the anti-CRC active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of BPIS. Here we revealed that BPIS could act anti-proliferative activity in HT-29 cells depending on reversing aerobic glycolysis, and this effect was achieved by up-regulation of miR-149 expression by BPIS, which directly targeted the 3′-UTR of c-myc, thereby inhibiting PKM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis. Therefore, BPIS might be used as a new inhibitor of glycolysis for enhancing intestines health benefits.

Luteolin is a potent anti-colorectal cancer chemical. However, its effectiveness is hindered by its poor solubility in water and fat, and it is easy to degrade by gastrointestinal enzymes. In this study, a nano-composite carrier, NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)@GO (MG), based on aminated MIL-101(Fe) and graphene oxide (GO) was developed and evaluated. This carrier co-delivered luteolin and matrine, while marine was used to balance the pH for the nano-preparation. The loading capacities for luteolin and matrine were approximately 9.8% and 14.1%, respectively. Luteolin's release at pH = 5 was significantly higher than at pH = 7.4, indicating it had an acidic pH response release characteristic. Compared to MOF and GO alone, MG and NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@GO@Drugs (MGD) enhanced anti-cancer activity by inhibiting tumor cell migration, increasing ROS generation, and upregulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. In conclusion, this study contributes new ideas and methods to the treatment strategy of multi-component anti-colorectal cancer therapy. It also advances drug delivery systems and supports the development of more effective and targeted treatment approaches for colorectal cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

A suggested model for the regulation of aerobic glycolysis in colorectal cancer cells by BPIS. BPIS up-regulated miR-149 level, which lead to the expression inhibition of c-myc. Furthermore, BPIS inhibited c-myc-mediated glycolysis by regulating PKM2 expression and lactate production in colorectal cancer cells. The function of BPIS notably inhibited aerobic glycolysis, which resulted in the decrease of internal ATP levels and an increase in cell death. • BPIS displays an antiproliferative activity in colon cancer cell. • BPIS upregulates miR-149 expression. • C-myc is a new target gene of miR-149. • The effect of BPIS on antiproliferation of colon cancer cells is exerted by reprogramming miR149-mediated aerobic glycolysis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an intractable intestinal tumor. Cancer cells prefer to aerobic glycolysis to meet the requirements of rapid proliferation. Hence, discovery of a bioactive molecule cold inhibit aerobic glycolysis, which is regarded as a effective strategies for prevention and treatment of CRC. In this study, we first discovered a foxtail millet bran-derived bound polyphenol (BPIS) with anti-proliferative activity in HT-29 cell (colon cancer cell lines) and its nude mice model. The data further indicated the anti-CRC active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of BPIS. Here we revealed that BPIS could act anti-proliferative activity in HT-29 cells depending on reversing aerobic glycolysis, and this effect was achieved by up-regulation of miR-149 expression by BPIS, which directly targeted the 3′-UTR of c-myc, thereby inhibiting PKM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis. Therefore, BPIS might be used as a new inhibitor of glycolysis for enhancing intestines health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colon cancer is one of the leading tumours in the world and it is considered among the big killers, together with lung, prostate and breast cancer. This study focused on discovering the substantial need for the development of anti-cancer compounds, particularly from natural sources such as medicinal plants and employing computational methods. The goal of the study was to ascertain the Garcinia Cambogia (Asam Gelugur) chemical constituents' potential as an inhibitor of the colon cancer-preventive protein enzyme 4UYA (MLK4 kinase domain with ATPgammaS). Garcinia Cambogia (Asam Gelugur) chemical compounds were used in this study's in silico molecular docking of the protein enzyme 4UYA (MLK4 kinase domain with ATPgammaS). By using Lipinski's Rule of Five (RO5), molinspiration software evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of the five compounds from Asam Gelugur. The results for the compounds garcinol, Capecitabine, isogarcinol, tartaric acid, citric acid, and hydroxycitric acid show that their respective binding affinities are -7.1, -6.4, -6.2, -5.6, -5.3, and -4.8. The study showed that garcinol have higher binding affinity than Capecitabine standard drug. However, only tartaric acid was able to bind to the active site of protein 4UYA (MLK4 kinase domain with ATPgammaS) without breaking Lipinski's rule of Five. Tartaric acid, a component in Asam Gelugor's Garcinia Cambogia, has the potential to be an anti-colorectal cancer 4UYA (MLK4 kinase domain with ATPgammaS) inhibitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemopreventive effects of dead nano-sized Lactobacillus plantarum (nLp) on colon carcinogenesis, induced by dextran sulfate sodium and azoxymethane, were evaluated using Balb/c mice and compared with the effects of pure live L. plantarum (pLp). nLp is a dead shrunken form of L. plantarum derived from kimchi and has a particle size of 0.5-1.0 μm. Animals fed nLp showed less weight loss, longer colons, lower colon weight/length ratios, and fewer colonic tumors compared with pLp. In addition, the administration of nLp significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory markers, mediated the expression of cell cycle and apoptotic markers in colon tissues, and elevated fecal IgA levels more than pLp. Accordingly, the present study shows that the anticolorectal cancer activities of nLp are greater than those of pLp and suggests this is due to the suppression of inflammation, the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and enhanced IgA secretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study was to fabricate polymeric nanoparticles as drug carriers for encapsulated curcumin with enhanced anti-colorectal cancer applications. Nanoparticles were formulated from chitosan and gum arabic, natural polysaccharides, via an emulsification solvent diffusion method. The formation of curcumin nanoparticles was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimeter. The results show that curcumin was entrapped in carriers with +48 mV, 136 nm size, and high encapsulation efficiency (95%). Based on an in vitro release study, we inferred that curcumin nanoparticles could tolerate hydrolysis due to gastric juice or small intestinal enzymes, and therefore, it should reach the colon largely intact. In addition, curcumin nanoparticles had higher anti-colorectal cancer properties than free curcumin due to greater cellular uptake. Therefore, we concluded that curcumin was successfully encapsulated in chitosan-gum arabic nanoparticles with superior anti-colorectal cancer activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work described the one-pot synthesis of apple pectin encapsulated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs) which is prepared by co-precipitation of Fe(II/(III) ions in alkaline solution mediated by pectin under ultrasound condition. This process led to formation of magnetic nanoparticles within the network of pectin. Physicochemical characterization of the as-synthesized Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs was carried out through electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The in vitro cytotoxic and anti-colorectal cancer effects of biologically synthesized Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs against Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29 cancer cell lines were assessed. The anti-colorectal cancer properties of the Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs could significantly remove Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29 cancer cell lines in a time and concentration-dependent manner by MTT assay. The IC 50 of the Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs were 317, 337, 187, and 300 µg/mL against Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29 cancer cell lines. The antioxidant activity of Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs was determined by DPPH method. The Fe 3 O 4 /Pectin NPs showed the high antioxidant activity according to the IC 50 value. It seems that the anti-human colorectal cancer effect of recent nanoparticles is due to their antioxidant effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: "Dimocarpus longan Lour" is a tropical and subtropical evergreen tree species mainly found in China, India, and Thailand; this plant, found naturally in Bangladesh, even locally, is used as "kaviraj" medication for treating different diseases, such as gastrointestinal disorders, wounds, fever, snake bites, menstrual problem, chickenpox, bone fractures, neurological disorders, and reproductive health. Different parts of this plant, especially juice pulp, pericarp, seeds, leaves, and flowers, contain a diverse group of botanical phytocompounds, and nutrient components which are directly related to alleviating numerous diseases. This literature-based review provides the most up-to-date data on the ethnomedicinal usages, phytochemical profiling, and bio-pharmacological effects of D. longan Lour based on published scientific articles. Methodology: A literature-based review was conducted by collecting information from various published papers in reputable journals and cited organizations. ChemDraw, a commercial software package, used to draw the chemical structure of the phytochemicals. Results: Various phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols were collected from the various sections of the plant, and other compounds like vitamins and minerals were also obtained from this plant. As a treating agent, this plant displayed many biologicals activities, such as anti-proliferative, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-tyrosinase, radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-microbial, activation of osteoblast differentiation, anti-fungal, immunomodulatory, probiotic, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, obesity, neurological issues, and suppressive effect on macrophages cells. Different plant parts have displayed better activity in different disease conditions. Still, the compounds, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, corilagin acid, quercetin, 4-O-methyl gallic acid, and (-)-epicatechin showed better activity in the biological system. Gallic acid, corilagin, and ellagic acid strongly exhibited anti-cancer activity in the HepG2, A549, and SGC 7901 cancer cell lines. Additionally, 4-O-methyl gallic acid and (-)-epicatechin have displayed outstanding antioxidant activity as well as anti-cancer activity. Conclusion: This plant species can be considered an alternative source of medication for some diseases as it contains a potential group of chemical constituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer in the world, causing thousands of deaths annually. Although chemotherapy is known to be an effective treatment to combat colon cancer, it produces severe side effects. Natural products, on the other hand, appear to generate fewer side effects than do chemotherapeutic drugs. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found in various fruits and vegetables known to possess antioxidant activities, and the literature shows that several of these flavonoids have anti-CRC propertiesFlavonoids are classified into five main subclasses: flavonols, flavanones, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and flavanonols. Of these subclasses, the flavanonols have a minimum effect against CRC, whereas the flavones play an important role. The main targets for the inhibitory effect of flavonoids on CRC signaling pathways are caspase; nuclear factor kappa B; mitogen-activated protein kinase/p38; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9; p53; β-catenin; cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 and CDK4; and cyclins A, B, D, and E. In this review article, we summarize the in vitro and in vivo studies that have been performed since 2000 on the anti-CRC properties of flavonoids. We also describe the signaling pathways affected by flavonoids that have been found to be involved in CRC. Some flavonoids have the potential to be an effective alternative to chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of colon cancer; well-controlled clinical studies should, however, be conducted to support this proposal.