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1. Index

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

2. Contributors

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

3. Back Cover

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

4. Boiling Frogs: Narratives of Coloniality in South African Art

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

5. Wolf Warrior II

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

6. Seeing and Being Seen

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

7. List of Figures

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

8. Acknowledgements

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

9. Understanding William Kentridge From China

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

10. Shifting Urbanity and Global China in Conversation: Views from Johannesburg and Lusaka

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

11. The Political Sublime

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

12. Traces of Chinese Trade Ceramics in Southern Africa

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

13. Diary of a Diasporic Chinese Artist\Rin South Africa

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

15. Moffat Takadiwa

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

16. 2. Circulation

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

17. Hidden Objects at the Johannesburg Art Gallery: Han DynastyMíngqì

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

18. Tech Transfer

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

19. 3. Transgression

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

20. 1. Biography

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

21. The Chinese Camera Club of South Africa

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

22. Introduction: Geopolitics by Other Means

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

23. A Chinese Immigrant Collector and the Story of His Stamp Cover

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

24. A Letter to My Cousin in China

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

25. Title Page, Copyright, Dedication

Author

Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Yan, Wang, Shuo, Rodrigues, Gemma, NG-Yang, Kristin, Neustetter, Marcus, Mwaba, Stary, Moyo, Khangelani, Lewis, Mark, Kritzinger, Nicola, Huynh, T Tu, Hu, Binjun, Hayes, Patricia, Harrison, Philip, Esmyol, Esther, Dittgen, Romain, Corrigall, Malcolm, Cheng, Ying, Assubuji, Rui, Anthony, Ross, Simbao, Ruth, and Leeb-du Toit, Juliette

Published
2023

26. Ultra-thin strain-relieving Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$ layers enabling III-V epitaxy on Si

Author

Smith, Trevor R., McDermott, Spencer, Patel, Vatsalkumar, Anthony, Ross, Hedge, Manu, Knights, Andrew P., and Lewis, Ryan B.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

The explosion of artificial intelligence, possible end of Moore's law, dawn of quantum computing and continued exponential growth of data communications traffic have brought new urgency to the need for laser integration on the diversified Si platform. While diode lasers on III-V platforms have long powered internet data communications and other optoelectronic technologies, direct integration with Si remains problematic. A paradigm-shifting solution requires exploring new and unconventional materials and integration approaches. In this work, we show that a sub-10-nm ultra-thin Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$ buffer layer fabricated by an oxidative solid-phase epitaxy process can facilitate extraordinarily efficient strain relaxation. The Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$ layer is formed by ion implanting Ge into Si(111) and selectively oxidizing Si atoms in the resulting ion-damaged layer, precipitating a fully strain-relaxed Ge-rich layer between the Si substrate and surface oxide. The efficient strain relaxation results from the high oxidation temperature, producing a periodic network of dislocations at the substrate interface, coinciding with modulations of the Ge content in the Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$ layer and indicating the presence of defect-mediated diffusion of Si through the layer. The epitaxial growth of high-quality GaAs is demonstrated on this ultra-thin Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$ layer, demonstrating a promising new pathway for integrating III-V lasers directly on the Si platform., Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

27. Adolescent health and well-being check-up programme in three African cities (Y-Check): protocol for a multimethod, prospective, hybrid implementation-effectiveness study

Author

Saidi Kapiga, Helen Anne Weiss, Sarah Bernays, Giulia Greco, Victoria Simms, Tsitsi Bandason, Rashida Ferrand, Mussa Kelvin Nsanya, Aoife Margaret Doyle, Rudo Chingono, Valentina Baltag, S Derry, Ethel Dauya, Yovitha Sedekia, Benedict Weobong, Patricia Akweongo, Salome Manyau, Constance Mackworth-Young, Chido Dziva Chikwari, Mandi Tembo, Prerna Banati, David Anthony Ross, Farirai Nzvere, Franklin Glozah, Philip B Adongo, Kenneth S Adde, Evans Agbeno, Eric Koka, Bernard A Owusu, and Hannah Taylor-Abdulai

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Background During adolescence, behaviours are initiated that will have substantial impacts on the individual’s short-term and long-term health and well-being. However, adolescents rarely have regular contact with health services, and available services are not always appropriate for their needs. We co-developed with adolescents a health and well-being check-up programme (Y-Check). This paper describes the methods to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, short-term effects and cost-effectiveness of Y-Check in three African cities.Method This is a multi-country prospective intervention study, with a mixed-method process evaluation. The intervention involves screening, on-the-spot care and referral of adolescents through health and well-being check-up visits. In each city, 2000 adolescents will be recruited in schools or community venues. Adolescents will be followed-up at 4 months. The study will assess the effects of Y-Check on knowledge and behaviours, as well as clinical outcomes and costs. Process and economic evaluations will investigate acceptability, feasibility, uptake, fidelity and cost effectiveness.Ethics and dissemination Approval has been received from the WHO (WHO/ERC Protocol ID Number ERC.0003778); Ghana Health Service (Protocol ID Number GHS-ERC: 027/07/22), the United Republic of Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research (Clearance No. NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/4199), the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (Approval Number MRCZ/A/2766) and the LSHTM (Approval Numbers 26 395 and 28312). Consent and disclosure are addressed in the paper. Results will be published in three country-specific peer-reviewed journal publications, and one multicountry publication; and disseminated through videos, briefs and webinars. Data will be placed into an open access repository. Data will be deidentified and anonymised.Trial registration number NCT06090006.

Published
2024
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29. INTRODUCTION

Author

ANTHONY, ROSS, primary, SIMBAO, RUTH, additional, and LEEB-DU TOIT, JULIETTE, additional

Published
2023
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31. Afterword

Author

Anthony, Ross, Ruppert, Uta, Shaw, Timothy M., Series Editor, Anthony, Ross, editor, and Ruppert, Uta, editor

Published
2020
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34. Quantum ratchet intermediate band solar cells

Author

Vaquero-Stainer, Anthony Ross, Phillips, Chris, and Ekins-Daukes, Ned

Subjects
621.319
Abstract

Renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly more vital as the supply of fossil fuels is depleted, and awareness of the impact of non-sustainable fuel sources on the environment is increasing. A solar cell is an example of one such renewable energy source, which converts sunlight into electricity; providing an eternal, clean energy supply. The concept of converting solar energy into electricity has been around since the late 1800's [1]; but it wasn't until well after Einstein's landmark paper on a completely new quantum theory of light in 1905 [2] that a modern single-junction solar cell was made using a semiconducting p-n junction, as is used today [3]. This type of solar cell, although used almost exclusively in the world today, has a fun- damental efficiency limit of 31% [4]; so despite falling costs of materials and manufacturing, efficiencies have remained relatively low. Intermediate band solar cells, the focus of this project, potentially increase this limit to 47% [5] by attempting to absorb a greater portion of the solar spectrum, without loss of voltage over an equivalent single-junction cell. Examples have been made using quantum dots, however poor efficiencies are reported due to the low absorption cross section of quantum dots and short lived intermediate states, which prevents efficient absorption of low energy photons. This project however, aims to experimentally demonstrate a modification to the inter- mediate band cell, called a "Quantum Ratchet" intermediate band solar cell. This uses the coupled subbands of a quantum well superlattice as the "Quantum Ratchet" state, to increase the absorption cross section, and spatially separate excited electrons from their cor- responding holes to extend the lifetime of the carriers in this state, allowing more efficient absorption of a second photon. The goal of the project is therefore to experimentally demonstrate a photocurrent due to a sequential absorption of two below-bandgap photons, and show an extended lifetime of carriers in the "Quantum Ratchet" state. Presented here will be the theory behind intermediate band solar cells, along with experimental results from a specifically designed "Quantum Ratchet" device which have been submitted for publishing. Also presented are the experimental results from an 'upconverting' sample - a process which shows promise as a 'natural ratchet', the results of which have been published in Physical Review B [60].

Published
2018
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37. Repetition and its discontents : space, time and identity in the city of Urumqi

Author

Anthony, Ross

Subjects
951, Sociology, Urban--China--U¨ru¨mqi, U¨ru¨mqi (China)--History
Abstract

This dissertation examines the relationship between space and identity in the city of Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China. The work explores the shifting interface between various types of spaces within the city, focusing on three major areas: dominant state space, Han Chinese space and Turkic Muslim space. Central to my argument is that that the dominant form of spatial identity arises through the process ofrepetition. From the city's establishment in the Qing dynasty up until present, there has been a sustained tendency to self-consciously reproduce an urban spatial template deployed throughout cities within inner China. At the same, time each new regime, be it imperial or modernizing, deploys a different series of repetition to the one which precedes it. The current work traces the trajectory of some of these forms as they evolve over space and time. In doing so, it describes how the political incorporation of Xinjiang into China functions at the level of the city over an extended period of time. Urumqi has, from its inception, attracted migrants in large numbers from various parts of inner China and Xinjiang itself, and thus the city's neighbourhoods have simultaneously produced a number of spatial and territorial differences within this larger framework of repetition. With a focus on Han and Turkic Uyghur communities, the dissertation also describes the parallel trajectory of these spatial differences in relation to those of the state. I portray a general situation in which Han communities have become more incorporated into the dominant spatial mode and Uyghurs less so. This observation is fleshed out in greater detail in the chapters which deal with contemporary city. Despite a multiplicity of urban forms, I argue that the difference inherent in Uyghur spatial practices is increasingly designated and reified by the state, on its behalf. Through a detailed description of this "inauthentic" and coercive expression of difference, I trace how the Uyghur neighbourhoods have become increasingly subject to what Carl Schmitt ([1922] 2004) refers to as "the state of exception". This shift in the spatial dynamics of the city serves as significant pre-cursor to the Urumiq Riots of 2009. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of ethnographic methodologies and their relation to time. The influence of the past upon the present, coupled with the highly transient nature of present spatial organization within Chinese cities, necessitates a type of ethnography which is sensitive to the processual nature of space and place. Drawing on Bergson's concept of duration ([1896] 1911 ), I argue for an ethnographic methodology which takes into account the persistence of the past in descriptions of the present.

Published
2013
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39. Counseling Research as Caring

Author

Zvi Bellin, Erin Sappio, Yuleinys Castillo, Ryan Flinn, Dalad Srisuppak, Kari Miller, and Anthony Ross

Subjects
Clinical Psychology, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, Education
Abstract

This study models counseling research as a social action process highlighting multicultural counselor identity. Seven co-researcher/participants engaged in a community-based reflexive contemplative practice group which aimed at dismantling the power imbalance that normally exists between researchers and participants, and to remain cognizant of the insidious nature of white supremacy. The data collected represents the content and process reflections on participating in this group which invited contemplation about identity on many different levels. Several themes emerged from data as implications for counseling research. Considering research as caring on clinical practice and future research is also discussed.

Published
2023

40. How Do Psychosocial Interventions for Adolescents and Young People Living With HIV Improve Adherence and Viral Load? A Realist Review

Author

Christina A. Laurenzi, G.J. Melendez-Torres, Daniel T. Page, Lodewyk Steyn Vogel, Tashmira Kara, Nadia A. Sam-Agudu, Nicola Willis, Wole Ameyan, Elona Toska, David Anthony Ross, and Sarah Skeen

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Adolescent, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Humans, HIV Infections, Viral Load, Psychosocial Intervention, Peer Group, Medication Adherence
Abstract

Psychosocial interventions have the potential to support adolescents and young people living with HIV (AYPLHIV) to achieve better HIV outcomes. However, more evidence is needed to understand which interventions are most effective, and the mechanisms driving how they work in practice.We used realist methodologies to generate statements based on evidence from intervention studies and linked evidence included in a systematic review of psychosocial interventions for AYPLHIV. Key data were extracted from available sources to generate cases, including context-mechanism-outcome pathways. Higher level themes were refined iteratively to create a mid-range theory of how these interventions may work.From 26 resulting cases, 8 statements were crafted, grouped into 3 overarching categories, to describe how these interventions worked. Interventions were overall found to set off mechanisms to improve adherence when (1) responding to individual-level factors to support AYPLHIV (via incorporating agency and empowerment, personalized and/or contextualized approaches, and self-care skills); (2) tailoring delivery strategies to address specific needs (via diverse strategies, longer duration, and digital delivery); and (3) providing supportive resources (via peer and broader support, and structural support and integration into existing services).A collection of diverse mechanisms may individually or collectively drive improved outcomes for AYPLHIV engaged in psychosocial interventions. Recommendations for integrating our findings into practice are discussed.

Published
2022

46. Investigating the effectiveness of school health services delivered by a health provider: A systematic review of systematic reviews.

Author

Julia Levinson, Kid Kohl, Valentina Baltag, and David Anthony Ross

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Schools are the only institution regularly reaching the majority of school-age children and adolescents across the globe. Although at least 102 countries have school health services, there is no rigorous, evidence-based guidance on which school health services are effective and should be implemented in schools. To investigate the effectiveness of school health services for improving the health of school-age children and adolescents, a systematic review of systematic reviews (overview) was conducted. Five databases were searched through June 2018. Systematic reviews of intervention studies that evaluated school-based or school-linked health services delivered by a health provider were included. Review quality was assessed using a modified Ballard and Montgomery four-item checklist. 1654 references were screened and 20 systematic reviews containing 270 primary studies were assessed narratively. Interventions with evidence for effectiveness addressed autism, depression, anxiety, obesity, dental caries, visual acuity, asthma, and sleep. No review evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-component school health services intervention addressing multiple health areas. From the limited amount of information available in existing systematic reviews, the strongest evidence supports implementation of anxiety prevention programs, indicated asthma education, and vision screening with provision of free spectacles. Additional systematic reviews are needed that analyze the effectiveness of comprehensive school health services, and specific services for under-researched health areas relevant for this population.

Published
2019
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48. Brief communication: Inclusiveness in designing an early warning system for flood resilience

Author

Tahmina Yasmin, Kieran Khamis, Anthony Ross, Subir Sen, Anita Sharma, Debashish Sen, Sumit Sen, Wouter Buytaert, and David M. Hannah

Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract

Floods remain a wicked problem and are becoming more destructive with widespread ecological, social, and economic impacts. The problem is acute in mountainous river catchments where plausible assumptions of risk behaviour to flood exposure and vulnerability are crucial. Inclusive approaches are required to design suitable flood early warning systems (EWSs) with a focus on local social and governance context rather than technology, as is the case with existing practice. We assess potential approaches for facilitating inclusiveness in designing EWSs by integrating diverse contexts and identifying preconditions and missing links. We advocate the use of a SMART approach as a checklist for good practice to facilitate bottom-up initiatives that benefit the community at risk by engaging them at every stage of the decision-making process.

Published
2023

49. Brief Communication: Inclusiveness in designing early warning system for flood resilience

Author

Tahmina Yasmin, Kieran Khamis, Anthony Ross, Subir Sen, Anita Sharma, Debashish Sen, Sumit Sen, Wouter Buytaert, and David M. Hannah

Abstract

Floods remain a wicked problem and are becoming more destructive with widespread ecological, social, and economic impacts. The problem is acute in mountainous river catchments where plausible assumptions of risk behaviour to flood exposure and vulnerability are crucial. Inclusive approaches are required to design suitable flood early warning systems (EWSs) with a focus on local social and governance context rather than technology, as is the case with existing practice. We assess potential approaches for facilitating inclusiveness in designing EWSs by integrating diverse contexts and identifying preconditions and missing links. We advocate the use of a SMART approach as a checklist for good practice to facilitate bottom-up initiatives that benefit the community at risk by engaging them at every stage of the decision-making process.

Published
2023

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