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While environmental concern is generally viewed as a straightforward precursor to pro-environmental behavior (PEB), empirical research supporting this association has been mixed at best. The energy-saving behavior of employees in the workplace contributes to the reduction of air pollution and carbon emissions, and there is basically no need to consider individual utilitarian factors in PEB-related research. Therefore, this study investigates the direct and indirect effects of environmental concerns on employees’ behavioral intentions to save energy in the offices of Chinese Internet companies to better understand the inconsistent results found for environmental concern and PEB. A study of a sample of 364 employees in three Chinese developed cities shows that perceived behavioral control has the greatest direct impact on employees’ energy-saving behavior in offices, followed by energy-saving attitudes, personal moral norm and subjective descriptive norms. The direct effects of environmental concern and subjective injunctive norms on behavioral intentions to save energy were found to be small. However, environmental concern, as an antecedent variable to the above elements, can have a significant impact on employees’ office energy-saving behaviors through the mediating role of these elements, thus rendering employees’ environmental concern deserving of more attention. This study enhances understanding of employees’ energy-saving behaviors in the workplace and provides several insights for researchers and practitioners.

There is a shift of interest towards the current pace of development in Africa especially with regard to science and technology. The rate at which advancements are being recorded in this and other sectors has not been encouraging, as evident from official records. Scholars and researchers in various disciplines have correlated development to education and identified close associations between the level of performance of any citizenry or manpower, and the quality of its education. Accordingly, the quality of life and experience on the African continent has, to an appreciable extent, been characterised as the output variable and the quality of education including that of the teachers, as the input variable. The antecedent variable, too, which in this context is the totality of experience that informs educational directions in Africa, is arguably a product of the input variable. Consequently, the tertiary educational level especially the university system, unlike both the primary and the secondary, may be more strongly associated with the quality of performance. This may be explained through the dominant thinking that the tertiary system is primarily concerned with the production of manpower for various sectors. While there is evidence of research into this question, there is insufficient evidence of research into the interplay of the academic retention system and research capacity development orientation in African universities. This paper is an attempt to investigate that hitherto underrepresented dimension. The study employs a combination of the historical method and analytic philosophy. Its significance lies in its potential to expose, with evidence, the association between the dominant academic retention system and research capacity development orientation in African universities, as well as the implication of such an association for sustainable development in Africa. The study ultimately offers an ameliorative proposal for revitalizing an outcome-oriented research capacity development system in African universities.

Research aims : The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of Gross Domestic Product, exchange rate, and distance on the meat import performance of ASEAN countries both partially and simultaneously. Design/Methodology/Approach : Purposive sampling method was adopted to determine the research sample. The data used were the annual secondary data of ASEAN countries in the period of 2012-2018, collected from trademap.org, World Bank, and macmap.org. Multiple Linear Regression was employed to analyze the data. Research findings : The regression analysis results showed that GDP and exchange rate did not affect meat import performance. Meanwhile, distance had a partially significant negative effect on meat import. However, GDP, exchange rate, and distance had a significant effect on meat imports simultaneously. Theoretical contribution : Previous researchers have used economic distance in their study to see its impact on imports. Nevertheless, there has not been much research done using geographical distance as an antecedent variable. The distant market has to incur large-fixed costs, which can only be supported if the export value is large. The negative impact of distance on imported meat must be taken seriously. AANZFTA supposedly gives a contribution to the member countries thoroughly to export goods and services. It is to increase per capita income so that it can be used to improve the transportation system. Implication policy : ASEAN officials are suggested to encourage the member countries to provide better transportation facilities to eliminate geographical distance barriers and further support SMEs and other business actors' engagement. Due to the limitation of this research, it is suggested that further research should consider using other commodities to measure the import performance.

Knowledge sharing is still becoming a concern for many researchers because of the various positive impacts encountered. However, many individuals are still hesitant to do so, especially in a competitive environment where 'knowledge is power'. Knowledge sharing is often conducted only for the purpose of self-imaging and mutual benefits. Various studies that try to explore the antecedent variable of knowledge sharing behavior rarely use an Islamic motivational perspective. Hence, this article offers a new concept of Islamic excellence achievement spirit which is expected to be a cornerstone to improve knowledge sharing behavior. This new concept is the result of synthesis from the need for achievement theory, social capital theory, and Islamic values. The 291 sharia insurance employees in Indonesia were used as respondents of this study. Respondents obtained by using snowball sampling combined with purposive sampling. Regression analysis is used to test the empirical research model. The results show that Islamic excellence achievement spirit is proven to be able to increase knowledge sharing behavior that has an impact on increasing adaptive selling capability.

PurposeUsing the logistics service supply chain (LSSC) as a research object, this study focuses on the relationship between integration quality (IQ), value co-creation (VCC), and LSSC resilience. Moreover, it discusses the moderating role of digital technology (DT).Design/methodology/approachBased on data about China, this study used the structural equation model to test the research hypothesis. To verify the validity of each construct, this study used various established scales in the literature to conduct exploratory and confirmatory analysis.FindingsThe results show that IQ is an essential antecedent variable that promotes VCC and LSSC resilience. Moreover, this study confirms that DT has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between IQ, VCC, and resilience.Originality/valueThis study constructs a research framework to examine LSSC resilience and expands the theoretical research on the VCC theory in the supply chain literature. Moreover, this paper studies supply chain integration from a new perspective, that is, IQ, which is more in line with the reality of LSSC.

The occurrence of the Covid-19 Pandemic around the world has had an impact on changing consumer patterns and behavior. This study aims to analyze the impact of price on the buying interest of Samsung smartphones with Celebrity endorsers as an antecedent variable. The sample in this study were 98 students of the Putra Indonesia University YPTK Padang. This study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3 as an analysis tool. The results of the study found that celebrity endorser is a factor that influences price and buying interest. Meanwhile, the price does not influence buying interest, nor does it play a role in strengthening the influence of Celebrity endorsers on buying interest. For this reason, producers must improve the quality of competitive prices while also maintaining the use of celebrity endorsers in supporting the marketing of their products.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and test the role of religio-centric product strategy (RPS) in mediating the relationship among marketing innovativeness (MI), market sensing capability (MSC), customer relationship management capability (CRMC) and brand management capability (BMC) with marketing performance (MP) in a religious-based industry. This is in accordance with the conditions of Indonesian religious people and the increasing demand for Muslim fashion products. Design/methodology/approach This paper selected 330 small fashion businesses in Indonesia and tested the regressive relations of the 6 constructs. Findings The findings showed that MI, MSC, CRMC and BMC have a positive effect on RPS and RPS also has a positive effect on MP, so that RPS acts as mediation in the relationship among MI, MSC, CRMC and BMC with MP. Research limitations/implications In-depth research on other dimensions of the role of antecedent variable of RPS, such as NPD capability, specialized marketing capability, resource reconfiguration marketing capability, architectural marketing capability and marketing resources that are interesting to discuss (Morgan, 2012), has not been done in research. Originality/value By examining the literature on dynamic capability, marketing strategy, entrepreneurship and business performance, this paper offers a unique analysis of dynamic marketing capability and its impact on product strategy and MP in religious-based industries.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide an explication of micro foundations of Corporate Social responsibility (CSR). CSR, as a study domain, has been accommodating individual centric aspects. Extant literature delved into firm aspects like regulation, the role of individuals such as leaders and managers in shaping the agenda and practice on CSR.Design/methodology/approachBased upon the responses of 396 managers, the authors explored how young managers assessed firm CSR actions and develop their role as potential customers, investors and potential employees toward a firm. For this study, a mediated moderator analysis has been applied to test the model.FindingsThe authors found that between an individuals’ customer-centric role toward firm products, positively relate to being a potential employee. However, there was also the presence of the mediation role of the individuals’ inclination for becoming an investor in firm shares. Further, there was a moderation role of an individual’s firm CSR product assessment. The developed model had four factors, namely, customer CSR firm assessment (CCFA), customer CSR product assessment (CCPA), investor CSR evaluation (ICE) and employee CSR aspiration (ECA).Research limitations/implicationsIn this research, based upon systems justification theory and expectancy theory an individual-centric micro foundation based theoretical model on CSR were developed consisting of CCFA as an antecedent variable, ICE as mediating variable, CCPA as moderating variable and ECA as the dependent variable.Originality/valueThis study was one of the contributions toward a micro foundations based CSR approach model with role-plays as a customer, investor and potential employee.

This study investigates the effect of Levers of Control (LoC) on competitive advantage with business environmental uncertainty as an antecedent variable. LoC as a form of company capability in facing environmental uncertainty is a source of company competitive advantage. Based on the resource-based theory, this research was conducted against the background of the decline in competitiveness of manufacturing companies in Indonesia during 2013-2018. The model of using LoC as a system outperforms the model of using LoC as a package to overcome business environmental uncertainty and to improve the companies’ competitive advantage. As a system, the LoC has interplay between the levers so that it can be of full use in realizing a competitive advantage.Levers of Control (LoC); Competitive Advantage; Business Environmental Uncertainty; Resource-based View

PurposeThe purpose of this study is international business strategy (IBS) has evolved into a complex and vast domain of study. Given this fact, the author first proposed a set of screens that a firm’s IBS manager was required to assess before venturing into a foreign country. Then the author developed an integrated IBS framework to secure a holistic view regarding IBS. Finally, the author proposed a typology to classify IBS archetypes.Design/methodology/approachThe author undertook a systematic and integrated literature review of IBS literature. The literature review was carried out with a conceptual perspective in mind. Incremental and argumentative logic was applied to develop the integrated IBS framework from a wide domain of literature. Furthermore, the typology on IBS initiatives was also developed based upon a classification scheme developed in the framework.FindingsThe author developed the integrated conceptual framework based upon six building blocks which were conceptual elements. The framework consisted of the antecedent variable as internationally deployable organizational resources and capabilities (IDORC), the mediating variables as internationally implementable organizational process (IIOP), internationally executable practices and activities (IEPA) and international market product service offerings (IMPSO). The moderating variable was international initiatives management direction and control (IIMDC), while the dependent variable was international market performance assessment (IMPA). Thus, IDORC, IIOP, IEPA, IMPSA, IIMDC and IMPA were the building blocks of IBS framework. There were 12 types of IBS typologies based upon the dominant role played by the home and host countries in the six building block elements of IBS mentioned. The 12 typologies were domestic reproduction (DR), foreign country centric offerings (FCCO), international offerings perspective (IOP), foreign country-driven activities (FCDA), international-driven activities (IDA), foreign country-driven process (FCDP), international-driven process (IDP), foreign country initiatives domestically controlled (FCIDC), international initiatives domestically controlled (IIDC), international initiatives home-dominant foreign dyad controlled (IIHDFDC), international independent initiative (III) and international coordinated network approach (ICNA).Research limitations/implicationsIn this study, an integrated framework on IBS was developed. In the theoretical framework, antecedent (DORC), mediating (IIOP, IEPA and IMPSA), moderating (IIMDC) and dependent variables (IMPA) have been incorporated. This was the first theoretical contribution of this paper toward IBS theorization. Second contribution of this paper was toward typology development regarding IBS initiatives archetypes. The 12 typologies were DR, FCCO, IOP, FCDA, IDA, FCDP, IDP, FCIDC, IIDC, IHDFDC, III and ICNA. The IBS typology is based upon the six constituent concepts developed from literature.Practical implicationsManagers who are responsible for the planning and execution of IBS initiatives could from the integrated IBS framework comprehend what would be the steps required to plan and execute an IBS strategy in its entirety for success in foreign markets. Furthermore, managers could understand the various mediation and moderation roles regarding the IBS factors present in any firm internationalization effort. This would help managers not only to amplify the mediating effects but also to tweak the efforts of moderation so as to arrive at better internationalization performance. The section on typology on IBS initiatives would help managers to secure a better fit for the IBS initiative of the firm. The typology would anchor managerial perspectives regarding how the home country firm organizational contributions on resources and capabilities, processes, practice activities and products and services need to be offered in foreign countries.Originality/valueTo the best of author’s knowledge, this is one of the first frameworks regarding an integrated perspective on IBS and a typology on IBS based upon a set of antecedent (resources and capabilities), mediation (process, activities and market offerings), moderation (management control) and dependent (performance) variables building on firm resource-based view perspectives.

This study aims to design a model in achieving superior performance of MSMEs. The mixed strategic orientations of demography, economy and cultural values are used to design this model. The mixed strategic orientations consist of customer, competitor and innovation orientations. Demographic variables consist of age, experience and education. Economic variables consist of government, price, income and growth. Cultural value variables consist of Javanese, Chinese and Padang cultural values. Customer orientation variables have an antecedent variable that consist of entrepreneurship, reward and learning. The change orientation variable moderates the customer and competitor orientations to the innovation orientation. Variable of competitive advantage mediates customer and competitor orientations on MSMEs’ performance. The population of this study consists of food MSMEs in Central Java. The 750 samples are chosen with convenient sampling technique. Data analysis mrthod used the Cross-tab Analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result of this research is a model explaining that demography, economy and cultural values influence antecedent variables of customer orientation, dimension of strategic orientations and organizational performance. The antecedent variables affect customer orientation; the dimension of strategic orientations affects performance; Variable of change of capacity unmoderates customer and competitor orientations on innovation orientation. Variable of competitive advantage unmediates customer, innovation and competitor orientations on performance. An abstract should accompany each manuscript; it should be completely self-consistent (i.e., with no figure, table, equation or reference citations), not exceeding 250 words and written as a single paragraph.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the mediating effect of the knowledge management strategies on the relationship between e-business capabilities and innovation performance. The research model was tested with a sample of 102 firms belonging to IT intensive sectors, located in an emerging country that is a regional leader in terms of e-business adoption. Structural equations by the consistent partial least squares method were used. The main result indicates that only the personalization strategy has a partial mediating effect. In conclusion, e-business capability alone is insufficient for achieving a superior innovation performance. This finding also helps consolidate the incipient study perspective that understands knowledge management not as an antecedent variable which becomes indispensable for e-business adoption, but as an organizational factor that intervenes a posteriori and which is focused on achieving an effective use of all the knowledge resulting from the digital operation of the business.

Voice taking is of great significance to the voicer, the company, and decision maker. This article summarizes the empirical research about voice taking. The definition and research paradigm of voice taking are discussed. Then, the differences of measurement methods of voice taking are compared. Finally, the research on antecedent variable of voice taking was integrated and the future prospects of the empirical research were integrated.

In the past few years, the increasing use of the internet in many countries has changed the manner in the people socialise, learn, govern or do their business. However, there are countries such as Yemen which has a very low internet usage rate and sees little economic, social and cultural progress as a result. A significant volume of theoretical studies have already undertaken, seeking to understand ambiguities in technology usage, with a number of models being proposed. In this study, the researcher has focused on extending the UTAUT using an antecedent variable for the actual internet use (i.e., task-technology fit) and 4 outcome variables (i.e., decision quality, communication quality, knowledge acquisition, and user satisfaction). Survey questionnaires were distributed among the employees working in the various Yemeni governmental institutions and ministries, and primary data was collected from 520 different internet users. The data analysis was carried out using 2-stage procedures, wherein a measurement model was initially used, followed by a structural model for the assessment of the data, with the help of the SmartPLS 3.0. The multivariate data analysis yielded 2 results: 1) The different antecedent variables (like effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, and the task-technology fit) positively affected the internet usage, and 2) The outcome variables (decision quality, communication quality, knowledge acquisition, and user satisfaction) were positively affected by internet usage. The proposed model could explain 29% of variance noted in the actual internet use. Finally, the researchers investigated the different practical and theoretical implications of the study.

This study has two objectives:(1) to examine impacts of environmental activity, relational marketing, and corporate green image on firm’s competitive performance; and (2) to determine whether relational marketing and corporate green image mediate relationships between environmental activity and firm’s competitive performance. They were data from 375 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of the food processing industry in Bangkok, Thailand. This study also investigates the relationships between environmental activity, green corporate image, relational marketing, and influences of these factors on firm’s competitive performance. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze data. Results reveal significant and positive relationships between environmental activity, green corporate image, relational marketing, and firm’s competitive performance. Moreover, environmental activity, an antecedent variable, indirectly affects a firm’s competitive performance mediated by green corporate image and relational marketing. Therefore, green corporate image and relational marketing can act as mediators between environmental activity and firm’s competitive performance. Findings suggested that firms should focus on improving green corporate image and relational marketing with an appropriate environmental activity strategy to enhance the firm’s competitive performance. Moreover, this study’s result is related to the economics of the environment in terms of cost and benefit. It provides firm’s decision on environmental activity.

Based on social capital theory and fairness theory, the study proposes a residents’ supportive attitudes influencing model, with social capital as the antecedent variable, and the perception of justice as mediator. An empirical research was conducted on residents of three well-known island tourist destinations in Zhejiang Province, China, a total of 620 questionnaires were distributed in the three regions. The results of data analysis show that the perception of distributive justice and procedural justice is positively influenced by social capital; it has a positive impact on distributive fairness and residents’ support. Distributive justice has a positive impact on the supportive attitudes of residents. In addition, the mediation effect of distributive justice and procedural justice between social capital and the supportive attitude of residents has been supported. The theoretical contribution and practical value of this research have also been discussed.

Design-driven innovation has become the source of the third-dimensional innovation driving force behind technology and outside the market, aiming to explore breakthrough innovation in product semantics for Internet products. This research tries to define the concept of product semantics and construct a consumer purchase decision model for Internet products with product semantic perception as the antecedent variable. In addition, how product semantics could stimulate consumers' expected regret and impulse purchase for Internet products is explained. The research finds that product semantic perception significantly affects consumers' expected inaction regret, which promotes their impulse purchase intention for Internet products; and expected inaction regret partially mediates between product semantic perception and impulse purchase intention. Self-control ability of consumers negatively moderates the relationship between their expected inaction regret and impulsive purchase intention for Internet products. Thus, the “non-use function” design of product semantics can effectively meet and lead the spiritual and cultural needs in hedonistic Internet shopping for consumers.

Small and medium-sized enterprises have been the driving force of social economy. As the social formation and the rise of many emerging economies, the domestic economic environment changes dramatically, which makes small and medium-sized enterprises face severe challenges. In the face of the fierce competition environment, how to improve the performance of entrepreneurship and gain competitive advantage is a very important topic in the practical management of entrepreneurs. This exploration is carried out with the entrepreneurial passion and risk taking as the antecedent variable, entrepreneurial performance as the outcome variable, and then work engagement as the mediator. With the entrepreneurs of small and medium-sized enterprises as the research object, questionnaire method is used to carry out empirical research. The empirical analysis results show that entrepreneurial passion has a significant positive impact on work engagement; risk taking has a significant positive impact on work engagement; work engagement has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurship performance; in addition, work participation plays a mediating role in the process of entrepreneurial passion and risk taking. The results provide academic and practical implications for entrepreneurs.

Leadership is an important antecedent variable of employee innovative behavior. Previous studies on the influence of inclusive leadership on employee innovative behavior mostly focused on the single mediating variable, which may lead to parameter estimation deviation due to the omission of other mediating variables. According to the social cognitive theory and motivation theory, and from the perspective of cognitive-motivation integration, this study established a moderating multiple mediation model to understand the impact of inclusive leadership on employee innovative behavior, which used psychological safety and creative self-efficacy as mediating variables and innovation rewards as moderating variables. Data was collected from 418 employees of manufacturing industry in China. Consistent with our hypotheses, the results show that, first, inclusive leadership positively effect on employee innovative behavior. Second, psychological safety and creative self-efficacy both play a part mediating effect between inclusive leadership and employee innovative behavior, and the mediating effect of psychological safety is significantly smaller than that of creative self-efficacy. Third, innovation rewards positively moderates relationship of "psychological safety--employee innovative behavior" and relationship of "self-efficacy--employee innovative behavior". Fourth, innovation rewards positively moderates the indirect effect of inclusive leadership on employee innovative behavior through psychological safety and creative self-efficacy. These findings not only helpful to expand the influence mechanism of inclusive leadership on employee innovative behavior, but also provided some suggestions for enterprise innovation development.

This study explores the effects of despotic leadership (DL) on employee job satisfaction (JS) using self-efficacy (SE) as a mediating variable and leader–member exchange (LMX) as a moderated variable. Building on the social learning and social exchange theory, our research proposes a research model. In this model, despotic leadership affects employee job satisfaction both directly and indirectly through self-efficacy and leader–member exchange. We used a questionnaire survey analysis approach to collect data. Data were collected from the employees of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in Guangdong Province, P.R. China. A pilot test of 20 participants with similar demographics as the final sample was performed to test the usability of the questionnaire. We distributed 500 questionnaires among the target population. In total, 230 usable questionnaires were returned, resulting in a response rate of 53%. To estimate the proposed relationships in the theoretical framework, we used SPSS and AMOS. The results of this study confirmed that despotic leadership has a negative impact on employee job satisfaction. Moreover, the outcomes of this study indicate that self-efficacy has a mediating effect between despotic leadership and employee job satisfaction. Similarly, the results also confirm that LMX has a moderating effect between despotic leadership and employee self-efficacy. Therefore, we conclude that the community is understanding of the mechanism of despotic leadership, identify the mechanism to effectively deal with its negative effects, broaden the relevant research on the antecedent variable of self-efficacy, and provide practical enlightenment enterprises to retain and employ people.

This research focuses on the discussion regarding antecedent variable of transformational leadership with its effect to work performance of the middle-level leaders at the organization of Pelabuhan Indonesia III Inc. The samples used in this study are 30 respondents as 75% of the population. The technique used to collect the data from the respondents is questionnaires to minimize any interpretation differences between respondents and the researcher. Further, analysis model used is structural equation model (SEM) with the basis of theory and concept, from the package of Partial Least Square (PLS) program so that the results are accurate. This study found that transformational leadership has direct significant effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However transformational leadership cannot give significant impact to work performance when it is intervened by the organizational commitment as well as it cannot give direct impact on work performance. JEL classification: J28, M120, Keywords: Transformational leadership, Employee relation, Organizational commitment, Work performance

This study aims to review the development of research related to Islamic corporate social responsibility in well-known international journals such as the past ten years. The research review based on 42 articles. The 40 articles in international journals, and two articles in nationally accredited journals from 2009 until 2018. The analysis technique used in this study is charting the field method. This study classifies sample articles based on topics, variables, and research methods. The results of the review indicate that the majority of researchers discuss topics other than antecedents, and the consequences are 29 articles, of which 7 of them specifically discuss the measurement of Islamic corporate social responsibility. The antecedent variable dominated by company size and SSB size that calculates for each of 3 articles and the most discussed consequence variable is the financial performance of 3 articles, while the most dominant method used by researchers is an analytical method that counts 18 articles.JEL Classification: G21, M41

This research aims to analyse the influence of family pressure, family involvement, work-family conflict, and job satisfaction toward the family satisfaction. Design/Method: This research uses quantitative research method. The sample of this research is 100 respondent. Family pressure has negative and significant impact on family satisfaction, family involvement has positive but not significant impact toward family satisfaction, work-family conflict has negative and significant impact toward the family satisfaction, job satisfaction has positive and significant effect toward family satisfaction, work pressure has a negative and significant effect toward job satisfaction, job involvement has positive but insignificant effect toward job satisfaction, the work-family conflict has negative and significant impact toward job satisfaction, family satisfaction has positive and significant impact toward job satisfaction. This research becomes a unique one because the other previous researchers did not set a requirement for respondents with more than two children.

In English, Marketing has now evolved from marketing that focuses on the concept of exchange to the concept of integrated marketing communication (IMC) or marketing communication that is integrated and focuses on relationships with consumers. The development of information technology and the internet plays a major role in the world of IMC, especially in the part of the advertising world, where technology information and the internet developed advertisements into digital advertisements. This study aims to create a research model as a solution to the problem of how to make consumer attitudes towards digital advertising in Indonesia more positive. This study raises consumer attitudes on digital advertising in Indonesia as variables that provide solutions, namely the entertainment (informational) variable, informativenes (informativeness), and credibility as the antecedent variable of consumer attitudes towards digital advertising (ATDID), and the purchase intention variable as an impact of consumer attitudes towards digital advertising. The results of this study are the research model framework, and the operationalization of variables that can be used to conduct quantitative research, with the aim of finding relationships between these variables, which can later be made as a reference in improving consumer attitudes towards digital advertising that are expected to increase buying intentions Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Pemasaran saat ini telah berkembang dari pemasaran yang berfokus pada konsep pertukaran menjadi konsep integrated marketing communication (IMC) atau komunikasi marketing yang terintegrasi dan berfokus pada hubungan dengan konsumen perkembangan teknologi informasi dan internet berperan besar dalam dunia IMC, terutama dalam bagian dunia periklanan, dimana teknologi informasi dan internet mengembangkan iklan menjadi iklan digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat model penelitian sebagai solusi atas permasalahan bagaimana membuat sikap konsumen pada iklan digital di Indonesia menjadi lebih positif. Penelitian ini mengangkat sikap konsumen pada iklan digital di Indonesia sebagai variabel yang memberikan solusi, yaitu variabel entertainment (hiburan), informativenes (keinformatifan), dan credibility (kredibilitas) sebagai variabel anteseden dari Sikap konsumen terhadap iklan digital (ATDID), dan variabel niat membeli sebagai dampak dari Sikap konsumen terhadap iklan digital . Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah framework model penelitian, dan operasionalisasi variabel yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan tujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara variabel tersebut, yang nantinya dapat dibuat sebagai acuan dalam meningkatkan sikap konsumen pada iklan digital yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan intensi membeli.

This study aims to proves the relationship between independence, competence, individual external auditor's responsibility as antecedent variable with financial fraud audit quality, where as the number of cases of financial scandals by manipulating financial data that occurs in large companies and involve public accountants to make public accountants must pay attention to audit quality.This research use causality research method with causal relationship between independent variable with dependent variable. The data used are primary data obtained using questionnaires distributed to Public Accounting Firm (KAP) in North Jakarta and Central Jakarta. The population in this study are all auditors who work in Public Accounting Firm (KAP) of North Jakarta and Central Jakarta with Sample Random Sampling technique which produces 46 respondents from 8 KAP in 2018. Data analysis using SPSS 21. Based on the results of research, for the first equation of independence and competence variables have a significant positive effect on individual external auditor's responsibility variable. For the second equation for independence variable have significant positive effect to financial fraud audit quality variable whereas for competence variable and individual responsibility of external auditor does not have significant effect to fraud audit quality variable.

Some social categories are almost always identifiable in face-to-face interaction (e.g., race and gender). Information about many other category memberships (e.g., religion, sexual orientation) can be uncertain, however. This work explores the influence of uncertainty about category information on face recognition. Current accounts of intergroup bias in face recognition (specifically, the feature selection model and categorization-individuation model) are extended to predict that uncertainty about category information would undermine later recognition of another person. Experiment 1 provided an initial test of this hypothesis by comparing recognition of faces for which category membership was uncertain to recognition of faces belonging to certain ingroup and outgroup members. Experiment 2 used a different comparison group (a threatening outgroup) in order to rule out two alternative interpretations of Experiment 1. Finally, Experiment 3 manipulated category uncertainty without direct reference to outgroup membership in order to address the possibility that uncertain group memberships might be redefined as an entitative outgroup. Across experiments, results converged to indicate that uncertainty about category information undermined face recognition. These results buttress current accounts of facial recognition bias by successfully extending them to a new domain, extend theoretical treatments of motivation as an antecedent variable in face recognition, apply a boundary condition to the influence of threatening stimuli on bias in face recognition, call into question recent findings about the cognitive system's treatment of uncategorized individuals, and identify uncertainty as a determinant of person perception.

The purpose of this study was to find the meaning of psychological adaptability in uncertain work environment. At first, we verified mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between role ambiguity and turnover intention. To this mediating effect model, then, we added adaptability for uncertainty as an antecedent variable: a serial multiple mediating effect of role ambiguity and job satisfaction. The mediating effect of job satisfaction was verified and the serial multiple mediation effect of role ambiguity and job satisfaction was significant as well as the direct effect of adaptability for uncertainty on turnover intention. In addition, role ambiguity had mediation effect between adaptability and turnover intention, but job satisfaction did not mediate the relationship between adaptability for uncertainty and turnover intention. These results mean that, on the one hand, adaptability for uncertainty reduces turnover intention directly, and on the other hand, indirectly through role ambiguity alone or role ambiguity and job satisfaction in serial. The implication and limitations of this study were discussed.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not only resulted in immeasurable life and property losses worldwide but has also impacted individuals’ development, especially teenagers. After the COVID-19 pandemic, individual rumination as an important cognitive process should be given more attention because of its close associations with physical and mental health. Previous studies have shown that creativity as an antecedent variable can predict people’s mental health or adaptation. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between creativity and individual cognitive rumination after traumatic events, and the mechanism underlying this relationship remains unclear. By using the Runco Ideational Behavior Scale (RIBS), the Event Related Rumination Inventory, and the Questionnaire of Adolescent Emotional Resilience, the current study explored the relationship between creativity and intrusive rumination among 1488 Chinese teenagers during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyzed the moderating effect of emotional resilience on the relationship. The results showed that creativity, as assessed by the RIBS, was positively related to teenagers’ intrusive rumination, which implied that a higher level of creative performance could predict more intrusive rumination. Moreover, emotional resilience acted as a moderator in the relationship between creativity and intrusive rumination; the correlation was stronger when emotional resilience was low. These findings provide more evidence of the relationship between creativity and mental health and show the effect of this traumatic event on teenagers.

The purpose of the present study was to examine interaction effects between alcohol protective behavioral strategies (PBS) and a variety of risk and protective factors for experiencing negative alcohol-related consequences using data from a large, multi-site sample of college students. We recruited 5090 college students (71.2% female; 77.4% White; Mean Age = 20.89, SD = 4.44) who reported any alcohol use in the past month from psychology department participant pools at 10 universities across the U.S. to complete an online survey. Alcohol PBS use was a statistically significant negative predictor of alcohol-related problems while controlling for each antecedent variable individually. In terms of moderation effects, 26 out of 35 interactions (74.3%) were statistically significant in the models controlling only for sex. When controlling for frequency and quantity of alcohol use, 24 of 33 interactions (72.7%) were statistically significant. The nature of these interaction effects was largely the same: more frequent alcohol PBS use reduced the positive associations between risk factors and alcohol-related problems. The lack of specificity of these interaction effects calls into question the limited contributions of tests of interaction effects between alcohol PBS and individual antecedent variables. Comprehensive tests of interaction effects between alcohol PBS and antecedent variables with large samples are needed to move the field forward, especially replication attempts of interactions effects reported in single studies.

The purpose of this study is to give a comprehensive picture about the development of Corporate Social Responsibility in accounting research in Indonesia. In this study, CSR research development was traced through mapping articles published in 14 national accredited journals and 10 international journals which sourced from Emerald, Elsevier, Springer, and Wiley. The sample of this research is 81 articles which examine CSR in Indonesia for the period of 2008-2018. This study classifies articles based on research topic, research method, and the model used by the researchers. The research showed that most of the study about CSR in Indonesia discussed about firm size and profitability (as antecedent variable), firm performance (as consequence variable), and the examination and application of CSR practices in Indonesia This research also showed that analytical method is commonly used as the research method in this topic. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, literature review, firm size, profitability, firm performance, analytical method

Purpose – This study aims to investigate the relationship between the follower’s engagement with YouTubers and his/her intention of using a brand they advertise or use. Self-connection, brand love and trust are mediating variables concerning the YouTuber–follower relationship and involvement is the antecedent variable of the engagement. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was carried out and 272 YouTubers’ followers responded. The structuralmodel was tested by covariance-based structural equationmodeling using the software R, v3.6.0. Findings – The present study reveals that the follower’s engagement with YouTubers presents itself within cognitive, affective and behavioural aspects; it rises from the involvement the followers have with their favourite YouTuber. Engagement, enhanced by self-connection, love and trust in the YouTuber, impacts the intention of use of a brand he/she indicates or uses. Practical implications – YouTube is a relevant channel for advertising and promoting a brand. Hence, the company should bear in mind the fact that the YouTuber appointed to represent its image must be connected to the feelings and interests of their followers as well as those of the brands to be publicised. Originality/value – The present research proposes a novel conceptual connection to engagement, established no longer by the brand of a product or service, but by YouTubers. It aims at rendering contribution to this subject as it investigates the correlation of use intention of a brand, subject to the engagement with a human brand, herein represented by YouTubers. Objetivo – Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre o engajamento do seguidor com YouTubers e sua intenção de usar uma marca que anunciam ou usam. Auto-conexão, amor à marca e confiança são variáveis ​​mediadoras da relação YouTuber-seguidor e o envolvimento é o antecedente variável do engajamento. Design/metodologia/abordagem – Foi realizada uma pesquisa e 272 seguidores de YouTubers responderam. O modelo estrutural foi testado por modelagem de equações estruturais baseadas em covariâncias usando o software R, v3.6.0. Resultados – O presente estudo revela que o engajamento do seguidor com os YouTubers se apresenta dentro de aspectos cognitivos, afetivos e comportamentais; nasce do envolvimento que os seguidores têm com seus YouTuber favorito. O envolvimento, aprimorado pela autoconexão, amor e confiança no YouTuber, impacta o intenção de uso de uma marca que indica ou utiliza. Implicações práticas – o YouTube é um canal relevante para anunciar e promover uma marca. Assim, a empresa deve ter em conta o facto de o YouTuber nomeado para representar a sua imagem devem estar ligados aos sentimentos e interesses de seus seguidores, bem como aos das marcas a serem divulgado. Originalidade/valor – A presente pesquisa propõe uma nova conexão conceitual para engajamento, estabelecido não mais pela marca de um produto ou serviço, mas pelos YouTubers. Tem como objetivo renderizar contribuição para este assunto, pois investiga a correlação da intenção de uso de uma marca, engajamento com uma marca humana, aqui representada por YouTubers.

This research studies the effects of environmental performance, green corporate image, and corporate competitive performance on the food production industry in the Bangkok Metropolitan area. Using a multistage sampling method, 400 questionnaires were distributed by mail to SMEs in the food production industry with a response rate of 94.5 percent. Data was analyzed by structural equation modeling using the AMOS program to evaluate the significance of relationships between environmental performance, green corporate image, and corporate competitive performance. Environmental performance, an antecedent variable, was found to have a very moderate positive indirect effect on corporate competitive performance via green corporate image. Sixty-four percent of the variation in the dependent variable is explained by the antecedent variables, indicating significant mediating effects on marketing performance of SMEs in the food industry. Corporate competitive performance was found to be directly affected by corporate environmental performance, suggesting the industry would benefit from increased concern with environmental performance.

Background and purpose: The role of lifestyle and dietary habits and antecedent events has not been clearly identified in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Methods: Information was collected about modifiable environmental factors and antecedent infections and vaccinations in patients with CIDP included in an Italian CIDP Database. Only patients who reported not having changed their diet or the lifestyle habits investigated in the study after the appearance of CIDP were included. The partners of patients with CIDP were chosen as controls. Gender-matched analysis was performed with randomly selected controls with a 1:1 ratio of patients and controls. Results: Dietary and lifestyle data of 323 patients and 266 controls were available. A total of 195 cases and 195 sex-matched controls were used in the analysis. Patients eating rice at least three times per week or eating fish at least once per week appeared to be at decreased risk of acquiring CIDP. Data on antecedent events were collected in 411 patients. Antecedent events within 1–42days before CIDP onset were reported by 15.5% of the patients, including infections in 12% and vaccinations in 1.5%. Patients with CIDP and antecedent infections more often had an acute onset of CIDP and cranial nerve involvement than those without these antecedent events. Conclusions: The results of this preliminary study seem to indicate that some dietary habits may influence the risk of CIDP and that antecedent infections may have an impact on the onset and clinical presentation of the disease.

In psychiatry, the information conveyed by diagnosis (i.e., the “type” to which the individual patient is reconducted) is in itself insufficient for therapeutic and prognostic purposes. Hence the need for a more detailed characterization of the individual case, with a special focus on the assessment of low-order and high-order psychopathological dimensions, the evaluation of the severity of the clinical picture, the assessment of the stage of development of the disorder, and the exploration of a series of antecedent and concomitant variables. We should start to promote the construction and validation of tools guiding the clinician systematically in this characterization, trying to incorporate in this effort elements of the approaches that are currently presented as “alternative” to the ICD and DSM.

In this paper, we propose a new transformation-based weighted fuzzy interpolative reasoning (FIR) method based on ranking values of polygonal fuzzy sets (PFSs) and the proposed new scale and move transformation techniques. The proposed weighted FIR method gets more reasonable FIR results than the ones of the existing methods, where the weight of each antecedent variable and the weight of each fuzzy rule are generated automatically. Moreover, the proposed new scale and move transformation techniques can deal with FIR using singleton fuzzy sets and PFSs. We also apply the proposed weighted FIR method to predict the diarrheal disease rates in remote villages. The proposed weighted FIR method provides us with a very useful way for weighted FIR in sparse fuzzy rule-based systems.

This study tests the accuracy of the Altman bankruptcy prediction model for a wide private companies’ sample that went bankrupt in the years 1985 to 2013. Financial ratios used in the model calculations, Z’-Score (Altman’s Z for private companies) also provide useful information on the solvency and probability of bankruptcy for privately held companies from the sample. The findings do not support the assertion that the Z’-Score can be generalized to countries and sectors different from industrial sector. The general number of bankruptcies may be an antecedent variable to certain economic and/or financial crises, but the results indicate a correct identification of bankruptcy risk only to two thirds of the sample of companies.

There are ubiquitous binary leader-member exchanges between construction workers and their supervisors. Leader-member exchange (LMX) has been regarded as an antecedent variable of work performance. However, few studies empirically examined the influence pathways of LMX on worker safety behavior, especially in the context of construction industry, thereby reducing its potential to improve construction safety. This study explored the relationship between LMX and construction worker safety behavior (CWSB), while the mediating roles of safety climate (SC) and psychological capital (PC) for the LMX-CWSB relationship and the mediating role of SC for the LMX-PC relationship were also tested. Data were collected from 536 construction workers in China through field survey. The hypothesized model was examined with the structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques. Results show that: (a) LMX directly impacted SC and PC, and indirectly affected CWSB through SC and PC, demonstrating LMX’s cascading role on CWSB; (b) SC directly impacted PC and CWSB, and mediated the LMX-PC and LMX-CWSB relationships; and (c) PC positively associated with safety participation behavior (SPB), and mediated the LMX-SPB and SC-SPB relationships. These findings illustrate the complexity of LMX-safety interrelationship and the necessity of initiating both organizational and individual safety interventions simultaneously. This study sheds lights on safety performance research based on the cross-level model. Systematic intervention measures such as cultivating supervisor-worker exchanges and positive safety climate, and enhancing construction workers’ psychological capital are suggested to upgrade construction safety performance.

Organisations appear to pay little attention to rejection letters, considered a special form of organisational communication, despite a growing body of literature that shows they play an important role in terms of employer branding. This study aims to empirically test how applicants&rsquo, perceptions are affected by differently manipulated rejection letters. In detail, a sample of 138 rejected candidates filled in an ad hoc questionnaire on perceived selection procedure fairness and satisfaction, after receiving a rejection letter where we had manipulated time latency, the politeness formula and customisation. Results suggest that providing a timely, customised and informal notification is something agreeable, which is able to affect, above all, fairness perceptions and intention to re-apply. In detail, the time latency in giving feedback appears to affect the relationship between fairness perception and organisational recommendation and acts more as a mediator rather than an antecedent variable. Considering that providing feedback is a relatively low-cost activity that at the same time has a big impact on job applicants, our results show that organisations should be sensitive to negative feedback communication, especially in relation to response time, in order to support their employer branding.

Background. The aim of this study is to develop a new measure for the concept of mental retirement and test the construct validity of the measure. Employees who are ‘mentally retired’ are present at their work physically, but have already said their goodbyes mentally. Mental retirement has a three-factor structure: developmental proactivity, work engagement and perceived appreciation. Methods. We use data from employees (N = 867) of five different organizations in the Netherlands. Mental retirement was assessed with 11 items in an online survey. In addition, socio-demographic characteristics like age, level of education and occupation, were measured. Next to tests of internal consistency, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is performed to test the three-factor structure of mental retirement in this population and in different subgroups (age, education, occupation). Results. The internal consistency varies from .80 to .94 for the developmental proactivity scale and the work engagement scale, respectively (appreciation was measured with one item). For the CFA, the three-factor model fits the data adequately. Multiple group analyses also shows equal factor loadings in all subgroups, but the mean levels of mental retirement differ across subgroups. Conclusions. This study confirms the three-factor model of mental retirement in a general group of employees as well as across different subgroups. However, this study only tested the construct validity. Future research should study validity more extensively and be longitudinal in nature. In addition, the causal chain of antecedent variables to mental retirement and its outcomes should be considered. These studies could also focus on the effects of interventions aiming at preventing or decreasing the level of mental retirement in organizations.

Background. The aim of this study is to develop a new measure for the concept of mental retirement and test the construct validity of the measure. Employees who are ‘mentally retired’ are present at their work physically, but have already said their goodbyes mentally. Mental retirement has a three-factor structure: developmental proactivity, work engagement and perceived appreciation. Methods. We use data from employees (N = 867) of five different organizations in the Netherlands. Mental retirement was assessed with 11 items in an online survey. In addition, socio-demographic characteristics like age, level of education and occupation, were measured. Next to tests of internal consistency, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is performed to test the three-factor structure of mental retirement in this population and in different subgroups (age, education, occupation). Results. The internal consistency varies from .80 to .94 for the developmental proactivity scale and the work engagement scale, respectively (appreciation was measured with one item). For the CFA, the three-factor model fits the data adequately. Multiple group analyses also shows equal factor loadings in all subgroups, but the mean levels of mental retirement differ across subgroups. Conclusions. This study confirms the three-factor model of mental retirement in a general group of employees as well as across different subgroups. However, this study only tested the construct validity. Future research should study validity more extensively and be longitudinal in nature. In addition, the causal chain of antecedent variables to mental retirement and its outcomes should be considered. These studies could also focus on the effects of interventions aiming at preventing or decreasing the level of mental retirement in organizations.

In an effort to improve the professionalism of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in managing their business, each leader of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises must be able to predict the desire of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to leave the organization (turnover intention). Turnover intention will have an impact on human resource management and further impact on the ability of organizations to compete with other organizations.The high level of willingness to move in MSMEs is one of the factors reported by several previous studies as HR problems that affect the success of MSMEs . The factors referred to by previous studies as factors that are able to predict turnover intention are job satisfaction and organizational commitment. So, the aim of the research is to examine the effect of job satisfaction as an antecedent variable on organizational commitment to turnover intention, with organizational commitment as an intervening variable. In this research, some instruments were used: Mienisotta Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) to measure job satisfaction, Allen and Mayer (1990) to measure organizational commitment, and Hom and Griffieth (1991) to measure turnover intention. Path Analysis wa used to analyze the data. The results showed that job satisfaction is an antecedent variable of organizational commitment, but not an antecedent variable of turnover intention. Whereas, organizational commitment is not an intervening variable for the correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intention.