Search

Aneurysmal bone cysts are vascular benign fibroblastic lesions usually found in bone that are locally destructive, with a greater incidence in the first and second decades of life. Patients usually undergo curettage or, less frequently, surgical resection, which may lead to growth disturbances and deformities in cases of large or complex lesions. Minimally invasive techniques such as sclerotherapy and endovascular embolization have been developed as an alternative or complement to surgery, with promising results. The authors present a rare case of an extraskeletal aneurysmal bone cyst successfully treated with minimally invasive techniques followed by surgical resection and provide a literature review of the current treatment options.

Macrodactyly, a often congenital anomaly, entails abnormal enlargement of digits, predominantly affecting hands or feet, either in isolation or as part of a syndromic condition. The authors present a case of Macrodystrophia Lipomatosa (ML), a form of macrodactyly, in a 62-year-old patient, emphasizing macrodactyly manifestations through clinical and radiological assessments. Additionally, the authors explore anatomical aspects related to nerve distribution in affected digits, providing a comprehensive understanding of ML. Teaching Point: Explore macrodactyly, emphasizing digits nerve plexus anatomy, which can reveal crucial clues for diagnosing a specific form of this anomaly.

Prolonged immobilization and, in particular, mechanical ventilation, have been linked to muscle atrophy. Anecdotal reports in the literature describe rhabdomyolysis as a potential late complication of COVID-19 infection which, in severe cases, may coexist with fluid collections. We report a case of a 28-year-old patient that had been recently hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, with need for invasive ventilation support. Days after being discharged, the patient presents with retrosternal thoracalgia irradiating to the left upper limb. On physical examination, abduction and external rotation were limited due to pain complaints and there was soft tissue swelling of the corresponding shoulder and arm. Imaging evaluation was essential to establish the underlying condition, revealing bilateral arthritis communicating with large rotator cuff collections, which was considered of septic nature.

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that predominantly involves the axial skeleton. Imaging findings of axSpA can be divided into active changes, which include bone marrow edema, synovitis, enthesitis, capsulitis, and intra-articular effusion, and structural changes, which include erosions, sclerosis, bone fatty infiltration, fat deposition in an erosion cavity, and bone bridging or ankylosis. The ability to distinguish between imaging lesions suggestive of axSpA and artifacts or lesions suggestive of other disorders is critical for the accurate diagnosis of axSpA. Diagnosis may be challenging, particularly in early-stage disease and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in the detection of subtle or inflammatory changes. MRI also allows the detection of structural changes in the subchondral bone marrow that are not visible on conventional radiography and is of prognostic and monitoring value. However, bone structural changes are more accurately depicted using computed tomography. Conventional radiography, on the other hand, has limitations, but it is easily accessible and may provide insight on gross changes as well as rule out other pathological features of the axial skeleton. This review outlines the imaging evaluation of axSpA with a focus on imaging mimics and potential pitfalls when assessing the axial skeleton.

N/a.

The growing generation of solid waste is one of the environmental problems that have most affected the world population in recent years. The solid waste generated from home appliances and information technology devices are one of the classes that concern the international community, since they have high toxicity and high potential of environmental pollution. This article presents the design, implementation and testing of a model aimed to evaluate the possibility of their remanufacturingfrom the waste originated from household equipment. In the case developed for the article the waste of printers (inkjet and laser), scanners and computerswere evaluated forthe development of a three dimensional printer (3D Printer). The System Dynamics methodology was used to implement the model, and to verify and validate it.There experiments using three scenarios were developed: an uncertainty scenario with a random rate between 25% and 75% of waste reuse; thegrowth scenario with a rate from 25% to 75% of waste reuse (growth of 5% per year) and; static scenario with a rate of 50% of waste reuse during the simulated time.Results generated by the simulation modelshow that the remanufacturing is a viable alternative for the reutilization of the discarded household equipment.

A homogeneity property for some Besov spaces Bp,qs is proved. An analogous property for some Fp,qs spaces is already known.

Continuity envelopes for the spaces of generalised smoothness Bpq(s,Ψ)(ℝn) and Fpq(s,Ψ)(ℝn) are studied in the so-called supercritical s=1+n/p, paralleling recent developments for a corresponding limiting case for local growth envelopes of spaces of such a type. In addition, the power of the concept is used in proving conditions for some embeddings between function spaces to hold, as well as in the study of the asymptotic behaviour of approximation numbers of related embeddings.