Author: "António Alves da Silva" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Inventory of tiger- and ground-beetles (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Cicindelidae and Carabidae) in two sampling seasons of the Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

Author: Artur Serrano, Martim Baptista, Rui Carvalho, Mário Boieiro, Sara Mendes, Marie Bartz, Sérgio Timóteo, Henrique Azevedo-Pereira, Carlos Aguiar, António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Maria Briones, Paulo Borges, José Sousa, and Pedro Martins da Silva
Subjects: biodiversity conservation, diversity assessment, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: The Gorongosa National Park (Mozambique) is one of the most emblematic protected areas in Africa, well known for its vertebrate biodiversity and restoration ecology efforts following the Mozambican civil war in 1992. The invertebrate biodiversity of Gorongosa National Park is still poorly studied, although the scarce information available indicates the existence of a rich number of species, namely in the case of tiger- and ground-beetles (Coleoptera, Caraboidea). Moreover, the study of arthropod assemblages is key for designing conservation practices since they are potentially accurate biodiversity and ecological indicators. Hence, the diversity assessment of Caraboidea beetles using standardised methodologies is likely to provide a new insight for future conservation planning and help to quantify the effects of climate change in areas identified as vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures, such as the Gorongosa National Park.We report the occurrence of five tiger beetles (Cicindelidae) and 93 ground-beetles (Carabidae) species/morphospecies in Gorongosa National Park from a field survey funded by the ECOASSESS project. Sampling was performed in the four main habitat types present in the Park (miombo tropical forest, mixed dry forest, transitional forest and grasslands) between 25 October and 25 November 2019. In this sampling window, the turnover of Caraboidea species from the dry season to the wet season was recorded for the first time. Twenty-eight species of ground-beetles are new records to Mozambique, including three new subgenera and three new genera. Additional information on species phenology and habitat preferences is also provided.
Published: 2023
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2. The effect of COVID-19 confinement on the activity behaviour of red deer

Author: Fernanda Garcia, António Alves da Silva, Helena Freitas, José Paulo Sousa, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Activity patterns, COVID-19, Cultural services, People outdoor activities, Red deer, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected people’s social habits, especially those related to outdoor activities. We intended to understand the effects of the two national lockdowns in Portugal on the presence and activity of a wild population of red deer (Cervus elaphus) by analysing data from camera traps installed at Lousã mountain, in the central part of Portugal. The cameras were set between 2019 and 2021, and a total of 2434 individual contacts of red deer and 182 contacts of people were recorded. Results showed a higher human presence in the mountain area during the COVID-19 outbreak, especially during the first lockdown in 2020 (0.05 ± 0.17 individuals/day), compared to the same period of the year before the pandemic (0.02 ± 0.05 individuals/day), which resulted in an increase of people by 150%. The increase in human presence did not have a significant direct effect on the presence of red deer. Despite the low overlap of activity patterns between people and red deer, deer showed avoidance behaviour in the 24 h after the detection of human presence on camera traps, as well as an increase in daily activity during the 2020 lockdown, showing red deer’s awareness of human visitation. These results showed that people’s increased search for cultural services in wild environments during COVID-19 lockdowns, such as hiking and biking, seemed to influence the population of red deer, albeit momentarily.
Published: 2023
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3. Bridging the Gap between Field Experiments and Machine Learning: The EC H2020 B-GOOD Project as a Case Study towards Automated Predictive Health Monitoring of Honey Bee Colonies

Author: Coby van Dooremalen, Zeynep N. Ulgezen, Raffaele Dall’Olio, Ugoline Godeau, Xiaodong Duan, José Paulo Sousa, Marc O. Schäfer, Alexis Beaurepaire, Pim van Gennip, Marten Schoonman, Claude Flener, Severine Matthijs, David Claeys Boúúaert, Wim Verbeke, Dana Freshley, Dirk-Jan Valkenburg, Trudy van den Bosch, Famke Schaafsma, Jeroen Peters, Mang Xu, Yves Le Conte, Cedric Alaux, Anne Dalmon, Robert J. Paxton, Anja Tehel, Tabea Streicher, Daniel S. Dezmirean, Alexandru I. Giurgiu, Christopher J. Topping, James Henty Williams, Nuno Capela, Sara Lopes, Fátima Alves, Joana Alves, João Bica, Sandra Simões, António Alves da Silva, Sílvia Castro, João Loureiro, Eva Horčičková, Martin Bencsik, Adam McVeigh, Tarun Kumar, Arrigo Moro, April van Delden, Elżbieta Ziółkowska, Michał Filipiak, Łukasz Mikołajczyk, Kirsten Leufgen, Lina De Smet, and Dirk C. de Graaf
Subjects: honey bee automated health monitoring, data collection method, data standardization and harmonization, work plans and protocols, stakeholder involvement in research, big data on honey bee colonies, Science
Abstract: Honey bee colonies have great societal and economic importance. The main challenge that beekeepers face is keeping bee colonies healthy under ever-changing environmental conditions. In the past two decades, beekeepers that manage colonies of Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) have become increasingly concerned by the presence of parasites and pathogens affecting the bees, the reduction in pollen and nectar availability, and the colonies’ exposure to pesticides, among others. Hence, beekeepers need to know the health condition of their colonies and how to keep them alive and thriving, which creates a need for a new holistic data collection method to harmonize the flow of information from various sources that can be linked at the colony level for different health determinants, such as bee colony, environmental, socioeconomic, and genetic statuses. For this purpose, we have developed and implemented the B-GOOD (Giving Beekeeping Guidance by computational-assisted Decision Making) project as a case study to categorize the colony’s health condition and find a Health Status Index (HSI). Using a 3-tier setup guided by work plans and standardized protocols, we have collected data from inside the colonies (amount of brood, disease load, honey harvest, etc.) and from their environment (floral resource availability). Most of the project’s data was automatically collected by the BEEP Base Sensor System. This continuous stream of data served as the basis to determine and validate an algorithm to calculate the HSI using machine learning. In this article, we share our insights on this holistic methodology and also highlight the importance of using a standardized data language to increase the compatibility between different current and future studies. We argue that the combined management of big data will be an essential building block in the development of targeted guidance for beekeepers and for the future of sustainable beekeeping.
Published: 2024
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4. Exploring the External Environmental Drivers of Honey Bee Colony Development

Author: Nuno Capela, Artur Sarmento, Sandra Simões, Sara Lopes, Sílvia Castro, António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Yoko L. Dupont, Dirk C. de Graaf, and José Paulo Sousa
Subjects: honey bee, landscape context, foraging, climate, flower resources, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Honey bees play an important role in agricultural landscapes by providing pollination services. Throughout the season, colonies increase their population and collect resources from the available flowering plants. Besides internal mechanisms, such as the amount of brood or the availability of bees to perform foraging flights, colonies are also influenced by the climate and the surrounding landscape. Therefore, exposure to different environmental contexts leads to distinct development rates. In this study, we show how colonies develop under three different landscape contexts and explore which external variables (mostly climate and resources availability) influence the colonies’ development. We installed three apiaries in three different landscapes in the Iberian Peninsula, with temporal and spatial variation in climatic conditions and resource availability. The availability of resources and their use, as well as the development of colonies throughout the season, were thoroughly investigated. These data were used to take the first step into creating an ecologically relevant landscape by calculating the number of available resources in the landscape at different points in time, based on plants’ beekeeping interest as well as nectar and production. Furthermore, climatic variables were transformed into the amount of available foraging minutes that bees had to collect resources, and a theoretical threshold of optimal vs. sub-optimal conditions was also explored. Interestingly, the main drivers of colony development (measured by daily weight increase) were not the same in the tested apiaries, evidencing how colonies are indeed intrinsically connected with the surrounding environmental scenario. Therefore, results from field testing are extremely context-dependent and should be interpreted with caution when being extrapolated to other environmental scenarios.
Published: 2023
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5. Differences in the Diets of Female and Male Red Deer: The Meaning for Sexual Segregation

Author: Fernanda Garcia, António Alves da Silva, Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Peter Neuhaus, Catarina Coelho, Muyang Wang, José Paulo Sousa, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Cervus elaphus, sexual segregation, diet composition, forage quality, feeding behaviour, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Sexual segregation is a common phenomenon among animals, particularly dimorphic ones. Although widely addressed, the reasons and consequences of sexual segregation are still an important topic in need of better understanding. In this study, we mainly evaluate the diet composition and feeding behaviour of animals, which are related to the use of different habitats by the sexes, a special case of sexual segregation also termed habitat segregation. Sexually size dimorphic males and females often have different energetic and nutritional needs and, thus, different diets. We collected fresh faecal samples from wild Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in Portugal. Samples were analysed in terms of diet composition and quality. As expected, both sexes differed in their diet composition, with males eating more arboreous species than females, but this difference was affected by sampling periods. Diet composition of both sexes had the biggest differences (and the lowest overlap) in spring, which corresponds to the end of gestation and beginning of birth. These differences might be a consequence of the sexual body size dimorphism characteristic of this species, as well as of different needs due to different reproductive costs. No differences regarding the quality of the excreted diet were observed. Our results may help to understand some patterns of sexual segregation observed in this red deer population. However, besides foraging ecology, other factors may also be contributing to sexual segregation in this Mediterranean population of red deer, and further studies focusing on sexual differences regarding feeding behaviour and digestibility are needed.
Published: 2023
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6. Siberian Ibex Capra sibirica Respond to Climate Change by Shifting to Higher Latitudes in Eastern Pamir

Author: Yingying Zhuo, Muyang Wang, Baolin Zhang, Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, António Alves da Silva, Weikang Yang, and Joana Alves
Subjects: ensemble species distribution models, suitable habitat, latitude shift, human distribution, mountain ungulates, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Climate change has led to shifts in species distribution and become a crucial factor in the extinction of species. Increasing average temperatures, temperature extremes, and unpredictable weather events have all become a part of a perfect storm that is threatening ecosystems. Higher altitude habitats are disproportionately affected by climate change, and habitats for already threatened specialist species are shrinking. The Siberian ibex, Capra sibirica, is distributed across Central Asia and Southern Siberia and is the dominant ungulate in the Pamir plateau. To understand how climate change could affect the habitat of Siberian ibex in the Taxkorgan Nature Reserve (TNR), an ensemble species distribution model was built using 109 occurrence points from a four-year field survey. Fifteen environmental variables were used to simulate suitable habitat distribution under different climate change scenarios. Our results demonstrated that a stable, suitable habitat for Siberian ibex was mostly distributed in the northwest and northeast of the TNR. We found that climate change will further reduce the area of suitable habitat for this species. In the scenarios of RCP2.6 to 2070 and RCP8.5 to 2050, habitat loss would exceed 30%. In addition, suitable habitats for Siberian ibex will shift to higher latitudes under climate change. As a result, timely prediction of the distribution of endangered animals is conducive to the conservation of the biodiversity of mountain ecosystems, particularly in arid areas.
Published: 2022
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7. Goitered Gazelle Gazella subgutturosa Responded to Human Disturbance by Increasing Vigilance Rather than Changing the Group Size

Author: Wenxuan Xu, Muyang Wang, David Blank, António Alves da Silva, Weikang Yang, Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Kalamaili, mining activities, gazella subgutturosa, human disturbance, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Nonlethal human disturbances have been confirmed to have a negative effect on wildlife in a variety of ways, including on behaviors. In many studies, the impact of human disturbances on gregarious species of wildlife is assessed through changes in their social organization and vigilance. In our study in the Kalamaili Nature Reserve, China, we wanted to estimate the impacts of differing levels of human disturbances on two different group types (mixed-sex and all-male) of goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa, living in three functional zones (experimental, buffer, and core zones), which represent high, medium, and low human disturbance levels, respectively. In addition, we studied the time spent vigilant as a function of group size with different levels of human disturbances in the three zones. In general, mixed-sex gazelle groups were of similar sizes in the three different zones, while all-male groups slightly differed in their sizes between the experimental and buffer zones. This may indicate that human disturbances have varying effects on the different group types, with smaller-sized, single-sex groups being more significantly affected by human disturbances than larger-sized, mixed-sex groups. Goitered gazelle showed higher vigilance levels in the experimental zone than in the two other zones. A trend of decreasing vigilance varying linearly with group size was also found in the three zones, and the rate of decrease was higher in the experimental zone. Increased habitat fragmentation and human activities brought goitered gazelle and humans closer together in the core zone. Therefore, stopping mining activities and returning the reserve to a continuous habitat with fewer environmental disturbances is the best way to establish and protect a stable population of this endangered species of gazelle.
Published: 2022
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8. Land-Use Effect on Olive Groves Pest Prays oleae and on Its Potential Biocontrol Agent Chrysoperla carnea

Author: João Frederico Alves, Sara Mendes, António Alves da Silva, José Paulo Sousa, and Daniel Paredes
Subjects: biodiversity, conservation biological control, geospatial analysis, landscape, Science
Abstract: Olive growing has been intensified through the simplification of agricultural landscapes. In order to rethink the environmental drawbacks of these practices, conservation biological control techniques have been examined. In this work, Prays oleae and its natural enemy Chrysoperla carnea were monitored to account for the effects of the amount and diversity of different land-uses. We found that C. carnea showed an attraction to areas with high abundances of P. oleae but this predator did not display any affection by the different land-uses. Inversely, P. oleae abundance was lower in diverse landscapes and higher in simplified ones. Importantly, higher abundances of C. carnea were related to lower infestation levels of P. oleae in the late part of the season. These results corroborate the attraction of C. carnea to the olive moth, highlighting the potential of C. carnea as a biological control agent of this pest, assert that the promotion of land-use diversity can reduce P. oleae and confirm that landscapes dominated by olive groves can promote this pest. The present study aims at contributing to the discussion about the management of agricultural ecosystems by providing farmers with sustainable alternatives that do not have harmful effects on the environment and public health.
Published: 2021
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9. Physiological Stress Reactions in Red Deer Induced by Hunting Activities

Author: Sofia Vilela, António Alves da Silva, Rupert Palme, Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, José Paulo Sousa, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Cervus elaphus, plasma, feces, hair, glucocorticoids, hunting, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract: Hunting activity is usually seen as a factor capable of causing an intense stress response in wildlife that may lead to short but also long-term stress. In the Lousã Mountain, Portugal, the population of red deer (Cervus elaphus) is the target of intensive seasonal hunting. We collected and measured cortisol (and its metabolites) in three tissues types (blood, feces and hair) from red deer hunted during two hunting seasons to evaluate the stress levels at different time windows. We also assessed the immunological and physical condition of the animals. We predicted that the hunting activity would act as a stressor inducing increased short and long-term stress levels in the population. Results showed an increase in hair cortisol levels during the months of harvesting. Surprisingly, the tendency for plasma cortisol levels was to decrease during the hunting season, which could be interpreted as habituation to hunting activity, or due to the hunting duration. Contrary to our predictions, fecal cortisol metabolites did not show any clear patterns across the months. Overall, our results suggest an influence of hunting activities on the physiological stress in red deer. In addition, hair seems to be useful to measure physiological stress, although more studies are required to fully understand its suitability as an indicator of long-term stress. Methodologically, our approach highlights the importance of simultaneously using different methods to assess short and long-term effects in studies on physiological stress reactions.
Published: 2020
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10. Red deer as a disperser of native, but not invasive plants’ seeds

Author: Fernanda GARCIA, António ALVES DA SILVA, Ruben HELENO, José PAULO SOUSA, and Joana ALVES
Subjects: Animal Science and Zoology
Published: 2023

11. Inventory of tiger and ground beetles (Coleoptera, Caraboidea: Cicindelidae and Carabidae) in two sampling seasons of the Gorongosa National Park

Author: Artur Serrano, Martim Baptista, Rui Carvalho, Mário Boieiro, Sara Mendes, Marie Bartz, Sérgio Timóteo, Henrique Azevedo-Pereira, Carlos Aguiar, António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Maria Briones, Paulo Borges, José Sousa, and Pedro Martins da Silva
Abstract: The Gorongosa National Park (Mozambique) is one of the most emblematic protected areas in Africa, well known for its vertebrate biodiversity and restoration ecology efforts following the Mozambican civil war in 1992. The invertebrate biodiversity of Gorongosa National Park is still poorly studied, although the scarce information available indicates the existence of a rich number of species, particularly ground-beetles. The study of Caraboidea beetles is key for designing conservation practices since they are frequently used as biodiversity and ecological indicators and provide valuable information to help decision making. Therefore, the diversity assessment of Caraboidea beetles using standardized methodologies, can be used to quantify the effects of climate change in areas identified as vulnerable to antropogenic pressures, such as the Gorongosa National Park We report the occurrence of five tiger beetles (Cicindelidae) and 93 ground beetles (Carabidae) species/morphospecies in Gorongosa National Park from a field survey funded by the ECOASSESS project. Sampling was performed in the four main habitat types present in the park (miombo tropical forest, mixed dry forest, transition forest and grasslands) between October 25th and November 25th. In this sampling window, the turnover of Caraboidea species from the dry season to the wet season was recorded for the first time. Twenty-seven species of ground-beetles are new records to Mozambique, including three new subgenera and two new genera. Additional information on species phenology and habitat preferences is also provided.
Published: 2023

12. Bird Taxonomic and Functional Diversity, Group- and Species-Level Effects on a Gradient of Weevil-Caused Damage in Eucalypt Plantations

Author: Ricardo S. Ceia, Nuno Faria, Pedro B. Lopes, Joana Alves, António Alves da Silva, Carlos Valente, Catarina Isabel Gonçalves, Vanessa A. Mata, José Paulo Sousa, and Luís P. da Silva
Published: 2023

13. Tree canopy enhances Collembola functional richness and diversity across typical habitats of the Gorongosa National Park (Mozambique)

Author: Pedro Martins da Silva, Marie Bartz, Sara Mendes, Mário Boieiro, Sérgio Timóteo, Henrique M.V.S. Azevedo-Pereira, António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Artur R.M. Serrano, and José Paulo Sousa
Subjects: History, Mesofauna, Polymers and Plastics, Drought, Functional Diversity, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Abstract: The role of tree canopies in protecting soil functional diversity is essential for ecosystems threatened by the longer lasting periods of drought, which are predicted to increase in the southern afro-tropical region. Nonetheless, biodiversity inventories of soil mesofauna are scarce in afro-tropical ecosystems, even in emblematic and well-studied protected areas, such as the Gorongosa National Park (GNP). Understanding the interrelationships between tree canopies and soil fauna functional diversity can provide insightful information for future adaptive management to protect wildlife and ecosystem services in the GNP, in the context of climate change. Here we assessed collembolan functional type richness and functional diversity in the dry period and during the rainfall across major GNP habitat types: miombo forests, mixed forests, and open savanna/floodplains. Besides the significant positive influence of rainfall, habitat types also influenced functional type’ richness and diversity of collembolan life-forms. Environmental gradients across habitat types, namely the area of tree canopy cover and its indirect effect on soil local conditions (pH and nutrient availability), explained collembolan functional parameters. Calcium concentrations and soil alkalinity significantly enhanced collembolan functional type richness and functional diversity, respectively. Collembola survival across GNP habitats depended on the canopy buffering in the dry sampling period. These results highlight the key role of tree canopies in creating suitable microhabitat conditions supporting soil functional diversity and the sustainability of soil processes and ecosystem services in GNP. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2023

14. Basal Cell Carcinoma with Disseminated Bone Metastization: An Unusual Outcome of the Most Common Malignancy

Author: Carolina Carvalho, Margarida Borrego, António Alves da Silva, Joana Calvão, Bruno Mota Fernandes, Luísa Rolim, and Ricardo Vieira
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma Basocelular/tratamento farmacológico, Vismodegib, Dermatology, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Pembrolizumab, Disease, Malignancy, Systemic therapy, Neoplasm Metastasis/radiotherapy, Internal medicine, Medicine, Basal cell carcinoma, Neoplasias da Pele/tratamento farmacológico, Metástase Neoplásica/radioterapia, Carcinoma, Basal Cell/secondary, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.disease, RL1-803, Carcinoma, Basal Cell/drug therapy, Skin cancer, business, Skin Neoplasms/ drug therapy, Carcinoma Basocelular/secundário, medicine.drug
Abstract: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer, with a very low incidence of metastases, associated with high morbidity and mortality. The morpheaform clinical variant is uncommon, presenting an aggressive growth pattern. Early diagnosis and new targeted therapies for metastatic disease are important to improve survival rates. We present the case of a 29-year-old patient with morpheaform basal cell carcinoma in the right genian region. Due to local recurrences, he underwent surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. For extensive metastatic bone involvement, the patient started vismodegib and, later, pembrolizumab, and also performed palliative radiotherapy. Despite several lines of systemic therapy, the disease progressed, and the patient died after 8 years of follow-up. This case shows how crucial it is to identify risk factors for metastatic basal cell carcinoma and highlights the need to improve target therapies and tailor them to the patient’s biological profile.
Published: 2021

15. Erratum: Searches for continuous gravitational waves from 15 supernova remnants and fomalhaut b with advanced LIGO (2019, ApJ, 875, 122)*

Author: A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, F. Frasconi, Chris A. Collins, R. Flaminio, Marcus E. Lower, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, E. K. Wessel, Nikhil Sarin, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, Andrew Matas, C. F. Da Silva Costa, M. A. Okada, G. Rutins, Graham Woan, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, D. Passuello, A. Cirone, H. S. Chen, Hyun Lee, J. D. Lough, K. Mason, S. A. Bilgili, E. C. Ferreira, Robert L. Byer, J. Calderón Bustillo, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, O. Halim, N. A. Robertson, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, Patrick Godwin, N. Sennett, P. Kumar, Jacob Scheuer, B. R. Hall, J. Hanks, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, Edward K. Porter, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, K. W. Tsang, C. Horst, W. A. Campbell, Andreas Freise, C. V. Kalaghatgi, M. Rakhmanov, G. Pagano, Paul D. Lasky, J. W. Westhouse, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Patricia Schmidt, V. Brisson, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Matthew Pitkin, D. Cohen, Kiran Prasai, P. J. Veitch, S. A. Usman, C. Messenger, Liam Cunningham, E. A. M. Muniz, Daniel A. Shaddock, P. Gruning, Brittany Kamai, Riccardo Ciolfi, Alberto Vecchio, Geoffrey Mo, J. M. Fishner, Roman Schnabel, J. Hanson, M. Wade, M. Montani, P. Sharma, Héctor Estellés, N. Letendre, F. Ricci, A. Lenon, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Richard Gray, Efim A. Khazanov, Peter T. H. Pang, C. Affeldt, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, A. A. Ciobanu, M. Granata, Minchuan Zhou, F. Marion, P. Brockill, Nancy Aggarwal, Hang Yu, P. G. Murray, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. R. Thondapu, J. R. Palamos, Michele Zanolin, S. Mukherjee, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, V. Kalogera, N. Leroy, G. D. Hammond, Javed Rana, H. Fong, G. Greco, M. Haney, T. A. Callister, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, S. R. P. Mohapatra, G. Giordano, K. Toland, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, H. Ohta, Vuk Mandic, B. Bécsy, M. Kasprzack, I. Dave, B. D. Lackey, R. L. Ward, Scott Coughlin, A.J. Weinstein, K. H. Lai, M. Phelps, H. S. Cho, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, E. Capocasa, M. Chan, S. Walsh, D. J. McManus, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, Andrew Mehta, S. D. Linker, R. Robie, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, R. D. Kennedy, José A. Font, Gregorio Carullo, S. Kumar, J. Prasad, H. K. Gulati, V. Raymond, Steven Bloemen, H. J. Bulten, Shiuh Chao, P. J. Sutton, N. Singh, C. Buy, Samuele Cortese, J. McIver, Vivishek Sudhir, P. A. Altin, A. Basti, N. A. Lockerbie, E. Schreiber, Charalampos Markakis, P. Grassia, Kipp Cannon, M. Steinke, P.H. Nguyen, Ryan N. Lang, Z. Doctor, Alyssa Garcia, J. H. Romie, Carlos O. Lousto, S. Sitmukhambetov, Alejandro Torres-Forné, A. Samajdar, D. M. Wysocki, T. Mistry, Mark A. Scheel, Charlie Hoy, F. Clara, M. A. Aloy, T. M. Evans, C. North, Thomas Dent, P. Corban, P. Ajith, B. Mours, Mandar Patil, Abhirup Ghosh, J. Neilson, Bala R. Iyer, Y. K. Lecoeuche, M. Muratore, Karsten Danzmann, Fabrizio Barone, N. Mukund, P. B. Covas, M. C. Edwards, T. Hinderer, Marta Colleoni, J. A. Giaime, Michael Pürrer, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, A. Grado, D. C. Vander-Hyde, S. S. Y. Chua, J. Eichholz, J.-P. Coulon, Hua Wang, E. A. Chase, J. Betzwieser, G. Kang, L. R. Cominsky, O. A. Hannuksela, Z. Frei, A. Pal-Singh, S. Caride, Kevin Barkett, N. Bode, S. E. Gossan, Tristan Briant, R. Gustafson, Antoine Heidmann, Rana X. Adhikari, S. McCormick, C. Casentini, Slawomir Gras, D. Töyrä, H. Overmier, S. W. S. Ng, G. Wang, M. C. Heintze, J. S. Areeda, I. Belahcene, B. B. Lane, N. Mazumder, Maher Yazback, F. Donovan, J. Bosveld, N. A. Holland, N. V. Keerthana, M.L. Walker, C. Cahillane, L. Sun, M. C. Milovich-Goff, Dániel Barta, J. D. E. Creighton, V. Gayathri, P. Puppo, J.-D. Fournier, S. J. Kapadia, A. L. Stuver, A. S. Sengupta, H. W. Lee, I. Di Palma, S. T. Countryman, Francesco Pannarale, E. A. Huerta, J. L. Wright, Alessandra Corsi, B. W. Schulte, A. Rocchi, J. P. Zendri, R. Kashyap, Chandra Kant Mishra, R. Bhandare, Sylvain Marsat, Lee McCuller, T. Bulik, T. D. Abbott, O. Puncken, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, Philip F. Hopkins, C. Cocchieri, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, M. Kinley-Hanlon, I. Fiori, Shawn Rosofsky, Jun Liu, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, D. Sellers, J. Meidam, Jeff R. Powell, Riccardo Sturani, D. Hoak, Stefan L. Danilishin, Patrick Brady, L. Matone, Haocun Yu, M. Landry, R. M. S. Schofield, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, V. Avendano, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Geoffrey Lovelace, Soichiro Morisaki, John Worden, P. Couvares, Carl-Johan Haster, O. J. Piccinni, L. Rolland, C. L. Romel, Miriam Cabero, Alessandra Buonanno, L. Wallace, S. Biscoveanu, M. B. Shaner, Benjamin J. Owen, Alexander Urban, Antoni Ramos-Buades, V. V. Frolov, A. Singhal, F. Carbognani, Jordan Camp, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, A. Królak, B. D. Cheeseboro, G. Cerretani, P. J. Easter, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. J. Szczepańczyk, L. Di Fiore, E. Bonilla, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, Jessica Steinlechner, A. Neunzert, P.-F. Cohadon, M. Heurs, Irina Kowalska, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Kin Sing Stephen Lee, Frank Ohme, M. Tonelli, R. De Rosa, Kwan-Lok Li, I. Nardecchia, Reed Essick, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, S. Kandhasamy, M. Fishbach, B. Sorazu, Christopher Wipf, Archisman Ghosh, A. P. Lundgren, Gabrielle Allen, E. J. Daw, M. Punturo, F. Garufi, Antonio Marquina, Surendra Nadh Somala, I. Dorrington, Robert J. McCarthy, T. A. Ferreira, R. Frey, Joseph Smith, S. Brunett, J. Zweizig, A. W. Heptonstall, E. L. Merilh, D. Barker, K. D. Giardina, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, L. Naticchioni, Salvatore Vitale, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, N. Man, Antonios Kontos, D. Moffa, J. J. McCann, J.-M. Isac, D. Hofman, Linqing Wen, A. Bisht, A. Kutynia, M. A. Page, Tyson Littenberg, Z. Tornasi, Junwei Cao, Sebastian Steinlechner, T. J. Slaven-Blair, S. ShyamSundar, C. Stachie, Hongyu Shen, O. de Varona, J. B. Kanner, Federico Ferrini, Lijing Shao, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, Christopher P. L. Berry, S. H. Huttner, G. M. Harry, Andrea Chincarini, K. Venkateswara, Yuri Levin, C. Austin, C.D. Booth, M. Barsuglia, S. Appert, A. Giazotto, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, T. Z. Summerscales, A. Viceré, T. Huynh-Dinh, Fabio Hernandez, H. Cao, Ashok Kumar, D. J. Vine, W. Katzman, Alena Ananyeva, D. C. Coyne, Stanislav Babak, Rico K. L. Lo, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, F. Y. Khalili, Ken K. Y. Ng, A. Hreibi, M. Thomas, D. Fiorucci, Manuela Rizzo, H. Radkins, A. Bozzi, A. K. Prajapati, A. R. Wade, M. Agathos, M. Brinkmann, R. Quitzow-James, N. N. Janthalur, B. Sassolas, K. Izumi, L. Xiao, J. S. Lange, H. Y. Chia, M. C. Díaz, W. S. Kim, M. H. Wimmer, K. Haughian, S. Hochheim, M. Yvert, M. Nery, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, Roger Jones, V. J. Roma, A. P. Spencer, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, M. Khursheed, Ettore Majorana, Robert Stone, Alessandro Nagar, D. D. Brown, Anthony A. Amato, N. van Bakel, Sebastien Biscans, P. Fulda, P. Charlton, F. Magaña-Sandoval, L. Aiello, M. Gosselin, A. R. Williamson, D. Huet, R. Green, M. Was, M. C. Tringali, A. K. Zadrożny, E. E. Cowan, V. Boschi, L. Zhang, J. H. Klika, M. Bawaj, J. Junker, M. van Beuzekom, K. W. Chung, David Coward, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, F. Travasso, M. Constancio, A. Allocca, Sascha Husa, G. Venugopalan, D.B. DeBra, Mikhail L. Gorodetsky, C. Whittle, Z. Khan, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, Y. Setyawati, H. Khan, S. E. Barclay, B. F. Whiting, F. Brighenti, C. Talbot, J. H. Briggs, J. Casanueva Diaz, D. H. Reitze, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, V. Kringel, J. L. Willis, Ofek Birnholtz, M. F. Carney, P. Schale, R. Bonnand, Mariana Fazio, H. Vocca, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Sowell, Albrecht Rüdiger, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Jochen Kissel, Felice Sorrentino, V. Srivastava, D. Talukder, Michał Bejger, M. Standke, M. Croquette, David A. Williams, A. Effler, I. W. Harry, D. Mukherjee, Y. R. Chen, J. Jiang, Alessandro Bertolini, M. Fays, D. Moraru, J. C. Driggers, Matthew Evans, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, M. M. Hanke, Leo Singer, E. Cesarini, M. Hulko, T. D. Creighton, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Jörg Hennig, Eric Howell, A. Strunk, G. Vedovato, L. E. H. Datrier, D. B. Kozak, D. Stocks, C. Vorvick, P. Thomas, M. Arène, S. B. Anderson, Tim Dietrich, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, A. Di Lieto, R. A. Eisenstein, S. J. Chamberlin, Jishnu Suresh, G. D. Meadors, Z. A. Warden, R. Gouaty, T. Zelenova, Riccardo Bassiri, John J. Oh, M. Vasúth, Jonathan Cripe, N. Kijbunchoo, E. Cuoco, Sheelu Abraham, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, G. D. O'Dea, Bruno Giacomazzo, Giuseppe Intini, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, T. Etzel, J.-G. Ducoin, M. Eisenmann, A. Dmitriev, S. Leavey, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, L. K. Nuttall, D. Wilken, S. Katsanevas, R. Goetz, C. Adams, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, D. M. Shoemaker, Binlei Ding, V. Bossilkov, Lindsay DeMarchi, I. Khan, K. Siellez, D. Sentenac, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, Sergio Gaudio, D. B. Tanner, A. Trovato, Olivier Minazzoli, Magnus Manske, M. Razzano, C. C. Yancey, F. Vetrano, Zachariah B. Etienne, Jennifer Watchi, E. Maros, R. C. Walet, V. P. Mitrofanov, R. Colgan, C. S. Unnikrishnan, G. Moreno, V. Kondrashov, P. Leaci, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, S. P. Stevenson, Achamveedu Gopakumar, R. Inta, C. J. Richardson, S. Klimenko, M. J. Yap, C. Palomba, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, F.L. Linde, P. Booker, L. Milano, S. C. Tait, N. V. Krishnendu, A. Pasqualetti, W. Del Pozzo, W. M. Farr, A. C. Green, Fausto Acernese, M. Korobko, B. C. Pant, C. Messick, J. Derby, J. Healy, K. A. Thorne, A. Cumming, M. Denys, M. Tse, S. Ascenzi, S. E. Dwyer, R. M. Magee, David Keitel, V. Germain, S. J. Cooper, Giacomo Ciani, K. Rao, Yongjung Kim, Peter Weßels, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, David J. Ottaway, B. P. Abbott, H. Vahlbruch, J. C. Mills, E. K. Gustafson, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, H. Middleton, S. Doravari, H. Heitmann, Piotr Jaranowski, M. S. Shahriar, P. Ruggi, M. Weinert, H. A. G. Gabbard, D. M. Macleod, Karan Jani, B. L. Swinkels, Arunava Mukherjee, S. Privitera, L. Glover, Imre Bartos, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, H. Qi, E. Genin, J. Zhang, F. Baldaccini, B. U. Gadre, A. Lartaux-Vollard, B. Irwin, R. Shink, L. Rei, Huang-Wei Pan, Gijs Nelemans, S. Vass, Kenneth A. Strain, Jimin George, R. Coyne, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, M. Sieniawska, Fabrice Matichard, A. Paoli, K. A. Santiago, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, G. Cagnoli, Arnold Miller, H. N. Isa, Suvadeep Bose, V. Tiwari, V. Quetschke, Yann Bouffanais, Martin M. Fejer, L. F. Ortega, D. Lumaca, M. Pedraza, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, K. AultONeal, K. Chakravarti, E. D. Hall, L. Sammut, Lionel London, D. George, R. K. Lanza, Y. Boetzel, Alexander C. Jenkins, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, Z. Márka, M. Mantovani, T. Prestegard, D. W. Yeeles, Xie Chen, A. Markowitz, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Samuel Deléglise, M. Merzougui, A. Fernandez-Galiana, S. M. Scott, M. Obergaulinger, Turlough P. Downes, F. Cavalier, A. Ain, R. J. Trudeau, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, C. De Rossi, W. Parker, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Milan Gupta, G. Dálya, B. Gateley, G. Cho, J. C. Bayley, Aaron Buikema, V. Sandberg, E. J. King, M. J. Cowart, S. Koley, M. Boer, G. Mendell, S. J. Jadhav, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Shubhanshu Tiwari, G. Koekoek, L. Trozzo, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, Koh Ueno, Christian Pedersen, Albert Lazzarini, Kyungmin Kim, N. Koper, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, B. O'Reilly, A. W. Jones, Sheila Rowan, S. G. Schwalbe, D. Pascucci, R. De Pietri, S. Mitra, T. Sadecki, W. Ren, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, J. Z. Wang, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, R. Cotesta, R. G. Ormiston, S. Kaufer, Rainer Weiss, David E. McClelland, Paul J. Groot, M. Zevin, R. A. Mercer, S. Ossokine, Jinsook Kim, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, A. M. Holgado, H. Fair, Samaya Nissanke, X. Liu, M. A. Bizouard, K. Bossie, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, Al Imran Malik, K. G. Arun, J. D. Tasson, C. K. Cheong, J. R. Gair, M. Fitz-Axen, B. K. Berger, S. D'Antonio, N. Arnaud, K. E. Ramirez, W. Z. Korth, Daniel E. Holz, F. Di Renzo, Torrey Cullen, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, Marco Romanelli, M. Fyffe, F. Cipriano, David Blair, C. Fee, Gabriela Gonzalez, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, Jesper Munch, K. R. Corley, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, J. Birch, S. Bae, P. Rapagnani, F. J. Raab, D. Tuyenbayev, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, S. Barnum, D. Buskulic, S. G. Gaonkar, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, B. A. Weaver, Xiaohui Fan, J. G. Rollins, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, M. De Laurentis, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, G. Valdes, David Jones, M. R. Ganija, L.-W. Wei, Haixing Miao, G. Bogaert, R. Taylor, P. Popolizio, Koji Arai, Ryan Lynch, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, E. J. Sanchez, S. Ponrathnam, G. A. Prodi, K. L. Dooley, Fangchen Feng, Lisa Barsotti, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, Marco Cavaglia, J.J. Bero, Leo Tsukada, David H. Shoemaker, M. Lormand, D. J. Stops, S. Karki, Anirban Dasgupta, E. Z. Hamilton, R. J. G. Jonker, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, D. Verkindt, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, Keith Rose, K. S. Karvinen, F. Martelli, C. Rajan, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Peter R. Saulson, V. Sequino, Tenglin Li, R. DeSalvo, D. Estevez, B. Pang, Paul T. Baker, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, D. Rosińska, J. C. Barayoga, V. Fafone, R. Tso, Jonathan Richardson, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, N. Sanchis-Gual, N. Radulescu, L. Mereni, Terry G. McRae, S. Mastrogiovanni, Richard J. Abbott, L. G. Prokhorov, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, S. Banagiri, A. Grant, D. Chatterjee, T. L. Lam, A. Pele, A. Chiummo, Nergis Mavalvala, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, M. Davier, Jerome Degallaix, François Bondu, F. Badaracco, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, Hartmut Grote, R. J. E. Smith, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Christophe Collette, Ho-Gyu Lee, G. Losurdo, Luca Gammaitoni, R. Metzdorff, C. J. Perez, B. D. O'Brien, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, Devon S. Johnson, C. Bradaschia, P. Oppermann, Neil J. Cornish, S. Frasca, M. Di Giovanni, Ik Siong Heng, Kai Staats, F-L. Lin, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, S. Márka, Stephen Fairhurst, Carl Blair, Peter Aufmuth, T. Di Girolamo, V. Mangano, A. L. Miller, S. Ghosh, László Á. Gergely, A. Macquet, P. Astone, B. Lantz, Daichi Tsuna, K. Mogushi, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, S. G. Crowder, J. Feicht, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, António Alves da Silva, Q. Chu, S. V. Angelova, L. Magaña Zertuche, Lili Yang, Laura Cadonati, D. A. Steer, M. Branchesi, Zefeng Zhou, D. Y. T. Pong, L. Kleybolte, E. Massera, F. Wellmann, Edward Seidel, O. E. S. Sauter, J. Woehler, S. Chung, K. S. Phukon, A. Avila-Alvarez, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, C. Kimball, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, K. Gill, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, J. Bidler, M. Cho, G. Gaur, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, F. Nocera, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, S. Di Pace, K. Haris, T. Zhang, N. Demos, Thibaut Jacqmin, T. Regimbau, I. Maksimovic, G. Hemming, S. M. Koehlenbeck, M. Saleem, M. Oliver, Douglas Davis, Geraint Pratten, E. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, Andrea Taracchini, D. Bersanetti, G. Ashton, S. Penn, J. V. van Heijningen, Yu Wang, F. Thies, G. L. Mansell, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Eric Thrane, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, A. Brillet, C. Michel, M. Vardaro, Sarah Caudill, T. D. Knowles, F. Robinet, V. B. Adya, J. K. Wofford, F. Cleva, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, M. Pichot, Maximiliano Isi, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, D. Beniwal, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, M. Masso-Reid, S. Kwang, L. E. Sanchez, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, Zhihui Du, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Supernova, Fomalhaut, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Equation (5) of the published article?(Abbott et al. 2019) is in error; it should read (Formula Presented) The upper limits on ò presented in the published article are unaffected by this error.
Published: 2021

16. Goitered Gazelle

Author: Wenxuan, Xu, Muyang, Wang, David, Blank, António, Alves da Silva, Weikang, Yang, Kathreen E, Ruckstuhl, and Joana, Alves
Abstract: Nonlethal human disturbances have been confirmed to have a negative effect on wildlife in a variety of ways, including on behaviors. In many studies, the impact of human disturbances on gregarious species of wildlife is assessed through changes in their social organization and vigilance. In our study in the Kalamaili Nature Reserve, China, we wanted to estimate the impacts of differing levels of human disturbances on two different group types (mixed-sex and all-male) of goitered gazelle
Published: 2022

17. Annual patterns of litter decomposition in the channel and riparian areas of an intermittent stream

Author: Cristina Canhoto, José Paulo Sousa, António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Thomas Hefin Jones, Ana Lúcia Gonçalves, Aingeru Martínez, Sara Simões, and Nuno Capela
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, STREAMS, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Arid, Deciduous, Litter, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Water cycle, Surface water, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Riparian zone
Abstract: Intermittent streams, dominant in arid and semi-arid regions, are considered to be more representative of global river networks than perennial rivers. The impacts of constant changes in hydrological regime on the functioning of these streams and associated riparian areas does, however, remain to be elucidated. In this study, litter derived from two deciduous tree species (chestnut and oak) was used to compare microbial–decomposition patterns between an intermittent stream channel and its riparian area over a 1-year period. The stream channel exhibited higher decomposition rates than the riparian area for litter from both species, and higher fungal biomass only for chestnut. Despite a prolonged absence of streambed surface water (254 days), differences in hydrological conditions in the wetter seasons (autumn and winter) shape the decomposition dynamics in both zones throughout the whole hydrological cycle. The results point out the importance of the “hydrological imprint” for the leaves’ degradation; long-term studies are advisable over short-term ones to better understand the functioning of intermittent streams.
Published: 2021

18. Landscape simplification increases Bactrocera oleae abundance in olive groves: adult population dynamics in different land uses

Author: Daniel Paredes, João Frederico Alves, Sara Mendes, José Miguel Costa, Joana Alves, António Alves da Silva, and José Paulo Sousa
Subjects: Ecology, Insect Science, Landscape diversifcation, Olive fy, Plant Science, Land uses, Agronomy and Crop Science, Pest management, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Bactrocera oleae is the main pest in olive groves, and its management requires a sustainable perspective to reduce the use of chemical products. Landscape context is being considered as an important driver of pest reduction, but results on B. oleae show inconsistency to date. Most of landscape-pest control studies focus on the dynamics of the pests within the focal crop, ignoring these dynamics in other land uses. Here we present a study in which we analyze the seasonal population dynamics of the olive pest B. oleae in the most important land uses of a typical olive landscape in Portugal. We found that B. oleae is present in all the land uses and the dynamics are very similar to those in the olive groves. However, the presence of these land uses in the landscape did not display any increase in B. oleae abundance within the olive groves. In contrast, a landscape mainly composed by olive groves increased the abundance of this pest. Importantly, more diverse landscapes surrounding olive groves reduce the abundance of the olive fly. Based on these findings, we can conclude that B. oleae is present in all the land uses of the studied landscape but that this presence does not imply an increase of B. oleae in olive groves. Indeed, other land uses can promote landscape diversification which is a driver of the reduction of B. oleae populations in olive groves. We thus encourage olive stakeholders to increase landscape diversification around their farms by promoting/restoring other crops/habitats.
Published: 2022

19. Landscape Simplification Increases Bactrocera Oleae Abundance In Olive Groves: Populations Dynamics In Different Land Uses

Author: Daniel Paredes, José M. Costa, Sara Mendes, José Paulo Sousa, João Frederico Alves, António Alves da Silva, and Joana S. Alves
Subjects: Land use, biology, Abundance (ecology), Ecology, Bactrocera, biology.organism_classification
Abstract: Bactrocera oleae is the main pest in olive groves and its management requires a sustainable perspective to reduce the use of chemical products. Landscape context is being considered as an important driver of pest reduction but results on B. oleae show inconsistency to date. Most of landscape-pest control studies focus on the dynamics of the pests within the focal crop, ignoring these dynamics in other land uses. Here we present a study in which we analyze the seasonal population dynamics of the olive pest B. oleae in the most important land uses of a typical olive landscape in Portugal. We found that B. oleae is present in all the land uses and the dynamics are very similar to those in the olive groves. However, the presence of these land uses in the landscape did not display any increase of B.oleae abundance within the olives groves. In contrast, a landscape mainly composed by olive groves increased the abundance of this pest. Importantly, more diverse landscapes surrounding olive groves reduce the abundance of the olive fly. Based on these findings, we can conclude that B. oleae is present in all the land uses of the studied landscape but that this presence does not imply an increase of B. oleae in olive groves. Indeed, other land uses can promote landscape diversification which is a driver of the reduction of B. oleae populations in olive groves. We thus encourage olive stakeholders to increase landscape diversification around their farms by promoting/restoring other crops/habitats.
Published: 2021

20. As variações recentes do nível do mar e o risco no litoral

Author: António Alves-da-Silva and Pamela Matlack-Klein
Abstract: No presente, a preocupação com o nível médio do mar e sua anunciada subida é uma realidade em todo o globo. Mas será esse realmente um factor de risco? Será um fenómeno perigoso? Para investigar a questão, elaborou-se um estudo focado em registos da maré recolhidos criteriosamente ao longo do globo (até ao ano de 2015), para avaliar tendências e oscilações do nível médio anual do mar, extraídos a partir de análise estatística, com foco particular no século XXI. Como resultado principal, é apresentado um mapa de perigo relativo de subida nível do mar, à escala global, são apresentadas conclusões e dados exemplos práticos no sentido de determinar se as variações do nível do mar devem ou não constituir motivo de preocupação iminente.
Published: 2021

21. The effect of mining and road development on habitat fragmentation and connectivity of khulan (Equus hemionus) in Northwestern China

Author: Yingying Zhuo, Wenxuan Xu, Muyang Wang, Chen Chen, António Alves da Silva, Weikang Yang, Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Published: 2022

22. Monitoring the effects of field exposure of acetamiprid to honey bee colonies in Eucalyptus monoculture plantations

Author: Caio Eduardo da Costa Domingues, Artur Miguel Paiva Sarmento, Nuno Xavier Jesus Capela, José Miguel Costa, Rúben Miguel Rodrigues Mina, António Alves da Silva, Ana Raquel Reis, Carlos Valente, Osmar Malaspina, Henrique M.V.S. Azevedo-Pereira, and José Paulo Sousa
Subjects: Eucalyptus, Insecticides, Neonicotinoids, Environmental Engineering, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Bees, Pesticides, Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal
Abstract: Eucalyptus plantations occupy 26 % of Portuguese forested areas. Its flowers constitute important sources for bees and beekeepers take advantage of this and keep their honey bee colonies within or near the plantations for honey production. Nonetheless, these plantations are susceptible to pests, such as the eucalyptus weevil Gonipterus platensis. To control this weevil, some plantations must be treated with pesticides, which might harm non-target organisms. This study aimed to perform a multifactorial assessment of the health status and development of Apis mellifera iberiensis colonies in two similar landscape windows dominated by Eucalyptus globulus plantations - one used as control and the other with insecticide treatment. In each of the two selected areas, an apiary with five hives was installed and monitored before and after a single application of the insecticide acetamiprid (40 g a.i./ha). Colony health and development, resources use, and pesticide residues accumulation were measured. The results showed that the application of acetamiprid in this area did not alter the health status and development of the colonies. This can be explained by the low levels of residues of acetamiprid detected only in pollen and bee bread samples, ~52 fold lower than the sublethal effect threshold. This could be attributed to the low offer of resources during and after the application event and within the application area, with the consequent foraging outside the sprayed area during that period. Since exposure to pesticides in such complex landscapes seems to be dependent on the spatial and temporal distribution of resources, we highlight some key monitoring parameters and tools that are able to provide reliable information on colony development and use of resources. These tools can be easily applied and can provide a better decision-taking of pesticide application in intensive production systems to decrease the risk of exposure for honey bees.
Published: 2022

23. Natural woodlands hold more diverse, abundant, and unique biota than novel anthropogenic forests: a multi-group assessment

Author: Susana C. Gonçalves, Rubén H. Heleno, José M. Costa, Joana Alves, Jaime A. Ramos, Vanessa A. Mata, Mariana Valente, Luís P. da Silva, and António Alves da Silva
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Acacia dealbata, biology, Ecology, Biodiversity, Forestry, Introduced species, Plant Science, Woodland, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Biodiversity hotspot, Plant ecology, Geography, Species richness, Quercus faginea, 010606 plant biology & botany, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Biodiversity sustained by natural ecosystems, particularly forests, provides ecosystem services essential to human well-being. However, many forests have been severely transformed, notably via monospecific plantations and the spread of invasive species. Given the extension of these novel anthropogenic forests (plantations and invasive copses), it is critical to know how they can support forest biodiversity, particularly in highly humanized biodiversity hotspots as the southwest Mediterranean Europe. Because the effects likely vary across taxonomic groups, such assessments require an integrative multi-group approach. Here, we evaluated the abundance, richness, and composition of shrubs, herbs, macrofungi, ground and flying arthropods, birds, small mammals, carnivores, and bats across the four most common forest types in Central Portugal, namely: natural oak woodlands (dominated by Quercus faginea Lam.) and anthropogenic forests, invasive Acacia dealbata Link copses, Pinus pinaster Aiton plantations (native), and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantations (exotic). Oak woodlands sustained higher abundance, diversity, and a unique species composition compared to the other forests, especially those dominated by exotic species. The greatest changes in biodiversity occurred in herbs and birds. Contrary to our expectations, species richness and composition of macrofungi and carnivores in acacia copses were similar to those of oak woodlands, revealing that groups respond differently to forest changes. The large-scale replacement of natural forests by novel anthropogenic forests has significant negative impacts in most, but not all groups, which should be actively considered for integrative conservation strategies.
Published: 2019

24. Mesenchymal stromal cells to fight SARS-CoV-2: Taking advantage of a pleiotropic therapy

Author: Inês Barros, Luís Pereira de Almeida, Catarina Oliveira Miranda, and António Alves da Silva
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, ARDS, ALI, acute lung injury, IDO, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase, IFN-y, interferon y, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy, Disease, BM-MSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction, medicine.disease_cause, Bioinformatics, Cytokine storm, Cell therapy, 0302 clinical medicine, Pleiotropic therapy, Immunology and Allergy, TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease serine 2, Coronavirus, education.field_of_study, ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme 2, IBD, inflammatory bowel disease, GMCSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, FGF7, fibroblast growth factor 7, GI, gastrointestinal, FDA, US food and drug administration, Treg, T regulatory, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MSC, mesenchymal stromal cells, LPS, lipopolysaccharide, DCs, dendritic cells, NK, natural killer, IV, intravenous, TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor alpha, Multiple Organ Failure, Population, Immunology, JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus, CNS, central nervous system, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Article, CM, conditioned-medium, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, MERS, middle east respiratory syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, MCP-1, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1, EVs, extracelular vesicules, medicine, CD, Crohn’s disease, Cytokines/chemokines, Humans, SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome, education, Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, Th, T helper, BBB, blood-brain-barrier, ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome, COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease of 2019, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Mesenchymal stem cell, COVID-19, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, medicine.disease, MB-MSC, menstrual blood mesenchymal stromal cells, IL, interleukin, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, VEGF, vascular endotelhial growth factor, business
Abstract: Highlights • SARS-CoV-2 can infect multiple organs leading to their dysfunction, so a pleiotropic therapy would be advantageous. • MSC: MSC can simultaneously address injuries in multiple organs and promote their repair. • MSC, immunomodulators by excellence, may counteract infection and cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. • MSC therapy is being tested in clinical trials for COVID-19 patients and proved to be safe and effective so far. • More clinical studies, addressing MSC use for COVID-19, with bigger cohorts and suitable controls are welcome., The devastating global impact of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has prompted scientists to develop novel strategies to fight Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19), including the examination of pre-existing treatments for other viral infections in COVID-19 patients. This review provides a reasoned discussion of the possible use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) or their products as a treatment in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. The main benefits and concerns of using this cellular therapy, guided by preclinical and clinical data obtained from similar pathologies will be reviewed. MSC represent a highly immunomodulatory cell population and their use may be safe according to clinical studies developed in other pathologies. Notably, four clinical trials and four case reports that have already been performed in COVID-19 patients obtained promising results. The clinical application of MSC in COVID-19 is very preliminary and further investigational studies are required to determine the efficacy of the MSC therapy. Nevertheless, these preliminary studies were important to understand the therapeutic potential of MSC in COVID-19. Based on these encouraging results, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized the compassionate use of MSC, but only in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and a poor prognosis. In fact, patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 can present infection and tissue damage in different organs, such as lung, heart, liver, kidney, gut and brain, affecting their function. MSC may have pleiotropic activities in COVID-19, with the capacity to fight inflammation and repair lesions in several organs.
Published: 2021
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25. Land-Use Effect on Olive Groves Pest Prays oleae and on Its Potential Biocontrol Agent Chrysoperla carnea

Author: António Alves da Silva, João Frederico Alves, Sara Mendes, Daniel Paredes, and José Paulo Sousa
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, conservation biological control, Biodiversity, Biological pest control, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Infestation, medicine, lcsh:Science, Predator, Chrysoperla carnea, biodiversity, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Agroforestry, 15. Life on land, landscape, Prays oleae, biology.organism_classification, Attraction, geospatial analysis, 010602 entomology, Insect Science, lcsh:Q, PEST analysis
Abstract: Simple Summary To rethink the counterproductive effects of the recurrent use of pesticides to control pests, we examine how a conservation biological control approach can promote the necessary conditions for the development of a natural enemy (Chrysoperla carnea) that controls olive moth pest (Prays oleae) in 25 olive groves of the Portuguese Beira Interior region. Our study has the distinctive peculiarity of joining varied technical approaches, since the databases contained information related to the abundance records of both insect populations, the record of olive fruits infestation by the pest, and the information obtained after a geospatial analysis that resulted in landscape metrics. Overall, we corroborated the attraction of C. carnea to the olive moth, highlighted the possible biocontrol potential of C. carnea on this pest, asserted that the promotion of the diversity of land-uses has a significant effect in reducing the abundance of pest, and confirmed that landscapes dominated by olive groves promote the development of P. oleae. The implication of these results is of extreme importance for olive growers since promoting land-uses complexity and heterogeneity surrounding olive groves can reduce the likelihood of suffering pest outbreaks and help to avoid associated economic and environmental problems. Abstract Olive growing has been intensified through the simplification of agricultural landscapes. In order to rethink the environmental drawbacks of these practices, conservation biological control techniques have been examined. In this work, Prays oleae and its natural enemy Chrysoperla carnea were monitored to account for the effects of the amount and diversity of different land-uses. We found that C. carnea showed an attraction to areas with high abundances of P. oleae but this predator did not display any affection by the different land-uses. Inversely, P. oleae abundance was lower in diverse landscapes and higher in simplified ones. Importantly, higher abundances of C. carnea were related to lower infestation levels of P. oleae in the late part of the season. These results corroborate the attraction of C. carnea to the olive moth, highlighting the potential of C. carnea as a biological control agent of this pest, assert that the promotion of land-use diversity can reduce P. oleae and confirm that landscapes dominated by olive groves can promote this pest. The present study aims at contributing to the discussion about the management of agricultural ecosystems by providing farmers with sustainable alternatives that do not have harmful effects on the environment and public health.
Published: 2021
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26. Erratum: Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 in the second Advanced LIGO observing run with an improved hidden Markov model [Phys. Rev. D 100, 122002 (2019)]

Author: S. J. Jadhav, Samuele Cortese, Charlie Hoy, V. Srivastava, M. Fays, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, Chris A. Collins, T. Hinderer, A. Di Lieto, Rana X. Adhikari, Al Imran Malik, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Vasúth, Nikhil Sarin, Jonathan Cripe, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, K. R. Corley, F. Donovan, C. F. Da Silva Costa, V. Bossilkov, D. Lumaca, M. A. Okada, K. Mason, S. A. Bilgili, J. D. E. Creighton, Soichiro Morisaki, Jun Liu, E. C. Ferreira, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, D. B. Tanner, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, O. Halim, K. W. Tsang, W. Katzman, M. Yvert, R. M. S. Schofield, M. Nery, L. Naticchioni, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, M. Korobko, P. J. Veitch, W. A. Campbell, Ettore Majorana, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, J. Junker, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, S. Hochheim, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, H. Khan, T. Prestegard, G. Cho, H. Fong, G. Greco, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, P. A. Altin, Antonios Kontos, S. Walsh, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, P.H. Nguyen, Junwei Cao, Y. Boetzel, A. Samajdar, K. Wette, F. Thies, John J. Oh, E. A. M. Muniz, Riccardo Ciolfi, Peter T. H. Pang, B. W. Schulte, L. Xiao, F. Ricci, C. Affeldt, R. Goetz, D. C. Vander-Hyde, C. Adams, A. A. Ciobanu, B. Mours, Mandar Patil, Abhirup Ghosh, Liam Cunningham, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, Z. B. Etienne, Tristan Briant, P. Ruggi, P. Fulda, S. H. Huttner, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Peter Aufmuth, Gregorio Carullo, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, T. Di Girolamo, S. W. Ballmer, D. M. Shoemaker, Hua Wang, L. Sun, S. R. P. Mohapatra, J. D. Lough, G. Giordano, K. Toland, D. J. Hofman, M. Punturo, Slawomir Gras, S. W. S. Ng, G. Moreno, S. Kumar, C. Buy, Callum Dale Booth, A. M. Sintes, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, S. E. Barclay, J. L. Willis, J. McIver, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, Ofek Birnholtz, S. Ghosh, László Á. Gergely, D. M. Wysocki, A. Macquet, B. Lantz, Daichi Tsuna, R. D. Kennedy, José A. Font, N. Singh, Eric Howell, S. Leavey, Chandra Kant Mishra, R. Bhandare, Piotr Jaranowski, K. Mogushi, N. Bode, D. George, Dániel Barta, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, B. Gateley, Aaron Buikema, R. W. L. Jones, C. C. Wipf, E. J. King, A. Strunk, N. Kijbunchoo, Sheelu Abraham, M. J. Cowart, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, L. K. Nuttall, S. T. Countryman, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, S. Biscoveanu, Antoni Ramos-Buades, V. V. Frolov, S. Mitra, Xiaohui Fan, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, D. Tuyenbayev, Kevin Barkett, I. Dorrington, I. Di Palma, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, H. Y. Chia, F. Magaña-Sandoval, A. Allocca, M. F. Carney, Ajay Kumar, Jörg Hennig, Charalampos Markakis, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, A. Grado, T. Sadecki, W. Ren, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, R. L. Ward, P. J. Sutton, Alyssa Garcia, J. H. Romie, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, K. H. Lai, S. G. Crowder, J. Feicht, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, M. Bawaj, M. M. Hanke, S. B. Anderson, M. R. Ganija, S. Ponrathnam, S. Karki, D. Verkindt, O. Puncken, M. B. Shaner, S. B. Coughlin, A. Neunzert, P.-F. Cohadon, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, F. Frasconi, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, M. Standke, M. Croquette, A. Effler, J. Jiang, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Zhihui Du, A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, K. E. Ramirez, S. Barnum, Ryan Lynch, D. C. Williams, Sung-Po Chao, R. De Rosa, Kwan-Lok Li, D. Passuello, I. Nardecchia, A. Cirone, Hiroyuki Ohta, Robert J. McCarthy, Tim Dietrich, Jennifer Watchi, Sergio Gaudio, C. J. Richardson, J. Healy, V. Kringel, A. M. Holgado, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, N. Mukund, L. R. Cominsky, R. Gustafson, Linqing Wen, R. Flaminio, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, B. Pang, Z. Tornasi, P. Kumar, S. Kandhasamy, M. Fishbach, B. Sorazu, A. Kutynia, Paul T. Baker, A. K. Lenon, S. Mastrogiovanni, M. Pedraza, F. Cavalier, M. Fitz-Axen, Marcus E. Lower, J. S. Kissel, Hartmut Grote, S. Doravari, A. Singhal, Alena Ananyeva, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, Andrea Chincarini, A. K. Zadrożny, T. Z. Summerscales, Leo Tsukada, E. Z. Hamilton, S. A. Usman, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, V. Boschi, M. van Beuzekom, R. Tso, Jonathan Richardson, L. Mereni, G. Losurdo, R. Metzdorff, M. C. Milovich-Goff, J. L. Wright, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, S. Banagiri, Alessandra Corsi, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, H. S. Chen, S. Husa, S. Bose, J. Zweizig, V. Germain, J. Steinlechner, C. Cahillane, V. Gayathri, H. Fair, D. H. Shoemaker, P. Brockill, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, Hyun Lee, J. Calderón Bustillo, Edward K. Porter, C. Messenger, M. J. Yap, C. Palomba, S. Ascenzi, S. Privitera, M. S. Shahriar, Lee McCuller, T. Bulik, T. D. Abbott, G. Cagnoli, Devon S. Johnson, C. Horst, Alberto Vecchio, Geoffrey Mo, J. M. Fishner, M. Montani, H. J. Bulten, Geoffrey Lovelace, T. Mistry, G. Rutins, Graham Woan, M. H. Wimmer, M. Constancio, D. Rosińska, A. A. van Veggel, Richard Gray, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, Kiran Prasai, Alessandra Buonanno, C.-J. Haster, Gabrielle Allen, J.-M. Isac, F. Marion, N. Leroy, Nancy Aggarwal, Zahoor Ali Khan, M. Phelps, S. Babak, Alexander C. Jenkins, Xie Chen, A. Markowitz, S. Vitale, G. Dálya, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, F. Y. Khalili, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, Jacob Scheuer, B. Bécsy, M. Kasprzack, Bala R. Iyer, S. S. Y. Chua, S. McCormick, C. Casentini, G. Wang, L. Matone, Vuk Mandic, Neil J. Cornish, M. J. Szczepańczyk, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, F-L. Lin, D. J. McManus, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, B. R. Hall, Héctor Estellés, N. Letendre, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, I. Dave, C. Talbot, E. J. Daw, Maurizio Canepa, Antonio Marquina, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, A. K. Mehta, E. K. Wessel, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, T. L. Lam, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, François Bondu, F. Badaracco, Daniel E. Holz, B. J. J. Slagmolen, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, N. Sennett, Patrick Godwin, K. L. Dooley, Marta Colleoni, J. A. Giaime, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, Joseph Smith, S. Brunett, D. Barker, A. Bisht, Maher Yazback, Y. K. Lecoeuche, G. M. Harry, K. Venkateswara, R. Cotesta, T. Etzel, J. B. Kanner, Robert Stone, Alessandro Nagar, J. C. Barayoga, A. Dmitriev, A. R. Williamson, Albrecht Rüdiger, Xing-Jiang Zhu, R. A. Eisenstein, Jishnu Suresh, Federico Ferrini, E. L. Merilh, N. Koper, Sebastian Steinlechner, A. Pasqualetti, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, L. Glover, Vivishek Sudhir, V. Tiwari, Yann Bouffanais, Lijing Shao, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, E. Schreiber, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, M. Rakhmanov, G. Pagano, G. D. Meadors, J. Eichholz, Li Ju, J.-P. Coulon, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, Sofia Suvorova, T. Zelenova, D. H. Reitze, S. Caride, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, J.-D. Fournier, Riccardo Bassiri, Magnus Manske, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Philip F. Hopkins, Leo Singer, Patricia Schmidt, V. Brisson, M. Obergaulinger, E. Maros, L. Trozzo, S. Katsanevas, I. Fiori, T. A. Ferreira, K. D. Giardina, J. K. Wofford, P. Leaci, P. Booker, K. W. Chung, S. Kaufer, Shawn Rosofsky, Haocun Yu, Archisman Ghosh, A. P. Lundgren, M. A. Page, Hongyu Shen, D. C. Coyne, K. Izumi, E. Cesarini, S. D. Linker, R. Robie, Mark A. Scheel, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, Albert Lazzarini, S. G. Gaonkar, Jimin George, M. Sieniawska, K. Chakravarti, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Haixing Miao, Y. R. Chen, Samaya Nissanke, M. A. Bizouard, B. K. Berger, Ken K. Y. Ng, A. Hreibi, F. Clara, Alessandro Bertolini, Achamveedu Gopakumar, S. L. Danilishin, G. Bogaert, J. J. Bero, Manuela Rizzo, R. Taylor, Daniel A. Shaddock, Brittany Kamai, Rainer Weiss, G. Venugopalan, J. C. Driggers, D.B. DeBra, C. V. Kalaghatgi, J. Hanson, C. Whittle, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, P. Gruning, K. Siellez, B. F. Schutz, N. V. Krishnendu, J. Derby, K. A. Thorne, M. Was, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, J. S. Lange, B. Irwin, M. C. Tringali, A. C. Green, Andrew Matas, J. Hanks, Fausto Acernese, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, A. Ain, C. Fee, R. J. Trudeau, J. Birch, S. Bae, E. Coccia, C. S. Unnikrishnan, B. U. Gadre, W. M. Farr, B. C. Pant, J.-G. Ducoin, M. Eisenmann, R. C. Walet, Fangchen Feng, S. E. Gossan, M. Boer, Shubhanshu Tiwari, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, Lindsay DeMarchi, L.-W. Wei, V. P. Mitrofanov, Lisa Barsotti, Anirban Dasgupta, L. Milano, W. Del Pozzo, Hang Yu, R. J. G. Jonker, H. Heitmann, M. A. Aloy, J. S. Areeda, K. A. Santiago, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, I. Belahcene, John Worden, A. S. Sengupta, H. W. Lee, P. Couvares, H. Vocca, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, G. Vedovato, L. E. H. Datrier, D. B. Kozak, C. Messick, Imre Bartos, D. Stocks, M. Mantovani, Francesco Pannarale, C. Vorvick, L. Sammut, David Blair, S. Koley, Jan Harms, David E. McClelland, Lionel London, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, G. Kang, A. Pal-Singh, A. Rocchi, B. B. Lane, C. Cocchieri, M. Khursheed, N. V. Keerthana, M.L. Walker, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, M. Kinley-Hanlon, G. Koekoek, F. Brighenti, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Lormand, V. Quetschke, Martin M. Fejer, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, K. AultONeal, M. Hulko, G. D. O'Dea, E. Cuoco, Bruno Giacomazzo, V. Avendano, P. G. Murray, D. J. Stops, Fabien Kéfélian, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, Felix Wellmann, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, X. Liu, R. Mittleman, S. D'Antonio, Binlei Ding, D. Pascucci, C. C. Yancey, Nelson Christensen, K. Bossie, C. Rajan, M. Agathos, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, A. Cumming, G. A. Prodi, S. M. Scott, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, E. Genin, J. Zhang, Jay D. Tasson, M. Landry, R. DeSalvo, L. Di Fiore, F. Baldaccini, L. F. Ortega, Felice Sorrentino, A. Chiummo, W. G. Anderson, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. R. Thondapu, J. R. Palamos, D. Moraru, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, F. Piergiovanni, G. Cella, F.L. Linde, N. Sanchis-Gual, N. Radulescu, N. A. Robertson, Giuseppe Intini, D. Moffa, Giacomo Ciani, K. Rao, J. J. McCann, B. P. Abbott, Michele Zanolin, D. W. Yeeles, D. Chatterjee, T. J. Slaven-Blair, S. ShyamSundar, C. Stachie, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, E. K. Gustafson, V. Kalogera, C. De Rossi, C. Austin, J. Bosveld, M. Barsuglia, Y. Levin, R. J. E. Smith, Luca Gammaitoni, Sebastien Biscans, A. Trovato, M. Davier, Jordan Camp, F. Vetrano, S. Vass, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sylvain Marsat, Sheila Rowan, R. Coyne, Fabrice Matichard, G. D. Hammond, Javed Rana, S. E. Dwyer, R. M. Magee, David Keitel, L. Zhang, J. H. Klika, L. Rolland, Christopher P. L. Berry, K. S. Phukon, S. J. Cooper, A. Lartaux-Vollard, N. Man, Z. Márka, K. A. Strain, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, P. Thomas, M. Arène, M. Pürrer, M. Merzougui, Matthew Evans, T. D. Creighton, R. Inta, K. Haughian, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, E. Capocasa, M. Chan, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, S. Fairhurst, J. Prasad, S. Frasca, S. Klimenko, Kai Staats, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, Carl Blair, M. Thomas, H. Vahlbruch, J. C. Mills, K. Riles, J. Y. Vinet, H. Middleton, D. Talukder, Rob Evans, I. W. Harry, Z. A. Warden, R. Gouaty, V. Raymond, M. Weinert, H. A. G. Gabbard, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, Steven Bloemen, N. A. Lockerbie, Michael Steinke, Arnold Miller, H. N. Isa, Carlos O. Lousto, S. Sitmukhambetov, C. North, Thomas Dent, P. Corban, P. Ajith, A. J.R. Weinstein, M. Muratore, M. C. Heintze, F. Carbognani, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, H. Radkins, A. Bozzi, M. Brinkmann, M. C. Díaz, D. Huet, David Coward, Mikhail L. Gorodetsky, R. Bonnand, Mariana Fazio, Olivier Minazzoli, M. Razzano, R. Colgan, F. Martelli, Karan Jani, R. Shink, Pradeep Kumar Sharma, L. Rei, Huang-Wei Pan, Gijs Nelemans, E. D. Hall, Turlough P. Downes, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, V. Sandberg, Karsten Danzmann, Koh Ueno, A. W. Jones, R. De Pietri, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, R. A. Mercer, S. Ossokine, Jinsook Kim, C. K. Cheong, S. Stevenson, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, Jesper Munch, D. Buskulic, M. De Laurentis, C-H. Lee, Andreas Freise, Paul D. Lasky, J. W. Westhouse, Matthew Pitkin, D. Cohen, M. Wade, M. Granata, Minchuan Zhou, K. S. Karvinen, S. Mukherjee, T. M. Evans, P. B. Covas, V. Kondrashov, Arunava Mukherjee, M. C. Edwards, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, Alexander Urban, B. D. Cheeseboro, G. Cerretani, P. J. Easter, Christian Pedersen, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, A. Viceré, T. Huynh-Dinh, M. Cabero, H. Cao, D. J. Vine, W. Z. Korth, J. C. Bayley, Marc Favata, L. E. Wade, V. J. Roma, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, A. P. Spencer, D. D. Brown, F. Di Renzo, Torrey Cullen, Anthony A. Amato, N. van Bakel, G. Valdes, David Jones, Marco Cavaglia, K. Kawabe, S. G. Schwalbe, J. Z. Wang, R. G. Ormiston, S. M. Aston, Michael W. Coughlin, A. W. Heptonstall, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Peter R. Saulson, V. Sequino, I. Khan, R. Abbott, Terry G. McRae, L. G. Prokhorov, J. R. Gair, Samuel Deléglise, A. Fernandez-Galiana, A. L. Stuver, J. P. Zendri, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, F. Cipriano, Paul J. Groot, M. Zevin, S. Appert, Y. Setyawati, A. Giazotto, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, F. J. Raab, Rico K. L. Lo, P. Charlton, Kejia Lee, S. C. Tait, Yongjung Kim, Peter Weßels, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, N. Arnaud, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, S. Caudill, Marco Romanelli, P. Rapagnani, David J. Ottaway, A. Paoli, W. Parker, P. Popolizio, E. J. Sanchez, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, W. S. Kim, Christophe Collette, Ho-Gyu Lee, C. J. Perez, B. D. O'Brien, C. Bradaschia, P. Oppermann, M. Di Giovanni, Ik Siong Heng, S. Márka, V. Mangano, A. L. Miller, P. Astone, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, O. de Varona, Keith Rose, Tenglin Li, D. Estevez, V. Fafone, D. Mukherjee, A. Grant, A. Pele, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, O. J. Piccinni, E. Bonilla, Irina Kowalska, M. Tonelli, Koya Arai, R. Quitzow-James, N. N. Janthalur, B. Sassolas, Fabrizio Barone, J. Betzwieser, E. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, S. Penn, V. B. Adya, G. L. Mansell, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, A. Brillet, M. Vardaro, F. Robinet, Antoine Heidmann, António Alves da Silva, Q. Chu, D. Töyrä, H. Overmier, H. Qi, S. V. Angelova, L. Magaña Zertuche, Lili Yang, M. Branchesi, Zefeng Zhou, D. Y. T. Pong, E. Massera, Edward Seidel, O. E. S. Sauter, J. Woehler, S. Chung, N. Mazumder, A. Avila-Alvarez, K. Gill, Liam Dunn, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, M. Cho, N. A. Holland, G. Gaur, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, S. Di Pace, K. Haris, D. Sellers, N. Demos, I. Maksimovic, G. Hemming, J. Meidam, Jeff R. Powell, S. M. Koehlenbeck, Riccardo Sturani, D. Hoak, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, M. Haney, T. A. Callister, H. S. Cho, William Moran, H. K. Gulati, Rahul Kashyap, Alejandro Torres-Forné, J. Neilson, B. D. Lackey, P. Grassia, Z. Doctor, D. M. Wilken, O. A. Hannuksela, Andrea Taracchini, P. Puppo, S. J. Kapadia, E. A. Huerta, C. L. Romel, F. Garufi, Surendra Nadh Somala, Tyson Littenberg, D. Fiorucci, A. K. Prajapati, A. R. Wade, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, L. Aiello, M. Gosselin, R. Green, E. E. Cowan, B. F. Whiting, J. Casanueva Diaz, P. Schale, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Sowell, T. Zhang, Thibaut Jacqmin, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, M. Saleem, M. Oliver, Douglas Davis, Geraint Pratten, D. Bersanetti, G. Ashton, J. V. van Heijningen, Yu Wang, Francisco Hernandez Vivanco, Eric Thrane, C. Michel, T. D. Knowles, F. Ohme, F. Cleva, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, M. Pichot, Maximiliano Isi, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, D. Beniwal, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, M. Masso-Reid, K. C. Cannon, S. Kwang, L. E. Sanchez, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, Laura Cadonati, D. A. Steer, L. Kleybolte, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, C. Kimball, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, J. Bidler, F. Nocera, C. Zhao, Milan Gupta, G. Mendell, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M. A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Arnaud, N., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Becsy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. 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L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Calderon Bustillo, J., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campbell, W. A., Canepa, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Carullo, G., Casanueva Diaz, J., Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. -P., Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Cleva, F., Cocchieri, C., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D., Colgan, R., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, C., Cominsky, L. R., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrion, I., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Covas, P. B., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dal Canton, T., Dalya, G., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dasgupta, A., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Datrier, L. E. H., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davis, D., Daw, E. J., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deleglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., Demos, N., Dent, T., De Pietri, R., Derby, J., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Varona, O., Dhurandhar, S., Diaz, M. C., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Dwyer, S. E., Easter, P. J., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Essick, R. C., Estelles, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z. B., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Fee, C., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Feng, F., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferreira, T. A., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fishner, J. M., Fitz-Axen, M., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Flynn, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Forsyth, P. W. F., Fournier, J. -D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gaebel, S. M., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Ganija, M. R., Gaonkar, S. G., Garcia, A., Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gaur, G., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, D., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giacomazzo, B., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Giordano, G., Glover, L., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Goncharov, B., Gonzalez, G., Gonzalez Castro, J. M., Gopakumar, A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grado, A., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, E. M., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guidi, G. M., Gulati, H. K., Guo, Y., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gustafson, E. 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S., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Junker, J., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Karki, S., Karvinen, K. S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kawabe, K., Keerthana, N. V., Kefelian, F., Keitel, D., Kennedy, R., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, H., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, W., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klika, J. H., Klimenko, S., Knowles, T. D., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N., Krolak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwang, S., Lackey, B. D., Lai, K. H., Lam, T. L., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lanza, R. K., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lehmann, J., Lenon, A., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Li, J., Li, K. J. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, F., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lo, R. K. L., Lockerbie, N. A., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lower, M. E., Luck, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macas, R., Macfoy, S., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macquet, A., Magana-Sandoval, F., Magana Zertuche, L., Magee, R. M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcguire, S. C., Mciver, J., Mcmanus, D. J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meidam, J., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merilh, E. L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P. M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milovich-Goff, M. C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Mo, G., Moffa, D., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morisaki, S., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muniz, E. A., Muratore, M., Murray, P. G., Nagar, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., North, C., Nuttall, L. K., Obergaulinger, M., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., O'Dea, G. D., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, R. J., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ortega, L. F., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H. -W., Pang, B., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedersen, C., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perez, C. J., Perreca, A., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Poggiani, R., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Powell, J., Prajapati, A. K., Prasad, J., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Prestegard, T., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L. G., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Radkins, H., Radulescu, N., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K. E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rao, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ren, W., Ricci, F., Richardson, C. J., Richardson, J. W., Ricker, P. M., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romie, J. H., Rose, K., Rosinska, D., Rosofsky, S. G., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rudiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Santiago, K. A., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Saulson, P. R., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwalbe, S. G., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sennett, N., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaner, M. B., Shao, L., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shen, H., Shink, R., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Siellez, K., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Singer, L. P., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Sitmukhambetov, S., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Somala, S., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spencer, A. P., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D. A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S. P., Stocks, D., Stone, R., Stops, D. J., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S. E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tapai, M., Taracchini, A., Tasson, J. D., Taylor, R., Thies, F., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, C. I., Toyra, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tringali, M. C., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tuyenbayev, D., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., Van Heijningen, J. V., Van Der Schaaf, L., Van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Viets, A. D., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warden, Z. A., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessel, E. K., Wessels, P., Westhouse, J. W., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D. M., Williams, D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Worden, J., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, L., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yeeles, D. W., Yu, H., Yuen, S. H. R., Yvert, M., Zadrozny, A. K., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Dunn, L. M., Suvorova, S., Evans, R. J., and Moran, W.
Subjects: Physics, data analysis method, erratum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Scorpius X-1, LIGO, gravitational radiation, gravitational radiation: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, gravitational radiation detector, Theoretical physics, cosmic rays, binary: spin, gravitational radiation: emission, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Experiments in gravity, X-ray: binary, Hidden Markov model, numerical calculations, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmology
Abstract: International audience; We present results from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to track spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of LIGO data by using an improved frequency domain matched filter, the J-statistic, and by analyzing data from Advanced LIGO’s second observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 650 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. At 194.6 Hz, the most sensitive search frequency, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h095%=3.47×10-25 when marginalizing over source inclination angle. This is the most sensitive search for Scorpius X-1, to date, that is specifically designed to be robust in the presence of spin wandering.
Published: 2021

27. Developing an Agent-Based Model for Haplodrassus rufipes (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), a Generalist Predator Species of Olive Tree Pests: Conceptual Model Outline

Author: Raquel Barreira, Andrey Chuhutin, José Paulo Sousa, Sónia A.P. Santos, Maria Catarina Paz, António Alves da Silva, Jacinto Benhadi-Marín, Joana Alves, Luís Amaro, Christopher J. Topping, and Mykola Rasko
Subjects: Agent-based model, Agent-based simulation, business.industry, Agroforestry, media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, Complex agroecosystems, Resource depletion, Olive crops, Ecosystem services, Geography, Agriculture, Abundance (ecology), Sustainability, Conceptual model, Haplodrassus rufipes, business, media_common
Abstract: Olive growing has been facing major sustainability challenges due to intensification, resulting in an increased use of pesticides and fertilizers and, consequently, in the depletion of natural resources and loss of biodiversity and landscape values. This has created an urgent need to develop models for managing complex agroecosystems that integrate factors affecting food quality, sustainability and biodiversity, providing a supporting technique to understand the consequences of agricultural management for ecosystem services. We are developing an advanced agent-based simulation (ABS) applied to olive groves to model the effects of farming practices on the abundance of olive pest predators. ABS is a modeling technique where agents represent animals (predator arthropods, in our case) acting in their environment. Our model is based on an ABS system developed by Aarhus University, the ALMaSS, which comprises highly detailed farm management and spatial structures to construct dynamic landscapes where agents operate. In this work, we present the conceptual model for one of the selected species, Haplodrassus rufipes (Araneae: Gnaphosidae. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2020

28. Diet differences between males and females in sexually dimorphic ungulates: a case study on Siberian ibex

Author: Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, David Blank, Joana Alves, António Alves da Silva, Muyang Wang, Lei Han, and Weikang Yang
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biomass (ecology), biology, Zoology, 15. Life on land, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Siberian ibex, 010605 ornithology, Sexual dimorphism, Habitat, Plant species, Capra, Adaptation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Social behavior
Abstract: More in-depth knowledge is required regarding the diet composition and food preferences of ungulates to improve our understanding of their different feeding strategies and mechanisms for adaptation. In particular, differences in energetic demands and feeding behaviors between the sexes, in sexually dimorphic species, may lead to significant dietary differences, which may partly explain sexual segregation patterns. Diet differences between sexes in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) are still poorly understood. We investigated the diet of Siberian ibex in the Tianshan Mountains (China), using fecal micro-histological analyses, to understand to what extent sex and season can explain differences in diet composition. In our study area, males and females had different diet compositions during the warm season: males preferred the most abundant plant species, with the greatest biomass, while females selected plants with higher nutritional content. Considering these results, the differences in the feeding strategies of the two sexes may indeed play a crucial role in promoting sexual segregation and preference for different habitats. During the cold season, the diet overlap between males and females was higher, coinciding with a random association between the sexes, during which males and females seem to live in both mixed and unisex groups and share the same habitats. Therefore, we concluded that sexual segregation is a result not only of differences in diet composition but also of differences in the social behaviors and habitat preferences between the sexes, leading to deferential activity budgets and habitat selection that in association with feeding strategies may explain sexual segregation in Siberian ibex.
Published: 2020

29. Local and landscape effects on the occurrence and abundance of the Eucalyptus weevil Gonipterus platensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Author: António Alves da Silva, Carlos Valente, Ricardo S. Ceia, Nuno Faria, Sónia A.P. Santos, Vanessa A. Mata, Catarina I. Gonçalves, Henrique M. V. S. Azevedo-Pereira, José Paulo Sousa, Joana Alves, Pedro B. Lopes, and Luís P. da Silva
Subjects: Canopy, biology, ved/biology, Weevil, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Anaphes nitens, Forestry, Understory, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, Eucalyptus, Shrub, Coppicing, Agronomy, Abundance (ecology), Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: The weevil Gonipterus platensis is among the most important eucalypt (Eucalyptus spp.) pest species worldwide. In Portugal, weevil-induced damage has great economic significance and efforts are being taken to find adequate alternatives to the biological control of this defoliator by its parasitoid Anaphes nitens, which is ineffective at altitudes above 400 m. With the aim of improving current knowledge on the ecology of G. platensis, we evaluated its interactions with local and landscape factors through the application of generalized linear mixed models for (1) the probability of weevil occurrence in sampling points, and (2) the relative abundance of each of its two annual generations on eucalypt trees. Our models confirmed the significant positive effect of elevation, here found to come off just above 360 m a.s.l., on both the occurrence and the abundance of G. platensis. Moreover, our results denoted that stand-level variables can likewise affect this pest. Points located more than 400 m inside the stands and, to a lesser extent, those comprising smaller (yet mature) eucalypt trees and where trees of other species were absent, showed an increased probability of G. platensis occurrence. Concordantly, significantly higher abundances of both weevil generations were observed on 3–8 years-old eucalypt trees. In addition, there was a negative effect of coppiced stands on G. platensis abundance which was only significant for the first annual generation and probably was related with weevil’s recent colonization of stands ravaged by wildfires two years before our field surveys. Weevil populations were not influenced by the density of stand canopy, neither by understory structure and composition, nor by bare soil cover, hence it is not expected that thinning, shrub removal and soil scarification practices can affect G. platensis attacks in eucalypt stands. Overall, our study provides key knowledge on the ecology of G. platensis and its response to local and landscape features, paving the way for enhanced management of eucalypt plantations.
Published: 2021

30. Radiotherapy as Prophylactic or Sole Treatment of Heterotopic Ossifications - About Two Case Reports

Author: A Ponte, Margarida Borrego, António Alves da Silva, Tânia Teixeira, and Luísa Rolim
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Lamellar bone, Soft tissue, General Medicine, Osteoarthritis, medicine.disease, Surgery, Radiation therapy, Hip arthroplasty, medicine, Heterotopic ossification, Mesothelioma, business, Process (anatomy)
Abstract: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is an abnormal process that leads to the formation of lamellar bone in soft tissue, such as muscle, nerves or connective tissues [1-4].
Published: 2019

31. Everolimus in combination with Imatinib overcomes resistance in Chronic myeloid leukaemia

Author: Ana Cristina Gonçalves, Raquel Alves, António Alves da Silva, Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro, Joana Jorge, Antonio Almeida, José Manuel Nascimento Costa, Paulo Freitas-Tavares, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Cancer Research, Cell Survival, Resistance, Apoptosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Line, Tumor, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Humans, MTOR inhibitor, Everolimus, Viability assay, neoplasms, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, business.industry, Imatinib, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Hematology, General Medicine, Cell cycle, Haematopoiesis, Oncology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Imatinib Mesylate, Cancer research, Stem cell, business, Tyrosine kinase, medicine.drug
Abstract: Although Imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have excellent results, the appearance of resistance is a problem in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is activated by BCR-ABL playing a crucial rule in CML. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Everolimus, in CML models sensitive and resistant to Imatinib. We used one CML cell line sensitive to Imatinib (K562) and two resistant (K562-RC and K56-RD). Cell lines were treated with Everolimus alone and in combination with Imatinib. Cell viability was analysed by resazurin assay. Cell death and cell cycle were analysed by flow cytometry. Additionally, we also studied peripheral blood samples obtained from 52 patients under TKI treatment. Everolimus reduced cell line viability in sensitive (IC 50 = 20 µM) and resistant models (K562-RC, IC 50 = 25 µM; K562-RD, IC 50 = 30 µM). This drug induced cell death by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G 0 /G 1 phase. Everolimus also reduced cell viability by increasing apoptosis of haematopoietic stem cells (CD34 + cells) with low cytotoxicity to lymphocytes. Everolimus at 25 µM increased apoptotic cells 18.7% in CD34 + cells and only 8% in lymphocytes. The response to Everolimus was influenced by TKI treatment, with a better response in samples from patients under 2nd and 3rd generation TKI and with less toxicity to lymphocytes. Our results reveal that Everolimus induce cell death in CML cells sensitive and resistant to Imatinib, with low cytotoxicity to normal cells, suggesting that Everolimus could be an alternative targeted therapeutic approach in CML patients, even in cases of Imatinib resistance.
Published: 2019

32. Wing membrane and fur samples as reliable biological matrices to measure bioaccumulation of metals and metalloids in bats

Author: Christopher J. Topping, António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Paulo Barros, Tiago Natal-da-Luz, José Paulo Sousa, João Alexandre Cabral, and Rúben Mina
Subjects: Chromium, inorganic chemicals, animal structures, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Arsenic, Selenium, Nickel, Chiroptera, Animals, Wings, Animal, Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Fur, Metalloids, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Manganese, Cadmium, biology, External biological matrices, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Metal bioaccumulation, Pollution, Wing membrane, Zinc, chemistry, Metals, Bioaccumulation, Environmental chemistry, Nyctalus leisleri, Hypsugo savii, Environmental Pollutants, Metalloid, Copper, Environmental Monitoring, Hair
Abstract: There is a growing conservation concern about the possible consequences of environmental contamination in the health of bat communities. Most studies on the effects of contaminants in bats have been focused on organic contaminants, and the consequences of bat exposure to metals and metalloids remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of external biological matrices (fur and wing membrane) for the assessment of exposure and bioaccumulation of metals in bats. The concentration of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, lead, selenium and zinc was measured in internal organs (liver, heart, brain), internal (bone) and external tissues (wing membrane, fur) collected from bat carcasses of four species (Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus leisleri, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus pygmaeus) obtained in windfarm mortality searches. With the exception of zinc (P = 0.223), the results showed significant differences between the concentrations of metals in the analyzed tissues for all metals (P < 0.05). Significant differences were also found between organs/tissues (P < 0.001), metals (P < 0.001) and a significant interaction between organs/tissues and metals was found (P < 0.001). Despite these results, the patterns in terms of metal accumulation were similar for all samples. Depending on the metal, the organ/tissue that showed the highest concentrations varied, but fur and wing had the highest concentrations for most metals. The variability obtained in terms of metal concentrations in different tissues highlights the need to define standardized methods capable of being applied in monitoring bat populations worldwide. The results indicate that wing membrane and fur, biological matrices that may be collected from living bats, yield reliable results and may be useful for studies on bats ecotoxicology, coupled to a standardized protocol for large-scale investigation of metal accumulation.
Published: 2019

33. The effect of male age on patterns of sexual segregation in Siberian ibex

Author: António Alves da Silva, Joana Alves, Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, Muyang Wang, and Weikang Yang
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Male, Aging, lcsh:Medicine, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Animals, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, lcsh:Science, Social Behavior, Multidisciplinary, biology, Deer, lcsh:R, 05 social sciences, biology.organism_classification, Siberian ibex, Sexual dimorphism, Social segregation, Male age, lcsh:Q, Female, Demography
Abstract: Sexual segregation is very common in sexually size dimorphic ungulates and may be the result of different habitat preferences and/or differential social behaviours of males and females. Various hypotheses have been put forward to explain this phenomenon. In the present research, we examined sexual segregation in a quite poorly understood species, the Siberian ibex. The species presents a marked sexual size dimorphism, with adult males weighing double as much as females. We use the Sexual Segregation and Aggregation Statistics (SSAS) to analyze the sex-age patterns of sexual segregation in this species, to understand the relevance of social factors. Our results show that adult Siberian ibex males were socially segregated from females all year round, except during the rutting season. Furthermore, the degree of segregation between females and males was influenced by the age of males. Moreover, the patterns of social segregation within males also increased with male age, reaching maximum values for males of 9 years-old and older, which means male age plays an important role in the sexual segregation of this species. This study clearly shows that social factors play a key role in the sexual segregation of Siberian ibex.
Published: 2018

34. Flavor structure of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors and transverse charge densities in the chiral quark–soliton model

Author: António Alves da Silva, Diana Urbano, and Hyun-Chul Kim
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Strange quark, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Flavour, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Charge density, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Charge radius, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Special unitary group
Abstract: We investigate the flavour decomposition of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon, based on the chiral quark-soliton model ($\chi$QSM) with symmetry-conserving quantisation. We consider the rotational $1/N_c$ and linear strange-quark mass ($m_s$) corrections. We discuss the results of the flavour-decomposed electromagnetic form factors in comparison with the recent experimental data. In order to see the effects of the strange quark, we compare the SU(3) results with those of SU(2). We finally discuss the transverse charge densities for both unpolarised and polarised nucleons. The transverse charge density inside a neutron turns out to be negative in the vicinity of the centre within the SU(3) $\chi$QSM, which can be explained by the contribution of the strange quark., Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures. Final version to appear in PTEP
Published: 2018

35. The importance of lizards and small mammals as reservoirs forBorrelia lusitaniaein Portugal

Author: António Alves da Silva, Raquel Escudero, M. Sofia Núncio, Jaime A. Ramos, Isabel Carvalho, Ana Cláudia Norte, Luís P. da Silva, Pedro Anda, and Joana Alves
Subjects: Disease reservoir, biology, Ecology, language, Borrelia lusitaniae, Portuguese, biology.organism_classification, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, language.human_language
Abstract: This study was financially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/62898/2009) and INSA/DDI project.
Published: 2015

36. Grouping patterns and social organization in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica): feeding strategy matters

Author: Muyang Wang, Joana Alves, António Alves da Silva, David Blank, Weikang Yang, and Lei Han
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biomass (ecology), Forage (honey bee), biology, 010607 zoology, Body size, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Siberian ibex, Sexual dimorphism, Food supply, Animal Science and Zoology, Capra, Social organization, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography
Abstract: A study on group size and composition in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) was conducted in the Eastern Tien-Shan Mountains. We found that small groups (1-5 individuals) were most common for this species. Generally, mixed-sex groups were larger than male and female groups. Since males have more ability for fiber digestion, because of their larger body size than females, they are less selective in food quality. Due to this, males gathered into larger single-sex groups in August-September, when forage was at its maximal biomass, and into smaller groups when the amount of food was limited (winter-early-spring). During birthing period, pregnant females typically separated from groups to give birth, returning to the female groups in May-June, when high-quality food was at its maximal availability, making female groups largest in this period. Similar to other sexually dimorphic species, Siberian ibex females and males stayed together in mixed-sex groups during rutting season, demonstrating sexual segregation outside of the rutting season, particularly during summer. Nevertheless, there are still a significant number of males and females that stay in mixed-sex groups throughout the year. In conclusion, the grouping pattern and social organization of Siberian ibex were closely correlated to the availability and quality of their food supply and yearly breeding cycle. Accordingly, Siberian ibexes changed their feeding strategy: being mixed feeders they behaved similar to concentrate selectors when food was scant and preferred small sized groups; while they enlarged their group sizes during seasons when the enriching of forage conditions allowed them to do that. However, group enlarging happened in different months depending on group typology (i.e. mixed-sex, male or female groups) depending on the feeding strategy of their individuals.
Published: 2019

37. Pellet group count methods to estimate red deer densities: Precision, potential accuracy and efficiency

Author: Joana Alves, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares, Carlos Fonseca, and António Alves da Silva
Subjects: Census techniques, Accuracy and precision, Distance sampling, Ecology, Sampling design, Simulation modeling, Cervus elaphus, Sampling (statistics), Ungulates, Biology, Standing crop, Animal ecology, Statistics, Animal Science and Zoology, Mediterranean region, Transect, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Pellet group count methods are key tools for wildlife conservation and management. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the performance and suitability of the different pellet group count methods at distinct realities. This issue has been discussed by other researchers but with inconsistent conclusions, leaving open the necessity of additional studies. Aiming to fill this need, we used a combination of field data and simulation models to evaluate the density estimates, precision and potential accuracy of the results obtained through each pellet group count method, and also the sampling effort and efficiency associated with them. The methods evaluated were standing crop plot counts (FSCP), clearance plot counts (FAR), standing crop strip transect counts (ST) and standing crop line transect counts (LT). Deer density estimates by the four methods were statistically similar at all effort levels simulated. The analyses of CV trends reveal a better precision supplied by FSCP than by FAR for the same effort, while ST and LT yielded comparable values in analogous situations. The time required to make a survey is a key factor in the choice of a field technique. LT with distance sampling was the most efficient method to count pellet groups, while FAR seems to be the less proficient method. Attending to the limitations usually inherent to field surveys, like time, technicians and budget, LT appeared more efficient than the other methods, providing great precision and accuracy in less time. Nevertheless, at high densities and pronounced habitat heterogeneity, FAR became more efficient than FSC, do not requiring the decay rates, allowing accurate estimates in a few months when applied with the proper effort and environmental conditions. This study highlights the importance of carrying out pilot studies and simulation models to evaluate the sampling design prior to its implementation in the field. Joana Alves was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) PhD grant SFRH/BD/22599/2005. The authors would like to thank Autoridade Florestal Nacional (AFN), for the logistic support, and all who contributed in some way, to this work. The authors would also like to thank to T. Natal da Luz and Ng Ee Ling for English corrections, and to Francesco Ferretti and one anonymous referee for helpful comments on the manuscript. published
Published: 2013

38. Variation in the Abundance and Reproductive Characteristics of Great TitsParus majorin Forest and Monoculture Plantations

Author: Luís P. da Silva, António Alves da Silva, Jaime A. Ramos, Joana Alves, and Carlos Fonseca
Subjects: Avian clutch size, Parus, Fringilla, biology, Periparus, Ecology, Cyanistes, Forest management, Pinus pinaster, Animal Science and Zoology, Monoculture, biology.organism_classification
Abstract: Natural forests have been progressively replaced by other forest types, mainly monoculture plantations. We compared the abundance of Great Tits and its main food competitors, the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs and other tits species (Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, Coal Tit Periparus ater and Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus), and breeding parameters of Great Tits in four forest types: a mixed forest, a native broadleaf forest, a Maritime Pine Pinus pinaster plantation and a Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus plantation in Central Portugal. The breeding parameters (laying date, clutch size, egg volume, hatching success, fledging success and chick body mass) were collected from nest boxes placed in the four forest types. The censuses indicated a higher abundance index of Great Tit and its food competitors in the mixed and broadleaf forest, when compared to the monoculture plantations. Occupancy rate of nest boxes was not directly related with tit abundance due to differences in the availability of natural ...
Published: 2012

39. Coexistence of carnivores in a heterogeneous landscape: habitat selection and ecological niches

Author: Joana Alves, Pedro G. S. Pereira, António Alves da Silva, Carlos Fonseca, and Milena Matos
Subjects: Ecological niche, biology, Ecological release, Ecology, Vulpes, Niche, Niche segregation, Niche overlap, Genetta genetta, biology.organism_classification, Habitat selection, Camera-trapping, Niche breadth, Habitat, biology.animal, Sympatric carnivores, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Marten
Abstract: Understanding distributional patterns and mechanisms used by species for habitat selection is crucial to adopt effective land management policies in terms of biodiversity conservation. A heterogeneous landscape may allow coexistence of species. That coexistence will be dependent on the availability of the resources in the habitat that has to be sufficient to fulfil their basic needs. The present study aimed to investigate habitat selection, niche breadth and niche overlap of three sympatric carnivore species (Vulpes vulpes, Genetta genetta and Martes foina) in a typically fragmented landscape from Central Portugal, using camera-trapping techniques. The results obtained revealed that the investigated species use the available habitats differently and in a non-random way. The red fox showed the most specialized behaviour, positively selecting coniferous forests. The common genet preferred eucalyptus, avoiding old-growth mixed woodland, in contrast with stone marten that exhibited a strong preference for this late habitat, avoiding eucalyptus. Concerning the niche breadth, the genet had the highest value while the red fox had the lowest one. The results obtained at the camera-trap level showed that the highest niche overlap occurred between the genet and the stone marten which suggests that these species can coexist and share the available resources. Regarding the habitat level, the greatest niche overlap was found for the stone marten and the red fox, indicating the exploration of the same general habitat conditions by both species. The results obtained in the present study support the concept that landscape complexity allows coexistence between species within the same trophic level.
Published: 2012

40. Os genes ERCC1 e RRM1 no carcinoma broncopulmonar

Author: Lina Carvalho, Cláudia Andrade, Raquel Landeiro, José Carlos Fernandes, Cláudia Farinha, Cláudia Barroso, and António Alves da Silva
Subjects: Oncology, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Cell, medicine.disease_cause, Non-small cell lung cancer, Internal medicine, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Lung cancer, lcsh:RC705-779, Cisplatin, Chemotherapy, Predictive marker, business.industry, Carcinoma do pulmão de células não pequenas, lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system, medicine.disease, Gemcitabine, medicine.anatomical_structure, RRM1, ERCC1, business, Carcinogenesis, medicine.drug
Abstract: Resumo: No cancro do pulmão, ainda não se obteve sobrevivência expressiva dos doentes que se apresentam em estádios não cirúrgicos. Os doentes com carcinoma de não pequenas células são tratados com platina e outros fármacos, para os quais se podem caracterizar actualmente marcadores preditivos de resposta terapêutica.Procedeu-se a uma revisão da literatura, tendo como alvo o papel dos genes ERCC1 e RRM1 na resposta à quimioterapia baseada na platina e na gemcitabina. Actualmente, a expressão destes genes é encarada como preditiva de resposta à quimioterapia em doentes com adenocarcinomas e carcinomas epidermóides, orientando a terapêutica personalizada.Dados publicados demonstram a utilidade da quimioterapia individualizada, de acordo com os níveis individuais de ERCC1. Estes também são influenciados por variabilidade genética. Assim, a presença de certos polimorfismos, como são os códãos 118 C/T e C8092A, parecem estar relacionados com a carcinogénese, resistência aos citostáticos, tempo de sobrevida e até com o prognóstico.Estudos clínicos e laboratoriais demonstraram também que a elevada expressão do gene RRM1 no NSCLC tem impacto no fenótipo do tumor e na resposta variável à quimioterapia. Doentes submetidos a ressecção cirúrgica, cujos tumores apresentavam expressão aumentado do gene RRM1, têm maior sobrevivência do que os doentes com baixa expressão. No entanto, os doentes com NSCLC avançado sujeitos a quimioterapia com gemcitabina e cisplatina apresentam um pior prognóstico se o tumor apresentar expressão aumentada do gene RRM1.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (4): 683-696 Abstract: In lung cancer, expressive survival has not yet been achieved in non surgical stages. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are treated with platinum and other drugs. To choose these agents we can actual ly define predictive biomarkers to preview therapeutic response.A literature revision was done in order to define the role of ERCC1 e RRM1 genes in the response to chemotherapy based in platinum and gemcitabine respectively. The expression of these genes is faced as a predictive marker to the chemotherapy response in patients with adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, providing a personalized therapy.Published data supports this behaviour and is useful to individualize therapy accordingly to individual levels of ERCC1 which are modified by genetic mutations. Polymorphisms in codons 118 C/T and C8092A, seem to influence the carcinogenesis, cytostatic resistance, survival and even the prognosis.Clinical and laboratorial trials showed that high expression of RRM1 gene in NSCLC has impact in the tumoral phenotype. Patients having done surgical ressection and presenting high expression of RRM1 have better survival than those with lower expression. However, patients with advanced NSCLC and treated with chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin appear to have a poor outcome if the tumor express elevated levels of RRM1 gene.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (4): 683-696 Palavras-chave: Carcinoma do pulmão de células não pequenas, RRM1, ERCC1, Key-words: Non-small cell lung cancer, RRM1, ERCC1
Published: 2009
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41. A justiça penal militar

Author: Ermidas, Marco António Alves da Silva and Valente, Manuel Monteiro Guedes
Subjects: Direito penal especial, crimes estritamente militares, sistema de justiça militar
Abstract: O presente relatório, elaborado nos termos da Deliberação do Conselho Científico n.º 37/2011, de 29 de junho de 2011, e do Regulamento Geral de Mestrados e Doutoramentos da Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa (UAL), relativo ao processo de obtenção do grau de Mestre por licenciados Pré-Bolonha, descreve de forma detalhada a atividade académica, formação e atividade profissional de Marco António Alves da Silva Ermidas. Durante mais de doze anos desenvolveu a sua atividade profissional sempre na área do Direito, na Administração Pública, como militar com as funções de Oficial de Justiça, Investigador Criminal da Polícia Judiciária Militar e Técnico Superior, permitiram a aquisição de diferentes experiências, com especial enfoque na administração da justiça, nas diferentes fases processuais, nas quais participou diretamente. Para além de uma descrição detalhada das funções exercidas, explicita-se também a formação profissional adquirida, para o cabal desempenho das mesmas, com especial destaque para a matéria da mesma, nem sempre acessíveis a não profissionais, a qual possibilitou a aquisição e o desenvolvimento de novas competências técnicas. A reflexão crítica sobre o percurso profissional e formação pertinente, com a apresentação de um texto de aprofundamento científico, o sistema de justiça penal militar, tema central na atividade desenvolvida pelo mestrando, completam o presente relatório.
Published: 2015

42. Soil fauna through the landscape window: factors shaping surface-and soil-dwelling communities across spatial scales in cork-oak mosaics

Author: Susana Dias, Jari Niemelä, Artur R. M. Serrano, António Alves da Silva, José Paulo Sousa, Dan E. Chamberlain, Pedro Martins da Silva, Pedro J. Leitão, Matty P. Berg, Animal Ecology, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute
Subjects: Carabidae, Collembola, Community structure, Dispersal ability, Environmental factors, Landscape metrics, Mediterranean region, Multiscale analysis, Spatial modelling, Variance partitioning, Geography, Planning and Development, Ecology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Soil biology, Biology, Planning and Development, Geography, Edaphic, Spatial heterogeneity, Habitat, Spatial ecology, Biological dispersal, Landscape ecology
Abstract: Context: The role of ecological processes governing community structure are dependent on the spatial distances among local communities and the degree of habitat heterogeneity at a given spatial scale. Also, they depend on the dispersal ability of the targeted organisms collected throughout a landscape window. Objectives: We assessed the relative importance of spatial and environmental factors shaping edaphic (Collembola) and epigeous (Carabidae) communities at different scales. Methods: The sampling sites were four different landscape windows (1 km2 square each) in a Mediterranean cork-oak landscape in Portugal. Variance partitioning methods were used to disentangle the relative effects of spatial variables and environmental variables (habitat: data on % of vegetation cover types; management: data on forestry and pasture interventions; landscape: data on landscape metrics e.g., patch size, shape and configuration) across different spatial scales. Results: The relative effects of environmental and spatial factors at different scales varied between Collembola and Carabidae. The pure effect of the environmental component was only significant for carabid beetles and explained a higher percentage of their community variance compared to collembolan communities. The pure effects of the spatial component were generally higher than the environmental component for both groups of soil fauna. Carabid communities responded to landscape features related to the patch connectivity of open areas (grasslands) as well as the shape of cork-oak habitat patches integrating the agro-forest mosaic. Conclusions: Community patterns of surface-dwelling soil fauna may be partly predicted by some features of the landscape, while soil-dwelling communities require ecological assessments at finer spatial scales.
Published: 2015

43. The importance of lizards and small mammals as reservoirs for Borrelia lusitaniae in Portugal

Author: Ana Cláudia, Norte, António, Alves da Silva, Joana, Alves, Luís Pascoal, da Silva, M Sofia, Núncio, Raquel, Escudero, Pedro, Anda, Jaime A, Ramos, and Isabel, Lopes de Carvalho
Subjects: Birds, Trichoderma, Ixodes, Portugal, Borrelia, Larva, Animals, Lizards, Ectoparasitic Infestations, Murinae, Chordata, Disease Reservoirs
Abstract: Borrelia lusitaniae is a pathogen frequent in the Mediterranean area. Apart from lizards, evidence for birds and small mammals as competent reservoirs for this genospecies has been occasional. We collected questing ticks, skin biopsies and Ixodes sp. ticks feeding on lizards, birds and small mammals in a B. burgdorferi s.l. (sensu lato) enzootic area to assess their importance in the maintenance of B. lusitaniae. Borrelia lusitaniae was the most prevalent genospecies in questing ticks and was commonly found in larvae feeding on Psammodromus algirus. One biopsy infected with B. lusitaniae was collected from the tail of one Podarcis hispanica, which suggests systemic infection. Ixodes ricinus larvae feeding on Apodemus sylvaticus were infected with B. lusitaniae but with a lower prevalence. Our results reinforce the importance of lizards as reservoirs for B. lusitaniae, suggesting that P. algirus, in particular, acts as main reservoir for B. lusitaniae in Portugal.
Published: 2014

44. Spatial and temporal habitat use and selection by red deer: the use of direct and indirect methods

Author: António Alves da Silva, Carlos Fonseca, Joana Alves, and Amadeu M.V.M. Soares
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Direct observations, Cervus elaphus, Habitat use and selection, Ecotone, Land cover, Biology, Shrubland, Altitude, Habitat, Animal ecology, Pellet group counts, Animal Science and Zoology, Mediterranean region, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm)
Abstract: Given the importance of red deer Cervus elaphus for hunting and conservation purposes, understanding the interactions between this species and its habitats in the Mediterranean region is a crucial step for the sustainable management of this species. Aiming to compare pellet group counts and direct observations methods to study the habitat use and selection by red deer, the results obtained by both methods were compared, and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed. To understand the temporal patterns of habitat use and selection, the survey was conducted at three different seasons, birth period, rut season and winter. The habitat use and selection were studied in relation to land cover, watercourse, roads, ecotone zones and other topographic features (altitude, slope and aspect), using generalized linear models and selection ratios. The similarity of the results provided by pellet group counts and direct observations indicate that both methods may constitute useful tools to study the habitat use and selection by red deer. Globally, red deer seemed to select habitats that provide simultaneously food and some cover, as shown by its preference for shrublands, independently of the sampling season. The positive selection of ecotone zones embodies the need for open spaces. Males and females showed a similar use of shrubland, but selected patches with different characteristics therein. The spatial and temporal patterns exhibited by our results suggest that red deer balance their habitat requirements in respect to each phase of their reproductive cycle. Pellet group counts and direct observations seem to be useful methods to analyze habitat use and selection, and may provide helpful knowledge to the management and conservation of red deer.
Published: 2014

45. Sexual segregation in red deer: is social behaviour more important than habitat preferences?

Author: Joana Alves, Carlos Fonseca, António Alves da Silva, and Amadeu M.V.M. Soares
Subjects: education.field_of_study, Ecology, Reproductive strategy, Population, Cervus elaphus, Social segregation, Social behaviour, Biology, Body size, Sexual dimorphism, Sexually active, Habitat, Reproductive period, Habitat segregation, Mediterranean ecosystem, Animal Science and Zoology, Red deer, Sexual segregation, education, Social affinity, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography
Abstract: Sexual segregation among vertebrates is a common phenomenon, usually assumed to be associated with sexual body size dimorphism and explained by differences in habitat use or social behaviours. Various hypotheses explain sexual segregation in terms of social or habitat factors. The factors controlling sexual segregation are as yet unclear and the hypotheses put forward to explain it have generated contradictory results, indicating that different mechanisms can be involved. We analysed the three components of sexual segregation (i.e. social, spatial and habitat) in a red deer, Cervus elaphus, population of a Mediterranean-type mountainous environment. We also examined age- and offspring-related segregation. Aiming to understand the role of social interactions and habitat preferences for red deer segregation, we used 5 years of direct observations of animals. Adult males and sexually active females showed complete segregation during the year except in the rut and autumn seasons, showing that a red deer tends to be aggregated with its peers outside the reproductive period. The results suggested that red deer segregated not only by sex, but also between age classes, indicating that sexual segregation hypotheses need to explain more than differences between sexes. Furthermore, both social behaviour and habitat preferences contributed significantly to sexual segregation, indicating that this phenomenon results from different choices made by males and females with respect to security and food availability in their living areas and dissimilar social behaviour of different sexes and age classes. J.A. was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) Ph.D. grant SFRH/BD/22599/2005. We thank the Autoridade Florestal Nacional (AFN) for financial and logistic support and to all who contributed in some way to this work. We also thank Jaime Ramos, Tiago Natal da Luz and David Max for English corrections, and the referees for helpful comments on the manuscript. published
Published: 2013

46. Reproductive performance of wild boar females in Portugal

Author: José Vingada, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares, Joana Alves, Carlos Fonseca, and António Alves da Silva
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Litter (animal), medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Sus scrofa, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Animal science, Wild boar, biology.animal, Internal medicine, medicine, Juvenile, education, Ovulation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, education.field_of_study, biology, Phenology, Mortality rate, Wild boar management, 010601 ecology, Endocrinology, Litter size, Central Portugal, Reproductive phenology, Sex ratio
Abstract: Reproductive tracts of 214 female wild boars collected in Central Portugal between October and February over the period 1997 to 2001 were examined. From this material, we were able to determine reproductive phenology (conception and birth periods) as well as age and weight of sows at puberty, ovulation rates of adults, foetal sex ratio, levels of intrauterine mortality, final litter size and postnatal mortality. Differences between year, region, age and body weight were analysed. A total of 66.8% of the females examined were gestating or lactating and 96.3% of these weighed > 40 kg. The highest proportions of pregnant sows were found in the adult age/weight classes (74%). None of the juvenile females (1 year old and younger) were lactating and only 7% was pregnant. The average number of foetuses/female (4.1 +/- 1.2SD) and that of corpora lutea per female (4.6 +/- 1.7SD) increased from lighter and younger to heavier and older wild sows. Foetal sex ratio was biased towards males (1.3:1). Observed intrauterine mortality rate (9.7%) and postnatal mortality (6.3%) were among the lowest recorded in European wild boar populations. The productivity rate of the Central Portuguese wild boar population was calculated as 1.1 young per individual in the population. Conception and birth periods did not differ significantly between the considered 4 years. Birth synchronisation was pronounced in all the years, with a peak of births occurring in March.
Published: 2011

47. E2M1 and C2M1 for the electroproduction of the Δ(1232) in the chiral quark-soliton model

Author: Manuel Fiolhais, António Alves da Silva, Klaus Goeke, D. Urbano, and T. Watabe
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Current quark, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Constituent quark, Baryon, Pion, Regularization (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Pion decay constant, Effective action
Abstract: The chiral quark-soliton model [l] IS a field theoretical model based on the quark-meson Lagrangian C = G(i-y%& - m - MW)Q, f rom which an effective action is constructed by retaining the fermionic part (zero-meson-loop approximation). The model is fully defined by choosing the propertime regularization. The parameters of the model are the current quark masses, the constituent quark mass A4 and the cut-off parameters involved in the regularization. These parameters are fixed, with the exception of M, in the mesonic sector by reproducing the pion and kaon masses and the pion decay constant. From the minimization of the effective action a degenerate family of classical solutions with baryonic number one are numerically obtained. These classical solutions correspond to static localized solitonic field configurations with hedgehog shape and are degenerate because they break the symmetries of the action and, therefore, do not to have the quantum numbers of the baryons. D.U. acknowledges support from Praxis XXI/BD/9300/96 and A.S. from Praxis XXI/BD/15681/98.
Published: 2000

48. Analysis of two precipitation methods on the yield, structural features and activity of sulfated polysaccharides from Gracilaria cornea (Rhodophyta)

Author: Ricardo Basto Souza, Ismael Nilo Lino de Queiroz, Antônio Alves da Silva Neto, José Gerardo Carneiro, José Ariévilo Gurgel Rodrigues, and Norma Maria Barros Benevides
Subjects: Rhodophyceae, polysulfated, precipitation methods, structural analysis, APTT test, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: The global demand for natural products from seaweeds has increased worldwide; however, no description of the use of isoamly alcohol (IAA) for obtaining of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) has been reported. We investigated the efficiency of two precipitation methods (M) in obtaining SPs from the red seaweed Gracilaria cornea. SPs enzymatically isolated were concentrated with cetylpyridinium chloride (M I) or IAA (M II) and extracts were examined with regard to their yield, structural features and in vitro effects on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) using normal human plasma and standard heparin (193 IU mg-1). Yield difference reached 12.99%. Quantitative determination of sulfate was similar between the two methods (̴ 26%), but extracts revealed different pattern on charge density by agarose gel electrophoresis. Whereas both extracts revealed as agarocolloids, alternative M II was also efficient for lipids, proteins and nucleic acids according to the infrared analysis. Extracts had virtually no effect on APPT (1.95 and 2 IU mg-1 for M I and M II, respectively). The results revealed IAA as an alternative solvent for obtaining SPs from the red seaweed G. cornea, depending on the industry’ usage criterion.
Published: 2015
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49. Notas sobre a Dinâmica da Capital no Complexo da Soja

Author: Júlia Adão Bernardes and Antonio Alves da Silva
Subjects: agro-industry, Rondonópolis, soybean, Physical geography, GB3-5030, Geography (General), G1-922
Published: 1997

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