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Description of a new turtle cranium from the Purbeck of Dorset that represents the first unambiguous Thalassochelydia from the Early Cretaceous. This cranium probably also represents the first cranium of the shell-based species Hylaeochelys belli. This dataset contains: - a 3D textured surface mesh of the specimen (DORCM G.10715) - an updated phylogenetic matrix with DORCM G.10715 and Hylaeochelys belli derived from Evers and Benson (2019) - individual figures files

Echinodon sp. (Fig. 21 A-D) DESCRIPTION Premaxillary teeth Two well-preserved, isolated heterodontosaurid premaxillary teeth (ANG15-R672 & ANG14-3368) were recovered in Angeac-Charente (Fig. 21 A-D). Only the crown, possibly from a shed tooth, is preserved in the first one (Fig. 21A, B), the other also shows a part of the root (Fig. 21C, D). Both crowns are very similar in being swollen and recurved folidont (Hendrickx et al. 2015a). They are rather short with a mesiodistal basal length of 6 mm and 7.5 mm and a preserved crown height of 8 and 9 mm, respectively. The teeth resemble those of Echinodon from the Purbeck Group of England described by Norman & Barrett (2002) and Sereno (2012). The crown is slightly concave lingually and gently convex labially, with an elliptical cross-section at mid-height. The main axis of the crown is recurved distally, so that its apex is slightly distal to the center of the crown base.The apex is blunt and bears a wear facet lingually.In lingual and labial views, the mesial border of the crown is convex with a bulge at its base, whereas the distal border is concave.As in Echinodon (Sereno2012), and in contrast to many ornithischians, the carinae of the premaxillary teeth do not bear denticles (Galton 2009). The marked lingual wear facet, presumably from occlusion with the predentary bill, is apicobasally oriented (Sereno 2012). The crown enamel ends at the same level on every surface. The enamel has a relatively smooth texture, but exhibits small striations. At the cervix, a slightly pronounced constriction separates the crown from the base of the root. The latter being incomplete in one specimen and lacking in the other, we cannot assess its length relatively to the length of the crown. The base of the root is large. The root labiolingual width is stable along the preserved section, practically equivalent to the crown mesiodistal basal length, and slightly inferior to the maximum width of the crown. The root is labiolingually narrower than mesiodistally wide. In lingual and labial views, it has subparallel and slightly convex borders. At the fracture point, the root has an oval cross-section with a large pulp cavity., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 709, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["HENDRICKX C., MATEUS O. & ARAUJO R. 2015 a. - A proposed terminology of theropod teeth (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35: e 982797. https: // doi. org / 10.108 0 / 02724634.2015.982797.","NORMAN D. B. & BARRETT P. M. 2002. - Ornithischian dinosaurs from the lower Cretaceous (Berriasian) of England. Special Papers in Palaeontology 68: 161 - 190.","SERENO P. C. 2012. - Taxonomy, morphology, masticatory function and phylogeny of heterodontosaurid dinosaurs. ZooKeys 226: 1 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 226.2840","GALTON P. M. 2009. - Notes on Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, \" Camptosaurus \", \" Iguanodon \" - and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere. Revue de Paleobiologie 28: 211 - 273."]}

Ginglymodi indet. (Fig. 7 A-D) DESCRIPTION Material from Angeac-Charente mainly includes isolated teeth and ganoid scales(Fig.7 A-D).Most teeth show a typical sub-hemispheric, unornamented crown. A small tip is sometimes developed at the apex of the crown. Scales are relatively thick and rhomboid in shape. An anteroventral process can be present in addition to the anterodorsal process. The posterior margin is not serrated. Based on the available material, one or two ginglymodian taxa may be present,with possibly a callipurbeckiid (Semionotiformes) and/or a lepidotid (Lepisosteiformes)(sensu López-Arbarello& Sferco 2018)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 693, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033

Amiiformes indet. (Figs 7 E-H; 8A-D) DESCRIPTION Amiiform fish are represented in the assemblage by isolated teeth, jaw remains (Fig. 7 E-H) and vertebrae. Most of the labiolingually compressed teeth show a typical triangular crown apex and bear two well-developed carinae (Fig. 8 A-C). Such teeth were previously referred to Caturus sp. (Sweetman et al. 2014; Vullo et al. 2014; Pouech et al. 2015), although this dental morphology is also present in more derived members of Amiiformes (i.e., Amiidae). Some tooth associations are interpreted as vomerine dentitions (Fig. 8D). These elements bear teeth of various sizes, subconical and devoid of carinae, as those found in many Amiiformes (Grande & Bemis 1998). It is worth noting that this tooth morphology corresponds to that usually assigned to the aspidorhynchid Belonostomus (e.g., Sweetman et al. 2014; Pouech et al. 2015). However, the rounded morphology of the vomerine tooth plates from Angeac-Charente and the fact that they are paired elements preclude assignment to Belonostomus (in which the vomer is unpaired); therefore, all isolated small teeth with a conical crown devoid of carinae are here referred to Amiiformes indet., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 694, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["SWEETMAN S. C., GOEDERT J. & MARTILL D. M. 2014. - A preliminary account of the fishes of the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation (Wealden Group, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 113: 872 - 896. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2011.0109","VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003","POUECH J., MAZIN J. - M., CAVIN L., POYATO- ARIZA F. J. 2015. - A Berriasian actinopterygians fauna from Cherves-de-Cognac, France: biodiversity and palaeoenvironmental implications. Cretaceous Research 55: 32 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2015.01.001","GRANDE L. & BEMIS W. E. 1998. - A comprehensive phylogenetic study of amiid fishes (Amiidae) based on comparative skeletal anatomy. An empirical search for interconnected patterns of natural history. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 (suppl. 1): 1 - 696."]}

Pterosauria indet. (Fig. 20 J-M) DESCRIPTION A third morphological group of pterosaurian teeth corresponds to slender, recurved crowns that are characterized by a subcircular cross section and poorly distinct carinae (Fig.20 J-M).The enamel is smooth whereas the basal part of the crown devoid of enamel (i.e., basal portion of labial and lingual faces) shows an irregular rugose texture.Teeth of this morphology can be observed in some non-pterodactyloid taxa(e.g.,the Late Jurassic rhamphorhynchid genus Bellubrunnus; Hone et al. 2012) and archaeopterodactyloids (e.g., ctenochasmatids; Perea et al. 2018); therefore, this third morphotype cannot be identified beyond Pterosauria indet., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 709, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["HONE D. W. E., TISCHLINGER H., FREY E. & ROPER M. 2012. - A new non-pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany. PLoS ONE 7 (7): e 39312. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0039312","PEREA D., SOTO M., TORINO P., MESA V. & MAISEY J. G. 2018. - A Late Jurassic -? earliest Cretaceous ctenochasmatid (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea): The first report of pterosaurs from Uruguay. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 85: 298 - 306. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2018.05.011"]}

Pycnodontidae indet. (Fig. 6 D-F) DESCRIPTION A second pycnodontiform taxon is represented by beanshaped to suboval teeth with a transverse groove or depression and one or two lateral tubercles (Fig. 6 D-F). This taxon is also present in the Purbeckian facies of Cherves-de-Cognac, and has been described as “tooth morphotype 7” by Pouech et al. (2015: fig. 8b). A very similar and likely congeneric form has also been described from the Wealden facies of southern England as Coelodus sp. (Sweetman et al. 2014) then assigned to Ocloedus sp. (Sweetman 2016). However, the English material includes nearly complete vomerine dentitions with three tooth rows (Sweetman et al. 2014: fig. 10e), indicating that this unnamed species does not belong to either Coelodus or Ocloedus, which both have five vomerine tooth rows (Poyato-Ariza & Wenz 2002). Numerous ventral keel scales showing contacting spines of anteroposteriorly increasing size, can be assigned to Pycnodontidae (see Poyato-Ariza & Wenz 2002; Sweetman et al. 2014)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 692, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["POUECH J., MAZIN J. - M., CAVIN L., POYATO- ARIZA F. J. 2015. - A Berriasian actinopterygians fauna from Cherves-de-Cognac, France: biodiversity and palaeoenvironmental implications. Cretaceous Research 55: 32 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2015.01.001","SWEETMAN S. C., GOEDERT J. & MARTILL D. M. 2014. - A preliminary account of the fishes of the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation (Wealden Group, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 113: 872 - 896. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2011.0109","SWEETMAN S. C. 2016. - A comparison of Barremian-early Aptian vertebrate assemblages from the Jehol Group, north-east China and the Wealden Group, southern Britain: the value of microvertebrate studies in adverse preservational settings. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 96: 149 - 167. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12549 - 015 - 0217 - 9"]}

Ornithomimosauria indet. DESCRIPTION Ornithomimosaurs are by far the most commonly represented vertebrates in Angeac-Charente, with more than 3800 macroremains collected (Figs 29-30), accounting for more than 50% of the identified vertebrate material (Rozada et al. 2021). The minimum number of individuals (MNI) is approximately 70 based on the distal end of left tibiae. Ornithomimosaur remains are mainly concentrated in the CG1 and CG3 loci, in which they represent 70 % of all the ornithomimosaur remains identified. Such a concentration and high number of individuals are congruent with a mass mortality event of an ornithomimosaur herd (Allain et al. 2011, 2014; Néraudeau et al. 2012; Rozada et al. 2021). However, no articulated skeletons have been observed due to the intense trampling (dinoturbation) affecting this area (Rozada et al. 2021). The only articulated remains of ornithomimosaurs found so far come from the northwestern part of the quarry (CG9 plot) and they include the zeugopod and the autopod of the forelimb of a single individual, as well as the the zeugopod and autopod of the hindlimb of another single individual. Except for the most fragile elements such as the maxillary and palate bones, which have probably suffered from trampling and have not yet been identified, the skeleton of the Angeac-Charente ornithomimosaur is virtually complete (Fig. 31). A complete description of the entire skeleton of this new taxon is beyond the scope of this study. Nevertheless, it seems important to highlight here key anatomical features of the Angeac-Charente ornithomimosaur:first, because this clade was hitherto unknown in Europe at the beginning of the Cretaceous (Allain et al. 2014); secondly because it may be the oldest known ornithomimosaur to date (Choiniere et al. 2012; Cerroni et al. 2019); thirdly, because it shows very close anatomical similarities to Limusaurus, which is a Late Jurassic Chinese theropod that is not considered a member of the Ornithomimosauria, but a ceratosaurian (Xu et al. 2009). These similarities include a very large external mandibular fenestra and short forelimbs with manual digit reduction (RA pers. obs.). Relationships between ceratosaurians and ornithomimosaurs have long been confusing (e.g. Marsh 1895; Janensch 1925; Galton 1982; Holtz 1994; Rauhut 2003). Some taxa,including Elaphrosaurus, Deltadromeus, Limusaurus, Nqwebasaurus and probably the Angeac-Charente taxon do not have a clearly established phylogenetic position, and their anatomy may also reflect unexpected and unrecognized relationships between ceratosaurians and ornithomimosaurs. Pending a comparative and detailed phylogenetic study, we provide herein some anatomical features that clearly indicate the ornithomimosaurian affinity of Angeac-Charente material. Besides the features already mentioned byAllain et al. (2014), we mainly used the anatomical characters discussed in the recent reappraisal of the phylogenetic position of Afromimus byCerroni et al. (2019).The edentulous and downturned dentary (Fig.29A) is an ornithomimosaurian synapomorphy convergently acquired by numerous other coelurosaurian groups (Zanno & Makovicky 2010). It is worth noting that outside coelurosaurs only Limusaurus displays a toothless skull and mandible in mature individuals (Wang et al. 2017). The pedal unguals of the Angeac-Charente theropod have a weak longitudinal curvature and exhibit the reduction of the flexor tubercle to a ventral platform seen in ornithomimosaurs, but also in abelisauroids (Fig. 29B, C; Cerroni et al. 2019: fig. 7). Nevertheless, they are more reminiscent of ornithomimosaurs, being slender, and having a triangular cross-section and a single ventral groove (Longrich 2008), whereas pedal unguals of Afromimus and Masiakasaurus are shorter and possess a dorsal vascular groove. The centrum of the middle and distal caudal vertebrae is long and low(Fig.29 D-L).The anterior and posterior articular surfaces are slightly wider than tall, with a reniform contour (Fig. 29H, L). A broad and shallow sulcus is present on the ventral surface, and it is laterally delimited by two prominent ridges (Fig. 29E, J). All these features are present in ornithomimosaurs (Osmolska et al. 1972; Longrich 2008) but also in Elaphrosaurus (Rauhut & Carrano 2016). As in all ornithomimosaurs, the robust and tongue-shaped prezygapophyses of the Angeac-Charente taxon are elongated anteroposteriorly, up to three-quarters the length of the centrum. They are horizontally directed (Fig. 29F, K) and do not diverge laterally from the sagittal plane (Fig. 29D, I). Conversely, the zygapophyses of ceratosaurs are slender, shorter and directed anterodorsally (Carrano et al. 2002; O’Connor 2007, Cerroni et al. 2019). The tibia of the Angeac-Charente ornithomimosaur has already been described in detail (Allain et al. 2014).Here, we figure new material to highlight the features that best differentiate it from a ceratosaur tibia (Fig. 30 A-D). The proximal end of the tibia is markedly different from that of Ceratosaurus, Masiakasaurus, Carnotaurus, Majungasaurus, Afromimus and Elaphrosaurus having a fibular crest clearly separated from the proximal articular surface (Fig. 30 A-C), as in tetanuran theropods and thus all the ornithomimosaurs. The elliptical scar present on the posterior surface of the proximal end of the tibia of some ceratosaurs is not visible in the Angeac-Charente taxon (Cerroni et al. 2019). As in all ornithomimosaurs, the anterior surface of the distal end of the tibia of the Angeac-Charente taxon bears a tall and transversely expanded flat articular surface for the ascending process of the astragalus (Fig. 30D). There is no medial buttress to accommodate the ascending process as in many basal tetanurans and ceratosaurs, including Berberosaurus, Masiakasaurus, Majungasaurus and Ceratosaurus. The medial face of the fibula bears a deep and proximodistally elongate elliptical fossa for the insertion of musculus popliteus. This fossa opens medially and is anteriorly and posteriorly bounded by sharp rims (Fig. 30E). Such a condition is only known in coelurosaurs and Elaphrosaurus, and markedly differs from the condition seen in coelophysoids and ceratosaurs, in which the fossa is covered anterodorsally by the tibial crest and thus opens posteriorly (Rauhut 2003; Allain et al. 2007; Rauhut & Carrano 2016; Cerroni et al. 2019). In common with the tibia and fibula, the astragalus has a morphology typical of the coelurosaurs and very different from that of the ceratosaurs (Fig.30 F-H).In contrast to Ceratosaurus, Elaphrosaurus, Masiakasaurus, and abelisaurids, the astragalus is fused neither to the calcaneum nor the tibia or fibula (Fig. 30H). The height of the blade-like ascending process of the astragalus is more than twice the height of astragalar body and the process arises from the complete breadth of the astragalar body (Fig. 30 F-G). In contrast, all ceratosaurs exhibit a low and narrow ascending process. In addition, the fibular facet on the astragalus is strongly reduced on the lateral side of the ascending process of the astragalus (Fig. 30H). In contrast, the distal end of the fibula of numerous abelisauroids including Berberosaurus, Masiakasaurus, Afromimus and Majungasaurus is transversely expanded and the flared distal end partially overlaps the ascending process of astragalus, the fibular facet of which is large. As previously stated (Néraudeau et al. 2012, Allain et al. 2013, 2014), all surveyed anatomical features agree with assignment of the Angeac-Charente theropod to Ornithomimosauria. Cerroni et al. (2019) have recently questioned the ornithomimosaurian phylogenetic affinities of the Early Cretaceous African Nqwebasaurus (Choiniere et al. 2012). If confirmed, it would imply that the Charentais taxon is the oldest known ornithomimosaur, based on the Berriasian age of the Lägerstatte of Angeac-Charente (Benoit et al. 2017; Polette et al. 2018). Moreover, ornithomimosaurs would then have an exclusively Laurasian distribution. Nevertheless, based on first hand examination of fossil specimens by one of us (R.A.), the phylogenetic affinities of Limusaurus and Deltadromeus are far from certain. More detailed descriptions regarding their anatomy are required to draw conclusions regarding the origin and evolution of ornithomimosaurs., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 718-721, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["ROZADA L., ALLAIN R., VULLO R., AUGIER D., GOEDERT J., JEAN A., ROYO- TORRES R., QVARNSTROM M., PEYRE DE FABREGUES C. & MARCHAL J. 2021. - A Lower Cretaceous Lagerstatte from Western Europe: taphonomical overview of the vertebrate assemblage of Angeac-Charente site (Western France). Lethaia 54: 141 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / let. 12394","ALLAIN R., VULLO R., LEPRINCE A., NERAUDEAU D. & TOURNE- PICHE J. - F. 2011. - An ornithomimosaur-dominated bonebed from the Early Cretaceous of Southwestern France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31 (supp. 6): 61.","ALLAIN R., VULLO R., LE LOEUFF J. & TOURNEPICHE J. - F. 2014. - European ornithomimosaurs: an undetected record. Geologica Acta 12 (2): 127 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1344 / 105.000002083","NERAUDEAU D., ALLAIN R., BALLEVRE M., BATTEN D. J., BUFFE- TAUT E., COLIN J. P., DABARD M. P., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., EL ALBANI A., GOMEZ B., GROSHENY D., LE LoeUFF J., LEPRINCE A., MARTIN- CLOSAS C., MASURE E., MAZIN J. - M., PHILIPPE M., POUECH J., TONG H., TOURNEPICHE J. - F. & VULLO R. 2012. - The Hauterivian-Barremian lignitic bone bed of Angeac (Charente, SW France): stratigraphical, palaeobiological and palaeogeographical implications. Cretaceous Research 37: 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.006","CHOINIERE J. N., FORSTER C. A. & DE KLERK W. J. 2012. - New information on Nqwebasaurus thwazi, a coelurosaurian theropod from the Early Cretaceous Kirkwood Formation in South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 71: 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2012.05.005","CERRONI M. A., AGNOLIN F. L., EGLI F. B. & NOVAS F. E. 2019. - The phylogenetic position of Afromimus tenerensis Sereno, 2017 and its paleobiogeographical implications. Journal of African Earth Sciences 159: 103572. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2019.103572","XU X., CLARK J. M., MO J., CHOINIERE J., FORSTER C. A., ERICKSON G. M. & ZHAO Q. 2009. - A Jurassic ceratosaur from China helps clarify avian digital homologies. Nature 459: 940 - 944. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / nature 08124","MARSH O. C. 1895. - Art LV. - On the Affinities and Classification of the Dinosaurian Reptiles. American Journal of Science (1880 - 1910) 50: 483 - 498. https: // doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 50.300.483","JANENSCH W. 1925. - Die Coelurosaurier und Theropoden der Tendaguru-Schichten Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Palaeontographica 7 (suppl. I): 1 - 99.","GALTON P. M. 1982. - Elaphrosaurus, an ornithomimid dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of North America and Africa. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 56: 265 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02988803","HOLTZ T. R. 1994. - The phylogenetic position of the Tyrannosauridae: implications for theropod systematics. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1100 - 1117. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022336000026706","RAUHUT O. W. M. 2003. - The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs. Special Papers in Palaeontology 69: 1 - 213.","ZANNO L. E. & MAKOVICKY P. J. 2010. - Herbivorous ecomorphology and specialization patterns in theropod dinosaur evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108: 232 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 1011924108","WANG S., STIEGLER J., AMIOT R., WANG X., DU G. H., CLARK J. M. & XU X. 2017. - Extreme ontogenetic changes in a ceratosaurian theropod. Current Biology 27: 144 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cub. 2016.10.043","LONGRICH N. 2008. - A new, large ornithomimid from the Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada: implications for the study of dissociated dinosaur remains. Palaeontology 51 (4): 983 - 997. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2008.00791. x","OSMOLSKA H., RONIEWICZ E. & BARSBOLD R. 1972. - A new dinosaur, Gallimimus bullatus n. gen, n. sp. (Ornithomimidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Palaeontologica Polonica 27: 103 - 143.","CARRANO M. T., ORESKA M. P. J & LOCKWOOD R. 2016. - Vertebrate paleontology of the Cloverly Formation (Lower Cretaceous), II: Paleoecology. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 (2): e 1071265. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2015.1071265","CARRANO M. T., SAMPSON S. D. & FORSTER C. A. 2002. - The osteology of Masiakasaurus knopfleri, a small abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22: 510 - 534. https: // doi. org / cvk 6 kb","O'CONNOR P. M. 2007. - The postcranial axial skeleton of Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27: 127 - 163. https: // doi. org / bcbvhp","ALLAIN R., TYKOSKI R., AQUESBI N., JALIL N. E., MONBARON M., RUSSELL D. & TAQUET P. 2007. - An abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of the High Atlas Mountains, Morocco, and the radiation of ceratosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (3): 610 - 624. https: // doi. org / b 4 f 5 j 9","ALLAIN R., ROZADA L. & VULLO R. 2013. - A cross-perspective into the Early Cretaceous dinosaur faunas from Europe and Asia: new data on the dinosaurs from the Savannakhet Bassin (Laos) and from the lignitic bonebed of Angeac-Charente (France), in VIth International Symposium about Dinosaurs Palaeontology and their Environment, Salas de los Infantes, Spain.","BENOIT R. - A., NERAUDEAU D. & MARTIN- CLOSAS C. 2017. - A review of the Late Jurassic-Early Creta-ceous charophytes from the northern Aquitaine Basin in south-west France. Cretaceous Research 79: 199 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2017.07.009","POLETTE F., BATTEN D. J. & NERAUDEAU D. 2018. - Re-examination of the palynological content of the Lower Cretaceous deposits of Angeac, Charente, south-west France: Age, palaeoenvironment and taxonomic determinations. Cretaceous Research 90: 204 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2018.04.017"]}

Pholidosaurus sp. (Fig. 19 E-J) DESCRIPTION The genus Pholidosaurus is attested to at Angeac-Charente by the presence of numerous isolated teeth (Fig. 19 E-J). These are characteristic being slender, curved and bearing numerous apicobasal ridges that converge near the apex. Identical teeth are known from the Tithonian of Chassiron (Vullo et al. 2014), and in Pholidosaurus purbeckensis recently described from the nearby locality of Cherves-de-Cognac (Martin et al. 2016b). A right anterior portion of a dentary (ANG14-2959) displaying an extensive splenial symphysis can also be assigned to Pholidosaurus., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 706, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003","MARTIN J. E., RASLAN- LOUBATIE J. & MAZIN J. - M. 2016 b. - Cranial anatomy of Pholidosaurus purbeckensis from the Lower Cretaceous of France and its bearing on pholidosaurid affinities. Cretaceous Research 66: 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2016.05.008"]}

Spalacotherium evansae Ensom & Sigogneau-Russell, 2000 (Fig. 34A, B) DESCRIPTION Three teeth of Spalacotheriidae have been recognized including two molars, which have the characteristic “symmetrodont” pattern with acute angulation of the principal cusps, seen in other spalacotheriids (Fig. 34A; Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004). The best preserved of the molars ANG M-26 lacks the posterior root and the hypoconulid (cusp d) (Fig. 34A, B). The protoconid, the metaconid and the paraconid are welldeveloped. The talonid was probably much reduced. Mesially, a single cusp e is lingually placed on the cingulid (Fig. 34B), and allows the identification of this tooth as a left lower molar. ANG M-26 is very similar, if not identical, to a tooth referred to Spalacotherium evansae (DORC GS 360, Ensom & Sigogneau-Russell 2000). Its smaller size compared to that of the molars of other species of Spalacotherium, the incompleteness of the labial cingulid associated with the equivalent height of the paraconid and metaconid, are diagnostic features (Ensom & Sigogneau-Russell 2000), that allow us to assign this specimen to Spalacotherium evansae. The latter species has been decribed from various localities of the Purbeck Group, including the Berriasian Lulworth Formation at Sunnydown Farm, U.K., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 730, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["ENSOM P. C. & SIGOGNEAU- RUSSELL D. 2000. - New symmetrodonts (Mammalia, Theria) from the Purbeck Limestone Group, Lower Cretaceous, southern England. Cretaceous Research, 21: 767 - 779. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / cres. 2000.0227"]}

Megalosauridae? indet. (Fig. 28 K-N) DESCRIPTION All the large (> 3 cm) blade-like theropod teeth found at Angeac-Charente are tentatively referred to a single taxon, although two tooth morphotypes are present. The first morphotype probably corresponds to mesial teeth (Fig. 28 K-M), the crown of which are slender and more elongated than in lateral teeth (Fig. 28N). The crown height ratio (Hendrickx et al. 2015a) ranges between 1.91 (ANG M-121) for a lateral tooth and 2.43 for a mesial one (ANG 17-5650). Apart from that, the teeth have the same characters. They are strongly compressed labiolingually. The mesial margin is convex and the distal margin is only slightly concave. Both the distal and mesial carinae are denticulate, but the latter only occurs on the apical half to one third of the crown. The carinae are centrally positioned on both the mesial and distal margins of crowns. There are 12 (ANG 17-5650) to 18 (ANG M-121) denticles per 5 mm along the mesial carinae, and 12 to 15 along the distal carinae at two thirds of the crown height. The denticles are longer mesiodistally than they are basoapically high, and they have a horizontal subrectangular outline. Interdental sulci are present. The enamel is transversely wrinkled and both transverse and marginal undulations are present (Hendrickx et al. 2015a). Teeth of large carnivorous dinosaurs, morphologically very close to those of Angeac-Charente, have been reported from the Tithonian of Chassiron and from the Purbeckian of England. The first have been referred with caution to Megalosauridae (Vullo et al. 2014), while the latter have been alternately referred to Megalosauridae or Allosauroidea (see Milner 2002). All dental characters described above have been recognized in Megalosauridae (Hendrickx et al. 2015b), and we tentatively refer the large dinosaur teeth of Angeac-Charente to this group, but an assignement to another basal tetanuran clade cannot be definitively excluded., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 718, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["HENDRICKX C., MATEUS O. & ARAUJO R. 2015 a. - A proposed terminology of theropod teeth (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35: e 982797. https: // doi. org / 10.108 0 / 02724634.2015.982797.","VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003","MILNER A. C. 2002. - Theropod dinosaurs of the Purbeck limestone group, Southern England. Special Papers in Palaeontology 68: 191 - 202.","HENDRICKX C., MATEUS O. & ARAUJO R. 2015 b. - The dentition of megalosaurid theropods. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60: 627 - 642. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00056.2013"]}

Macronaria indet. (Figs 24 Y-AA; 25A) DESCRIPTION In addition to the turiasaur, a second sauropod taxon may be present at Angeac-Charente site. It is only represented by a single abraded tooth and a tooth recovered from microremains (Figs 24 Y-AA; 25A). They are spatulate and characterized by straight and subparallel distal and mesial edges at the base of the crown, and by the presence of a convex labial and concave lingual surface. Based on these features, these teeth are assigned to a macronarian sauropod probably close to Camarasaurus (Wilson 2002; Upchurch et al. 2004; Mocho et al. 2017). Sauropod track casts have also been recorded at Angeac-Charente. Thay are represented by casts of pes and manus footprints (Rozada et al. 2021). In 2018, a sauropod footprint cast was observed above and in contact with an in-situ broken sauropod radius. It represents a spectacular “instantaneous” preservation of the action of a sauropod pes or manus crushing a sauropod long bone, and inducing bone modifications (breakage, displacement and reorientation) and sediment deformations (Rozada et al. 2021). The footprints are identified as Sauropoda indet. because of the general circular morphology of the pes, the characteristic tubular metacarpal arrangement of the manus and also the huge size of the prints (Carrano & Wilson 2001; Wilson 2005)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 718, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["WILSON J. A. 2002. - Sauropod dinosaur phylogeny: critique and cladistic analysis. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136: 215 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2002.00029. x","UPCHURCH P., BARRETT P. M. & DODSON P. 2004. - Sauropoda, in WEISHAMPEL D. B., DODSON P. & OSMOLSKA H. (eds), The Dinosauria. 2 nd edition. University of California Press, Berkeley: 259 - 322.","MOCHO P., ROYO- TORRES R., MALAFAIA E., ESCASO F. & ORTEGA F. 2017. - Sauropod tooth morphotypes from the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian basin (Portugal). Papers in Palaeontology 3: 259 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / spp 2.1075","ROZADA L., ALLAIN R., VULLO R., AUGIER D., GOEDERT J., JEAN A., ROYO- TORRES R., QVARNSTROM M., PEYRE DE FABREGUES C. & MARCHAL J. 2021. - A Lower Cretaceous Lagerstatte from Western Europe: taphonomical overview of the vertebrate assemblage of Angeac-Charente site (Western France). Lethaia 54: 141 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / let. 12394","CARRANO M. T. & WILSON J. A. 2001. - Taxon distributions and the tetrapod track record. Paleobiology 27: 564 - 582. https: // doi. org / cn 2 c 2 m","WILSON J. A. 2005. - Overview of Sauropod Phylogeny and Evolution, in CURRY ROGERS K. A. & WILSON J. A. (eds), The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology. University of California Press, Berkeley: 15 - 49."]}

Mammalia indet. (Fig. 32C, D) DESCRIPTION A tooth from the mammal material of Angeac-Charente, ANG M-34 (Fig. 32C, D), preserves a high, main central cusp, one accessory cusp and one root. Given the strong development of the accessory cusp and the inclination of the main cusp apex, this side of the tooth, and thus the only preserved root, is considered to be distal. The section of the tooth breakage shows that a second, mesial root was present. A symmetrical and similar accessory cusp was maybe present on the mesial side. Such morphology is reminiscent to that of the posterior premolariforms of the Middle Jurassic eutriconodont Amphilestes and other “ Amphilestidae ” (Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004). However, without the second half of the tooth, it is difficult to reach a conclusion, as it could also correspond to other, more derived mammals. Without any more diagnostic characters, this specimen is thus cautiously identified as Mammalia indet., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033

Thereuodon cf. taraktes (Fig. 32 G-I) DESCRIPTION An isolated tooth crown (Fig. 32 G-I) is assigned to the genus Thereuodon of the monogeneric family Thereuodontidae, on the basis of several characters (Sigogneau-Russell 1989; Sigogneau-Russell & Ensom 1998; Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004): it is labio-lingually narrow, with a great development of the parastylar lobe, forming almost a basin (Fig. 32I); a small vertical concavity can be seen on the anterior face of the paracone; the stylocone is well-developed (Fig. 32G); cusp D occurs just behind the stylocone, although it is heavily abraded on this specimen (Fig. 32G); a vertical ridge, the mediocrista, links the paracone to the cusp D, although it is weakly pronounced (Fig. 32I). Thus, three transversely narrow basins are present in occlusal view. Moreover, the paracone is high compared to the labial wall and labially but not posteriorly recurved (Fig. 32G, I). This crown is well-preserved, lacking only the metastyle. Two species are known for the genus Thereuodon: the type-species T. dahmanii (Sigogneau-Russell 1989) from the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition of the Ksar Metlili Formation, Morocco, and T. taraktes (Sigogneau-Russell & Ensom 1998), from the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Purbeck Group, England. In the Angeac-Charente specimen, the great protrusion of the parastylar cusp and the weakly marked mediacrista are reminiscent of T. taraktes, but the well-developed metacone is close to what is observed in T. dahmanii. The stylocone is closer to cusp D and less sharp than in T. dahmanii, but this conformation is similar to that of T. taraktes. Finally, as in T. taraktes but unlike T. dahmanii, there is no cuspule “c”. In conclusion, we tentatively assign this specimen to Thereuodon cf. taraktes. Sigogneau-Russell (1989) and Sigogneau-Russell & Ensom (1998) considered the teeth they referred to the two species of Thereuodon as “symmetrodontan” permanent molars. However, the upper deciduous premolars of Nanolestes drescherae, a stem-Zatheria from the Late Jurassic of Guimarota, Portugal (Martin 1999, 2002), show some similarities with the teeth of Thereuodon. Thus, the DP?3-5 of N. drescherae share with the teeth of Thereuodon an obtuse-angled trigone, a low and recurved paracone, and a trigone basin divided by a ridge connecting stylocone and paracone. These characters are diagnostic of Holotheria, a clade that include the last common ancestor to Kuehneotherium and Theria, and all of its descendants (Hopson 1994; Wible et al. 1995). Martin (2002) thus reinterpreted the teeth of Thereuodon as holotherian, probably zatherian upper deciduous premolars. Moreover, Bonaparte (1990) and Sigogneau-Russell & Ensom (1998) observed a gross resemblance between the teeth of Thereuodon and the upper cheek teeth of Barberenia, from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina. These were subsequently identified by Martin (1999) as upper deciduous premolars, probably belonging to the “dryolestoidean” Brandonia from the same formation, an opinion then followed by Bonaparte (2002). Thus, it seems that Thereuodon should be considered as a stem-Zatheria (Martin 2002). However, from a nomenclatural point of view, the fact that Thereuodon is known only by milk teeth does not invalidate the genus, which is why we use it here to precise the identification of this specimen., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 724-725, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["MARTIN T. 1999. - Dryolestidae (Dryolestoidea, Mammalia) aus dem Oberen Jura-von Portugal. Abhandlungen der senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 550: 1 - 119.","MARTIN T. 2002. - New stem lineage representatives of Zatheria (Mammalia) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22: 322 - 348. https: // doi. org / cb 2 w 55","HOPSON J. A. 1994. - Synapsid Evolution and the Radiation of Non-Eutherian Mammals, in SPENCER R. S. (ed.), Major Features of Vertebrate Evolution. Short Courses in Paleontology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 109 - 219.","WIBLE J. R., ROUGIER G. W., NOVACEK M. J., MCKENNA M. C. & DASHZEVEG C. 1995. - A mammalian petrosal from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia: implications for the evolution of the ear region and mammaliamorph interrelationships. American Museum Novitates 3149: 1 - 20. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 3672","BONAPARTE J. F. 1990. - New Late Cretaceous mammals from the Los Alamitos Formation, northern Patagonia. National Geographic Research 6 (1): 63 - 83.","BONAPARTE J. F. 2002. - New Dryolestida (Theria) from the Late Cretaceous of Los Alamitos, Argentina, and paleogeographical comments. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie - Abhandlungen 224: 339 - 371. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / njgpa / 224 / 2002 / 339"]}

EUTRICONODONTA Kermack, Mussett & Rigney, 1973 (Fig. 32A, B, E, F) DESCRIPTION Some mammalian teeth show a distinctive morphology comprising three main cusps placed serially in anteroposterior alignment on a transversely compressed crown (Fig. 32A, B, E, F). This cusp arrangement and general morphology is typical of eutriconodontans (Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004). Orientation of these isolated teeth follows the criteria of Godefroit & Battail (1997). The most convex side of the crown is considered to be the labial face, and the most concave the lingual face. Accessory cusps are usually more numerous or better developed on the distal side, and thus the side bearing the most developed and/or the most differentiated accessory cusps is considered to be distal. The distal inclination of the cusps, when present, also helps to distinguish the mesial and distal faces of the teeth., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 726, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["GODEFROIT P. & BATTAIL B. 1997. - Late Triassic cynodonts from Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (north-eastern France). Geodiversitas 19 (3): 567 - 631."]}

Caudata? indet. (Fig. 11) DESCRIPTION Among the microvertebrates from Angeac-Charente, a specimen could be referred to Caudata. Indeed, the vertebra ANG M-71 (Fig. 11) is anteroposteriorly elongated, with a broad, almost circular cotyle (Fig. 11A) and with well-defined pre– and postzygapophyses. The posterior part of the centrum is abraded, but the vertebra is clearly procoelous. Two small subcentral foramina are present on the ventral face (Fig. 11F). The general shape, presence of transverse processes extending posterolaterally, and broad vertebral cotyle are reminiscent of Caudata (Rage et al. 1993). In Caudata, the trunk vertebrae are, however, commonly opisthocoelous or amphicoelous and the procoelous condition is rare (see Estes 1981; Rage et al. 1993; Alloul et al. 2018 for examples of procoelous caudates). On the contrary, the procoelous condition is common within Squamata, to which this vertebra could be alternatively referred. Moreover, anterior basapophyses, which are present in many caudate groups (Estes 1981), are not discernable, and the presence or absence of a notochordal pit, which is usually observed on caudate vertebrae (Alloul et al. 2018), cannot be inferred because of the abraded condyle. However, the left transverse process (= rib-bearer), although broken, has an expanded head (Fig. 11C, E, F), indicating that it may be bilobed as in salamanders, and a ridge extending between the transverse process and the condyle seems to be present, as in Caudata (Alloul et al. 2018), but the preservation is too poor to reach a conclusion. Thus, this vertebra is tentively referred to Caudata?, although an assignment to Squamata cannot be excluded., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 697, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["RAGE J. - C., MARSHALL L. G. & GAYET M. 1993. - Enigmatic Caudata (Amphibia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Gondwana. Geobios 26: 515 - 519. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (06) 80234 - 2","ESTES R. 1981. - Gymnophiona, Caudata, in WELLNHOFER P. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Part 2. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, 115 p.","ALLOUL T., RAGE J. - C., HAMDIDOUCHE R. & JALIL N. - E. 2018. - First report on Cretaceous vertebrates from the Algerian Kem Kem Beds. A new procoelous salamander from the Cenomanian, with remarks on African Caudata. Cretaceous Research 84: 384 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2017.11.019"]}

Dacentrurus sp. (Fig. 23 D-J) DESCRIPTION Stegosaurs are represented at Angeac-Charente by 84 identified skeletal elements, most of which are vertebrae and ribs. Other remains include a few appendicular (phalanges) and skull (squamosal and braincase elements) bones, and one tooth (Fig. 23 D-J). Except for the tooth, which was collected following washing and screening, all the other elements are from the same area (Fig. 3 [CG4 to CG7 plots]). They very likely belong to the same individual because none of the identified bones represent the same skeletal element. Moreover, the relative proportion of the bones is also consistent with their belonging to a single individual, as suggested by the reconstructed vertebral series (Fig. 23 F-J). The single collected dentary tooth crown (Fig. 23D, E) has the same proportions as the stegosaur tooth from Chervesde-Cognac described by Billon-Bruyat et al. (2010). It has a preserved height of 4.2 mm and a maximum mesiodistal width basally of 4 mm. The root is broken at its base. The presence of a sharp demarcation, either swelling or cingulum, almost at the same level on each crown surface together with the mesiodistal symmetry of the tooth lead us to refer this tooth to a stegosaurian (Billon-Bruyat et al. 2010). Nevertheless, the morphology of the crown is quite distinct from that of other known stegosaur teeth. As in Huayangosaurus, the base of the crown is sharply differentiated from the root by a prominent swelling, but there is no true ring-shaped cingulum as in other stegosaurs (Sereno & Dong 1992). In labial view, a single rounded median protuberance is present, but there are no well-defined ridges. A broad, 45° angled wear surface is present above the bulbous crown base on the labial side and has truncated a part of the dentary crown, so that the denticles are no longer visible (Fig. 23D). Vertical coarse ridges, semicircular in cross section and divided by narrow grooves are visible in lingual view. A dozen cervical vertebrae, including the axis as well as four dorsal and two caudal vertebrae have been collected (Fig. 23 F-J). The neural arches are often broken, probably due to trampling (Rozada et al. 2021), and numerous neural spines or transverse processes are found isolated. The axial skeleton shows some features permitting clarification of the phylogenetic position of the Angeac-Charente stegosaur. The transverse processes of dorsal vertebrae project at a high angle to the horizontal as in all Thyreophoroidea (Fig. 23I), and the prezygapophyses are fused on some dorsal vertebrae as in most Eurypoda. The dorsal centra are wider than long (ANG 15-3937, centrum witdh 126 mm; centrum length 95 mm). This is a feature diagnostic of Dacentrurus according to Galton (1985) and Maidment et al. (2008), and of Dacentrurinae (Dacentrurus + Miragaia) (Mateus et al. 2009; Costa & Mateus 2019). Cervical ribs are fused to para– and diapophyses in at least two cervical vertebrae. This feature is also diagnostic of Dacentrurinae (Mateus et al. 2009; Costa & Mateus 2019). A taxonomic revision of the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous European stegosaurs is beyond the scope of this paper. However, if we acknowledge the existence of several species of stegosaurs closely related to Dacentrurus (Costa & Mateus 2019), we concur with Cobos et al. (2010) that, given the available diagnostic characters, and despite the discovery of a new specimen of Miragaia (Costa & Mateus 2019), Dacentrurus and Miragaia cannot be clearly differentiated at a generic level, at this time. Moreover, we do not understand the taxonomical logic of creating, on the one hand the new European genus, Miragaia, and the new sub-family Dacentrurinae, while the original diagnostic characters of Dacentrurus, such as dorsal vertebral centra that are wider transversely than they are long anteroposteriorly (see Galton 1985; Maidment et al. 2008), largely encompass Miragaia, and on the other hand, synonymizing a third American genus Alcovasaurus with Miragaia (Costa & Mateus 2019). Pending the complete description and revision of the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous European stegosaur material and a phylogenetic analysis of the specimens concerned, we still prefer to synonymize Miragaia with Dacentrurus (Cobos et al. 2010), which is not incompatible with the results of phylogenetic analyses (Raven & Maidment 2017). Thus, based on Costa & Mateus (2019), the Angeac-Charente stegosaur may be more closely related to Dacentrurus longicollum (comb. nov.), because the cervical transverse processes of a posterior cervical vertebra project ventral to the ventral margin of the prezygapophyses. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to assess the condition of this feature in D. armatus, given that only one half of a neural arch is preserved in the type species (Owen 1875; Galton 1985). In any case, the Angeac-Charente taxon is closely related to the English, Spanish and Portuguese stegosaurs, and it is the youngest occurrence of Dacentrurus. In addition to bony remains, about 100 stegosaur natural track casts in a range of sizes have been identified and documented on a single bedding plane in the CG3 plot, and assign to the ichnotaxon Deltapodus (Rozada 2019; Rozada et al. 2021)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 714, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["SERENO P. C. & DONG Z. 1992. - The skull of the basal stegosaur Huayangosaurus taibaii and a cladistic diagnosis of Stegosauria. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12: 318 - 343. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4523456","ROZADA L., ALLAIN R., VULLO R., AUGIER D., GOEDERT J., JEAN A., ROYO- TORRES R., QVARNSTROM M., PEYRE DE FABREGUES C. & MARCHAL J. 2021. - A Lower Cretaceous Lagerstatte from Western Europe: taphonomical overview of the vertebrate assemblage of Angeac-Charente site (Western France). Lethaia 54: 141 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / let. 12394","GALTON P. M. 1985. - British plated dinosaurs (Ornithischia, Stegosauridae). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 5 (3): 211 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.1985.10011859","MAIDMENT S. C., NORMAN D. B., BARRETT P. M. & UPCHURCH P. 2008. - Systematics and phylogeny of Stegosauria (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6: 367 - 407. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477201908002459","MATEUS O., MAIDMENT S. C. & CHRISTIANSEN N. A. 2009. - A new long-necked ' sauropod-mimic'stegosaur and the evolution of the plated dinosaurs. Proceedings of the royal society B: biological sciences 276: 1815 - 1821. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2008.1909","COSTA F. & MATEUS O. 2019. - Dacentrurine stegosaurs (Dinosauria): A new specimen of Miragaia longicollum from the Late Jurassic of Portugal resolves taxonomical validity and shows the occurrence of the clade in North America. PloS one 14 (11): e 0224263. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0224263","COBOS A., ROYO- TORRES R., LUQUE L., ALCALA L. & MAMPEL L. 2010. - An Iberian stegosaurs paradise: The Villar del Arzobispo Formation (Tithonian-Berriasian) in Teruel (Spain). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 293 (1 - 2): 223 - 236. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2010.05.024","RAVEN T. J. & MAIDMENT S. C. 2017. - A new phylogeny of Stegosauria (Dinosauria, Ornithischia). Palaeontology 60: 401 - 408. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / pala. 12291","OWEN R. 1875. - Monographs on the Fossil Reptilia of the Mesozoic Formations. Part II. (Genera Bothriospondylus, Cetiosaurus, Omosaurus). The Palaeontographical society, London: 15 - 93 (Monograph of the Palaeontological Society; 29).","ROZADA L. 2019. - Taphonomie de l'assemblage de macrorestes fossiles de vertebres du Lagerstatte d'Angeac-Charente (Cretace inferieur, Charente, France). PhD Thesis, Paris, Museum national d'histoire naturelle, 283 p."]}

Goniopholis sp. (Fig. 18) DESCRIPTION In addition to fragmentary cranial remains and numerous isolated teeth, a nearly complete skull and mandibular elements (ANG1 8-5914, 5920, 5921 and 5925) of a single individual have been excavated and prepared in 2018 (Fig. 18). The skull is broken transversally in front of the orbits and the rostrum is split longitudinally along the nasals and premaxillae. The associated mandible preserves both dentaries. In comparison with other goniopholidids from Europe, this skull is notable for its exquisite preservation, being minimally compacted dorsoventrally. Based on recent works (Salisbury et al. 1999; Schwarz 2002; Andrade et al. 2011; Buscalioni et al. 2013; Puértolas-Pascual et al. 2015; Martin et al. 2016a), several diagnostic characters used in combination permit assignment of this specimen to Goniopholididae, including: 1) a mesorostrine condition with a rostrum to skull ratio c. 0.65; 2) constricted outline of the upper jaw at the level of the premaxillary-maxillary suture; 3) double-caniniform maxillary teeth 4+5; 4) confluent dentary alveoli 3+4; 5) orbits smaller than supratemporal fenestrae and slightly smaller than frontal width at interorbital level; 6) skull table and dorsal surface of quadratojugal and jugal densely covered by large circular cupules; 7) internal choanae anteriorly bound by palatines; 8) semi-arched and widely expanded premaxillae with fifth alveolus more laterally placed than the rest of the premaxillary tooth row; and 9) absence of contact between ectopterygoid and posterior margin of maxillary tooth row. The Angeac-Charente specimen (ANG18-5914, 5920, 5921 and 5925) also exhibits several characters that permit provisional assignment to the genus Goniopholis. Among these, antorbital and interorbital ornamentation is informative. The presence of periorbital crests on the prefrontal and lacrimal are present in Goniopholis (Andrade & Hornung 2011) but absent in Anteophthalmosuchus and Hulkepholis (Salisbury & Naish 2011; Buscalioni et al. 2013; Martin et al. 2016a). The interorbital ridge is restricted to the frontal in Hulkepholis (Salisbury & Naish 2011; Buscalioni et al. 2013). In the Angeac-Charente specimen, the presence of both antorbital and interorbital crests is also a character shared with Goniopholis. A short postorbital spine is present in the Angeac-Charente specimen, a condition similar to other specimens of the genus Goniopholis (Salisbury et al. 1999; Schwarz 2002; Andrade et al. 2011) but unlike Anteophthalmosuchus in which this spine is longer, almost contacting the anterior margin of the orbits (Salisbury & Naish 2011; Martin et al. 2016a). The Angeac-Charente specimen is also similar in its maxillary tooth count (20) to Goniopholis kiplingi (Andrade et al. 2011) and with Anteophthalmosuchus, which possesses 19 alveoli (Martin et al. 2016a). The maxillary alveolar count has not been established for Goniopholis simus (Salisbury et al. 1999). However, this count is less than that of the goniopholidid Hulkepholis willetti, in which at least 24 maxillary alveoli are present (Salisbury & Naish 2011). Obvious differences in rostrum proportions are observed with Vectisuchus and Hulkepholis, which possess long and narrow rostra (Buffetaut & Hutt 1980; Salisbury & Naish 2011; Buscalioni et al. 2013). As in Anteophthalmosuchus and Goniopholis, the palpebral in the specimen from Angeac-Charente is small and not large and triangular as in Hulkepholis (Salisbury & Naish 2011; Buscalioni et al. 2013; Martin et al. 2016a). Comparison with Nannosuchus will not be discussed here as this taxon has been viewed either as a juvenile of Goniopholis (Salisbury 2002) or as a valid taxon (Andrade et al. 2011). Therefore, considering the characters mentioned above, we tentatively refer the Angeac-Charente specimens to Goniopholis sp. A detailed description of the Angeac-Charente material will be provided elsewhere. In the meantime, a study of the numerous goniopholid specimens from Cherves-de-Cognac and assigned to Goniopholis (Raslan-Loubatié 2007) will provide a useful basis for discussing morphological variability within a goniopholidid population. Preliminary observations concerning the Angeac-Charente specimen do not reveal any obvious morphological differences between the goniopholidids at both localities but further study is required., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 704-706, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["SALISBURY S. W., WILLIS P. M. A., PEITZ S. & SANDER P. M. 1999. - The crocodilian Goniopholis simus from the lower Cretaceous of north-western Germany. Special Papers in Palaeontology 60: 121 - 148.","SCHWARZ D. 2002. - A New Species of Goniopholis from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. Palaeontology 45: 185 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / 1475 - 4983.00233","ANDRADE M. B. & HORNUNG J. J. 2011. - A new look into the periorbital morphology of Goniopholis (Mesoeucrocodylia: Neosuchia) and related forms. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31 (2): 352 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2011.550353","BUSCALIONI A. D., ALCALA L., ESPILEZ E. & MAMPEL L. 2013. - European Goniopholididae from the Early Albian Escucha Formation in Arino (Teruel, Aragon, Spain). Spanish Journal of Palaeontology 28: 103 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.7203 / sjp. 28.1.17835","MARTIN J. E., DELFINO M. & SMITH T. 2016 a. - Osteology and affinities of Dollo's goniopholidid (Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Early Cretaceous of Bernissart, Belgium. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 (6): e 1222534. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0272 4634.2016. 1222534","SALISBURY S. W. & NAISH D. 2011. - Crocodilians, in EnglishWealden Fossils. The Palaeontological Association, London: 305 - 369.","BUFFETAUT E. & HUTT S. 1980. - Vectisuchus leptognathus, n. g. n. sp., a slender-snouted goniopholid crocodilian from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Monatshefte 7: 385 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / njgpm / 1980 / 1980 / 385","SALISBURY S. W. 2002. - Crocodilians from the lower Cretaceous (Berriasian) Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, Southern England. Special Papers in Palaeontology 68: 121 - 144."]}

cf. Nuthetes sp. (Fig. 28 E-G) DESCRIPTION Several isolated dromaeosaurid teeth, including the two reported here (ANG M-61; ANG M-45), were recovered following sampling and screening-washing of a gravel lens, rich in lignite and fossil bone remains (Fig. 28 E-G). These teeth lack a serrated mesial carina, as in Tsaagan mangas (Norell et al. 2006) and some teeth of Nuthetes destructor (Milner 2002). ANG M-61 is a complete tooth crown, and is more rounded. It is strongly recurved and its distal carina runs along half the length of the lingual face of the crown (Fig. 28G). There are 32 denticles per 5 mm on distal carina. This tooth is identified as a mesial tooth. ANG M-45 is the apical part of a second tooth (Fig. 28 E-F). Its crown is more labiolingually compressed, and this tooth is identified as a lateral tooth. The distal carina bears numerous distinct denticles. In both teeth, the enamel surface is devoid of ornamentation. Teeth identical in every way to those of Angeac-Charente have also been reported from the Berriasian of Cherves-de-Cognac (Pouech 2008) and from the Tithonian of Chassiron (Vullo et al. 2014). All these teeth from Charente are similar to those of the dromaeosaurid Nuthetes destructor from the Purbeck Group of southern England (Milner 2002), and are tentatively referred to this genus., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["NORELL M. A., CLARK J. M., TURNER A. H., MAKOVICKY P. J., BARSBOLD R. & ROWE T. 2006. - A new dromaeosaurid theropod from Ukhaa Tolgod (Omnogov, Mongolia). American Museum Novitates 3545: 1 - 51. https: // doi. org / d 4 f 9 k 8","MILNER A. C. 2002. - Theropod dinosaurs of the Purbeck limestone group, Southern England. Special Papers in Palaeontology 68: 191 - 202.","POUECH J. 2008. - Position des mammiferes dans les ecosystemes mesozoIques d'Europe occidentale: Le site de Cherves-de-Cognac (Berriasien, Charente, France). Unpublished PhD Thesis, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 311 p.","VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003"]}

cf. Cteniogenys (Fig. 16 A-E) DESCRIPTION A characteristic robust vertebra (Fig. 16 A-C), as well as a smaller vertebra that probably belongs to a juvenile individual (Fig. 16D, E), have been discovered among the microremains. Both centra are amphicoelous, with an opened neurocentral suture. Dorsally, a distinct longitudinal ridge is laterally bordered by longitudinal grooves on the floor of the neural canal (Fig. 16A). In ventral view, the lower half of the centrum is pinched into a keel (Fig. 16D). The margins of the cotyle are thick (Fig. 16E). All these characters are reminiscent of choristoderan reptiles (Evans 1991; Averianov et al. 2006; Vullo et al. 2014; Haddoumi et al. 2016; Lasseron et al. 2020). ANG M-20 is nearly identical to the vertebra of Cteniogenys figured by Evans & Milner (1994: fig.18.5). Hence, it is here tentatively assigned to this genus, although this identification needs to be substantiated with additional material. These freshwater or amphibious diapsids are well known in Laurasia (Matsumoto et al. 2013), but have also been reported from the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition of North Africa (Lasseron et al. 2020). In the Lower Cretaceous of Asia, the diversity and abundance of choristoderans is particularly high in the faunal assemblages, in which crocodyliforms are scarce (Matsumoto et al. 2015; Skutschas & Vitenko 2017). Conversely, the abundance and diversity of crocodyliforms at Angeac-Charente may explain the scaricity of choristoderans., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 703, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["EVANS S. E. 1991. - The postcranial skeleton of the choristodere Cteniogenys (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Middle Jurassic of England. Geobios 24 (2): 187 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (91) 80006 - L","AVERIANOV A. O., MARTIN T., EVANS S. E. & BAKIROV A. A. 2006. - First Jurassic Choristodera from Asia. Naturwissenschaften 93 (1): 46 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00114 - 005 - 0061 - 2","VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003","HADDOUMI H., ALLAIN R., MESLOUH S., METAIS G., MONBARON M., PONS D., RAGE J. - C., VULLO R., ZOUHRI S. & GHEERBRANT E. 2016. - Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): first continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa. Gondwana Research 29: 290 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. gr. 2014.12.004","LASSERON M., ALLAIN R., GHEERBRANT E., HADDOUMI H., JALIL N. - E., METAIS G., RAGE J. - C., VULLO R. & ZOUHRI S. 2020. - New data on the microvertebrate fauna from the Upper Jurassic or lowest Cretaceous of Ksar Metlili (Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco). Geological Magazine 157 (3): 367 - 392. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756819000761","EVANS S. E. & MILNER A. R. 1994. - Microvertebrate faunas from the Middle Jurassic of Britain, in FRASER N. & SUES H. - D. (eds), In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods. CambridgeUniversity Press, Cambridge: 303 - 321.","MATSUMOTO R., BUFFETAUT E., ESCUILLIE F, HERVET S. & EVANS S. E. 2013. - New material of the choristodere Lazarussuchus (Diapsida, Choristodera) from the Paleocene of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (2): 319 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.10 80 / 02724634.2012.716274","MATSUMOTO R., MANABE M. & EVANS S. E. 2015. - The first record of a long-snouted choristodere (Reptilia, Diapsida) from the Early Cretaceous of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Historical Biology 27: 583 - 594. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 08912963.2014.898296","SKUTSCHAS P. P. & VITENKO D. D. 2017. - Early Cretaceous choristoderes (Diapsida, Choristodera) from Siberia, Russia. Cretaceous Research 77: 79 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2017.05.004"]}

Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique, Bailly, Gilles (2022): Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J/K boundary. Geodiversitas 44 (25): 683-752, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25

Anura indet. (Fig. 10) DESCRIPTION Despite a swampy paleoenvironment that might be suitable for their occurrence and preservation, anurans are relatively scarce among the microvertebrate material from Angeac-Charente. In Angeac-Charente, anurans are represented by isolated, fragmentary bones, such as fused zeugopods (Fig. 10A, B) and urostyles (Fig. 10C, D) Among fused zeugopods, some are sufficiently well preserved to allow their identification.For instance, the general shape and length (even if the proximal part is missing) of specimen ANG M-63 (Fig. 10A, B), as well as several other features, allow its identification as a tibiofibula (Thomas 1996): presence of a tibiofibular groove, deeper on the anterior face, between the fused zeugopod, and presence of a tibial crest on the anterior face (Fig. 10A). Among well-known Early Cretaceous anuran families are the Alytidae (= “ Discoglossidae ”), but within this family, the tibia and fibula remain unfused (Roček 2000), unlike the Angeac-Charente specimen. The specimen ANG M-64 (Fig. 10C, D) bears two broad and flattened articular facets anteriorly, and a small crest arises from its dorsal face. Four weakly marked ridges can be seen alongside this small crest, two on each side (Fig. 9C). This morphology identifies it as a urostyle. To date, incompleteness of the material limits comparisons with other Mesozoic anurans., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 695-697, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["THOMAS S. C. 1996. - Differentiation of selected frog (Rana) and toad (Bufo) using morphological and osteometric traits. Canadian Zooarchaeology 10: 2 - 8.","ROCEK Z. 2000. - Mesozoic anurans, in HEATWOLE H. & CAR- ROLL R. L. (eds), Amphibian Biology. Volume 4. Palaeontology - The Evolutionary History of Amphibians. Surrey Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton, 1496 p."]}

Gobiconodon ? sp. (Fig. 32A, B) DESCRIPTION Within the eutriconodontan material from Angeac-Charente, the specimen ANG M-21 (Fig. 32A, B) consists of an isolated tooth crown, the main central cusp a being surrounded by two unequal cusps b and c (see figures 4.7 and 7.2 by Crompton & Jenkins [1968] and Kielan-Jaworowska et al. [2004] respectively for an explanation of the cusp-numbering system). The root is missing but the tooth was probably uniradiculate. The crown is labiolingually compressed and the lingual face appears almost planar in occlusal view, while the labial face is convex at its base (Fig. 32A). There is no trace of either a labial or lingual cingulid. Cusp a dominates the crown and is triangular in lateral profile (Fig. 32B). Its mesial surface is rounded, but its distal edge shows a well-defined crest (Fig. 32A). An oval wear facet can be observed on the labiodistal surface of cusp a (Fig. 32A). Cups b is smaller than cusp c; it is also placed higher relatively to cusp a and less separated from it than cusp c. The apex of cusp c appears to be slightly flexed labially. Both cusps b and c bear small labially oriented wear facets. The presence of a probably single root indicates a tooth from the anterior dentition, but the well-developed accessory cusps show that it is a distal premolar and not a more mesial tooth. Among Laurasian Early Cretaceous mammals, single-rooted distal premolars are only seen within the Gobiconodontidae family (Sweetman 2006). Moreover, the specimen ANG M-21 closely resembles the gobiconodontid distal premolar (possibly right p4) described by Sweetman (2006) in the Early Cretaceous Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, southern England, and tentatively referred to Gobiconodon. Considering this, and the general morphology of ANG M-21 (tricuspid tooth with mesiodistally aligned cusps; dominant cusp a and small but well-developed accessory cusps; labial inflation of the crown; lack of cingulid), the specimen is identified as a left distal premolar, probably a p3 (as the accessory cusps are less developed than in the possible p4 described by Sweetman [2006]), of a gobiconodontid mammal, and is tentatively referred to Gobiconodon., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 728, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["CROMPTON A. W. & JENKINS F. A. 1968. - Molar occlusion in Late Triassic mammals. Biological Reviews 43 (4): 427 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 185 x. 1968. tb 00966. x","SWEETMAN S. C. 2006. - A gobiconodontid (Mammalia, Gobiconodontidae) from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, southern Britain. Palaeontology 49 (4): 889 - 897. http: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2006.00564. x"]}

Sunnyodon sp. (Fig. 33I, J) DESCRIPTION ANG M-04 is roughly oval in shape and has only two rows of cusps, with four main lingual cusps, and two main labial cusps and one posterior labial cuspule (Fig. 33I, J). It also possesses an incipient distal lingual ridge, with a small cuspule. All these features led us to assign this tooth to the genus Sunnyodon, a monospecific genus, S. notleyi, based on a single?P5 from the Berriasian of the Purbeck Group in England (Kielan-Jaworowska & Ensom, 1992). The Angeac-Charente tooth differs from the latter by the labial cusps that are more anteriorly located, whereas they are arranged symmetrically at the middle of the tooth length in S. notleyi, and by the absence of the anterior labial cuspule (Fig. 33I). This difference could be explained by the fact that these teeth belong to two different loci and/or two different species. This tooth is considered here to be a?P4 and it is referred to Sunnyodon sp., although the validity of this genus can be debated. An upper posterior premolar of Sunnyodon has also been reported from the Berriasian strata of the Rabekke Formation on the island of Bornholm, Denmark (Lindgren et al. 2004)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 730, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["LINDGREN J., REES J., SIVERSON M. & CUNY G. 2004. - The first Mesozoic mammal from Scandinavia. Geologiska Foreningens Forhandlingar 126: 325 - 330. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11035890401264325"]}

Hylaeochelys belli ? (Mantell, 1844) (Fig. 12 C-H) DESCRIPTION The third turtle taxon is represented by many isolated plates and one incomplete specimen discovered in 2018, consisting of parts of the plastron, some peripherals and both humeri (Fig. 12 C-H). The shell bone surface is nearly smooth with shallow grooves, which clearly distinguishes this taxon from the two others previously described. The shell bones are relatively thin. The vertebral scutes are very wide and cover more than half of the costals laterally. The neurals are narrow and elongated, especially in the mid-posterior part of the carapace. The plastron bears a central plastral fontanelle. The mesoplastron is absent. The humerus shape is unremarkable and similar to that recently described in Late Jurassic thalassochelydians (e.g., Püntener et al. 2014, 2017). Based on the available characters, this form is possibly closely related to the Early Cretaceous (Purbeck and Wealden of the United Kingdom) thalassochelydian Hylaeochelys belli (Lydekker 1889; Hirayama et al. 2000; Pérez-García 2012; Pérez-García & Ortega 2014; Anquetin & André 2020). Hylaeochelys belli is generally considered to be a freshwater turtle based on the sedimentary contexts of the localities in which it occurs (Milner et al. 2012; Pérez-García & Ortega 2014; Anquetin & André 2020). Most of the Angeac-Charente material represents juveniles or sub-adults, which may suggest that the swampy environment was a rookery for this turtle., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 701, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["MANTELL G. A. 1844. - The Medals of Creation; or, First Lessons in Geology, and in the Study of Organic Remains. Vol. 2. Henry G. Bohn, London.","PUNTENER C., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOCAT L., BERGER J. - P. & JOYCE W. G. 2014. - Taxonomy and phylogeny of the turtle Tropidemys langii Rutimeyer, 1873 based on new specimens from the Kimmeridgian of the Swiss Jura Mountains. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 353 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1 080 / 02724634.2013.804412","ANQUETIN J., PUNTENER C. & JOYCE W. G. 2017. - A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Thalassochelydia. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 58: 317 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.3374 / 014.058.0205","LYDEKKER R. 1889. - Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III, The Order Chelonia. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 239 p.","HIRAYAMA R., BRINKMAN D. B. & DANILOV I. G. 2000. - Distribution and biogeography of non-marine Cretaceous turtles. Russian Journal of Herpetology 7: 181 - 198.","ANQUETIN J. & ANDRE C. 2020. - The last surviving Thalassochelydia - A new turtle cranium from the Early Cretaceous of the Purbeck Group (Dorset, UK). PaleorXiv: 7 pa 5 c, version 3, peer-reviewed by PCI Paleo. https: // doi. org / 10.31233 / osf. io / 7 pa 5 c","MILNER A. R., EDMONDS R. P. & GODDEN M. 2012. - The turtle genus Hylaeochelys from the Portland Stone Formation of Dorset. Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy: 28 - 29."]}

Helochelydridae indet. (Fig. 12A, B) DESCRIPTION In Angeac-Charente, helochelydrids are mostly represented by incomplete isolated shell elements covered by typical tubercles, pustules and crests (Fig. 12A, B) that diagnose this clade (Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga 1999; Joyce 2017). Probably based on the previous stratigraphical claim by Néraudeau et al. (2012) that Angeac-Charente was Hauterivian-Barremian in age, Joyce (2017) provisionally referred this material to Helochelydra nopcsai, a species otherwise diagnosed by a shell surface ornamentation consisting of distinct, easily dislocated tubercles. Our observations reveal, however, that the helochelydrid material from Angeac-Charente usually displays distinct tubercles that do not easily dislocate. This ornamentation is more similar to the morphotypes of “ Helochelydra ” anglica and “ Helochelydra ” bakewelli (Joyce 2017), respectively from the Purbeck Group (Berriasian) of Dorset and the Wealden (Valanginian) of Sussex, United Kingdom (Joyce et al. 2011). That being said, the systematics of Early Cretaceous helochelydrids remains highly confused. For that reason, the helochelydrid material from Angeac-Charente is herein conservatively referred to Helochelydridae indet. The posterior part of a large carapace collected in 2018 and 2020 provides new information on the morphology of the helochelydrid from Angeac-Charente. However, the material is not fully prepared yet and will be described in more detail elsewhere. A raised midline keel on the posterior neurals is clearly observable, which is a character shared with other helochelydrids (Lydekker 1889; Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga 1999; Milner 2004; Vullo et al. 2010; Joyce et al. 2014; Joyce 2017; Pérez-García et al. 2020). The general morphology resembles that of other species in which this region is sufficiently known, such as “ Helochelydra ” anglica, Naomichelys speciosa, Aragochersis lignitesta, and Solemys vermiculata (Lydekker 1889; Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga 1999; Milner 2004; Joyce et al. 2014; Joyce 2017; Pérez-García et al. 2020). Neurals V and VI are elongate and hexagonal. Neurals VII and VIII are probably fused. They are wide and hexagonal anteriorly and posteriorly, and narrower on the midline. There are three suprapygals, which are reminiscent of the condition in FMNH PR273, a nearly complete specimen referred to the North American species Naomichelys speciosa. However, the number of suprapygals is known to be rather variable in basal turtles. The morphology of the suprapygals and pygal differs from other known helochelydrids, but detailed comparisons are needed in order to assess the systematic value of these characters. The shell surface sculpturing is less prominent on the neurals and becomes more pronounced on the distal part of the costals and on the peripherals, suprapygals, and pygal. Helochelydrids are considered by numerous authors to be terrestrial forms (Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga 1999; Joyce et al. 2011; Scheyer et al. 2015). They are known to have limbs and neck covered with osteoderms (Barrett et al. 2002; Joyce et al. 2014; Scheyer et al. 2015). Such osteoderms have also been found at Angeac-Charente. Known cranial material suggests a durophagous diet, although it is still unclear exactly which hard-shelled food elements these turtles fed on (Joyce et al. 2011, 2014)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 697-700, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & MURELAGA X. 1999. - Turtles from the Upper Cretaceous of Lano (Iberian Peninsula). Estudios del Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Alava 14: 135 - 211.","JOYCE W. G. 2017. - A Review of the Fossil Record of Basal Mesozoic Turtles. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 58: 65 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.3374 / 014.058.0105","NERAUDEAU D., ALLAIN R., BALLEVRE M., BATTEN D. J., BUFFE- TAUT E., COLIN J. P., DABARD M. P., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., EL ALBANI A., GOMEZ B., GROSHENY D., LE LoeUFF J., LEPRINCE A., MARTIN- CLOSAS C., MASURE E., MAZIN J. - M., PHILIPPE M., POUECH J., TONG H., TOURNEPICHE J. - F. & VULLO R. 2012. - The Hauterivian-Barremian lignitic bone bed of Angeac (Charente, SW France): stratigraphical, palaeobiological and palaeogeographical implications. Cretaceous Research 37: 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.006","JOYCE W. G., CHAPMAN S. D., MOODY R. T. J. & WALKER C. A. 2011. - The skull of the solemydid turtle Helochelydra nopcsai from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight (UK) and a review of Solemydidae. Special Papers in Palaeontology 86: 75 - 97.","MANTELL G. A. 1844. - The Medals of Creation; or, First Lessons in Geology, and in the Study of Organic Remains. Vol. 2. Henry G. Bohn, London.","LYDEKKER R. 1889. - Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III, The Order Chelonia. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 239 p.","MILNER A. R. 2004. - The turtles of the Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, southern England. Palaeontology 47 (6): 1441 - 1467. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0031 - 0239.2004.00418. x","VULLO R., LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE, NERAUDEAU D. & DUR- RIEU N. 2010. - Turtles from the Early Cenomanian paralic deposits (Late Cretaceous) of Charentes, France. Oryctos 9: 37 - 48.","JOYCE W. G., STERLI J. & CHAPMAN S. D. 2014. - The skeletal morphology of the solemydid turtle Naomichelys speciosa from the Early Cretaceous of Texas. Journal of Paleontology 88 (6): 1257 - 1287. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 14 - 002","SCHEYER T. M., PEREZ- GARCIA A. & MURELAGA X. 2015. - Shell bone histology of solemydid turtles (stem Testudines): palaeoecological implications. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 15: 199 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 014 - 0188 - 0","BARRETT P. M., CLARKE J. B., BRINKMAN D. B., CHAPMAN S. D. & ENSOM P. C. 2002. - Morphology, histology and identification of the ' granicones' from the Purbeck Limestone Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Berriasian) of Dorset, southern England. Cretaceous Research 23: 279 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / cres. 2002.1002"]}

Bernissartiidae indet. (Figs 17E; 19 A-C) DESCRIPTION Several mesiodistally elongate, bulbous and low-crowned isolated teeth have been recovered at Angeac-Charente (Figs 17E; 19 A-C) and their morphology is reminiscent of the tribodont condition described for the small neosuchian Bernissartia (Buffetaut & Ford 1979; Martin et al. 2020). An incomplete left jugal (ANG15R-1205) is inflated on its lateral surface and might also belong to a bernissartiid. A small osteoderm (ANG16- 4907) also resemble the dorsal row of osteoderms figured by Buffetaut (1975) in Bernissartia fagesii. Here, the specimen is slightly wider than long although it is not as rectangular as in Bernissartia fagesii. A double-keel runs on its dorsal surface and an anterolateral process is present. The recently described bernissartiid Koumpiodontosuchus aprosdokiti (Sweetman et al. 2015) also shares tribodont teeth with Bernissartia fagesii and, for this reason, we cannot yet ascertain a generic or specific attribution for the Angeac-Charente material., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 707, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["BUFFETAUT E. & FORD R. L. E. 1979. - The crocodilian Bernissartia in the Wealden of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontology 22: 905 - 912.","MARTIN J. E., SMITH T., SALAVIALE C., ADRIEN J. & DELFINO M. 2020. - Virtual reconstruction of the skull of Bernissartia fagesii and current understanding of the neosuchian-eusuchian transition. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (13): 1079 - 1101. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2020.1731722","BUFFETAUT E. 1975. - Sur l'anatomie et la position systematique de Bernissartia fagesii Dollo, L., 1883, crocodilien du Wealdien de Bernissart, Belgique. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 51: 1 - 20.","SWEETMAN S. C., PEDREIRA- SEGADE U. & VIDOVIC S. U. 2015. - A new bernissartiid crocodyliform from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation (Wealden Group, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60: 257 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00038.2013"]}

Pinheirodontidae indet. (Fig. 33 A-H, M-P) DESCRIPTION Most of the multituberculate teeth discovered in Angeac-Charente can be referred to the family Pinheirodontidae, but it has not been possible to refer them to any existing genera. The material figured here includes a left p4 (ANG M-72), a left P1 (ANG M-03), a right P2 (ANG M-06), a left P3 (ANG M-22), a left?m2 (ANG M-105) and a left M2 (ANG M-32) (Fig. 33 A-H, M-P). The most mesial part of the blade-like p4 (ANG M-72) is missing (Fig. 33A). It possesses at least six serrations, and no basal labial cusp, a diagnostic feature of Pinheirodon (Hahn & Hahn 1999; Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004). Nevertheless, the Angeac-Charente specimen has a straight, vertical, distal margin (Fig. 33B), while the latter is strongly convex just above the root in Pinheirodon. The?m2 (ANG M-105) has a well-developed central basin. Labial cusps are missing and there are only two lingual cusps as in Bernardodon (Fig. 33N), whereas there are three in Pinheirodon (Hahn & Hahn 1999). Nevertheless, the tooth shape is considerably longer than wide, and precludes assigning it to Bernardodon (Fig. 33M). The M2 (ANG M-32) shows a prominent anterolingual shelf (Fig. 33O), like that observed in the molars of Bernarodon and Pinheirodon (Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004). As in the latter two genera there are three lingual cusps, but ANG M-32 differs from other pinheirodontids in lacking the labial cusps (Fig. 33P; Hahn & Hahn 1999). The anterior upper premolars P1 (ANG M-03), P2 (ANG M-06) and P3 (ANG M-22) have 3-4 ribbed cusps arranged in two rows like in other “plagiaulacidans” (Fig. 33 C-H; Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004). They are not very diagnostic and only tentatively assigned here to Pinheirodontidae, based on their similarities with the pinheirodontid teeth described by Hahn & Hahn (1999: fig. 58).

Hypsilophodontidae indet. (Fig. 21E, F) DESCRIPTION Premaxillary tooth A well-preserved isolated hypsilophodontid crown (ANG M-119) only lacks its apex (Fig. 21E, F). In general shape, it is very similar to the aforementioned heterodontosaurid premaxillary teeth, but has a less bulbous morphology, bears denticles and lacks a wear facet on the lingual surface of the crown. Based on its shape, it is identified as a premaxillary tooth, the maxillary and dentary teeth being more quadrangular in shape (Norman et al. 2004: fig. 18.3). The crown is recurved folidont (Hendrickx et al. 2015a) and short, with a mesiodistal basal length of 3 mm and a preserved crown height of 4 mm. It appears quite similar to the premaxillary teeth of H. foxii figured by Galton (2009: fig. 2G, L-P). The crown is compressed labiolingually and has a slightly convex surface on both sides. At mid-height, the cross-section is elliptical. The main axis of the crown is recurved, so that in lingual and labial views, the apex appears distal to the midpoint of the base of the crown. Both the mesial and distal margins are mesially and distally expanded respectively at their base. However, the mesial margin is convex, whereas the distal margin is concave for most of its length. The carinae extend from the apex along two-thirds of the crown and bear a series of fine, bulbous denticles. The mesial carina is damaged, but all the denticles are visible on the distal border. The density of the denticles is approximately 6 per mm. The crown surfaces have a relatively smooth texture. The crown enamel does not extend further basally on one particular side as for dentary teeth (see below). There is a visible constriction forming a cervix, at the base of the root. Maxillary tooth One well-preserved and complete isolated hypsilophodontid maxillary tooth (ANG 10-153) (Fig. 21 I-L) has been recovered from Angeac-Charente. It is 27 mm long with the root being twice as long as the crown. The crown is sub-quadrangular and short, with a mesiodistal basal length of 6 mm and a crown height of 10 mm. It looks similar to the maxillary crown of H. foxii (Galton 1974: fig. 14a, b). The crown is expanded mesiodistally, compressed labiolingually, and has a sub-oval cross section at mid height. The lingual surface is relatively flat, whereas the labial surface bears a longitudinal concavity in the central area of the crown and is convex mesiodistally. In lingual and labial views, the main axis of the crown is straight, but the apex is displaced distally relatively to the midpoint of the crown base. The rounded apex is however not distally bent, but strictly ventrally oriented. The mesial and distal margins are subparallel, even if the mesial margin is slightly convex, whereas the distal one is straight with a small angle at mid-height. The carinae are located on the upper portions of the mesial and distal edges, and on the apical border of the crown. The tooth carinae are covered by small denticles throughout their length, in contrast to the H. foxii tooth figured by Galton (1974: fig. 14a, b), in which the apical border is worn and, therefore lacks denticles. The mesial carina is damaged, but probably exhibited denticles. The distal and apical carinae exhibit large and regular denticles, at a frequency of approximately 1 per mm. They are rounded in shape, apicobasally oriented and their size slightly increases towards the apex. The denticles on the apical margin are smoothly worn and, consequently, an extended single and oblique wear facet is visible on the dorsal part of the lingual surface. There is no wear on the labial surface, but small ridges extend ventrally to denticles, towards the crown base. The longest visible is almost 6 mm long and is directly mesial to the apex. The enamel texture is relatively smooth, except towards the base of the crown where it is more irregular. The crown enamel is clearly more basally extended on the labial side than on the lingual side of the tooth. Consequently, the base of the crown appears swollen on the labial surface and forms an incipient cingulum, as in most basal euornithopods (Norman et al. 2004). At the level of the cervix, there is a constriction in labial and lingual views. It is not particularly pronounced, in which respect it differs from the condition observed in H. foxii (Galton 1974: fig. 14a, b). The root is long, tubular and narrower than the crown. Its mesiodistal width decreases towards the apex, whereas its labiolingual thickness is more or less equivalent on most of the root length and only decreases slightly towards the apex. Dentary tooth An isolated hypsilophodontid dentary crown, only lacking the apex, has also been recovered at Angeac-Charente, (ANG R-927; Fig. 21 G-H). The crown is straight folidont (Hendrickx et al. 2015a) and short, with a mesiodistal basal length of 4 mm and a preserved crown height of 5 mm. At mid-length, it has a semicircular cross-section. In lingual and labial views it is diamond-shaped, and the proportions and shape are quite similar to the dentary teeth of H. foxii (Galton 1974: fig. 15; 2009: fig. 3). The crown is compressed labiolingually, with a convex labial surface and a slightly concave lingual surface. The main axis of the crown is straight, and the apex was most likely directed strictly dorsally. The mesial and distal borders are strongly convex, forming an angle of approximately 100° at mid-height of the crown. The carinae extend from there towards the apex. They bear a series of large denticles. The denticles are regular and semicircular, and have an apicobasal orientation. Ventral to each denticle, a blunt ridge extends towards the crown base on the lingual surface. It seems that the same ridges are also present on the labial surface, but this cannot be assessed with certainty because the tooth is eroded. On the lingual surface, the longest and most pronounced ridge is positioned below the apex. On the labial surface, three subvertical and subparallel ridges are visible on the central area of the crown. The enamel texture is irregular. The crown enamel extends further basally on the labial side than on the lingual side. A marked constriction is visible at the base of the crown, as in the dentary teeth of H. foxii (Norman et al. 2004: fig. 18.3E)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 709-711, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["NORMAN D. B., SUES H. - D., WITMER L. M. & CORIA R. A. 2004. - Basal Ornithopoda, in WEISHAMPEL D. B., DODSON P. & OSMOLSKA H. (eds), The Dinosauria. Edition 2. University of California Press, Berkeley, 880 p.","HENDRICKX C., MATEUS O. & ARAUJO R. 2015 a. - A proposed terminology of theropod teeth (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35: e 982797. https: // doi. org / 10.108 0 / 02724634.2015.982797.","GALTON P. M. 2009. - Notes on Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, \" Camptosaurus \", \" Iguanodon \" - and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere. Revue de Paleobiologie 28: 211 - 273.","GALTON P. M. 1974. - The ornithischian dinosaur Hypsilophodon from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 25 (1): 1 - 152. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 2239368"]}

cf. Micropycnodon sp. (Fig. 6 A-C) DESCRIPTION Teeth attributed to Mesturidae, sub-circular to oval in occlusal view, are characterized by the presence of several small, sharp tubercles, arranged in rows or surrounding a shallow central depression (Fig. 6 A-C). A nearly complete, relatively broad vomerine dentition shows six tooth rows (Fig. 6A). Crown morphology and tooth arrangement are similar to those of Micropycnodon (Dunkle & Hibbard 1946; Cronin & Shimada 2019). Micropycnodon is known from the Late Cretaceous of North America, but similar genera (possibly subjective junior synonyms) known from the Early Jurassic of Germany (Grimmenodon; Stumpf et al. 2017) and the Early Cretaceous of Texas (Texasensis pro Callodus; Thurmond 1974; Özdikmen 2009) suggest a long temporal range for this lineage. The form in Angeac-Charente also occurs in the Purbeckian facies of Cherves-de-Cognac, and was described as “pycnodontiform tooth morphotype 10” by Pouech et al. (2015: fig. 8e-f)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 691, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["DUNKLE D. H. & HIBBARD C. H. 1946. - Some comments upon the structure of a Pycnodontid fish from the Upper Cretaceous of Kansas. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 39: 161 - 181.","CRONIN T. J. & SHIMADA K. 2019. - New anatomical information of the Late Cretaceous bony fish, Micropycnodon kansasensis (Actinopterygii: Pycnodontiformes), from the Niobrara Chalk of western Kansas, U. S. A. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 122: 19 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1660 / 062.122.0102","STUMPF S., ANSORGE J., PFAFF C. & KRIWET J. 2017. - Early Jurassic diversification of pycnodontiform fishes (Actinopterygii, Neopterygii) after the end-Triassic extinction event: evidence from a new genus and species, Grimmenodon aureum. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37: e 1344679. https: // doi. org / 10.108 0 / 02724634.2017.1344679","THURMOND J. T. 1974. - Lower vertebrate faunas of the Trinity Division in north-central Texas. Geoscience and Man 8: 103 - 129.","OZDIKMEN H. 2009. - Substitute names for some unicellular animal taxa (Protozoa). Munis Entomology & Zoology 4: 233 e 256.","POUECH J., MAZIN J. - M., CAVIN L., POYATO- ARIZA F. J. 2015. - A Berriasian actinopterygians fauna from Cherves-de-Cognac, France: biodiversity and palaeoenvironmental implications. Cretaceous Research 55: 32 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2015.01.001"]}

Ankylosauria indet. (Fig. 23 A-C) DESCRIPTION The ankylosaurs are only represented in Angeac-Charente by a single tooth (ANG 15-3980) and an osteoderm (ANG 18- 6585). The tooth (Fig. 23A, B) was collected in 2015 from the unit 3 of the CG 3 plot. The osteoderm (Fig. 23C) was found in 2018, in the CG 9 plot, at the base of the bonebed (unit 2 of Rozada et al. 2021). ANG 15-3980 consists of a nearly complete, but worn tooth crown, with only the basal part of the root attached. The crown height is 9 mm, and the maximum width at the crown base is 8.5 mm. The crown is folidont, labiolingually compressed, and slightly recurved posteriorly. The labial and lingual crown surfaces are smooth and swollen around the base. The base of the crown is raised on the labial side (Fig. 23B), while there is a distinct cingulum at the base of the lingual side (Fig. 23A). A broad primary ridge extends vertically from the swollen base on both sides of the crown to form the apex of the tooth. The mesial and distal carinae bear 6 denticles, but there is no evidence of fluting as in stegosaurs and many Late Cretaceous ankylosaurs. There is a slight constriction of the root just below the crown. ANG 15-3980 is nearly identical to NHMUK R 2940, which is an isolated tooth from the Purbeck Group of Lulworth Cove, Dorset, referred to an ankylosaur (Galton 1980, 1983). It is also similar to ankylosaur teeth reported from the Valanginian and Barremian of southern England (Blows & Honeysett 2014). Based on its shape and its size, ANG 18-6585 is clearly distinct from other osteoderms found in Angeac-Charente that belong either to turtles, crocodyliformes or scincomorphs (see above). It has a pentagonal shape, with a maximum length of c. 10 cm and a thickness of c. 15 mm. ANG 18-6585 possesses a marked keel on its exterior surface (Fig. 23C), while its base is nearly flat. The exterior surface of the osteoderm is marked with numerous grooves that give it a spongy texture. Such a morphology and structure have been reported in nodosaurid ankylosaurs (Blows 2001), and is very similar to the large ossicles observed on the sacral shield of Polacanthus from the Barremian of the Isle of Wight (Hulke 1887; Blows 1987, Pereda-Suberbiola 1994). Although the material is very limited, the discovery of ankylosaur remains at Angeac-Charente is significant because these animals are very rare in the European fossil record in Purbeckian facies. Except for the Lulworth tooth (Galton 1983) and a cervico-pectoral lateral spine associated with a distal humerus from the Early Valanginian of Gronau in Germany (Sachs & Hornung 2013), there are no other known ankylosaur remains in Europe around the Jurassic/ Cretaceous boundary.

TESTUDINATA Klein, 1760 PRELIMINARY STATEMENT Turtles are well represented in Angeac-Charente, notably by numerous isolated shell plates and bones of the axial and appendicular skeletons, and more rarely by articulated shell material (see Table 1; Fig. 35A). Only a few pieces of skulls, including a maxillary and a mandible, have been recovered. Néraudeau et al. (2012) have previously reported the presence of three distinct turtle taxa in Angeac-Charente: a pleurosternid, a solemydid (now helochelydrid), and a third taxon characterized by shell bones without surface ornamentation (Figs 12; 13). Since then, additional and more complete material confirms these preliminary conclusions (see below). The third taxon is now identified as a thalassochelydian., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 697, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["KLEIN I. T. 1760. - Klassification und kurze Geschichte der Vierfussigen Thiere [translation by F. D. Behn]. Jonas Schmidt, Lubeck, 381 p.","NERAUDEAU D., ALLAIN R., BALLEVRE M., BATTEN D. J., BUFFE- TAUT E., COLIN J. P., DABARD M. P., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., EL ALBANI A., GOMEZ B., GROSHENY D., LE LoeUFF J., LEPRINCE A., MARTIN- CLOSAS C., MASURE E., MAZIN J. - M., PHILIPPE M., POUECH J., TONG H., TOURNEPICHE J. - F. & VULLO R. 2012. - The Hauterivian-Barremian lignitic bone bed of Angeac (Charente, SW France): stratigraphical, palaeobiological and palaeogeographical implications. Cretaceous Research 37: 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.006"]}

Ionoscopiformes indet. (Fig. 8 E-G) DESCRIPTION Small, curved teeth with a pointed apex bearing two short, blunt carinae are assigned to an indeterminate ionoscopiform (Fig. 8 E-G). Small ganoid scales characterized by a finely serrated posterior margin may also belong to this group. Such a material is similar to that described from the Purbeckian beds of Chassiron (Vullo et al. 2014). As some recent studies suggest that Ionoscopiformes is not a monophyletic clade (Ebert2018; López-Arbarello & Sferco 2018), the material from Angeac-Charente is assigned to Ionoscopiformes sensu Grande & Bemis (1998)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 694, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003","EBERT M. 2018. - Cerinichthys koelblae, gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Jurassic of Cerin, France, and its phylogenetic setting, leading to a reassessment of the phylogenetic relationships of Halecomorphi (Actinopterygii). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 38 (1): e 1420071. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 027 24634.2017. 1420071","LOPEZ- ARBARELLO A. & SFERCO E. 2018. - Neopterygian phylogeny: the merger assay. Royal Society Open Science 5: 172337. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rsos. 172337","GRANDE L. & BEMIS W. E. 1998. - A comprehensive phylogenetic study of amiid fishes (Amiidae) based on comparative skeletal anatomy. An empirical search for interconnected patterns of natural history. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 (suppl. 1): 1 - 696."]}

Camptosauridae indet. (Fig. 22) DESCRIPTION Several diagnostic features allow the referral of the material described below to Camptosauridae, including: 1) lozengeshaped teeth with prominent vertical keel more strongly developed on maxillary teeth than on dentary teeth, several secondary vertical ridges on sculptured surface of crown with anterior and posterior ridges bordering the non-denticulate half of maxillary tooth crown, posterior ridge on equivalent part of dentary teeth (Galton & Powell 1980); and 2) femur robust, with a dorsally arched shaft, a midshaft positioned and pendant fourth trochanter, and with a dorsally open, troughlike anterior intercondylar groove (Norman & Barrett 2002). Dentary tooth One extremely well-preserved, isolated camptosaurid tooth (ANG 11-1120) exhibits an almost complete crown and a root broken at approximately mid-length (Fig. 22E). The crown is straight folidont (Hendrickx et al. 2015a), moderately elongated, and relatively robust. The mesiodistal basal length is 7 mm and the preserved crown height is 17 mm. It appears very similar to dentary teeth from the Kimmeridgian of England described by Galton & Powell (1980) and to the Owenodon sp. material figured by Galton (2009). The crown is labiolingually compressed, flat lingually, and strongly convex labially, with a D-shaped cross-section at mid-height. In lingual view, the main axis of the crown is straight, with a crown apex that was most likely pointing strictly dorsally. Both the mesial and the distal margins are symmetrical, with a marked angle at mid-height, conferring to the crown a diamond-shaped aspect in lingual and labial views. On the distal border, the lower edge of the crown is flexed mesiolingually, forming a pseudo-cingulid, as seen in Camptosaurus prestwichii (Norman & Barrett 2002: fig. 5) and Camptosaurus medius (Galton 2009: fig. 10D). The carinae extend from the apex to half of the length of the crown, until the mesial and distal angulations. They appear shorter than in some Camptosaurus specimens, in which the carinae extend along almost two-thirds of the edges (Norman & Barrett 2002: fig. 5 A; Galton 2009: fig. 10D). Both carinae are straight and oblique. Denticles are visible on the entire length of the preserved carinae. The mesial carina is damaged, but it apparently exhibits the same density of denticles as the distal carina with 3 denticles per mm. The denticles are fine, slightly mesially and distally hooked, and apicobasally oriented. They present a marked increase in size, the largest being the most apical. Ventral to the denticles, small ridges extend from their base towards the crown base. Most are approximately 1 mm in length but the longest is almost 5 mm in length and extends from the third well-developed denticle. The longitudinally concave lingual crown surface bears two strongly developed central and apicobasally oriented ridges separated by a flute. In contrast to the condition observed in some dentary teeth of the holotype of C. prestwichii (Norman & Barrett 2002: fig. 5 A; Galton 2009: fig. 9K) and C. medius (Galton 2009: fig. 10D), but as seen in Owenodon sp. (Galton 2009: fig. 18J), the ridges are parallel throughout their length. The crown enamel extends more basally in the mesiolingual part of the crown than in the distolingual part. The enamel has a smooth texture and its surface bears transverse undulations contacting both carinae. They are more marked on the basal half of the crown. A pronounced constriction occurs at the base of the crown forming a cervix. Breakage of the root renders it impossible to assess whether or not it was longer than the crown. It is, however, clearly narrower. The width of the root is the same throughout the preserved portion, and it is roughly equivalent to the mesiodistal basal length measured at the level of the cervix. The root is labiolingually narrow and exhibits subparallel mesial and distal borders. On its lingual surface, a shallow concavity is visible. At the fracture point, it has a suboval cross section. Femur One subcomplete left femur is part of the material from Angeac-Charente referred to Camptosauridae. It is well-preserved, but both ends are crushed and eroded, and a small part of the distal end is missing (Fig. 22 B-E). The preserved length of the femur is 265 mm. The diaphysis is relatively stout. In anterior and posterior views, the femur is straight (Fig. 22B, D). In lateral and medial views, the femur is curved with convex anterior and concave posterior margins. The femoral head is positioned in the same plane relative to the transverse axis of the distal condyles. The femoral head is discrete, unlike that of C. dispar (Galton & Powell 1980: fig.2F) and oval in anterior and posterior views. In those views, it is inclined at approximately 40° with respect to the main axis of the bone. The neck is large and it merges obliquely with the femoral shaft. In some Camptosaurus specimens, the neck looks more constricted (Norman & Barrett 2002: fig. 6; Galton 2009: fig. 5T). The lesser trochanter is located on the anterior surface of the femur, on the proximal extremity. It is eroded, but it still appears as a strong and high protrusion extending proximodistally in the anterolateral angle of the femur. Its proximal extremity is lower than the proximal margin of the femoral head, but it still appears more strongly developed than in most described Camptosaurus species (Galton & Powell 1980; Norman & Barrett 2002; Carpenter & Wilson 2008; Galton 2009). There is no deep cleft visible between the lesser trochanter and the greater trochanter, in contrast to the condition observed in C. aphanoecetes (Carpenter & Wilson 2008). The greater trochanter is difficult to discern, probably as a result of erosion. The femur diaphysis has a quadrangular cross section. It is as robust as in other camptosaurids. Under the fourth trochanter, the diaphysis is slightly narrower transversely than anteroposteriorly. On the posterior surface of the diaphysis, the pendent fourth trochanter is located on the medial edge of the bone, just above midshaft (Fig. 22 C-E). It is strongly developed, as in most species of Camptosaurus (Carpenter & Wilson 2008; Galton 2009), and it is blade-shaped in lateral view (Fig. 22E). In posterior view, the base of the trochanter is straight (Fig. 22D). The proximal margin of the trochanter is elongated and gradually rises from the diaphysis, at an angle of approximately 115° relatively to the main axis of the shaft. The distal margin of the fourth trochanter is shorter and steeper. The distal extremity of the femur is incomplete. A longitudinal bulge is visible above the distal condyles, but the condyles themselves are not preserved. On the anterior surface of the femur, a very shallow intercondylar groove is present. On the posterior surface, the popliteal fossa is visible., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 711-713, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["GALTON P. M. & POWELL H. P. 1980. - The ornithischian dinosaur Camptosaurus prestwichii from the Upper Jurassic of England. Palaeontology 23 (2): 411 - 443.","NORMAN D. B. & BARRETT P. M. 2002. - Ornithischian dinosaurs from the lower Cretaceous (Berriasian) of England. Special Papers in Palaeontology 68: 161 - 190.","HENDRICKX C., MATEUS O. & ARAUJO R. 2015 a. - A proposed terminology of theropod teeth (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35: e 982797. https: // doi. org / 10.108 0 / 02724634.2015.982797.","GALTON P. M. 2009. - Notes on Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, \" Camptosaurus \", \" Iguanodon \" - and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere. Revue de Paleobiologie 28: 211 - 273.","CARPENTER K. & WILSON Y. 2008. - A new species of Camptosaurus (Ornithopoda: Dinosauria) from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dinosaur National Monument, Utah, and a biomechanical analysis of its forelimb. Annals of Carnegie Museum 76: 227 - 264. https: // doi. org / fkbwqj"]}

cf. Opisthias (Fig. 14) DESCRIPTION ANG M-120 (Fig. 14) is a posterior dentary fragment bearing two preserved acrodont teeth in addition to seven broken teeth, there are six anteriorly and one posteriorly.Tooth crowns are sub-pyramidal in shape, angulous anteriorly, more rounded posteriorly, and slightly inclined anteriorly throughout the dentition (Fig. 14A). As suggested by tooth bases, teeth are gradually increasing in size posteriorly. In occlusal view, the tooth row is straight (Fig. 14C). The coronoid process is broken at its base and the mandibular ramus is broken ventrally at the level of the Meckelian groove (Fig. 14B). ANG M-120 is here tentatively referred to cf. Opisthias because of the tooth morphology and gradual heterodonty pattern which is similar to that observed in previously described Opisthias dentaries (Gilmore 1910; Evans & Fraser 1992). In lateral view, the dentary of Homoeosaurus shows wider tooth bases and crown apices that are less acute and not anteriorly inclined (Cocude-Michel 1963). Tingitana from the Tihonian-Berriasian of Morocco, has dentary teeth bearing a strong, inwardly concave, anterolingual crest between a large posterior cone and a small anterolingual one (Evans & Sigogneau-Russell 1997). It is worth noting that a sphenodontian from Cherves-de-Cognac, represented by a partial skeleton, was referred to Homoeosaurus by Buffetaut et al. 1989. A revision of this material, housed in a private collection, including a detailed comparison with the Angeac-Charente specimen would be useful to assess sphenodontian diversity in western Europe., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on pages 701-702, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["GILMORE C. W. 1910 - A new rhynchocephalian reptile from the Jurassic of Wyoming, with notes on the fauna of \" Quarry 9 \". Proceedings of the United States National Museum 37: 35 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.37 - 1698.35","EVANS S. E. & FRASER N. C. 1992. - A sphenodontid jaw (Reptilia: Lepidosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Dorset. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History Society 1992: 199 - 200.","BUFFETAUT E., POUIT D, RIGOLLET L. & ARCHAMBEAU J. P. 1989. - Poissons et reptiles continentaux du Purbeckien de la region de Cognac (Charente). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 5 (5): 1065 - 1069. https: // doi. org / 10.2113 / gssgfbull. V. 5.1065"]}

Pleurosternon bullockii (Owen, 1842) (Fig. 13) DESCRIPTION Pleurosternids are the most abundant turtles in Angeac-Charente representing nearly 85% of the turtle material(Table 1). Most of the material consists of isolated shell plates characterized by an external surface covered by regular pits with fine linear striations perpendicular to the plate margins. This character combination is only shared with the Portuguese Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Selenemys lusitanica and the British and French Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Tithonian to Berriasian) Pleurosternon bullockii (Pérez-García&Ortega 2011).An almost complete shell collected in 2014 confirmed the attribution to the species Pleurosternon bullockii (Fig. 13; Gônet et al. 2019). The carapace is oval in outline and depressed with no nuchal emargination (Fig.13A). The nuchal is trapezoidal, wider posteriorly than anteriorly.The cervical scute is absent. The vertebral scutes are wide and cover about half of the costals. Unlike British specimens, suprapygal 2 is a wide hexagonal element that presents several morphotypes in Angeac-Charente.The plastron has a pair of mesoplastra and a wide anal notch posteriorly (Fig.13B). The large entoplastron is triangular anteriorly and rounded posteriorly. The posterior plastral lobe is longer than the anterior one. The near-complete shell and the remaining pleurosternid material in general will be described in detail elsewhere. The pleurosternid from Angeac-Charente differs from Selenemys lusitanica in characters including: nuchal width less than twice its maximum length; anterior nuchal edge constituting the anterior carapace rim; posterior margin of the first peripheral two times shorter than the anterior one; overlap of the first vertebral on the first pair of peripherals; first vertebral wider than the nuchal; first pair of marginals wider than long; and development of an anal notch. Pleurosternon bullockii is known by numerous specimens from the Berriasian Purbeck Group of Dorset (United Kingdom), including complete shells, carapaces, plastra, elements of the appendicular skeleton,and one skull (Evans&Kemp 1975; Milner 2004; Sterli et al. 2010; Evers et al. 2020), but it is also identified in the Tithonian record of Dorset and the French locality of Wimille (Boulogne-sur-Mer) (Guerrero & Pérez-García 2020). Pleurosternids are freshwater turtles, of which most of the remains have been collected from fluvial and lacustrine sedimentary deposits (Joyce & Anquetin 2019). This hypothesis is confirmed by the depressed shell shape, appendicular bone morphology, and feeding specializations. Pleurosternon bullockii presents an elongate skull with low labial margins which suggests a gape and suction feeding (Pritchard 1984; Foth et al. 2017; Joyce& Anquetin 2019).The abundance of pleurosternid material and the presence of different growth stages suggest that the Angeac-Charente paleoecosystem probably corresponds to the preferred habitat of this turtle., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 700, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["OWEN R. 1842. - Report on British fossil reptiles, part II. Report for the British Association for the Advancement of Science 11: 60 - 204. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 33377524","GONET J., ROZADA L., BOURGEAIS R. & ALLAIN R. 2019. - Taphonomic study of a pleurosternid turtle shell from the Early Cretaceous of Angeac-Charente, southwest France. Lethaia 52: 232 - 243. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / let. 12309","EVANS J. & KEMP T. S. 1975. - The cranial morphology of a new Lower Cretaceous turtle from Southern England. Palaeontology 18 (1): 25 - 40.","MILNER A. R. 2004. - The turtles of the Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, southern England. Palaeontology 47 (6): 1441 - 1467. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0031 - 0239.2004.00418. x","STERLI J., MULLER J., ANQUETIN J. & HILGER A. 2010. - The parabasisphenoid complex in Mesozoic turtles and the evolution of the testudinate basicranium. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 47: 1337 - 1346. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / E 10 - 061","EVERS S. W., ROLLOT Y. & JOYCE W. G. 2020. - Cranial osteology of the Early Cretaceous turtle Pleurosternon bullockii (Paracryptodira: Pleurosternidae). PeerJ 8: e 9454. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 9454","JOYCE W. G. & ANQUETIN J. 2019. - A review of the fossil record of non-baenid turtle of the clade Paracryptodira. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 60: 129 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.3374 / 014.060.0204","PRITCHARD P. C. H. 1984. - Piscivory in turtles, and evolution of the long-necked Chelidae, in FERGUSON M. W. (ed.), The Structure, Development and Evolution of Reptiles. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 52, Academic Press, London: 87 - 110.","FOTH C., RABI M. & JOYCE W. G. 2017. - Skull shape variation in extant and extinct Testudinata and its relation to habitat and feeding ecology. Acta Zoologica 98: 310 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / azo. 12181"]}

Turiasauria indet. (Figs 24 A-X; 25B, C; 26; 27) DESCRIPTION Sauropod remains are especially abundant in the Early Cretaceous of Angeac-Charente. The locality has yielded many teeth (N = 146), bones (N = 784), and track casts of this group of dinosaurs (Néraudeau et al. 2012; Rozada et al. 2021). All parts of the skeleton are represented including the braincase, some skull bones, teeth, cervical, dorsal and caudal vertebrae, chevrons, pelvic girdle and all the limb bones (Figs 24-27). Based on the number of femurs and their size, as well as the teeth, there are at least seven different individuals preserved in the site. With the exception of two teeth (see below), all this material belongs to a single taxon. All remaining teeth are reminiscent of the Turiasauria clade (Allain et al. 2013, 2017). We can classify them based on a small number of diagnostic characters.Teeth are heart-shaped in labial and lingual views, with an asymmetric shape induced by a concave distal margin towards the apex (Royo-Torres et al. 2006, 2017; Royo-Torres & Upchurch 2012; Mocho et al. 2016). This feature has been observed in most of the sauropod teeth that have been collected from Angeac-Charente (Figs 24; 25B, C). A second character permits referral of these teeth to Turiasauria. When the root is well preserved, several long longitudinal grooves are visible in Turiasaurus, Losillasaurus (Royo-Torres et al. 2021) and Moabosaurus (Britt et al. 2017 and RRT personal observation). These grooves are also present in the Angeac-Charente taxon (Fig. 24 I-P, U-X) and may be diagnostic for Turiasauria (Royo-Torres et al. 2021). Moreover, the teeth of Angeac-Charente show a range of crown morphotypes and this variability of forms has also been described in turiasaur teeth from Portugal (Mocho et al. 2016) and in Mierasaurus (Royo-Torres et al. 2017) and Losillasaurus (Royo-Torres et al. 2021). Teeth, in private collections, identical in every way to those of Angeac-Charente, are also present in the Berriasian of Cherves-de-Cognac (RA, TL pers. obs.). The caudal vertebrae are also useful in determining the systematic position of the Angeac-Charente sauropod (Fig. 26). The anterior caudal vertebrae are procoelous with a slightly convex posterior articulation (Fig. 26 A-I) whereas the middle become amphicoelous or amphyplatyan (Fig. 26 J-L). The presence of a convex posterior articulation on sauropod caudal vertebrae was acquired several times during sauropod evolution (Wilson 2002; Upchurch et al. 2004; D’Emic 2012; Mannion et al. 2017, 2019) and can be seen in diplodocids, titanosaurs and mamenchisaurids. The procoelous condition was also acquired in Turiasauria, as described for the Late Jurassic Turiasaurus and Losillasaurus (Casanovas et al. 2001; Royo-Torres et al. 2006, 2021). It has also been reported in the posterior series of Early Cretaceous Mierasaurus and Moabosaurus (Royo-Torres et al. 2017; Britt et al. 2017). This feature is considered to be synapomorphic for Turiasauria in some phylogenetic analyses (Carballido & Sander 2014). The neural arch of anterior caudal vertebrae is restricted to the anterior half of the centrum. This character is shared with Turiasaurus, Losillasaurus, Moabosaurus, Mierasaurus, Cetiosaurus and the Titanosauriformes(Upchurch et al. 2004; D’Emic 2012; Britt et al. 2017; Royo-Torres et al. 2017). The presence in the Angeac-Charente taxon of caudal vertebrae with short lateral processes (‘caudal ribs’) that do not extend beyond the posterior end of the centrum suggests affinities with Titanosauriformes (Mannion et al. 2019; Royo-Torres et al. 2021). Two additional possible synapomorphic characters for Turiasauria seen in specimens from Angeac-Charente include slightly opisthocoelous posterior dorsal centra, as well as a high neural arch below the postzygapophyses of the posterior dorsal vertebrae (Carballido & Sander 2014)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 717, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["NERAUDEAU D., ALLAIN R., BALLEVRE M., BATTEN D. J., BUFFE- TAUT E., COLIN J. P., DABARD M. P., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., EL ALBANI A., GOMEZ B., GROSHENY D., LE LoeUFF J., LEPRINCE A., MARTIN- CLOSAS C., MASURE E., MAZIN J. - M., PHILIPPE M., POUECH J., TONG H., TOURNEPICHE J. - F. & VULLO R. 2012. - The Hauterivian-Barremian lignitic bone bed of Angeac (Charente, SW France): stratigraphical, palaeobiological and palaeogeographical implications. Cretaceous Research 37: 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.006","ROZADA L., ALLAIN R., VULLO R., AUGIER D., GOEDERT J., JEAN A., ROYO- TORRES R., QVARNSTROM M., PEYRE DE FABREGUES C. & MARCHAL J. 2021. - A Lower Cretaceous Lagerstatte from Western Europe: taphonomical overview of the vertebrate assemblage of Angeac-Charente site (Western France). Lethaia 54: 141 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / let. 12394","ALLAIN R., ROZADA L. & VULLO R. 2013. - A cross-perspective into the Early Cretaceous dinosaur faunas from Europe and Asia: new data on the dinosaurs from the Savannakhet Bassin (Laos) and from the lignitic bonebed of Angeac-Charente (France), in VIth International Symposium about Dinosaurs Palaeontology and their Environment, Salas de los Infantes, Spain.","MOCHO P., ROYO- TORRES R., ORTEGA F., MALAFAIA E., ESCASO F. & SILVA B. 2016. - Turiasauria-like teeth from the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal. Historical Biology 28 (7): 861 - 880. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 08912963.2015.1049948","BRITT B. B., SCHEETZ R. D., WHITING M. F. & WILHITE D. R. 2017. - Moabosaurus utahensis, n gen., sp., a new sauropod from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) of North America. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 32: 189 - 243. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2027.42 / 136227","WILSON J. A. 2002. - Sauropod dinosaur phylogeny: critique and cladistic analysis. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136: 215 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2002.00029. x","UPCHURCH P., BARRETT P. M. & DODSON P. 2004. - Sauropoda, in WEISHAMPEL D. B., DODSON P. & OSMOLSKA H. (eds), The Dinosauria. 2 nd edition. University of California Press, Berkeley: 259 - 322.","D'EMIC M. D. 2012. - The early evolution of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166: 624 - 671. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00853. x","MANNION P. D., ALLAIN R. & MOINE O. 2017. - The earliest known titanosauriform sauropod dinosaur and the evolution of Brachiosauridae. PeerJ 5: e 3217. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 3217","MANNION P. D., UPCHURCH P., SCHWARZ D. & WINGS O. 2019. - Taxonomic affinities of the putative titanosaurs from the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications for eusauropod dinosaur evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 185: 784 - 909. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zly 068","CASANOVAS M. L., SANTAFE J. V. & SANZ J. L. 2001. - Losillasaurus giganteus, un nuevo sauropodo del transito Jurasico-Cretacico de la cuenca de \" Los Serranos \" (Valencia, Espana). Paleontologia i Evolucio 32 - 33: 99 - 122.","CARBALLIDO J. L. & SANDER P. M. 2014. - Postcranial axial skeleton of Europasaurus holgeri (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic of Germany: implications for sauropod ontogeny and phylogenetic relationships of basal Macronaria. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (3): 335 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.108 0 / 14772019.2013.764935"]}

Theriosuchus sp. (Fig. 17 A-D) DESCRIPTION Small isolated teeth are commonly recovered from residues obtained from bulk screening. Many of them (Fig. 17 A-D) are leaf-shaped, labiolingually compressed, low-crowned and pseudoziphodont, a characteristic of the posterior dentition in the atoposaurid genus Theriosuchus (Schwarz & Salisbury 2005; Lauprasert et al. 2011; Martin et al. 2014b). Members of the genus Theriosuchus are small crocodyliforms with total body lengths less than 1m (Schwarz & Salisbury 2005). Besides teeth, two skull bones might belong to this genus: a right jugal (ANG 16-5179) and a fragmentary frontal (ANG 14-3692). The jugal is about 1 cm long and its ornamented lateral surface is thin and projects ventrally. The frontal preserves the interorbital area and displays an acute median keel on its dorsal surface. A finely sculpted osteoderm, longer than wide and possessing a shallow median keel (Fig.19D), matches the morphology of dorsal osteoderms of the tail region in Theriosuchus pusillus (Owen 1879; Clark 1986)., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 704, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["SCHWARZ D. & SALISBURY S. W. 2005. - A new species of Theriosuchus (Atoposauridae, Crocodylomorpha) from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Guimarota, Portugal. Geobios 38: 779 - 802. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2004.04.005","LAUPRASERT K., LAOJUMPON C., SAENPHALA W., CUNY G., THIRA- KUPT K. & SUTEETHORN V. 2011. - Atoposaurid crocodyliforms from the Khorat group of Thailand: first record of Theriosuchus from Southeast Asia. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 85: 37 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12542 - 010 - 0071 - z","MARTIN J. E., RABI M., CSIKI- SAVA Z. & VASILE S. 2014 b. - Cranial morphology of Theriosuchus sympiestodon (Mesoeucrocodylia, Atoposauridae) and the widespread occurrence of Theriosuchus in the Late Cretaceous of Europe. Journal of Paleontology 88 (3): 444 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 13 - 106","OWEN R. 1879. - On the association of dwarf crocodiles (Nannosuchus and Theriosuchus pusillus, eg) with the diminutive mammals of the Purbeck Shales. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 35: 148 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / GSL. JGS. 1879.035.01 - 04.02","CLARK J. M. 1986. - Phylogenetic Relationships of the Crocodylomorph Archosaurs. Unpublished Ph. D, dissertation, University of Chicago, Chicago, 556 p."]}

MULTITUBERCULATA Cope, 1884 (Fig. 33) PRELIMINARY STATEMENT Multituberculates are the most commonly represented mammals in Angeac-Charente with nearly fifteen isolated teeth already collected by screening-washing. We follow here the classification of Mesozoic allotherian mammals provided by Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (2004). All teeth are provisionally referred to the Pinherodontidae (Hahn & Hahn 1999), except for one P4 (Fig. 33I, J) that is very similar to the holotype of Sunnyodon notleyi (Kielan-Jaworowska & Ensom 1992), and one?P5 that has only two rows of cusps (Fig. 33 K-L), whereas there are three in Pinherodontidae (Hahn & Hahn 1999; Kielan-Jaworowska et al. 2004) and is thus identified as Multituberculata indet. A systematic revision of European Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Multituberculates is beyond the scope of this paper, but it is worthy to note that, for the moment, based only on their morphology, no tooth really suggests the presence of more than two taxa of multituberculates in Angeac-Charente., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 728, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["HAHN G. & HAHN R. 1999. - Pinheirodontidae n. fam. (Multituberculata) (Mammalia) aus der tiefen Unter-Kreide Portugals. Palaeontographica Abteilung A: 77 - 222.","KIELAN- JAWOROWSKA Z. & ENSOM P. C. 1992. - Multituberculate mammals from the Upper Jurassic Purbeck Limestone Formation of southern England. Palaeontology 35 (1): 95 - 126."]}

Albanerpetontidae indet. (Fig. 9) DESCRIPTION Albanerpetontids are represented in Angeac-Charente by numerous and diverse bones, including dentaries, premaxillae, maxillae, vertebrae and forelimb bones (Fig. 9 A-K). All the material was recovered from screen washing residues. It is always disarticulated, and almost always fragmentary. Several diagnostic characters allow their assignment to the Albanerpetontidae, including: 1) intertonguing symphyseal joint between dentaries, in a mortise-and-tenon style (Fox & Naylor 1982; Milner 1988; McGowan & Evans 1995; McGowan 1996, 2002; Gardner 1999b, 2000; Gardner et al. 2003; Sweetman & Gardner 2013; Matsumoto & Evans 2018). In the Angeac-Charente specimens, there are two symphyseal prongs (Fig. 9A, B); 2) pleurodont, chisel-like and regularly arranged non-pedicellate teeth, labiolingually compressed and bearing three faint, mesiodistally aligned cuspules (Fig. 9 A-G; Fox & Naylor 1982; Gardner 1999a, b, 2000; McGowan & Evans 1995; Sweetman & Gardner 2013; Matsumoto & Evans 2018); and 3) foramina arranged in line on external face of dentary (Fig. 9F; Fox & Naylor 1982; Gardner 2000). In Angeac-Charente albanerpetontids, the maxilla is unornamented labially, except for scattered external nutritive foramina that are characteristic of the group (Fig.9D; Fox & Naylor 1982; Gardner 2000). In this respect, they differ from Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Miocene of France (Gardner 1999a). As in other albanerpetontid for which trunk vertebrae have been described (Estes & Hoffstetter 1976; McGowan 1996, 2002; McGowan & Ensom 1997; Sweetman & Gardner 2013; Matsumoto & Evans 2018), those from the Angeac-Charente material (Fig. 9 I-K) are amphicoelous, hourglass-shaped and bear a short unicipital transverse process. The centrum is narrowly constricted at its center (Fig. 9I, K) and the cotyles are circular in outline and have thickened rims (Fig. 9J). As in other albanerpetontid trunk vertebrae described elsewhere, the notochordal canal is anteroposteriorly continuous (Fig. 9J; Sweetman & Gardner 2013) and thus the vertebrae are fully notochordal. Angeac-Charente specimens also show numerous features that have been described in other albanerpetontids and allow the distinction from other lissamphibians and lizards.The premaxilla (Fig.9D, E) and maxilla (Fig.9C) have a deep pars dentalis and the dentary (Fig. 9A, B, F, G) has a tall dental parapet, allowing the attachment of highly pleurodont teeth (Gardner 2000). Upper jaws are also characterized by a prominent, shelf-like pars palatinum lingually (Fig. 9E; Gardner 2000). The maxilla has a low, posteriorly tapered pars facialis (Fig. 9C; Gardner 1999a, 2000). On the dentary, the Meckelian canal is closed anteriorly, and the subdental shelf is low, narrow and gutterlike anteriorly (Fig. 9A; Gardner 1999a, b, 2000). As in other known albanerpetontid species, the humeral condyle is spherical, fully ossified and larger than the adjacent radial epicondyle (Fig. 9H; Sweetman & Gardner 2013). Above this humeral ball is a triangular and well-defined cubital fossa, at the proximal extremity of which a small foramen can be seen (Fig. 9H), as also reported for Albanerpeton inexpectatum (Estes & Hoffstetter 1976) and Wesserpeton evansae (Sweetman & Gardner 2013). The albanerpetontids from Angeac-Charente differ from Anoualerpeton and Albanerpeton nexuosum, but resemble other Albanerpeton species, Celtedens and Wesserpeton in having dentaries and maxillae with relatively straight occlusal margins, and teeth weakly heterodont in size (Sweetman & Gardner 2013). Unfortunately, the diagnostic characters necessary for identification at the generic level are lacking. Neither the maxilla nor the dentary is diagnostic for Albanerpeton and Celtedens (Gardner 2000), as their diagnoses are based on frontal characters (Gardner 1999a, b, 2000; McGowan & Evans 1995; McGowan 2002). We did not find any frontal bones in the Angeac-Charente material, and so we cannot attribute the albanerpetontid material to these genera with certainty. Within Albanerpeton, the premaxilla is the most taxonomically informative bone for species (Gardner 1999b, 2000), but the specimens found to date at Angeac-Charente are too incomplete to be relevant. Thus, considering the characters mentioned above, we can attribute the Angeac-Charente specimens to the family Albanerpetontidae, but so far the material is too incomplete to allow a further attribution at the generic and specific level., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 695, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["FOX R. C. & NAYLOR M. 1982. - A reconsideration of the relationships of the fossil amphibian Albanerpeton. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 19: 118 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / e 82 - 009","MILNER A. R. 1988. - The relationships and origin of living amphibians, in BENTON M. J. (ed.), The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods. Volume 1. Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 380 p.","MCGOWAN G. J. & EVANS S. E. 1995. - Albanerpetontid ampibians from the Cretaceous of Spain. Nature 373: 143 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 373143 a 0","MCGOWAN G. J. 1996. - Albanerpetontid amphibians from the Jurassic (Bathonian) of southern England. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 60: 227 - 234.","MCGOWAN G. J. 2002. - Albanerpetontid amphibians from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain and Italy: a description and reconsideration of their systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 135: 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2002.00013. x","GARDNER J. D. 1999 b. - The amphibian Albanerpeton arthridion and the Aptian - Albian biogeography of albanerpetontids. Palaeontology 42: 529 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / 1475 - 4983.00083","GARDNER J. D. 2000. - Revised taxonomy of albanerpetontid amphibians. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45 (1): 55 - 70.","GARDNER J. D., EVANS S. E. & SIGOGNEAU- RUSSELL D. 2003. - New albanerpetontid amphibians from the Early Cretaceous of Morocco and Middle Jurassic of England. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (2): 301 - 319.","SWEETMAN S. C. & GARDNER J. D. 2013. - A new albanerpetontid amphibian from the Barremian (Early Cretaceous) Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58: 295 - 324. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2011.0109","MATSUMOTO R. & EVANS S. E. 2018. - The first record of albanerpetontid amphibians (Amphibia: Albanerpetontidae) from East Asia. PLoS ONE 13: e 0189767. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0189767","GARDNER J. D. 1999 a. - Redescription of the geologically youngest albanerpetontid (? Lissamphibia): Albanerpeton inexpectatum Estes and Hoffstetter, 1976, from the Miocene of France. Annales de Paleontologie 85: 57 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0753 - 3969 (99) 80008 - 1","ESTES R. & HOFFSTETTER R. 1976. - Les urodeles du Miocene de La Grive-Saint-Alban (Isere, France). Bulletins du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 3 eme serie, Sciences de la Terre 398: 297 - 343. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55505209","MCGOWAN G. & ENSOM P. C. 1997. - Albanerpetontid amphibians from the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society 118: 113 - 117."]}

Triconodon ? sp. (Fig. 32E, F) DESCRIPTION The specimen ANG M-02 (Fig. 32E, F) consists of an almost complete tooth, only lacking the mesial root. The crown is labiolingually compressed and bears three mesiodistally aligned cusps. A main central cusp a is largely dominant. It is triangular in lateral profile and surrounded by two smaller accessory cusps: cusp c (distal) reaches half of the height of cusp a, and cusp b (mesial) is about three times smaller than cusp c. Cusp a is slightly flexed lingually. Cusps a and c bear distolingually oriented wear facets. Both labial and lingual cingulid are present. Thus, considering these characters, ANG M-02 can be identified as an eutriconodontan left lower premolariform. It is somewhat similar to the p3 of Triconodon from the Berriasian of Britain (Jäger et al. 2021), so the specimen is tentatively referred to this genus., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 728, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["JAGER K. R. K., CIFELLI R. L. & MARTIN T. 2021. - Tooth eruption in the Early Cretaceous British mammal Triconodon and description of a new species. Papers in Palaeontology 7 (2): 1065 - 1080. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / spp 2.1329"]}

ORNITHISCHIA Seeley, 1888 DESCRIPTION With the exception of thyreophorans, the ornithischian dinosaurs of Angeac-Charente are mainly represented by isolated teeth. Most of these teeth show evidence of pre-burial transport and are either broken or eroded. However, the few remaining well-preserved teeth indicate a great diversity of ornithischians, represented by at least five families., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 709, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033

Pterodactyloidea indet. A (Fig. 20 A-D) DESCRIPTION This indeterminate pterodactyloid taxon is represented by small, labiolingually compressed teeth (Fig. 20 A-D). The crown is relatively low, triangular and broad-based in labial and lingual views (Fig. 20 A-C). The basal part of the labial and lingual faces is devoid of enamel, except along the mesial and distal carinae. The crown base is slightly inflated and the recurved apex is more or less slender, so that in labial view the carinae are convex and concave in the basal half and distal half of the crown,respectively. A weak enamel ornamentation consisting of faint vertical folds is present in some teeth. This taxon, characterized by a gradual heterodonty, corresponds to the morphotypes 5-7 reported from the Purbeckian beds of Chassiron (Vullo et al. 2014: fig. 17eg) and to the isolated tooth MPZ2011/46 described from the Valanginian-Hauterivian of Pochancalo 1 in northeastern Spain (Gasca et al. 2012:fig.3k).Since this tooth morphology is present in some archaeopterodactyloids (e.g., Pterodactylus, Germanodactylus) and istiodactyliforms (e.g., Haopterus, Longchengopterus, Mimodactylus) (Lü et al. 2008; Wang et al. 2008; Kellner et al. 2019), we refer this taxon to Pterodactyloidea indet. A., Published as part of Allain, Ronan, Vullo, Romain, Rozada, Lee, Anquetin, Jérémy, Bourgeais, Renaud, Goedert, Jean, Lasseron, Maxime, Martin, Jeremy E., Pérez-García, Adán, Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Augier, Dominique & Bailly, Gilles, 2022, Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary, pp. 683-752 in Geodiversitas 44 (25) on page 707, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25, http://zenodo.org/record/6902033, {"references":["VULLO R., ABIT D., BALLEVRE M., BILLON- BRUYAT J. - P., BOURGEAIS R., BUFFETAUT E., DAVIERO- GOMEZ V., GARCIA G., GOMEZ B., MAZIN J. - M., MOREL S., NERAUDEAU D., POUECH J., RAGE J. - C., SCHNYDER J. & TONG H. 2014. - Palaeontology of the Purbeck-type (Tithonian, Late Jurassic) bonebeds of Chassiron (Oleron Island, western France). Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 421 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.03.003","GASCA J. M., BADIOLA A., CANUDO J. I., MORENO- AZANZA M. & PUERTOLAS E. 2012. - La asociacion de vertebrados fosiles del yacimiento Pochancalo 1 (Valanginiense-Hauteriviense, Villanueva de Huerva, Zaragoza, Espana), in Actas de V Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontologia de Dinosaurios y su Entorno. Salas de los Infantes, Burgos: 159 - 172.","LU J., XU L. & JI Q. 2008. - Restudy of Liaoxipterus (Istiodactylidae: Pterosauria), with comments on the Chinese istiodactylid pterosaurs. Zitteliana B 28: 229 - 241. https: // doi. org / 10.5282 / ubm / epub. 12018","WANG X., CAMPOS D. A., ZHOU Z. & KELLNER A. W. A. 2008. - A primitive istiodactylid pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea) from the Jiufotang Formation (Early Cretaceous), Northeast China. Zootaxa 1813: https: // doi. org / 1 - 18. 10.5281 / zenodo. 274343","KELLNER A. W. A., CALDWELL M. W., HOLGADO B., DALLA VECCHIA F. M., NOHRA R., SAYAO J. M. & CURRIE P. J. 2019. - First complete pterosaur from the Afro-Arabian continent: insight into pterodactyloid diversity. Scientific Reports 9 (1): 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 019 - 54042 - z"]}