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Travel can facilitate SARS-CoV-2 introduction. To reduce introduction of SARS-CoV-2 infections, the state of Alaska implemented a program on June 6, 2020, for arriving air, sea, and road travelers that required either molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, or a 14-day self-quarantine after arrival. The Alaska Department of Health and Social Services (DHSS) used weekly standardized reports submitted by 10 participating Alaska airports to evaluate air traveler choices to undergo testing or self-quarantine, traveler test results, and airport personnel experiences while implementing the program. Among 386,435 air travelers who arrived in Alaska during June 6-November 14, 2020, a total of 184,438 (48%) chose to be tested within 72 hours before arrival, 111,370 (29%) chose to be tested on arrival, and 39,685 (10%) chose to self-quarantine without testing after arrival. An additional 15,112 persons received testing at airport testing sites; these were primarily travelers obtaining a second test 7-14 days after arrival, per state guidance. Of the 126,482 airport tests performed in Alaska, 951 (0.8%) results were positive, or one per 406 arriving travelers. Airport testing program administrators reported that clear communication, preparation, and organization were vital for operational success; challenges included managing travelers' expectations and ensuring that sufficient personnel and physical space were available to conduct testing. Expected mitigation measures such as vaccination, physical distancing, mask wearing, and avoidance of gatherings after arrival might also help limit postarrival transmission. Posttravel self-quarantine and testing programs might reduce travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 transmission and importation, even without enforcement. Traveler education and community and industry partnerships might help ensure success.

OBJECTIVE From April until November 2006, the association Irrsinnig Menschlich e. V. from Leipzig carried out the film festival "Ausnahme|zustand" about the topic Mental Illnesses all over Germany. The festival was on tour in more than 70 cities. The aim of the festival was to give the topic mental illness a podium, to inform and to entertain. METHOD A Pre-Post-Test was carried out to look for the effect of the documentaries shown on social distance of the audience towards mentally ill people. A total of 405 visitors to the film festival in Leipzig could be questioned. In addition, 104 other viewers could be questioned. RESULTS As the results show, the effect on the viewers' social distance strongly depends on the content of the shown documentaries: A reduction as well as an increase of social distance were identified. For two of the documentaries no significant changes were found. It is noticeable that a highly selective group of people has been reached with this activity; with the main proportion of the visitors suffering from a mental illness themselves or knowing a mentally ill person. This is also reflected in the significantly lower social distance of the film festival viewers compared with the other viewers. DISCUSSION It has to be taken into consideration that documentaries about mental illness do not automatically reduce stigma, and that these kind of activities will mainly attract people who are already sensitised for this topic.

Juridical Niche. The Settlement of the Jews in Saint-Esprit-les-Bayonne the XVIIth Century. It might seem strange that the marranos seeking to judicize in peace would have chosen France from which the Jews were banished. But they did not settle just anywhere in the kingdom. Those who were attached to judaism did not choose Bayonne but Saint-Esprit on the other side of the Adour. The Old Regime was not despotic. On the one hand, founded upon privileges it did not require the law to be the same everywhere. Little by little legislation designed to apply within the competence of the parliament of Bordeaux, of the government of Bayonne, of the generalities of Auch and of Bordeaux had admitted the presence of Jews. The kingdom on the other hand was constituted by multitude of jurisdictions each responsible there fore for the public order within its competence. Now as it happened the seigneurial chapter of Saint-Esprit finding its rights menaced by the city of Bayonne wanted to populate the swampy river-bank which belonged to it. The families in question would have had to fight elsewhere to reconstruct their lives. Their presence at Saint-Esprit is of particular interest in as much as it reveals the political structures of the Old Regime rather than as testimony to any kind of well-known Sephardic dynamism., Zink Anne. Une niche juridique. L'installation des Juifs à Saint-Esprit-lès-Bayonne au XVIIe siècle. In: Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales. 49ᵉ année, N. 3, 1994. pp. 639-669.

Study objective: At our 35,000 visit/year emergency department (ED), we studied whether patients presenting to the ED with psychiatric complaints were admitted to the hospital at a higher rate than non-psychiatric patients, and whether these patients had a higher rate of reevaluation in the ED within 30 days following the index visit. Methods: We reviewed the electronic records of all ED patients receiving a psychiatric evaluation from January to February 2007 and compared these patients to 300 randomly selected patients presenting during the study period for non-psychiatric complaints. Patients were followed for 30 days, and admission rates and return visits were compared. Results: Two hundred thirty-four patients presented to the ED and were evaluated for psychiatric complaints during the study period. Twenty-four point seven percent of psychiatric patients were admitted upon initial presentation versus 20.7% of non-psychiatric patients (p = 0.258). Twenty-one percent of discharged psychiatric patients returned to the ED within 30 days versus 13.4% of discharged non-psychiatric patients (p=0.041). Patients returning to the ED within 30 days had a 17.1% versus 21.6% admission rate for the psychiatric and non-psychiatric groups, respectively (p=0.485). Conclusion: Patients presenting to this ED with psychiatric complaints were not admitted at a significantly higher rate than non-psychiatric patients. These psychiatric patients did, however, have a significantly higher return rate to the ED when compared to non-psychiatric patients.

From April until November 2006, the association Irrsinnig Menschlich e. V. from Leipzig carried out the film festival "Ausnahme|zustand" about the topic Mental Illnesses all over Germany. The festival was on tour in more than 70 cities. The aim of the festival was to give the topic mental illness a podium, to inform and to entertain.A Pre-Post-Test was carried out to look for the effect of the documentaries shown on social distance of the audience towards mentally ill people. A total of 405 visitors to the film festival in Leipzig could be questioned. In addition, 104 other viewers could be questioned.As the results show, the effect on the viewers' social distance strongly depends on the content of the shown documentaries: A reduction as well as an increase of social distance were identified. For two of the documentaries no significant changes were found. It is noticeable that a highly selective group of people has been reached with this activity; with the main proportion of the visitors suffering from a mental illness themselves or knowing a mentally ill person. This is also reflected in the significantly lower social distance of the film festival viewers compared with the other viewers.It has to be taken into consideration that documentaries about mental illness do not automatically reduce stigma, and that these kind of activities will mainly attract people who are already sensitised for this topic.

Les amirautes etaient des cours de justice qui devaient leur nom aux amiraux charges de la juridiction des choses de la mer. En 1626, en meme temps que celle d'amiral de France, Richelieu avait reussi a supprimer la charge d'amiral de Guyenne dont dependait la cour de Bayonne et qui datait du temps des Anglais. Il les confondit ainsi que celles des autres provinces peripheriques dans la fonction de grand maitre de la navigation. Les cours locales avaient pourtant garde le nom d'amirautes part...

La coutume d'Auvergne a été rédigée en 1510 et bien que l'Auvergne soit située dans le ressort du parlement de Paris, sa coutume n'a pas été réformée ultérieurement. La région Auvergne actuelle regroupe quatre départements : la Haute-Loire constituée dans sa plus grande partie du Velay qui à l'époque moderne faisait partie du Languedoc, l'Allier qui correspond pour l'essentiel à l'ancien Bourbonnais, le Puy-de-Dôme et le Cantal ; l'Auvergne d'Ancien Régime et sa coutume ne s'étendaient, par c...

Jüdisches Leben in Bayonne um 1630. Die zu Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts aus der iberischen Halbinsel eingewanderten und in Saint-Esprit-lès-Bayonne angesiedelten Maranen nahmen ihren allgemeinen jüdischen Gottesdienst nicht sofort wieder auf, sondem führten rhn erst in der zweiten Hälfte des Jahrhunderts wieder ein. Eine 1630 durchgeführte Befragung der in judischen Haushalten beschäftigten Dienstmägde belegt jedoch, daß alle jüdischen Familien schon zuvor jede Woche den Sabbat feierten und die Riten des jüdischen Osterfestes einhielten. Die Umstände dieser Befragung und die Art der Antworten zeigen, daß die Anwesenheit der Juden eher Neugier als Feindschaft auslöste. Aus ihnen geht jedoch nicht hervor, ob die betreffenden Familien zu diesem Zeitpunkt erst die beiden von den Dienstmägden genannten Kulthandlungen wieder bei sich eingeführt hatten, oder ob die Befragten vielleicht nicht alles gesehen und gehört hatten, was in den Häusern der Maranen vor sich ging., To Be a Jew in Bayonne in 1630. The Portuguese Jews from the Iberian Peninsula who settled in Saint-Esprit-lès-Bayonne at the beginning of the 17th Century did not begin to practice their religion until the second half of the century. Nonetheless, an inquiry undertaken in 1630 with servants having worked in Jewish homes revealed that in all these families sabbath was celebrated each week and that the rituals of Passover were respected. The tone of these witnesses and the circonstances of the inquiry show that Jewish presence aroused more curiosity than hostility. However, it is not known whether these families had relearned only the rituals described by the servants, or if they had not seen or revealed others., Les marranes venus de la Péninsule ibérique installés au début du XVIIe siècle à Saint-Esprit-lès-Bayonne n'ont recommencé à pratiquer le judaïsme que dans la seconde moitié du siècle. Pourtant, une enquête menée en 1630 auprès de servantes ayant travaillé dans des maisons juives révèle que dans toutes ces familles on fêtait chaque semaine le sabbat et on respectait les rites de la Pâque juive. Le ton de ces témoignages et les circonstances de l'enquête montrent que la présence juive suscitait plus de curiosité que d'hostilité. Mais on ignore si ces familles n'avaient encore réappris que les rites décrits par les servantes, ou si ces dernières n'ont pas tout vu et pas tout dit., Zink Anne. Être juif à Bayonne en 1630. In: Annales du Midi : revue archéologique, historique et philologique de la France méridionale, Tome 108, N°216, 1996. pp. 441-460.