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1. Raman spectroscopy mapping of changes in the organization and relative quantities of cell wall polymers in bast fiber cell walls of flax plants exposed to gravitropic stress

Author

Anne-Sophie Blervacq, Myriam Moreau, Anne Duputié, Isabelle De Waele, Ludovic Duponchel, and Simon Hawkins

Subjects
bast fibers, cell wall, abiotic stress, Raman spectroscopy, chemometric, flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Flax is an important fiber crop that is subject to lodging. In order to gain more information about the potential role of the bast fiber cell wall in the return to the vertical position, 6-week-old flax plants were subjected to a long-term (6 week) gravitropic stress by stem tilting in an experimental set-up that excluded autotropism. Stress induced significant morphometric changes (lumen surface, lumen diameter, and cell wall thickness and lumen surface/total fiber surface ratio) in pulling- and opposite-side fibers compared to control fibers. Changes in the relative amounts and spatial distribution of cell wall polymers in flax bast fibers were determined by Raman vibrational spectroscopy. Following spectra acquisition, datasets (control, pulling- and opposite sides) were analyzed by principal component analysis, PC score imaging, and Raman chemical cartography of significant chemical bonds. Our results show that gravitropic stress induces discrete but significant changes in the composition and/or spatial organization of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin within the cell walls of both pulling side and opposite side fibers.

Published
2022
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2. Biocultural Drivers Responsible for the Occurrence of a Cassava Bacterial Pathogen in Small-Scale Farms of Colombian Caribbean

Author

Darío Pérez, Anne Duputié, Christian Vernière, Boris Szurek, and Sophie Caillon

Subjects
agricultural practices, cassava bacterial blight (CBB), fertilizer use, land property, Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis, circulation of propagative propagules, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a primary crop for food security of millions of people worldwide. In Colombia, the Caribbean region contributes about half of the national cassava production, despite major socioeconomic constraints such as unequal land property, omnipresence of middlemen, low and unstable prices, armed conflict, climate change and phytosanitary issues. Among the latter is Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB), a disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm) that leads to irreversible damage to plants, impeding growth and productivity. In 2016, we analyzed the role of sociocultural and agricultural practices on CBB prevalence in small-scale fields of a village of the Colombian Caribbean region, where farmers live almost exclusively from the sale of their cassava production. Semi-structured interviews (48) were conducted with all farmers who cultivated cassava to document individual sociodemographic characteristics, cassava farming practices, and perceptions about CBB occurrence. Cassava Bacterial Blight was diagnosed in the field and the presence of Xpm was further confirmed upon laboratory analysis of collected diseased leaf samples. Our data show that (i) according to the risks perceived by farmers, CBB is the main disease affecting cassava crops in the village and it could indeed be detected in about half of the fields visited; (ii) CBB occurrence depends strongly on land property issues, likely because of an inadequate phytosanitary control during acquisition of cuttings when farmers are forced to rent the land; and (iii) there is a strong positive correlation between the use of commercial fertilizers and the occurrence of CBB in the village of Villa López.

Published
2022
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3. Comparative Analysis of G-Layers in Bast Fiber and Xylem Cell Walls in Flax Using Raman Spectroscopy

Author

Anne-Sophie Blervacq, Myriam Moreau, Anne Duputié, and Simon Hawkins

Subjects
bast fibers, Raman chemical imaging, flax, G-layer, gravitropic stress, confocal Raman spectroscopy, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

In a response to gravitropic stress, G-layers (gelatinous layers) were deposited in xylem cell walls of tilted flax plants. G-layers were produced in both tension wood (upper side) as expected but were also observed in opposite wood (lower side). Raman spectral profiles were acquired for xylem G-layers from the tension and opposite side as well as from the G-layer of bast fibers grown under non-tilted conditions. Statistical analysis by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) clearly distinguished bast fiber G-layers from xylem G-layers. Discriminating bands were observed for cellulose (380–1150–1376 cm–1), hemicelluloses (517–1094–1126–1452 cm–1) and aromatics (1270–1599–1658 cm–1). PCA did not allow separation of G-layers from tension/opposite-wood sides. In contrast, the two types of xylem G-layers could be incompletely discriminated through PLS-DA. Overall, the results suggested that while the architecture (polymer spatial distribution) of bast fibers G-layers and xylem G-layers are similar, they should be considered as belonging to a different cell wall layer category based upon ontogenetical and chemical composition parameters.

Published
2023
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4. Disentangling the origins of cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.).

Author

Caroline Roullier, Anne Duputié, Paul Wennekes, Laure Benoit, Víctor Manuel Fernández Bringas, Genoveva Rossel, David Tay, Doyle McKey, and Vincent Lebot

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., Convolvulaceae) counts among the most widely cultivated staple crops worldwide, yet the origins of its domestication remain unclear. This hexaploid species could have had either an autopolyploid origin, from the diploid I. trifida, or an allopolyploid origin, involving genomes of I. trifida and I. triloba. We generated molecular genetic data for a broad sample of cultivated sweet potatoes and its diploid and polyploid wild relatives, for noncoding chloroplast and nuclear ITS sequences, and nuclear SSRs. Our data did not support an allopolyploid origin for I. batatas, nor any contribution of I. triloba in the genome of domesticated sweet potato. I. trifida and I. batatas are closely related although they do not share haplotypes. Our data support an autopolyploid origin of sweet potato from the ancestor it shares with I. trifida, which might be similar to currently observed tetraploid wild Ipomoea accessions. Two I. batatas chloroplast lineages were identified. They show more divergence with each other than either does with I. trifida. We thus propose that cultivated I. batatas have multiple origins, and evolved from at least two distinct autopolyploidization events in polymorphic wild populations of a single progenitor species. Secondary contact between sweet potatoes domesticated in Central America and in South America, from differentiated wild I. batatas populations, would have led to the introgression of chloroplast haplotypes of each lineage into nuclear backgrounds of the other, and to a reduced divergence between nuclear gene pools as compared with chloroplast haplotypes.

Published
2013
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6. Maintien du potentiel adaptatif chez les plantes domestiquées à propagation clonale

Author

Doyle McKey, Marianne Elias, Benoît Pujol, Anne Duputié, Marc Delêtre, and Delphine Renard

Subjects
agroecology, Amazonia, cassava, clonal propagation, domestication, farmers’ practices, Anthropology, GN1-890
Abstract

We studied how Amerindian cultivators of manioc in Amazonia simultaneously maintain the genetic diversity and the agronomic performance of their populations of this plant. A shrub domesticated in Amazonia probably over 7000 years ago, manioc is today the staple food for over a billion people throughout the tropical world. It is propagated by farmers by stem cuttings : a small section of stem is cut from a mature plant and directly planted in the ground. This amounts to cloning. Cloning is the only efficient way to “capture” and multiply initially rare favourable phenotypes in habitually outcrossed plants such as manioc. However, practiced to the exclusion of sexual reproduction, clonal propagation can lead to erosion of genetic diversity of crop populations, and thus to the loss of the plant’s potential to adapt to stresses such as droughts or the advent of a new pathogen. We have shown that Amerindian cultivators regularly incorporate “volunteer” plants issued from spontaneously produced seedlings into their stocks of clones. These plants are recruited from a bank of dormant seeds in the soil. Seeds of manioc can remain dormant in soil for up to several decades, germinating when a disturbance creates the open conditions favourable for establishment. Each volunteer plant from seed is a new recombinant genotype, and the incorporation of these plants by farmers in their stocks of clones maintains genetic diversity in the population. However, the mating system in manioc populations in Amerindian fields is highly inbred, and agronomic performance of inbred individuals is very low. By highly selective incorporation of volunteer plants – via processes that combine both natural and artificial selection – Amerindian cultivators are able to maintain simultaneously genetic diversity and agronomic performance of their manioc populations, combining sexual reproduction and clonal propagation in a way that reaps the benefits of each mode of reproduction while minimizing their respective disadvantages. In regions where manioc has been introduced since the “discovery” of America by Europeans, the technical knowledge of Amerindian cultivators about the use of products of manioc’s sexual reproduction has not been introduced along with the plant. We examine the potential consequences of the slow and patchy reinvention of this knowledge for manioc’s continued contribution to food security.

Published
2012
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7. H19 antisense RNA can up-regulate Igf2 transcription by activation of a novel promoter in mouse myoblasts.

Author

Van Giang Tran, Franck Court, Anne Duputié, Etienne Antoine, Nathalie Aptel, Laura Milligan, Françoise Carbonell, Marie-Noëlle Lelay-Taha, Jacques Piette, Michaël Weber, Didier Montarras, Christian Pinset, Luisa Dandolo, Thierry Forné, and Guy Cathala

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

It was recently shown that a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), that we named the 91H RNA (i.e. antisense H19 transcript), is overexpressed in human breast tumours and contributes in trans to the expression of the Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) gene on the paternal chromosome. Our preliminary experiments suggested that an H19 antisense transcript having a similar function may also be conserved in the mouse. In the present work, we further characterise the mouse 91H RNA and, using a genetic complementation approach in H19 KO myoblast cells, we show that ectopic expression of the mouse 91H RNA can up-regulate Igf2 expression in trans despite almost complete unmethylation of the Imprinting-Control Region (ICR). We then demonstrate that this activation occurs at the transcriptional level by activation of a previously unknown Igf2 promoter which displays, in mouse tissues, a preferential mesodermic expression (Pm promoter). Finally, our experiments indicate that a large excess of the H19 transcript can counteract 91H-mediated Igf2 activation. Our work contributes, in conjunction with other recent findings, to open new horizons to our understanding of Igf2 gene regulation and functions of the 91H/H19 RNAs in normal and pathological conditions.

Published
2012
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8. Idiosyncratic shifts in life‐history traits at species' geographic range edges

Author

Mathilde Latron, Jean‐François Arnaud, Eric Schmitt, Anne Duputié, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), and Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cochlearia danica, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, Viola tricolor ssp. curtisii, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], reproductive success, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Crithmum maritimum, dispersal abilities, shifting geographic range, trailing and leading edge, phenology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Claytonia perfoliata
Abstract

International audience; Anthropogenic changes drive shifts in species' geographic distributions and increase the occurrence of leading or trailing-edge marginal populations. Theoretical predictions and empirical observations indicate substantial changes in life-history traits in marginal populations, often involving dispersal and reproductive abilities. Using a common garden experiment, we studied the variation of life-history traits of populations sampled on spatial gradients extending from range-core to range-edge habitats for three expanding (miner's lettuce Claytonia perfoliata, Danish scurvygrass Cochlearia danica and rock samphire Crithmum maritimum) and one receding plant species (dune pansy Viola tricolor subs. curtisii). We monitored life-history traits related to dispersal, phenology, survival, reproductive output and selfing ability. Significant shifts in life-history traits between central and marginal populations strongly differed among species. Marginal populations of the three expanding species displayed modified seed weight in natura, suggesting increased dispersal abilities in leading-edge populations. Discarding unassessed maternal effects, this trait modification can be due to phenotypic plasticity or to genetic differentiation. In miner's lettuce, marginal expanding populations show advanced phenology and higher reproductive output, that may potentially influence their colonization ability. In rock samphire, life-history traits showed large intra-and inter-population variability that did not follow a core-to-edge geographic trend, except for seed size. Finally, the receding populations of the dune pansy displayed a shift towards a plant architecture maximizing survival but reducing individual reproductive success. Altogether, our results indicated a common trend for increased dispersal abilities in marginal populations of expanding species. However, shifts in species' distributions may drive idiosyncratic changes in other life-history traits, for which we observed no general evolutionary syndrome at range edges. These findings go along a stochastic view of trait evolution during range expansion, and question how to draw predictive projections of species' distribution shifts under current global change.

Published
2022

9. Coupling ecological network analysis with high-throughput sequencing-based surveys: Lessons from the next-generation biomonitoring project

Author

Maxime Dubart, Pascal Alonso, Didac Barroso-Bergada, Nathalie Becker, Kevin Bethune, David A. Bohan, Christophe Boury, Marine Cambon, Elsa Canard, Emilie Chancerel, Julien Chiquet, Patrice David, Natasha de Manincor, Sophie Donnet, Anne Duputié, Benoît Facon, Erwan Guichoux, Tâm Le Minh, Sebastián Ortiz-Martínez, Lucie Piouceau, Ambre Sacco-Martret de Préville, Manuel Plantegenest, Céline Poux, Virginie Ravigné, Stéphane Robin, Marine Trillat, Corinne Vacher, Christian Vernière, François Massol, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA Paris-Saclay), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California, Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistique et Modélisation (LPSM (UMR_8001)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE32-0011,NGB,Biosurveillance Next-Gen des changements dans la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes(2017), ANR-14-CE02-0012,ARSENIC,Adaptation et résilience des réseaux écologiques spatialisés face aux changements d'origine humaine(2014), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Bangor University, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), CHU Lille, 14-CE02-0012, 17-CE32-0011, 18-CE02-0010, 2016-1R20301-00007218, ANR-10-EQPX-16-01, European Commission, EC: 2003227, Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, MESR, Conseil Régional Aquitaine: 20030304002FA, 20040305003FA, Région Hauts-de-France, Bohan D.A.Dumbrell A.J.Vanbergen A.J., and ANR-18-CE02-0010,EcoNet,Modèles statistiques avancés pour les réseaux écologiques(2018)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecological networks, Logic-based machine learning, Next-generation sequencing, Microbiomese, Microbiomes, High throughput sequencing, DNA, eDNA, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Network inference, Next-generation biomonitoring
Abstract

International audience; Biomonitoring ecosystems is necessary in order to evaluate risks and to efficiently manage ecosystems and their associated services. Agrosystems are the target of multiple stressors that can affect many species through effects cascading along food webs. However, classic biomonitoring, focused on species diversity or indicator species, might be a poor predictor of the risk of such whole-ecosystem perturbations. Thanks to high-throughput sequencing methods, however, it might be possible to obtain sufficient information about entire ecological communities to infer the functioning of their associated interaction networks, and thus monitor more closely the risk of the collapse of entire food webs due to external stressors. In the course of the ‘next-generation biomonitoring’ project, we collectively sought to experiment with this idea of inferring ecological networks on the basis of metabarcoding information gathered on different systems. We here give an overview of issues and preliminary results associated with this endeavour and highlight the main difficulties that such next-generation biomonitoring is still facing. Going from sampling protocols up to methods for comparing inferred networks, through biomolecular, bioinformatic, and network inference, we review all steps of the process, with a view towards generality and transferability towards other systems. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2021

10. Population collapse in viviparid gastropods of the Lake Victoria ecoregion started before the Last Glacial Maximum

Author

Anne Duputié, Camille Roux, Bert Van Bocxlaer, Catharina Clewing, Christian Albrecht, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Justus Liebig University, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Department of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology [Mbarara] (MUST), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), and ANR-17-CE02-0015,EVOLINK,Lier les processus micro- et macro-évolutifs impliqués dans les mollusques dulcicoles du Rift Est Africain(2017)

Subjects
Gene Flow, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Pleistocene, Nile perch, Gastropoda, Population, Biology, phylogeography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, 03 medical and health sciences, approximate Bayesian computation, Ecoregion, Genetics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Bellamya, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, Genetic Variation, Bayes Theorem, Last Glacial Maximum, Cichlids, genetic diversity, biology.organism_classification, Haplochromine, Lakes, 030104 developmental biology, Population bottleneck, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Viviparidae, human activities
Abstract

International audience; Ecosystems of Lake Victoria and riparian communities have been strongly disrupted by the introduction of the invasive Nile perch and its fishing industry. Beyond this invasion and other recent anthropogenic stressors, the Lake Victoria ecoregion also underwent phases of pronounced aridity over the Late Pleistocene, lastly during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The consequences of recent and historic environmental change have been canvassed for the adaptive radiation of haplochromine cichlids occupying the ecoregion, but their effect on freshwater invertebrate diversity remains largely unknown. Here we use 15 microsatellite loci and approximate Bayesian computation to test whether viviparid gastropods experienced a population bottleneck during the LGM, as did cichlids. Clustering analyses support three viviparid gene pools in the Lake Victoria ecoregion, gathering specimens from 1) Lake Albert and the White Nile, 2) the Victoria Nile and Lake Kyoga and 3) Lake Victoria and tributaries. The last group contains the highest genetic diversity, but all groups have a considerable number of private alleles and are inferred to predate the LGM. Examinations of demographic history reveal a 190-to 500-fold population decline that started ~125-150 ka ago, thus substantially before the LGM bottleneck documented in haplochromine cichlids. Population collapses in viviparids are an order of magnitude more severe than declines in cichlids and have not been halted by the re-establishment of freshwater ecosystems since the LGM. Recent anthropogenic ecosystem deterioration is causing homogenization of previously diversified microhabitats, which may contribute to (local) extinction and enhanced gene flow among species within gene pools.

Published
2020

11. Effects of contemporary shifts of range margins on patterns of genetic structure and mating system in two coastal plant species

Author

Jean-François Arnaud, Héloïse Ferla, Cécile Godé, Anne Duputié, Mathilde Latron, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 [Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)], and Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP))

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Seed dispersal, expanding and contracting range edges, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, peripheral populations, 03 medical and health sciences, Viola, Genetics, Inbreeding depression, mating system, range limit, Genetics (clinical), Ecosystem, Population Density, Genetic diversity, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Inbreeding Depression, Geography, Ecology, Population size, Reproduction, Selfing, Genetic Variation, genetic differentiation, genetic diversity, 15. Life on land, Mating system, Europe, Phylogeography, 030104 developmental biology, Genetics, Population, Genetic structure, Biological dispersal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Apiaceae, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

International audience; Species' geographical ranges are often restricted due to niche limitation resulting in geographical isolation and reduced population size at range margins. Under the 'abundant center' paradigm, static marginal populations are thus expected to show higher genetic differentiation and lower genetic diversity than core populations. Low mate availability may also drive shifts towards higher propensity for selfing in geographically marginal populations. However, these predictions remain to be validated for contemporary range shifts occurring under current environmental change. This study is devoted to bridging this gap and assesses the spatial patterns of genetic structure and mating system across the geographical range of two coastal plant species characterized by contrasting contemporary range dynamics: the receding myrmecochorous Dune pansy (Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii) and the widespread expanding hydrochorous Rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum). Both species exhibited high propensity for selfing, with indications of inbreeding depression acting at early life stages. In Dune pansy, a biogeographical break was observed between core and marginal populations, with trailing-edge populations showing higher levels of genetic differentiation, reduced genetic diversity and higher levels of selfing estimated through progeny arrays. In contrast, genetic structuring was weak in Rock samphire and no clear spatial trends were observed in genetic diversity nor in mating system, likely the result of efficient long-distance seed dispersal by sea-surface currents. Our study highlights that key species differences in life-history traits related to dispersal and/or mate limitation modify the expectations of genetic diversity loss and mating system shift in contemporary range-expanding populations, as compared to historical core populations.

Published
2019

12. Limited validation of forecasted northward range shift in ten European tree species from a common garden experiment

Author

Anne Duputié, Isabelle Chuine, Morgane Merlin, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), Global warming, Forest management, Species distribution, Climate change, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Spatial distribution, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Forest ecology, Environmental science, Physical geography, Realized niche width, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

As climate change leads to global warming and modified precipitation patterns, the distribution of forest biomes and tree species is expected to shift towards higher latitudes and altitudes. Such shifts are currently projected by species distribution models fitted to different climate change scenarios. Field validation of these models for several life stages of different tree species is a necessity to adapt forest management and understand the future of forest ecosystems. The study presented here aims to assess whether signs of the projected near-future range shift, contraction or expansion of ten European forest tree species are already observable in survival and growth of their seedlings at the core, leading and trailing edges of their distribution. The results show limited validation of the projected near-future changes in spatial distribution: seedling survival and growth paralleled modelled near-future habitat suitability for the three Mediterranean/Southern species, whereas cold-adapted species showed limited validation of model projections with lower growth and survival at their trailing edge; and widespread species showed inconsistent performance with model projections. Individuals of contrasting provenances did not show strong differences in survival; however they did show substantial differences in growth. The role of extreme events and biotic interactions might prove to be more important factors into shaping the future realized niche and the distribution of these species and thus should be investigated to complete the current studies on latitudinal and altitudinal shifts in relation to climate change.

Published
2018

13. REVIEW: Predictive ecology in a changing world

Author

Gael J. Kergoat, Laurence Meslin, Luc Doyen, Dominique Joly, Romain Julliard, Philippe Jarne, Michel Loreau, Frankl M. Schurr, Nicolas Mouquet, Roger Pradel, Olivier Gimenez, Hélène Morlon, Wilfried Thuiller, Sonia Kéfi, Yvan Lagadeuc, Xavier Morin, Denis Faure, Damien Eveillard, Vincent Devictor, Gilles Pinay, Franck Jabot, Eric Garnier, Anne Duputié, Serge Morand, Philippe Huneman, Sandra Lavorel, Line Le Gall, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation ( UMR MARBEC ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] ( ECOBIO ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -INEE-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes ( OSUR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), inconnu temporaire UPEMLV, Inconnu, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 ( Evo-Eco-Paléo ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique ( LINA ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule ( I2BC ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Meudon ), ONERA, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive ( CEFE ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 ( UM3 ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques ( IHPST ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris ( DEC ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'ingénierie pour les systèmes complexes ( UR LISC ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Ecologie, CNRS/Université Paris-Sud UMR9191, IRD UMR247, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations ( CBGP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine ( LECA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) ( IBENS ), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UR Riverly, Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments ( AFSSA ), AFSSA, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology (disciplines), Big data, Context (language use), Biology, Ecological systems theory, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Order (exchange), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, business.industry, L70 - Sciences et hygiène vétérinaires - Considérations générales, 15. Life on land, Open data, 13. Climate action, Anticipation (artificial intelligence), CLARITY, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, business
Abstract

1. In a rapidly changing world, ecology has the potential to move from empirical and conceptual stages to application and management issues. It is now possible to make large-scale predictions up to continental or global scales, ranging from the future distribution of biological diversity to changes in ecosystem functioning and services. With these recent developments, ecology has a historical opportunity to become a major actor in the development of a sustainable human society. With this opportunity, however, also comes an important responsibility in developing appropriate predictive models, correctly interpreting their outcomes and communicating their limitations. There is also a danger that predictions grow faster than our understanding of ecological systems, resulting in a gap between the scientists generating the predictions and stakeholders using them (conservation biologists, environmental managers, journalists, policymakers). 2. Here, we use the context provided by the current surge of ecological predictions on the future of biodiversity to clarify what prediction means, and to pinpoint the challenges that should be addressed in order to improve predictive ecological models and the way they are understood and used. 3. Synthesis and applications. Ecologists face several challenges to ensure the healthy development of an operational predictive ecological science: (i) clarity on the distinction between explanatory and anticipatory predictions; (ii) developing new theories at the interface between explanatory and anticipatory predictions; (iii) open data to test and validate predictions; (iv) making predictions operational; and (v) developing a genuine ethics of prediction.

Published
2015

14. Polymorphic nuclear markers for coastal plant species with dynamic geographic distributions, the rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum) and the vulnerable dune pansy (Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii)

Author

Cécile Godé, Mathilde Latron, Anne Duputié, Héloïse Ferla, Jean-François Arnaud, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP))

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Gene Flow, Genetic Markers, Heterozygote, Genotype, Range (biology), Species distribution, Population, Endangered species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Viola, Crithmum, Genetics, 14. Life underwater, education, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Polymorphism, Genetic, biology, Geography, Ecology, Selfing, Genetic Variation, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Genetics, Population, Genetic structure, Apiaceae, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Identifying spatial patterns of genetic differentiation across a species range is critical to set up conservation and restoration decision-making. This is especially timely, since global change triggers shifts in species’ geographic distribution and in the geographical variation of mating system and patterns of genetic differentiation, with varying consequences at the trailing and leading edges of a species’ distribution. Using 454 pyrosequencing, we developed nuclear microsatellite loci for two plant species showing a strictly coastal geographical distribution and contrasting range dynamics: the expanding rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum, 21 loci) and the highly endangered and receding dune pansy (Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii, 12 loci). Population genetic structure was then assessed by genotyping more than 100 individuals from four populations of each of the two target species. Rock samphire displayed high levels of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.38), and a genetic structure typical of a mostly selfing species (FIS ranging from 0.16 to 0.58). Populations of dune pansy showed a less pronounced level of population structuring (FST = 0.25) and a genotypic structure more suggestive of a mixed-mating system when excluding two loci with heterozygote excess. These results demonstrate that the genetic markers developed here are useful to assess the mating system of populations of these two species. They will be tools of choice to investigate phylogeographical patterns and variation in mating system over the geographical distribution ranges for two coastal plant species that are subject to dynamic evolution due to rapid contemporary global change.

Published
2017

15. Prediction of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) xeric limit using a regional climate model: An example from southeast Europe

Author

Dejan Stojanović, Bratislav Matović, Anne Duputié, Srdjan Stojnic, Saša Orlović, Aleksandra Kržič, Vladimir Djurdjevic, and Zoran Galić

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Forest management, Climate change, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Deserts and xeric shrublands, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Fagus sylvatica, Climatology, Environmental science, Climate model, Limit (mathematics), Physical geography, Glacial period, Agronomy and Crop Science, Beech, 010606 plant biology & botany, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Ellenberg's climate quotient (EQ), which is a simple biometeorological index, was used to predict the xeric limit of the European beech distribution and potential future changes in Serbia (southeast Europe). The general aim of this study was to evaluate EQ as a predictive tool of the xeric limit of the beech at the southern edge of its distribution and to predict future changes in the xeric limit. The novelty of this study is its assessment of EQ accuracy for Serbia, the beech populations of which were separated from Central European refugia during the last glacial period. Climate projections from the coupled regional climate model EBU-POM were used to predict the changes in the xeric limit in the 21st century. The computation of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves showed that EQ had “good” and “fair” predictive ability for two samples. Using three threshold criteria and different samples, the beech xeric limit in Serbia for the reference period of 1961–1990 varied between EQ values of 20.1 and 29.5. Significant changes in the beech xeric limits were predicted for the 21st century. The EQ calculations for 2001–2030 (A1B scenario) predicted that more than 20% of the present-day beech forests will be located outside of the ideal bioclimatic niche characterised by EQ ≤ 30 that was proposed by Ellenberg. For 2071–2100 (A1B and A2 scenarios), up to 90% of the current beech forests are expected to be located outside of that niche, and approximately 50% will be located beyond the limit EQ = 40 for which beech mass mortalities have been observed. The results suggest an urgent need for the development of adaptive forest management strategies for beech in this region.

Published
2013

16. Geographic differences in patterns of genetic differentiation among bitter and sweet manioc (Manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta; Euphorbiaceae)

Author

E. Jane Bradbury, Alexandra Narváez-Trujillo, Caroline Roullier, Joseph Manu-Aduening, Eve Emshwiller, Doyle McKey, Marc Delêtre, and Anne Duputié

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Manihot, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Genetics, Domestication, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, biology, Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae, Genetic Variation, South America, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Phylogeography, Ethnobotany, Africa, Genetic structure, Microsatellite, Key (lock), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Manioc (Manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta), one of the most important tropical food crops, is commonly divided according to cyanide content into two use-categories, "sweet" and "bitter." While bitter and sweet varieties are genetically differentiated at the local scale, whether this differentiation is consistent across continents is yet unknown. • METHODS Using eight microsatellite loci, we genotyped 522 manioc samples (135 bitter and 387 sweet) from Ecuador, French Guiana, Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana, and Vanuatu. Genetic differentiation between use-categories was assessed using double principal coordinate analyses (DPCoA) with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Jost's measure of estimated differentiation (D(est)). Genetic structure was analyzed using Bayesian clustering analysis. • KEY RESULTS Manioc neutral genetic diversity was high in all sampled regions. Sweet and bitter manioc landraces are differentiated in South America but not in Africa. Correspondingly, bitter and sweet manioc samples share a higher proportion of neutral alleles in Africa than in South America. We also found seven clones classified by some farmers as sweet and by others as bitter. • CONCLUSIONS Lack of differentiation in Africa is most likely due to postintroduction hybridization between bitter and sweet manioc. Inconsistent transfer from South America to Africa of ethnobotanical knowledge surrounding use-category management may contribute to increased hybridization in Africa. Investigating this issue requires more data on the variation in cyanogenesis in roots within and among manioc populations and how manioc diversity is managed on the farm.

Published
2013

17. How do genetic correlations affect species range shifts in a changing environment?

Author

François Massol, Ophélie Ronce, Isabelle Chuine, Mark Kirkpatrick, and Anne Duputié

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Ecology, Range (biology), Lag, Species distribution, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Spatial heterogeneity, 010601 ecology, Evolutionary biology, Trait, Adaptation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm), Local adaptation
Abstract

Species may be able to respond to changing environments by a combination of adaptation and migration. We study how adaptation affects range shifts when it involves multiple quantitative traits evolving in response to local selection pressures and gene flow. All traits develop clines shifting in space, some of which may be in a direction opposite to univariate predictions, and the species tracks its environmental optimum with a constant lag. We provide analytical expressions for the local density and average trait values. A species can sustain faster environmental shifts, develop a wider range and greater local adaptation when spatial environmental variation is low (generating low migration load) and multitrait adaptive potential is high. These conditions are favoured when nonlinear (stabilising) selection is weak in the phenotypic direction of the change in optimum, and genetic variation is high in the phenotypic direction of the selection gradient.

Published
2012

18. Evolutionary biogeography of Manihot (Euphorbiaceae), a rapidly radiating Neotropical genus restricted to dry environments

Author

Doyle McKey, Anne Duputié, and Jan Salick

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Manihot, Range (biology), Biogeography, Seed dispersal, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Habitat, Genus, Adaptive radiation, Biological dispersal, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Aim The aims of this study were to reconstruct the phylogeny of Manihot, a Neotropical genus restricted to seasonally dry areas, to yield insight into its biogeographic history, and to identify the closest wild relatives of a widely grown, yet poorly known, crop: cassava (Manihot esculenta). Location Dry and seasonally dry regions of Meso- and South America. Methods We collected 101 samples of Manihot, representing 52 species, mostly from herbaria, and two outgroups (Jatropha gossypiifolia and Cnidoscolus urens). More than half of the currently accepted Manihot species were included in our study; our sampling covered the whole native range of the genus, and most of its phenotypic and ecological variation. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships among Manihot species using sequences for two nuclear genes and a non-coding chloroplast region. We then reconstructed the history of traits related to growth form, dispersal ecology and regeneration ability. Results Manihot species from Mesoamerica form a grade basal to South American species. The latter species show a strong biogeographic clustering: species from the cerrado form well defined clades, species from the caatinga of north-eastern Brazil form another, and so do species restricted to forest gaps along the rim of the Amazon basin. Vine and tree growth habits evolved repeatedly in the genus, as did fruit indehiscence and loss of ant-mediated seed dispersal. Main conclusions The genus Manihot probably originated in Mesoamerica, where it diversified prior to colonizing South America. Within South America, several groups then radiated southwards and eastwards within all kinds of seasonally dry lowland habitats. Some species also adapted to more humid environments, such as forest gaps, around the rim of the Amazon basin. Given the limited dispersal abilities of Manihot species, we propose that this radiation is most likely to have occurred only after, or shortly before, the completion of the Isthmus of Panama, around 3.5 Ma. Our results are in agreement with the past existence of a corridor of dry vegetation through Amazonia or along the eastern South American coast. In addition, our phylogeny allows identification of cassava’s closest wild relatives.

Published
2011

19. ASYMMETRIC PATCH SIZE DISTRIBUTION LEADS TO DISRUPTIVE SELECTION ON DISPERSAL

Author

Patrice David, Philippe Jarne, Anne Duputié, and François Massol

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Disruptive selection, Ecology, Biodiversity, Inclusive fitness, Kin selection, 15. Life on land, Biology, Diversification (marketing strategy), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Spatial heterogeneity, Evolutionarily stable strategy, 010601 ecology, Genetics, Biological dispersal, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Numerous models have been designed to understand how dispersal ability evolves when organisms live in a fragmented landscape. Most of them predict a single dispersal rate at evolutionary equilibrium, and when diversification of dispersal rates has been predicted, it occurs as a response to perturbation or environmental fluctuation regimes. Yet abundant variation in dispersal ability is observed in natural populations and communities, even in relatively stable environments. We show that this diversification can operate in a simple island model without temporal variability: disruptive selection on dispersal occurs when the environment consists of many small and few large patches, a common feature in natural spatial systems. This heterogeneity in patch size results in a high variability in the number of related patch mates by individual, which, in turn, triggers disruptive selection through a high per capita variance of inclusive fitness. Our study provides a likely, parsimonious and testable explanation for the diversity of dispersal rates encountered in nature. It also suggests that biological conservation policies aiming at preserving ecological communities should strive to keep the distribution of patch size sufficiently asymmetric and variable.

Published
2010

20. Population genetics ofManihot esculentassp.flabellifoliagives insight into past distribution of xeric vegetation in a postulated forest refugium area in northern Amazonia

Author

Doyle McKey, Jean-Jacques de Granville, Anne Duputié, Marc Delêtre, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Botany Department, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Trinity College Dublin, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
INSELBERG, Gene Flow, 0106 biological sciences, FORET, Manihot, DNA, Plant, Genotype, MICROSATELLITE, Population genetics, PALEOENVIRONNEMENT, STRUCTURE DE POPULATION, SAVANE, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, GENETIQUE DE POPULATION, Evolution, Molecular, PLANTE CULTIVEE, 03 medical and health sciences, DISPERSION, Refugium (population biology), Genetics, MANIOC, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ZONE REFUGE, 030304 developmental biology, VARIATION SECULAIRE, 0303 health sciences, SECHERESSE, biology, Ecology, INTROGRESSION, ZONE COTIERE, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, French Guiana, HYBRIDATION, Genetics, Population, Taxon, Habitat, PLANTE SAUVAGE, VARIATION SPATIALE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Hybridization, Genetic, Biological dispersal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; The Guianas have often been proposed as a forest refugium; however, this view has received little testing. Studies of population genetics of forest taxa suggest that the central part of French Guiana remained forested, while the southern part (currently forested) may have harboured more open vegetation. Insights into the population structure of species restricted to non-forested habitats can help test this hypothesis. Using six microsatellite loci, we investigated the population genetics of French Guianan accessions of Manihot esculenta ssp. flabellifolia, a taxon restricted to coastal savannas and to rocky outcrops in the densely forested inland. Coastal populations were highly differentiated from one another, and our data suggest a recent colonization of these savannas by M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia in a west-to-east process. Coastal populations were strongly differentiated from inselberg populations, consistent with an ancient separation of these two groups, with no or low subsequent gene flow. This supports the hypothesis that the central part of the region may have remained forested since the last glacial maximum, impeding the establishment of Manihot. Contrary to coastal populations, inselberg Manihot populations were strikingly homogeneous, at a broad spatial scale. This suggests they were connected until recently, either by a large continuous savanna area, or by smaller, temporary disturbed areas shifting in space.

Published
2009

21. Natural hybridization between a clonally propagated crop, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and a wild relative in French Guiana

Author

Patrice David, Doyle McKey, C. Debain, and Anne Duputié

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Linkage disequilibrium, education.field_of_study, biology, Manihot, Population, food and beverages, Zoology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, Sexual reproduction, Botany, Genetics, Microsatellite, Domestication, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 010606 plant biology & botany, Hybrid
Abstract

Because domestication rarely leads to speciation, domesticated populations often hybridize with wild relatives when they occur in close proximity. Little work has focused on this question in clonally propagated crops. If selection on the capacity for sexual reproduction has been relaxed, these crops would not be expected to hybridize with their wild relatives as frequently as seed-propagated crops. Cassava is one of the most important clonally propagated plants in tropical agriculture. Gene flow between cassava and wild relatives has often been postulated, but never demonstrated in nature. We studied a population of a wild Manihot sp. in French Guiana, which was recently in contact with domesticated cassava, and characterized phenotypes (10 morphological traits) and genotypes (six microsatellite loci) of individuals in a transect parallel to the direction of hypothesized gene flow. Wild and domesticated populations were strongly differentiated at microsatellite loci. We identified many hybrids forming a continuum between these two populations, and phenotypic variation was strongly correlated with the degree of hybridization as determined by molecular markers. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium and of the diversity of hybrid pedigrees showed that hybridization has gone on for at least three generations and that no strong barrier prevents admixture of the populations. Hybrids were more heterozygous than either wild or domesticated individuals, and phenotypic comparisons suggested heterosis in vegetative traits. Our results also suggest that this situation is not uncommon, at least in French Guiana, and demonstrate the need for integrated management of wild and domesticated populations even in clonally propagated crops.

Published
2007

22. How climate, migration ability and habitat fragmentation affect the projected future distribution of European beech

Author

Frédérik Saltré, Anne Duputié, Isabelle Chuine, Cédric Gaucherel, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Adelaide, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ANR 2009 PEXT 001105 SCION ANR EVORANGE ANR-09-PEXT-01102, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, demography, Hot Temperature, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Fagus sylvatica, Range (biology), Population Dynamics, Species distribution, Population, process-based species distribution model, Climate change, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fagus, Environmental Chemistry, Land use, land-use change and forestry, education, migration lag, Beech, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Gibbs-based migration model, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, Habitat fragmentation, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, biology, Plant Dispersal, Reproduction, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Droughts, Europe, climate change, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Seasons, habitat fragmentation
Abstract

International audience; Recent efforts to incorporate migration processes into species distribution models (SDMs) are allowing assessments of whether species are likely to be able to track their future climate optimum and the possible causes of failing to do so. Here, we projected the range shift of European beech over the 21st century using a process-based SDM coupled to a phenomenological migration model accounting for population dynamics, according to two climate change scenarios and one land use change scenario. Our model predicts that the climatically suitable habitat for European beech will shift north-eastward and upward mainly because (i) higher temperature and precipitation, at the northern range margins, will increase survival and fruit maturation success, while (ii) lower precipitations and higher winter temperature, at the southern range margins, will increase drought mortality and prevent bud dormancy breaking. Beech colonization rate of newly climatically suitable habitats in 2100 is projected to be very low (1-2% of the newly suitable habitats colonised). Unexpectedly, the projected realized contraction rate was higher than the projected potential contraction rate. As a result, the realized distribution of beech is projected to strongly contract by 2100 (by 36-61%) mainly due to a substantial increase in climate variability after 2050, which generates local extinctions, even at the core of the distribution, the frequency of which prevents beech recolonization during more favourable years. Although European beech will be able to persist in some parts of the trailing edge of its distribution, the combined effects of climate and land use changes, limited migration ability, and a slow life-history are likely to increase its threat status in the near future.

Published
2015

23. Phenological plasticity will not help all species adapt to climate change

Author

Anne Duputié, Ophélie Ronce, Isabelle Chuine, Alexis Rutschmann, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis (SEEM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Station Biologique du CNRS a Moulis, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), Climate, Niche, Species distribution, Climate change, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Models, Biological, phenology, Quercus, Fagus, Environmental Chemistry, Beech, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Phenotypic plasticity, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, biology, Phenology, species distribution model, Scots pine, climatic niche, sessile oak, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pinus, Adaptation, Physiological, European beech, Europe, Phenotype, climate change, 13. Climate action, Seasons
Abstract

International audience; Concerns are rising about the capacity of species to adapt quickly enough to climate change. In long-lived organismssuch as trees, genetic adaptation is slow, and how much phenotypic plasticity can help them cope with climatechange remains largely unknown. Here, we assess whether, where and when phenological plasticity is and will beadaptive in three major European tree species. We use a process-based species distribution model, parameterizedwith extensive ecological data, and manipulate plasticity to suppress phenological variations due to interannual, geo-graphical and trend climate variability, under current and projected climatic conditions. We show that phenologicalplasticity is not always adaptive and mostly affects fitness at the margins of the species’ distribution and climaticniche. Under current climatic conditions, phenological plasticity constrains the northern range limit of oak and beechand the southern range limit of pine. Under future climatic conditions, phenological plasticity becomes stronglyadaptive towards the trailing edges of beech and oak, but severely constrains the range and niche of pine. Our resultscall for caution when interpreting geographical variation in trait means as adaptive, and strongly point towards spe-cies distribution models explicitly taking phenotypic plasticity into account when forecasting species distributionunder climate change scenarios.

Published
2015

24. An empiricist's guide to theoretical predictions on the evolution of dispersal

Author

François Massol and Anne Duputié

Subjects
Biomaterials, Spatial structure, Ecology, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Biological dispersal, Bioengineering, Metapopulation, Articles, Empiricism, Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology
Abstract

Dispersal, the tendency for organisms to reproduce away from their parents, influences many evolutionary and ecological processes, from speciation and extinction events, to the coexistence of genotypes within species or biological invasions. Understanding how dispersal evolves is crucial to predict how global changes might affect species persistence and geographical distribution. The factors driving the evolution of dispersal have been well characterized from a theoretical standpoint, and predictions have been made about their respective influence on, for example, dispersal polymorphism or the emergence of dispersal syndromes. However, the experimental tests of some theories remain scarce partly because a synthetic view of theoretical advances is still lacking. Here, we review the different ingredients of models of dispersal evolution, from selective pressures and types of predictions, through mathematical and ecological assumptions, to the methods used to obtain predictions. We provide perspectives as to which predictions are easiest to test, how theories could be better exploited to provide testable predictions, what theoretical developments are needed to tackle this topic, and we place the question of the evolution of dispersal within the larger interdisciplinary framework of eco-evolutionary dynamics.

Published
2014

25. Where are the wild things? Why we need better data on species distribution

Author

Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Anne Duputié, Isabelle Chuine, Laboratoire de Génétique et Evolution des Populations Végétales, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, business.industry, Biome, Species distribution, Biodiversity, Distribution (economics), Climate change, Global change, 15. Life on land, Tree (data structure), Geography, 13. Climate action, Citizen science, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

International audience; Aim The effects of ongoing global change are causing increasing concern about the ability of species or biomes to shift or adapt. Tremendous efforts have been made to develop ever more sophisticated species distribution models to provide forecasts for the future of biodiversity. All these models rely on species occurrence data, either for calibration or validation.Here we evaluate (i) whether distribution data diverge among widely used sources, for supposedly well-known taxa, and (ii) to what extent these divergences affect species distribution models. Location Europe (as an example). Methods We compared the distribution maps of 21 of the most common Euro- pean trees, according to four large-scale, putatively reliable sources of distribution data. For each species, we compared the outputs of correlative species distribution models built using occurrence data from each of these sources of data. We also investigated howdiscrepancies in large-scale occurrence data affected the validation scores of two process-based tree distribution models. Results Maps of tree occurrence diverged in 8–74% of the forested area, depend- ing on species. These discrepancies affected projections of niche models: for example, 22–75% of the area projected as suitable by at least one model generated using one source of data was not projected as such by all other models. For most species, this proportion increased under scenarios of climate change, whatever the model used. To a lesser extent, uncertainties on current species distributions also affect the validation score of process-based distribution models. Main conclusions Reliable, widely used sources of occurrence data strongly diverge even for well-known taxa – the most common European trees. Scientists and stakeholders should acknowledge this gap in knowledge, since accurate data are a prerequisite to providing stakeholders with robust forecasts on biodiversity. Par- ticipatory science programmes and remote sensing techniques are promising tools for rapidly gathering such data. Keywords

Published
2014

26. Landscape structure and genetic architecture jointly impact rates of niche evolution

Author

Peter B. Pearman, Robert D. Holt, Rafael O. Wüest, Anne Duputié, Sébastien Lavergne, Frank M. Schurr, Justin M. J. Travis, Wilfried Thuiller, Katja Schiffers, Greg J. McInerny, Kara A. Moore, Vincent M. Eckhart, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Aberdeen, Laboratoire de Génétique et Evolution des Populations Végétales, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grinnell College, University of Oxford, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, University of Oxford [Oxford], and University of California

Subjects
[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, Landscape structure, Range (biology), [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Niche, 15. Life on land, Biology, Genetic architecture, Fixation (population genetics), Evolutionary biology, Trait, Biological dispersal, Adaptation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

International audience; Evolutionary adaptation is a key driver of species’ range dynamics. Understanding the factors that affect rates of adaptation at range margins is thus crucial for interpreting and predicting changes in species’ ranges. The spatial structure of environmental conditions is one of the determinants of whether and how quickly adaptations occur. However, while landscape structures at range edges are typically complex, most theoretical work has so far focused on relatively simple environmental geometries. Using an individual-based allelic model, we explore the effects of different landscape structures on the rate of adaptation to novel environments and investigate how these structures interact with the genetic architecture of the trait governing adaptation and the dispersal capacity of the considered species. Generally, we find that rapid adaptation is favored by a good match between the coarseness of the trait's genetic architecture (many loci of small effects versus few loci of large effects) and the coarseness of the landscape (abruptness of transitions in environmental conditions). For example, in rugged landscapes, adaptation is quicker for genetic architectures with few loci of large effects, while for shallow gradients the opposite is true. Moreover, dispersal capacities affect the rate of adaptation by modulating the ‘apparent coarseness’ of the landscape: a gradient perceived as smooth by species with limited dispersal capacities appears rather steep for highly dispersive ones. We also find that the distribution of evolving phenotypes strongly depends on the interplay of landscape structure and dispersal capacities, ranging from two distinct phenotypes for most rugged landscapes, over the co-occurrence of an additional third phenotype for highly dispersive species, to the whole range of phenotypes on smooth gradients. By identifying basic factors that drive the fixation probability of newly arising beneficial mutations, we hope to further broaden the understanding of evolutionary adaptation at range margins and, hence, species’ range dynamics.

Published
2014

28. Ecologie prédictive & changement planétaire

Author

Frédéric Austerlitz, Michael Blum, Sarah Calba, Jérôme Chave, Marc Choisy, Audrey Coreau, Vincent Devictor, Luc Doyen, Stéphane Dray, Anne Duputié, Damien Eveillard, Denis Faure, Charly Favier, Oscar Gaggiotti, Nicolas Galtier, Eric Garnier, Olivier Gimenez, Helene Guis, Vincent Herbreteau, Philippe Huneman, Franck Jabot, Philippe Jarne, Dominique Joly, Romain Julliard, Sonia Kéfi, Gael Kergoat, Gerard Lacroix, Yvan Lagadeuc, Sandra Lavorel, Jean-François Le Gaillard, Line Le Gall, Michel Loreau, Virginie Maris, Serge Morand, Xavier Morin, Hélène Morlon, Nicolas Mouquet, Gilles Pinay, Julien Pottier, Roger Pradel, Ophélie Ronce, Frank Schurr, Pascal Simonet, Céline Teplitsky, Wilfried Thuiller, Anne-Lise Tran, Samuel Venner, Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie (EAE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, University Joseph Fourier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), AgroParisTech, Centre Alexandre Koyré - Centre de Recherche en Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques (CAK-CRHST), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conservation des espèces, Restauration et Suivi des Populations (CERSP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hydrobiologie (UR HYAX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inst Sci Vegetal, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes (UMR CMAEE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques (IHPST), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'ingénierie pour les systèmes complexes (UR LISC), Centre de recherche Croissance et signalisation (UMR_S 845), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RBPE, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systématique, adaptation, évolution (SAE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Expt Ecol Stn, Ctr Biodivers Theory & Modelling, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées (CMAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Ampère, Département Bioingénierie (BioIng), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Thiébault, Stéphanie and Hadi, Halima, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Conservation des espèces, restauration et suivi des populations (CERSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UR 0874 Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP)-Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (EFPA), AFSSA, Ampère, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
CNRS8, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

29. Estimating consensus and associated uncertainty between inherently different species distribution models

Author

Isabelle Chuine, François Massol, Anne Duputié, Emmanuel Gritti, Gritti, Emmanuel, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Hydrobiologie (UR HYAX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), UE Agroclim (UE AGROCLIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, correlative distribution models, Computer science, Fagus sylvatica, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Species distribution, Biome, likelihood, climate change, environmental clustering of model errors, model assessment, Pinus sylvestris, process-based distribution models, Quercus robur, Extrapolation, Climate change, Deviance (statistics), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Econometrics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecological Modeling, Global change, 15. Life on land, Regression, 13. Climate action, Weighted arithmetic mean
Abstract

Summary 1. Forecasting shifts in biome and species distribution is crucially needed in the current context of global change. So far, most projections of vegetation distribution rely on correlative species distribution models (SDMs). Yet, process-based or hybrid models based on explicit physiological description may be more robust to extrapolation under future climatic conditions. Differences between model projections may be wide, leading to scepticism among environmental stakeholders. 2. Here, we propose to combine outputs of several distribution models based on physiological responses, to produce both consensual maps of occurrences and maps of associated uncertainty. The consensus map relies on the conditional projections of each SDM. Because the models used are based on processes, their errors are likely to vary consistently with climate as some processes not implemented in a model might be important under a given set of climatic conditions. Uncertainty of the consensus model is thus assessed through multimodel regression of deviance maps with respect to current climatic conditions, and can be extrapolated to forecast climates. 3. We illustrate this approach using three SDMs, on three widely distributed European trees (Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus robur L. and Pinus sylvestris L.), and project their distributions under two scenarios. The conditional consensus outperforms classical methods of model consensus (i.e. to use the mean, the median or a weighted average of individual SDM outputs) in projecting current occurrences. 4. Consistently, with the results of individual SDMs, the conditional consensus projects that the suitable areas for F. sylvatica and Q. robur will expand towards north-eastern Europe, while that of P. sylvestris will contract. Projections of future occurrence are most uncertain towards the margins of the distribution (particularly the trailing edge). 5. Our approach can help modellers identify the limitations of each SDM and stakeholders pinpoint the regions of models agreement and highest certainty.

Published
2013

30. Maintien du potentiel adaptatif chez les plantes domestiquées à propagation clonale

Author

Benoit Pujol, Delphine Renard, Doyle McKey, Anne Duputié, Marc Delêtre, and Marianne Elias

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Genetic resources, Forestry, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Nous avons etudie comment les Amerindiens d’Amazonie maintiennent a la fois la performance agronomique et la diversite genetique de leurs cultures de manioc. Domestique en Amazonie il y a probablement plus de 7000 ans, le manioc est aujourd’hui a la base de l’alimentation de pres d’un milliard de personnes. Cette plante est majoritairement reproduite par bouturage ; cette propagation clonale confere d’enormes avantages agronomiques, mais, pratiquee en excluant toute reproduction sexuee, elle peut conduire a l’appauvrissement genetique des populations domestiquees, donc a la perte de leurs capacites d’adaptation. Nous avons montre que les paysans amerindiens incorporent regulierement des plantes issues de graines a partir d’une banque de graines dormantes dans le sol. Toutes les plantes issues de graine correspondent a de nouveaux genotypes recombinants, et leur incorporation par les cultivateurs dans le stock de boutures maintient donc la diversite genetique des populations. Cependant, le regime de reproduction du manioc dans les champs amerindiens est fortement consanguin, et les individus consanguins souffrent d’une performance agronomique tres mediocre. Par l’incorporation tres selective des plantes issues de graines – via des processus associant selection naturelle et artificielle – les cultivateurs amerindiens parviennent a maintenir a la fois la diversite genetique et la performance agronomique de leurs populations de manioc, en combinant reproduction sexuee et propagation clonale de facon a beneficier des avantages des deux modes de reproduction tout en minimisant leurs inconvenients. Dans les regions ou le manioc a ete introduit depuis la « decouverte » de l’Amerique par les Europeens, les savoirs des cultivateurs amerindiens sur l’utilisation des produits de la reproduction sexuee n’ont pas ete introduits avec la plante, et nous examinons les consequences que la reinvention lente et heterogene de ces savoirs peut avoir pour la durabilite de la contribution du manioc a la securite alimentaire.

Published
2012

31. Disentangling the origins of cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

Author

Víctor Manuel Fernandez Bringas, Laure Benoit, Genoveva Rossel, Paul Wennekes, Anne Duputié, Vincent Lebot, Caroline Roullier, Doyle McKey, and David Tay

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Evolutionary Genetics, Plant Phylogenetics, Chloroplasts, Plant Evolution, Plant genetics, Ethnobotany, Plant Science, Plant Genetics, 01 natural sciences, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Ploidy, Ipomoea batatas, Phylogeny, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, food and beverages, Agriculture, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Gene Pool, Guatemala, Phylogeography, Medicine, Ecuador, Genome, Plant, Research Article, Crops, Agricultural, Nuclear gene, DNA, Plant, Genetic Speciation, Science, Introgression, Crops, Colombia, Ipomoea, Genes, Plant, Forms of Evolution, Evolution, Molecular, Polyploidy, 03 medical and health sciences, Polyploid, Botany, Genetic variation, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer, Genetics, Domestication, Mexico, Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Crop Genetics, Evolutionary Biology, Base Sequence, Population Biology, fungi, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, Plant Leaves, Haplotypes, Mutation, Genetic Polymorphism, Population Ecology, Population Genetics, 010606 plant biology & botany, Microsatellite Repeats, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Coevolution
Abstract

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., Convolvulaceae) counts among the most widely cultivated staple crops worldwide, yet the origins of its domestication remain unclear. This hexaploid species could have had either an autopolyploid origin, from the diploid I. trifida, or an allopolyploid origin, involving genomes of I. trifida and I. triloba. We generated molecular genetic data for a broad sample of cultivated sweet potatoes and its diploid and polyploid wild relatives, for noncoding chloroplast and nuclear ITS sequences, and nuclear SSRs. Our data did not support an allopolyploid origin for I. batatas, nor any contribution of I. triloba in the genome of domesticated sweet potato. I. trifida and I. batatas are closely related although they do not share haplotypes. Our data support an autopolyploid origin of sweet potato from the ancestor it shares with I. trifida, which might be similar to currently observed tetraploid wild Ipomoea accessions. Two I. batatas chloroplast lineages were identified. They show more divergence with each other than either does with I. trifida. We thus propose that cultivated I. batatas have multiple origins, and evolved from at least two distinct autopolyploidization events in polymorphic wild populations of a single progenitor species. Secondary contact between sweet potatoes domesticated in Central America and in South America, from differentiated wild I. batatas populations, would have led to the introgression of chloroplast haplotypes of each lineage into nuclear backgrounds of the other, and to a reduced divergence between nuclear gene pools as compared with chloroplast haplotypes.

Published
2012

32. How do genetic correlations affect species range shifts in a changing environment?

Author

Anne, Duputié, François, Massol, Isabelle, Chuine, Mark, Kirkpatrick, and Ophélie, Ronce

Subjects
Gene Flow, Population Density, Genetics, Population, Phenotype, Genetic Variation, Selection, Genetic, Adaptation, Physiological, Models, Biological
Abstract

Species may be able to respond to changing environments by a combination of adaptation and migration. We study how adaptation affects range shifts when it involves multiple quantitative traits evolving in response to local selection pressures and gene flow. All traits develop clines shifting in space, some of which may be in a direction opposite to univariate predictions, and the species tracks its environmental optimum with a constant lag. We provide analytical expressions for the local density and average trait values. A species can sustain faster environmental shifts, develop a wider range and greater local adaptation when spatial environmental variation is low (generating low migration load) and multitrait adaptive potential is high. These conditions are favoured when nonlinear (stabilising) selection is weak in the phenotypic direction of the change in optimum, and genetic variation is high in the phenotypic direction of the selection gradient.

Published
2012

33. Asymmetric patch size distribution leads to disruptive selection on dispersal

Author

François, Massol, Anne, Duputié, Patrice, David, and Philippe, Jarne

Subjects
Conservation of Natural Resources, Models, Genetic, Animals, Computer Simulation, Biodiversity, Selection, Genetic, Biological Evolution, Biota, Ecosystem
Abstract

Numerous models have been designed to understand how dispersal ability evolves when organisms live in a fragmented landscape. Most of them predict a single dispersal rate at evolutionary equilibrium, and when diversification of dispersal rates has been predicted, it occurs as a response to perturbation or environmental fluctuation regimes. Yet abundant variation in dispersal ability is observed in natural populations and communities, even in relatively stable environments. We show that this diversification can operate in a simple island model without temporal variability: disruptive selection on dispersal occurs when the environment consists of many small and few large patches, a common feature in natural spatial systems. This heterogeneity in patch size results in a high variability in the number of related patch mates by individual, which, in turn, triggers disruptive selection through a high per capita variance of inclusive fitness. Our study provides a likely, parsimonious and testable explanation for the diversity of dispersal rates encountered in nature. It also suggests that biological conservation policies aiming at preserving ecological communities should strive to keep the distribution of patch size sufficiently asymmetric and variable.

Published
2010

34. The evolutionary ecology of clonally propagated domesticated plants

Author

Doyle McKey, Marianne Elias, Benoit Pujol, Anne Duputié, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Biologie Intégrative des Populations, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Tissue Culture Techniques, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, Propagule, Evolutionary dynamics, Domestication, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Mating system, Biological Evolution, Clone Cells, Sexual reproduction, Evolutionary ecology, Adaptation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Summary While seed-propagated crops have contributed many evolutionary insights, evolutionary biologists have often neglected clonally propagated crops. We argue that widespread notions about their evolution under domestication are oversimplified, and that they offer rich material for evolutionary studies. The diversity of their wild ancestors, the diverse ecologies of the crop populations themselves, and the intricate mix of selection pressures, acting not only on the parts harvested but also on the parts used by humans to make clonal propagules, result in complex and diverse evolutionary trajectories under domestication. We examine why farmers propagate some plants clonally, and discuss the evolutionary dynamics of sexual reproduction in clonal crops. We explore how their mixed clonal ⁄ sexual reproductive systems function, based on the sole example studied in detail, cassava (Manihot esculenta). Biotechnology is now expanding the number of clonal crops, continuing the 10 000-yr-old trend to increase crop yields by propagating elite genotypes. In an era of rapid global change, it is more important than ever to understand how the adaptive potential of clonal crops can be maintained. A key component of strategies for preserving this adaptive potential is the maintenance of mixed clonal/sexual systems, which can be achieved by encouraging and valuing farmer knowledge about the sexual reproductive biology of their clonal crops. Contents Summary 318 I. Domesticated plants as model systems in evolutionary biology: bringing clonally propagated crops into the fold 319

Published
2010

35. Traditional Amerindian cultivators combine directional and ideotypic selection for sustainable management of cassava genetic diversity

Author

C. Haxaire, Patrice David, François Massol, Anne Duputié, Doyle McKey, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Hydrobiologie (UR HYAX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Médecine et Sciences de la Santé (UBO UFR MSS), Université de Brest (UBO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Heterozygote, Manihot, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, RELATEDNESS, Humans, Selection, Genetic, Domestication, Anthropology, Cultural, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, INBREEDING, Genetic diversity, Natural selection, business.industry, Directional selection, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, Agriculture, 15. Life on land, Biotechnology, Sexual reproduction, CASSAVA, Seedlings, Gene pool, business, Inbreeding, Microsatellite Repeats, ARTIFICIAL SELECTION, NATURAL SELECTION, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Plant domestication provides striking examples of rapid evolution. Yet, it involves more complex processes than plain directional selection. Understanding the dynamics of diversity in traditional agroecosystems is both a fundamental goal in evolutionary biology and a practical goal in conservation. We studied how Amerindian cultivators maintain dynamically evolving gene pools in cassava. Farmers purposely maintain diversity in the form of phenotypically distinct, clonally propagated landraces. Landrace gene pools are continuously renewed by incorporating seedlings issued from spontaneous sexual reproduction. This poses two problems: agronomic quality may decrease because some seedlings are inbred, and landrace identity may be progressively lost through the incorporation of unrelated seedlings. Using a large microsatellite dataset, we show that farmers solve these problems by applying two kinds of selection: directional selection against inbred genotypes, and counter-selection of off-type phenotypes, which maintains high intralandrace relatedness. Thus, cultural elements such as ideotypes (a representation of the ideal phenotype of a landrace) can shape genetic diversity

Published
2009

36. PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AND THE ORIGIN OF CASSAVA: NEW INSIGHTS FROM THE NORTHERN RIM OF THE AMAZONIAN BASIN

Author

C. Debain, Anne Duputié, Guillaume Léotard, Finn Kjellberg, Emmanuel J. P. Douzery, Doyle McKey, Jean-Jacques de Granville, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Connaissance des ressources végétales tropicales et de leurs usages (BIODIVAL), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Gene Flow, Manihot, DNA, Plant, Introgression, Range (biology), introgression, Subspecies, 01 natural sciences, Domestication, G3pdh, 03 medical and health sciences, domestication, Species Specificity, Botany, Genetics, Guianas, Hybridization, Molecular Biology, hybridization, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, Geography, Species diversity, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, French Guiana, Phylogeography, Taxon, Haplotypes, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

1. IntroductionThe origin of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is still unclear,although several recent studies have addressed this issue (Fregeneetal.,1994;Roaetal.,1997,2000;OlsenandSchaal,1999,2001;Eliaset al., 2000; Olsen, 2004). Rogers and Appan (1973) postulated thatcassava was a ‘‘compilo-species”, i.e., the result of hybridizationevents between several species, among them Manihot aesculifolia(Kunth) Pohl, a species endemic to Central America. On the otherhand,Allemhypothesizedthecroptobeissuedfromasinglespecies,Manihot esculenta, with two subspecies found only in the wild:Manihot esculenta ssp. flabellifolia (Pohl) Ciferri and Manihot escu-lenta ssp. peruviana (Muell. Arg.) Allem (Allem, 1994; Allem et al.,2001).Thesewildtaxatogetherhaveabroadecologicalrange,fromsouthwestern Amazonia to the savannas of the Guianas.Molecular studies have favored the latter scenario, generallyshowing that cassava was domesticated only once, in SouthAmerica,withnocontributionfromtheMesoamericanspeciespool,or at least not from M. aesculifolia (Roa et al., 1997, 2000; Olsen andSchaal, 1999, 2001; Olsen, 2004). Study of this and seven otherMesoamerican species (A. Duputie, unpublished data) show thatallareonlydistantlyrelatedtocassava,excludingthepossibilitythatcassava was domesticated in Central America. These studies,however,sufferseverallimitations.First,theyhaveconsideredonlya limited sample of domesticated cassava accessions. Second, theyoverlooked a part of the range of Manihot esculenta ssp. flabellifolia:whilethetaxonisdistributedonanarcpartiallycirclingtheAmazonbasin, from eastern Bolivia westwards to central Brazil eastwards,andintheGuianasandeasternVenezuelanorthwards,thesestudiesconsidered only samples from Brazil, thereby excluding any possi-bility of testing the hypothesis that cassava could have more thanone center of domestication. Yet, several other crops have beenshown to have been domesticated twice (e.g., the common bean,Gepts et al., 1986).The present study aims at filling some of these gaps. Olsen andSchaal (1999) sampled accessions of M. esculenta ssp. flabellifoliaand the closely related species M. pruinosa Pohl from Brazil and20 accessions of cultivated cassava from the CIAT core collection,a collection constituted with the goal of representing cassava’sgenetic and morphological diversity worldwide (Hershey et al.,1994). We combined their sample of wild Manihot with samplesof Manihot esculenta ssp. flabellifolia from the northern rim of theAmazonian basin, to cover most of the range of this taxon. Further-more, to test the hypothesis that cassava could have more than onecenter of domestication, we also broadened the sample of domes-ticated cassava to include landraces cultivated in the Guianas, thusfilling an acknowledged gap in earlier studies (Olsen and Schaal,2001). Even though these samples all come from the same region

Published
2009

37. Natural hybridization between a clonally propagated crop, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and a wild relative in French Guiana

Author

Anne, Duputié, Patrice, David, Chantal, Debain, and Doyle, McKey

Subjects
Crops, Agricultural, Manihot, Gene Frequency, Geography, Population Dynamics, Hybridization, Genetic, Alleles, Genome, Plant, Clone Cells, French Guiana
Abstract

Because domestication rarely leads to speciation, domesticated populations often hybridize with wild relatives when they occur in close proximity. Little work has focused on this question in clonally propagated crops. If selection on the capacity for sexual reproduction has been relaxed, these crops would not be expected to hybridize with their wild relatives as frequently as seed-propagated crops. Cassava is one of the most important clonally propagated plants in tropical agriculture. Gene flow between cassava and wild relatives has often been postulated, but never demonstrated in nature. We studied a population of a wild Manihot sp. in French Guiana, which was recently in contact with domesticated cassava, and characterized phenotypes (10 morphological traits) and genotypes (six microsatellite loci) of individuals in a transect parallel to the direction of hypothesized gene flow. Wild and domesticated populations were strongly differentiated at microsatellite loci. We identified many hybrids forming a continuum between these two populations, and phenotypic variation was strongly correlated with the degree of hybridization as determined by molecular markers. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium and of the diversity of hybrid pedigrees showed that hybridization has gone on for at least three generations and that no strong barrier prevents admixture of the populations. Hybrids were more heterozygous than either wild or domesticated individuals, and phenotypic comparisons suggested heterosis in vegetative traits. Our results also suggest that this situation is not uncommon, at least in French Guiana, and demonstrate the need for integrated management of wild and domesticated populations even in clonally propagated crops.

Published
2007

38. Transgenerational Immune Priming in the Field:Maternal Environmental Experience Leads to Differential Immune Transfer to Oocytes in the Marine Annelid Hediste diversicolor

Author

Aurélie Tasiemski, François Massol, Virginie Cuvillier-Hot, Clémentine Bernier, Céline Boidin-Wichlacz, Nina Hautekeete, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 [Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)], Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This research was funded by the Fédération de recherche IREPSE, the Région Hauts-de-France (VERMER project), the EC2CO Program (TRANS-LATE project), and the CPER CLIMIBIO program., Authors are grateful to Anne Duputié for her help with statistical tools, and to Laura Izydorczyk and Timothée Pennel for technical help., Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, maternal effect, antimicrobial peptide, Polychaeta, pollutants, hedistin, TGIP, immunity, lysozyme, MPII, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Zoology, Priming (immunology), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, [SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Immunity, biology.animal, Genetics, Genetics (clinical), Annelid, Maternal effect, Vertebrate, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 030104 developmental biology, Hediste diversicolor, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Paternal care, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

Transgenerational immune priming (TGIP) is an intriguing form of parental care which leads to the plastic adjustment of the progeny&rsquo, s immunity according to parental immune experience. Such parental effect has been described in several vertebrate and invertebrate taxa. However, very few empirical studies have been conducted from the field, with natural host-parasite systems and real ecological settings, especially in invertebrates. We investigated TGIP in wild populations of the marine annelid Hediste diversicolor. Females laid eggs in a mud tube and thus shared the local microbial threats with the first developmental stages, thus meeting expectations for the evolution of TGIP. We evidenced that a maternal bacterial challenge led to the higher antibacterial defense of the produced oocytes, with higher efficiency in the case of Gram-positive bacterial challenge, pointing out a prevalent role of these bacteria in the evolutionary history of TGIP in this species. Underlying mechanisms might involve the antimicrobial peptide hedistin that was detected in the cytoplasm of oocytes and whose mRNAs were selectively stored in higher quantity in mature oocytes, after a maternal immune challenge. Finally, maternal immune transfer was significantly inhibited in females living in polluted areas, suggesting associated costs and the possible trade-off with female&rsquo, s protection.

Published
2019

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