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Objective. To substantiate the use of the nanocomposite metal ceramics for the delayed cranioplasty in rats in the experiment based on the analysis of the results of spiral computed tomography and morphological investigations.Materials and methods. In the experiment, a delayed cranioplasty with the use of nanocomposite metal ceramics was performed in 10 white rats (body weight 300–450 g, average age 6–8 months old).Results. SCT data showed an absolute consolidation of used grafts with bone defect. The nanocomposite metal ceramic implant showed a high effectiveness for replacement of the bone defects and for the forming of the regenerate with the active participation of the surrounding tissues, especially blood vessels invasion into the implant.Conclusions. 1. The experiments results confirmed the possibility of large-flap craniotomy with the following delayed cranioplasty in rat bucks using nanocomposite metal ceramic.2. The use of the nanocomposite metal ceramic promotes to formation of newly formed bone tissue either dense or spongy one.3. The use of nanocomposite metal ceramic may be recommended for clinical trials.

Purpose. To study ultrastructural morphological changes of spasmodic femoris muscles and their dependence on morbidity terms.Materials and methods. 12 children with cerebral palsy aged from 2 to 8 years underwent myotomy of adductor femoris muscles and neurotomy of obturator nerve. 2x2 cm pieces of spasmodic adductor femoris muscles were incised during the surgery and provided for further electronic microscopy study. Ultrathin slices (60–70 nm) were proceeded through Reynolds technique and studied under EM-400T.Results. 3 general ultrastructural features of spasmodic muscles were identified during the study. Mild destructive changes-in children aged from 2 to 4 years, severe destructive changes in children aged from 5 to 6 years, severe outgrowth of connective tissue (muscle fibers were replaced by connective tissue) in children above 6 years of age. The long term presence of spasticity leads to permanent degradation of muscles, replacement of muscle fibers by connective tissue.Conclusion. 1. Focal adductor femoris muscles spasticity in children with cerebral palsy leads to severe degradation of muscles and even replacement by connective tissue.2. The severity of morphologic changes in spasmodic muscles depends on morbidity terms.

Elucidation of role HCMV in pathogenesis of glioblastomas is actual task.Objective: To investigate the presence of HCMV in cells of glioblastomas and to compare with immunologic and hematologic exponents of peripheral blood and size of glioma and its clinical features.Materials and methods: The presence of HCMV were examined in cells of 53 glioblastomas by means of indirect immunofluorescence with set “HCMV- monoscan” antibodies to protein pp 65 of HCMV (Russia). Proliferative answer was evaluated by means of the reaction blasttransformation on the different mutagens. Hematologic and clinical data were studied in cases reports.Results: HCMV was examined in 39 (73%) biopsies of glioblastomasfrom studied 53 cases. It was noted more low proliferative activity of T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages by using test with indometacyne undoubtedly in patients with HCMV in tumor some more sire of tumor (gate of MRT) in comparison with the patients which HCMV was not determined suggesting the possibility that immune status depends from presence of virus and anaplasia grades O glioma. It discusses some definite successiveness influence of HCMV on immune status contained the alternation of stages the activization and the suppression of immune answer of gliomas different anaplasia grades. It was noted the primary immune suppression in cases of glioblastomas.Conclusion: The presence HCMV in cells of glioblactomas correlates with suppression of T cells immune answer, this fact does not depends from age, sex, length of disease and peculiarity postoperative course. The size of tumor and more short period of remission correlates with the presence of virus in glioblastomas and rapid growth of tumor. Establishment of main links of the interaction HCMV, tumor and immune system gives the oppoturhute to use this data for the new approaches to antitumor therapy.

The purpose — to enrich suspension of glioma C6 cells in rats with stem tumor stem cells using lectins sorbed on plastic.Materials and methods. Lectins of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris — PHA), concanavalin (ConA), peanuts (peanut agglutinin — PNA), mistletoe (Mil), labrum anagyroides agglutinin (LABA), soybean (SBA) were used to separate glioma C6 cells.Glioma C6 cells were cultivated with sorbed lectins for 24 h and were injected into the brain of the rats.Results. Tumorogenic activity was significantly higher in fractions of cells adhered to plastic with adsorbed lectins PHA, ConA, PNA, LABA and SBA, that was an indirect evidence of these fractions enriched by tumor stem cells. Lectin Mil exert an antitumor effect that contributed to rats’ lifetime increasing.Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the possibility of tumor cells division using lectins.

Purpose: to develop measures of craniotomy for convenience and efficiency of delayed cranioplasty improving.Methods. A new method of delayed cranioplasty after large bone-flap craniotomy in rats was described using extra- and intracorporeal maintaining of the bone graft after removing a large portion (50%) of the scull cap and placing shims between dura mater and lamina vitrea and between dura mater and galea aponeurotica m. occipitofrontalis in the projection of the wound.Results. Complete restoration of the anatomic integrity of the bones of the skull cap was observed, there was no rough adhesions of soft tissue.Conclusions. The proposed technique allows to perform safe, efficient and convenient for the surgeon large bone-flap craniotomy followed low-impact delayed cranioplasty.

Introduction. In article modern views at a problem of treatment of critical hydrocephalus at children were analysed.Materials and methods. The purpose of research was to study the results of shunt operations of 96 children with critical hydrocephalus. Age of patients was from three months to two years. Ventriculoperitoneostomy was performed in all children. Histological research of biopsy materials of cerebral tissue were conducted in 10 cases. A catamnesis was followed for 2–17 years.Results. In 49% cases after operation good (in 19%) or satisfactory (in 30%) quality of patients’ life was achieved. At microscopic research of brain tissue the correlation of destructive changes rate and hydrocephalus severity, caused not only by hypertension, was established.Conclusions. At critical hydrocephalus changes in brain tissue mostly concern damage of glial cells. Maintenance of considerable part of neurons and glial cells proliferation are important pre-condition for neural cells reparation and cerebral functions renewing. Inflammatory and vascular etiology of hydrocephalus have negative influence.