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The article discusses the handling of the medieval past of English town sat the beginning of the 21stcentury. It isa case-study of Dunstablein Bedfordshire where there was conceived and implemented the project “Medieval Dunstable”. This example allow susto demonstrate the way the Middle Ages can be recreated in a place where there is little in terms of tangible medieval heritage, despite a spectacular medieval history. It also brings attention to the issue of the interaction (if there is any) between popular and academic knowledge. This case is considered within the context of local interest in history in England, as there is abundant number of local societies of different kind engaged in researching, disseminating, and promoting historical knowledge. In order to better understand the Dunstable’s project and perspective, two other examples of towns with somewhat similar medieval past — development under monastic lordship (Faversham in Kent and Reading in Berkshire) — are examined for their strategies in presenting towns’ medieval history. This comparison makes possible to determine some common trends in the interpretations of the medieval past and heritage and its presentation to the general public. Aspecialroleisplayedbynewtechnologies.

Although the incidence rate of retained surgical items (RSIs) is low, it remains an important cause of patient injury and can lead to harm, death and waste of time and resources when looking for the missing item. Perioperative counting of equipment is a common method to identify missing surgical items. We present a rare case report of a missing vessel loop that was suctioned by a suction irrigator device. The diagnosis of a RSIs is extremely important, special attention should be paid when suctioning body liquids, with small surgical items nearby to prevent incidences of missing items after the surgery.

A total of 449 barley accessions were phenotyped for Pyrenophora teres f. teres resistance at three locations and in greenhouse trials. Genome-wide association studies identified 254 marker-trait associations corresponding to 15 QTLs. Net form of net blotch is one of the most important diseases of barley and is present in all barley growing regions. Under optimal conditions, it causes high yield losses of 10-40% and reduces grain quality. The most cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to prevent losses is growing resistant cultivars, and markers linked to effective resistance factors can accelerate the breeding process. Here, 449 barley accessions expressing different levels of resistance comprising landraces and commercial cultivars from the centres of diversity were selected. The set was phenotyped for seedling resistance to three isolates in controlled-environment tests and for adult plant resistance at three field locations (Belarus, Germany and Australia) and genotyped with the 50 k iSelect chip. Genome-wide association studies using 33,818 markers and a compressed mixed linear model to account for population structure and kinship revealed 254 significant marker-trait associations corresponding to 15 distinct QTL regions. Four of these regions were new QTL that were not described in previous studies, while a total of seven regions influenced resistance in both seedlings and adult plants.

The article analyses the applicable scope of the right of the Cinque Ports, the Confederation of the ports of southeast England. This right is based on a number of privileges granted to the Confederation and was also recorded in the custumals of its towns-members. Moreover, there was a procedural practice of appeal to this right, and the legal cases were transferred to a special judicial institution — the court of Shepway. However, with time some changes occurred, as the towns-members developed their own courts and increasingly preferred to settle their matters there. In addition, new institutions appeared within the Confederation, such as the general meeting at Brodhall, the court at the Dover castle, and others. An essential role in maintaining and asserting the Cinque Ports’ rights and functioning if its joint administration belonged to the warden of the Cinque Ports, the chief official of the Confederation. At the same time, the right of the Cinque Ports coexisted with other legal systems — royal and seigneurial — on the same territory. The article also raises the question of the legal status of the inhabitants of the towns-members of the Confederation and the right they applied in their daily life.

The article considers environmental law policy as a component, an independent type of national legal policy, as well as state and sectoral environmental policy. The existence of correlative, mutual influence of ecological and legal doctrine on formation of the corresponding policy is proved. It is substantiated that the ecological and legal legal doctrine significantly influences the current state of the state ecological policy (and this influence is mutual), formation of the ecological legislation and integration of Ukraine into the European legal space. It was stated that Ukraine first of all needs to intensify law-making, modernize the provisions of the environmental and legal doctrine, based on the concepts of which will be revised, updated provisions of public policy, legal understanding, and hence law enforcement. Further institutionalization of the basic provisions of the ecological and legal doctrine in the legislation becomes a necessary condition for the further development of law-making and statehood. It is emphasized that the use of environmental and legal doctrine will speed up the law-making process, in particular due to the adaptation of regulations to European standards; formulate legislative definitions that will gradually become an important part of environmental regulations; develop a "road map" for the development of environmental policy and legislation, etc. It is emphasized that the current state of the legal system requires a fuller use of the law-making potential of environmental law doctrine and the implementation of its main functions - stabilizing, guiding, heuristic, rule-making, evaluative and prognostic. Therefore, it is expedient to apply the ecological and legal doctrine as a methodological platform of the ecological and legal policy. The necessity of developing concepts of systematization of the ecological legislation, and also legal policy is proved.

Genetic resistance to net form of net blotch in the international barley differential Canadian Lake Shore (CLS) was characterized and mapped. A doubled haploid (DH) population generated from a cross between CLS and susceptible cultivar Harrington was evaluated at the seedling stage using eight diverse Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) isolates and at the adult stage in the field using natural inoculum. To effectively map the CLS resistance, comparative marker frequency analysis (MFA) was performed using 8,762 polymorphic DArT-seq markers, where ‘resistant’ and ‘susceptible’ groups each comprised 40 DH lines displaying the most extreme phenotypes. Five DArTseq markers were consistently detected in eight disease assays, which was designated qPttCLS and deemed to harbor the locus underpinning CLS resistance. Four of these markers were present onto the barley DArTseq physical map and spans a region between 398203862 and 435526243 bp which were found to consist several genes involved in important plant functions such as disease response and signaling pathways. While MFA only detected the 3H region, genetic analyses based on segregation patterns were inconsistent, suggesting complex inheritance or variation in phenotypic expression of qPttCLS, particularly in the field. This study represents progress toward connecting Ptt pathotype surveys with the corresponding resistance genes in barley differentials. The markers associated with qPttCLS are useful for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.

Study of sulfate resistance of mortars with aluminum- and iron-bearing admixtures (Al(OH)3, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3) in conditions close to those established in ASTM C 1012, and the study of the mitigation effect of these admixtures on alkali-silica reaction in accordance with accelerated “mortar bar” test ( GOST 8269.0, ASTM C 1260) were performed. Iron (II) and (III) sulfates show ability for mitigation alkali-silica reaction, while also, in contrast with Al-bearing substances, do not induce the drastic reducing of the initial setting time and do not promote the progress of sulfate corrosion. Compared with FeSO4, iron (III) sulfate has moderate deleterious impact on the early strength of cement paste and can be of interest alone as an inhibitor of ASR. Iron (II) sulfate may be used together with aluminum sulfate to offset the accelerating effect of the latter on the setting of cement paste and to reduce a risk of sulfate corrosion. During prolonged water storage, the mortar elongation and secondary ettringite formation do not occur, even when Al2(SO4)3 is available. Therefore, the investigated admixtures cannot act as agents of internal sulfate attack, however, Al2(SO4)3 can enhance the outer sulfate attack.

This study aims to understand the needs of plus-size pregnant women and critical design aspects for a pregnancy support garment and to emphasize the importance of inclusive design in this important product category.The research examines the historical and societal connotations of maternity and the changes in support garment design associated with changes in the perception of the modern plus size Madonna. At the same time, it analyses the state-of-the-art in modern maternity support garments and examines data, gathered through a pilot online survey.

An ability of aluminum-bearing substances-amorphous aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulphate and basic aluminum sulphate to mitigate alkali-silica reactions in Portland cement mortars has been studied. At equivalent dosages in terms of Al2O3, these substances are ranged in the following order in respect of inhibiting effect: Al(OH)1.78(SO4)0.61 ≥ Al2(SO4)3 > Al(OH)3. It is found that the plasticizing agents of the main types used in cement compositions have no influence on the inhibiting effect of aluminum-bearing admixtures. To control the setting time of cement paste, iron(II) sulphate may be used for partial substitution of Al2SO4·18H2O, and this operation is not influence on the results of ASR expansion test.

Aluminium grooved heat pipes (AGHP) applied for space craft's thermal control systems are considered in the report. Inside AGHPs capillary structures have been optimized in order to make maximum capillary head at minimal hydrodynamic resistance taking into account technological ability of their manufacture. Experimental results of the thermal performances (thermal resistance and maximum heat transfer capability) of AGHPs' filled with ammonia are presented. Results of thermal engineering tests of AGHPs, that have been developed by the order of National Space Agency of Ukraine for “Lybyd”, “AMPOS-SM-KF”, “Cyclon-4” space crafts, and also within Russian space projects, are given in the report.

In this article we compare and make generalizations on experiences involving cooperation between research universities in the USA, Germany, Poland and Russia and commercial enterprises in these countries. We analyze the processes of commercialization of new technologies as a promising tendency in supporting competitiveness for joint scientific and technological output of universities and companies. The experience of different countries and the economic implications for scientific, technical and intellectual advancements is considered here. We also examine the necessity for additional financial and legal regulation of research activities and defense of intellectual property.