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229 diabetes mellitus patients with purulent wounds and 60 healthy people were examined. For the first time was studied the validity and effectiveness of the use of a new preparation--milliacynic (millet) oil--in treatment of purulent wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus. It was revealed that the preparation had produced substantial antiinflammatory action stimulating regeneration processes. At the same time advisability of combined use in the above patients of two immunomodulators (prodigiosan and lysozyme) is shown, which resulted in positive dynamics of the immune status of the organism. The elaborated combined treatment of festering wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus, including local application of milliacynic oil as well as two immunomodulators (prodigiosan and lysozyme), contributes to the improvement of the results of treatment and provides the reduction of its duration.

Quantitative and morphological changes in the immune system (CBA x C57BL/6)F1 mice after their enteral (group 1) and intraperitoneal (group 2) inoculation with Salmonella typhimurium in a dose of 2 x (10)6 microbial cells per mouse were studied. The study revealed that on day 28 after inoculation the death rate of the animals was 12.5 +/- 6.75% in group 1 and 57.84 +/- 4.89% in group 2. The same type of changes in the organs of the immune system was observed in both groups of mice, but in the animals of group 2 these changes were more pronounced. This was manifested by leukocytosis, exhaustion of thymic cells, hyperplasia, hypertrophy of the spleen and an increase in the proliferative activity in its B-zone, a decrease in the number of myelokaryocytes. Such changes are indicative of their importance in the resistance of the body to Salmonella infection.

The reaction of benzoylation of bleomycetin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, and its cuprum complex was studied with the chloranhydride and carbodiimide methods. Acylation of the antibiotic cuprum complex by an equivalent quantity of benzoyl chloride resulted in formation of a mixture of mono- and disubstituted derivatives while with the use of a 3-fold excess of chloranhydride it was possible to obtain dibenzoylbleomycetin as a sole reaction product. Interaction of the bleomycetin cuprum complex with activated benzoic ether resulted in formation of a product monosubstituted by the antibiotic spermidine fragment. After acylation of the free antibiotic by the carbodiimide and chloranhydride methods tri- and tetrabenzoyl derivatives of bleomycetin were isolated respectively.

Bleomycetin, an antitumor antibiotic, was subjected to chemical modification by the C-end fragment i.e. the residue of 3-[(4-aminobutyl)amino]propylamine (spermidine++) with acylation, carbamoylation and reducing alkylation, which yielded its new semisynthetic derivatives. The use of physicochemical methods showed that the chemical modification involved the primary and secondary amino groups++ of spermidine++ and gave rise to N,N'-diacyl, N,N'-dicarbamoyl and N,N'-dialkyl bleomycetins. The biological properties of the derivatives, i.e. their cytotoxic activity, acute and pulmonary toxicities were studied. The transformation of bleomycetin by the C-end fragment lowered the antibiotic toxicity and was believed to be a promising approach to modifying its molecule.

Immunologic examinations of 60 patients suffering from common hard drinking and of 24 chronic alcoholics, stage I, has revealed a clear-cut difference in the levels of circulating immune complexes and theophylline-sensitive lymphocytes in these populations. These data are recommended as additional tests for the differential diagnosis of the initial forms of alcoholism.