Search

Background: Memory disorders require a steady-state balance of choline and cytidine. Citicoline is prescribed as an exogenous source of choline and cytidine. Objective: The present study proposes a mucoadhesive multiparticulate sustained delivery of citico-line as a supportive control for memory loss. Methods: The formulation of citicoline sodium microparticles was done by ionotropic gelation method using alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in three different ratios. The three formulations were preliminary evaluated for the in vitro drug release study. Depending on their release pattern, a simplex lattice mixture design of 21 trial runs, with a set of possible combi-nations of each component of the three formulations, was employed to get an optimized ratio that could attend a predetermined release of drug at 1st, 4th, 6th, and 8th h. The optimized product was characterized for physicochemical evaluation, thermal analysis, in vitro drug release, surface mor-phology, and stability study. Results: Optimization of the design yielded a ratio that could prolong the release as predicted by design. The release mechanism followed non-Fickian diffusion. Differential thermal analysis exhib-ited high drug entrapment in the microparticles. Surface morphology studies revealed that drug re-lease took place by the formation of channels. Stability studies indicated there was no change in the properties even after six months and the moisture retention was meagre. Conclusion: The employed simplex lattice design could be successfully used to make microparti-cles of predetermined release characteristics with a steady-state release of the drug and can be a promising approach to provide an affordable therapy of citicoline to improve its effectivity.

A diversified diet is crucial for micronutrient adequacy in a pregnant woman. Iron deficiency Anemia (IDA) is linked to a lack of diversity in diets. The Minimum Dietary Diversity-Women (MDD-W) is a global indicator developed by the FAO to assess diet quality among women of reproductive age. The study seeks to determine the prevalence of MDD scores and its association with sociodemographic factors and iron status among pregnant women. Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women at the women’s hospital, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh using systematic sampling frame. An enumerator-administered semi-structured interview schedule was used. Hemoglobin levels were assessed and IDA categorized. The prevalence of anemia was 47.4%, of which only 18.1% of women consumed a diverse diet and 81.89% had low MDD-W scores. The mean hemoglobin was 10.82 g/dl, Standard deviation 1.58. Socioeconomic status showed significant correlation to anemia (P = 0.001), and an OR of 1.099 at 95% confidence interval. The high prevalence of IDA and low MDD-W scores proves the need for increased awareness on dietary diversity rates among pregnant women so that micronutrient adequacy can be achieved.

In the modern’s world, it will be unsafe to travel alone for a person at night especially for women. To provide safety for women a good way to reduce the chances of becoming a victim of violent crime is to identify and call on resources to help you out unsafe situations. Having a safety app on your phone can reduce the reason for the risk situation and add assistance when we need to use it. Unlike the other applications available, which work only at the time of Emergency or Danger, this app can be used as a safety or precaution measure. So that, “Protection is better than cure”. The main purpose of this app is to provide a safe platform through Android phone as today all person is taking Smart Phones to travel here and there. The user also gets to know the current user address using GPS location tracker. The fetched information is sent to the emergency contact of the user. This paper presents women security an Android Application for the Safety of Women and this app can be activated this app by a shaking the mobile, whenever need arises. This app identifies the location of place through GPS and sends a message comprising this location URL to the registered contacts and also send messages to near by mobile which are having this app.

The micronutrient Iodine is essential throughout life especially during fetal brain development. The deficiency of which is deemed the single most important cause of preventable mental retardation. Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is manifested in infancy and childhood, which are primarily influenced by low iodine levels in pregnancy. Using iodised salt is a key to ensure elimination of IDD, for which the knowledge and awareness of iodised salt are of prime importance. The study was aimed to determine the knowledge of iodine nutrition and its association with awareness and usage of iodised salt among pregnant women living in eastern UP. Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted through random sampling on 200 pregnant women at the regional women’s hospital, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. A pre-tested interview schedule was used to assess knowledge. Scores and descriptive statistics were analyzed, bivariate analyses were employed to describe and determine the association among variables. Mean age of respondents was 25.23 ±3.75. The majority of the population belonged to the lower middle (38%) and upper lower class (36%). Nearly half had heard of the nutrient ‘Iodine’ and 37% self-reported usage of iodised salt whereas usage as per brand was 81%. The mean knowledge score was 1.53. Three-fourths of the respondents (74.5%) had a low level of knowledge and a quarter of the respondents (25.5%) had a high level of knowledge. These scores were significantly associated with socioeconomic status, usage of iodised salt (both self-reported and brand used) and with an awareness of iodine as an essential nutrient and its deficiencies (p

The current molecular classification divides breast cancer into four major subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and basal-like, based on receptor gene expression profiling. Luminal A and luminal B are hormone receptor (HR, estrogen, and/or progesterone receptor)-positive and are the most common subtypes, accounting for around 50–60% and 15–20% of the total breast cancer cases, respectively. The drug treatment for HR-positive breast cancer includes endocrine therapy, HER2-targeted therapy (depending on the HER2 status), and chemotherapy (depending on the risk of recurrence). In this review, in addition to classification, we focused on discussing the important aspects of HR-positive breast cancer, including HR structure and signaling, genetics, including epigenetics and gene mutations, gene expression-based assays, the traditional and new drugs for treatment, and novel or new uses of technology in diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, we have summarized the commonly mutated genes and abnormally methylated genes in HR-positive breast cancer and compared four common gene expression-based assays that are used in breast cancer as prognostic and/or predictive tools in detail, including their clinical use, the factors being evaluated, patient demographics, and the scoring systems. All these topic discussions have not been fully described and summarized within other research or review articles.

Microfluidics (MF) is the science dealing with the behavior, precise control, and manipulation of fluids as well as particles on the scale of tens to hundreds of micrometers. It is also utilized for chemical and biological applications, usually called micro–Total Analysis Systems (mTAS) or Lab-on-a-chip (LOC). MF is a fascinating and capable technology with various superior benefits compared to conventional macro-scale platforms, such as the lesser requirement of sample and reagent volumes, higher sensitivity, low cost, portability, faster processing of samples and potential to be automated and highly integrated to reduce human errors. The concept of transformation of meso to nanoliters using MF technology has shown its potential in the healthcare system for early diagnosis, and personalized medicine. The integrated multifunctional system with parallelization provides a better and faster process control. Minimization of the consumption of fluid makes the technology safer in every aspect of the development process, analysis, and storage. The impressive improvement in patient care and monitoring has led to the commercial motivation of the pharmaceutical industry to develop new drugs and modify existing products with better efficacy and safety in a cost-effective manner using MF technologies. Hence, the present review briefs on the applications of MF technology in the key issues of the drug discovery process, overcoming the limitations of development of analytical procedures and prosperous pharmaceutical manufacturing for novel controlled and targeted release dosage forms to fabricate quality products.

The present study was undertaken to develop the value added food product using multigrain flour mixture and to assess its sensory and nutritional composition of unleavened flat bread (Chapatti). It was standardized as Control (T0). Along with control; three variations of Chapatti were prepared by replacing wheat flour with different ratio of multigrain flour mixture which referred as T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. They were tested for different attrib-utes (Taste and Flavour, Colour and Appearance, Body and Texture and Overall Acceptability). A food composition table given by Gopalan, et.al, 2007 was used to determine the nutritional composition of Chapatti. Appropriate statis-tical technique was opted for the analysis. The result revealed that the T1 (8.05±0.00) was found most acceptable with regards to its sensory attributes followed by T0 (7.70±0.42), T2 (7.55±0.08), T3 (7.22±0.98) and T4 (6.64±0.46) respectively. Energy (ranging from 388-436 Kcal), Protein (ranging from 22-28 g), fat (ranging from 13-21 g), cal-cium (ranging from145-192 mg), phosphorus (ranging from 466-501 mg), fiber (ranging from 3-4g) and iron (ranging from 6-7 mg) were increased in treatments as compared to control except carbohydrate. Thus, it can be concluded that value added product has good organoleptic and nutritional quality.

The present study is focused to analyze the nutrients and anti-nutrient content of fresh Loni, to analyze the effect of cooking methods on the anti-nutritional factors of Loni, to prepare the value added products using fresh Loni and evaluate their sensory acceptability, to determine the nutritive value of the prepared products. Nutrient composition and anti-nutritional factors of fresh and cooked loni were determined. Two food products were made by incorporation of fresh loni at 40 percent, 60 per cent and 80 per cent in ‘Crispy leafy vegetable cutlets’ and 15 per cent, 30 per cent and 45 per cent in ‘Paratha’ refers as T1, T2, T3 respectively and the control T0 was made without incorporation of loni. The products were organoleptically evaluated for sensory acceptability using nine point hedonic scale. The nutrient content of fresh Loni were moisture 90.68 %, ash 4.4 g, protein 1.4 g, fat 0.4 g, crude fiber 1.6 g, carbohydrate 2.25 g, energy 24 kcal, calcium 273 mg, iron 14.34 mg, total carotene 3124 µg per 100 g. The anti-nutritional content of loni were significantly decreased after shallow and deep frying. Organoleptically it was found that 60 per cent incorporation of fresh loni in ‘Crispy leafy vegetable cutlets’ and 30 per cent incorporation of fresh loni in Paratha was found most acceptable. As well as the incorporation level increased the amount of fibre, calcium, iron and total carotene in the prepared products. On the basis of finding it is concluded that the fresh Loni can be used in the preparation of various products to increase the level of micro-nutrients.

The present study was undertaken to develop the value added food product using multigrain mix and to assess its sensory and nutritional composition of Porridge (Salty daliya). Porridge was standardized as Control (T0). Along with control; three variations of Porridge were prepared by replacing cracked wheat grain with different ratio of multigrain mix (Wheat grain, Soy bean, Flaxseed, Barley, Gingelly seed and Curry leaves powder) which referred as T1(40:30:5:10:10:5), T2(30:35:10:10:10:5), T3(20:40:15:10:10:5) and T4(10:45:20:10:10:5) respectively. They were tested for different sensory attributes. Nutritional composition of Porridge was determined by using the standard procedure. Appropriate statistical technique was opted for the analysis. The result revealed that the T2 (7.83±0.00) was found most acceptable with regards to its overall acceptability followed by T0 (7.66±0.08), T1 (7.55±0.42), T3 (6.66±0.46), T4 (5.77±0.92) respectively. Energy (ranged from 388-436 Kcal), Protein (ranged from 22-28 g), fat (ranged from 13-21 g), calcium (ranged from145-192mg), phosphorus (ranged from 466-501mg), fiber (ranged from3-4g) and iron (ranged from 6-7 mg) were increased in treatments as compared to control except carbohydrate. Thus it can be concluded that value added multigrain porridge has good organoleptic and nutritional quality.

The present study entitled "Prevalence of hypertension among adults of Moradabad City" was carried out with the following objectives- to find out the prevalence of hypertension among selected males and females adults of Moradabad and to find out the nutritional status and life style pattern of the selected respondents of Moradabad. A total of 150 respondents (75 males and 75 females) were selected randomly from whole of the Moradabad City. The anthropometric measurements of the respondents that is height in cm and weight in kg were taken. Dietary intake was determined by 24 hours dietary recall method and the average nutrient intake was calculated and compared with recommended dietary allowances (RDA). In the study it was concluded that out of 150 respondents, 76.66 percent were hypertensive. Nutrient intake was found more in terms of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates and calcium than the RDA and lesser in terms of iron, retinol and niacin for both males and females. Walking was the major exercise performed by them and 66 percent of respondents did not consume any harmful substances.

Fermented foods are the important components of the diets of many parts of the world since time immemorial as it increase the nutritive value, organoleptic characteristics, decreases the cooking time and enhance the shelf-life. Hence, a study was undertaken with the objective to develop fermented food (Idli) using multigrain flour mixture and to assess its organoleptic and nutritional properties. Standard recipe (Idli) served as a Control (T0). Along with control; four variations of Idli were prepared by replacing rice with different ratio of multigrain flour mixture which was referred to as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. They were tested for different sensory attributes. Proximate analysis was used to determine the nutritional composition of Idli. Appropriate statistical technique was adopted for the analysis. The result revealed that the T2 (8.30±0.14) was found to be the most acceptable with regards to its overall acceptability followed by T1(8.22±0.81), T0(8.11±0.29), T3 (7.44±0.54) and T4 (6.66±0.81), respectively. Nutrients content was significantly increased in treatments as compared to control. Thus it can be concluded that value added fermented multigrain product has good organoleptic and nutritional quality.

Medical intelligence of disease vectors deals with understanding vector distribution and control.An entomological baseline survey using standard vector sampling techniques was done as a pilot study to map the vectors of defence importance in two cantonments of Pune with a view to establish a vector databank and impart training to armed forces personnel in vector surveillance.The project trained 142 armed forces personnel in surveillance techniques in three years. Seventeen species of mosquitoes comprising of eight vector species were collected. Three other vectors viz. Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptotrombidium deliense are reported.The study emphasizes the need for vector mapping /surveillance in each area for preventing morbidity and mortality amongst troops. It also focuses on indigenous fabrication of vector sampling tools and training of personnel for capacity building which in turn will enable such surveys to be undertaken in other units and deployment areas.