Search

A bacterial consortium comprising four different species was isolated from an Indonesian agricultural soil using a mixture of aniline and 4-chloroaniline (4CA) as principal carbon sources. The four species were identified as Chryseobacterium indologenes SB1, Comamonas testosteroni SB2, Pseudomonas corrugata SB4 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SB5. Growth studies on aniline and 4CA as single and mixed substrates demonstrated that the bacteria preferred to grow on and utilize aniline rather than 4CA, although both compounds were eventually depleted from the culture supernatant. However, despite 100% disappearance of the parent substrates, the degradation of 4CA was always characterized by incomplete dechlorination and 4-chlorocatechol accumulation. This result suggests that further degradation of 4-chlorocatechol may be the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of 4CA by the bacterial consortium. HPLC-UV analysis showed that 4-chlorocatechol was further degraded via an ortho-cleavage pathway by the bacterial consortium. This hypothesis was supported by the results from enzyme assays of the crude cell extract of the consortium revealing catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity which converted catechol and 4-chlorocatechol to cis, cis-muconic acid and 3-chloro-cis, cis-muconic acid respectively. However, the enzyme had a much higher conversion rate for catechol [156 U [(g protein).sup.-1]] than for 4-chlorocatechol [17.2 U (g protein).sup.-1], indicating preference for non-chlorinated substrates. Members of the bacterial consortium were also characterized individually. All isolates were able to assimilate aniline. P. corrugata SB4 was able to grow on 4CA solely, while S. maltophilia SB5 was able to grow on 4-chlorocatechol. These results suggest that the degradation of 4CA in the presence of aniline by the bacterial consortium was a result of interspecies interactions.

Research has been conducted on the rhenium tricarbonyl bipyridine complexes. The spectroscopic characterization of these complexes has been carried out and the results demonstrate that they catalyze benzylideneaniline aziridination with ethyl diazoacetate.

Research has been conducted on the calix[4]azacrown ethers with the double bond conjugated indoaniline chromophore appended to the azacrown nitrogen atom. The synthesis of these ethers has been carried out and the details are described.

Research has been conducted on the 2-anilino-2-ethoxy-3-oxothiobutanoic acid with aliphatic diamine. The rearrangement that follows cyclization of this acid has led to zwitterionic derivatives of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid and the details are reported.

Research has been conducted on anilines. The oxidation of anilines with percarbonate has been investigated and the results indicate that the molecular aniline reaction rates confirm the structure-reactivity relationship.

Research has been conducted on the all-para-brominated oligo(N-phenyl-m-aniline)s. The synthesis of the dimer and the trimer of these compounds has been carried out from the parent nonbrominated oligomers and benzyltrimethylammonium tribromide and the redox properties have been investigated.

Research has been conducted on the nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2-halo-2H-azirines with potassium phthalimide and aniline. Results indicate that these reactions have produced substituted 2H-azirines.

Research has been conducted on the palladium-catalyzed o-iodoaniline heteroannylation with dienyl sulfones. Results indicate that this reaction which proceeds in DMF/water in the presence of potassium carbonate and catalytic palladium(II) acetate provides the route to the vinylogous 2-sulfonylindolines.

Research has been conducted on the Hammett constants effective in describing the effect of the substituents on the chemical reactivity. The ability of the descriptors derived from the quantum mechanical calculations to catch up with the Hammett parameters in correlating chemical phenomena has been investigated and the results are presented.

Research has been conducted on the terminal alkynes. The rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular hydroamination of these alkynes has been performed and the results demonstrate that the terminal alkynes react with anilines in the presence of the cationic rhodium(I) catalyst under mild reaction conditions.

Research has been conducted on the dyad based on C (sub)60 and bis(4'-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl)aniline (BBA) donor. The synthesis and characterization of this dyad are described and the results indicate the existence of the intramolecular charge-transfer interactions between C (sub)60 -moiety and BBA.

Research has been conducted on the N-substituted p-methoxy anilines. The anodic oxidation of these anilines based on the copper cathode use has been investigated and the results are discussed.

Research has been conducted on the 5-substituted-2-pyrrolidinone derivatives. The preparation of their optically pure forms from ortho-substituted aniline derivatives and (S)-5-(methoxymethyl)butyrolactone in a stereoselective manner is described.

Abstract Topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and various light sources have been used to treat actinic keratoses and acne. Many of these regimens have required long incubation times due to the [...]

Research has been conducted on anilines. Results indicate that during the methoxy substitution reaction anilines act as nucleophiles toward p-anisidinium radical.

Research has been conducted on Burkholderia sp. strain AK-5 which utilizes 4-aminophenol. The authors discuss the pathway for the 4-aminophenol metabolism in this strain which is based on the metabolite identification carried out via the use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.