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A 53-year-old male presented in the emergency room with two hours of intense squeezing retrosternal pain, irradiating to both arms, hyperhidrosis and nausea while resting. On admission, myocardial necrosis markers were in the normal range, EKG demonstrated ST elevation on inferior leads and transthoracic echocardiography showed hypokinesis of mid- and apical segments of inferior wall and inferior septum. The patient was referred to coronary angiography in which it did not demonstrate significant lesions. Therefore, we considered possible revascularized acute infarction after treatment with unfractionated heparin versus coronary vasospasm. Still, a few hours later, pain relapsed, first without but afterwards with pleuritic characteristics associated with PR depression and maintained ST elevation on EKG, and Troponin T peak value at 36 hours after initial event. He began colchicine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain management after suspicion of perimyocarditis. Cardiac MRI was performed demonstrating recent transmural infarction on distal right coronary artery/posterior descending artery territories including a central area of microvascular obstruction and signs of post-infarction pericarditis. Hence, the patient probably developed a rapidly established transmural infarction that was revascularized by administration of heparin with the progressing post-infarction pericarditis. This case shows the predicament of administration of reperfusion agents by allowing the rapid revascularization which is beneficial for the patient but depriving the definite diagnosis from the clinicians. It also demonstrates the importance of cardiac MRI to elucidate and confirm our suspicions.

Objective: to describe the characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary lesions (MINOCA), as well as their cardiovascular outcomes at 18 months. Materials and methods: ambispective cohort study that included patients who underwent coronary angiography after being diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 2015 and 2019. The MINOCA group was selected, and outcomes such as readmissions and major cardiovascular events were obtained at 18 months. Results: data form 433 patients who met the inclusion criteria were obtained, of which 141 (33%) met the criteria for MINOCA. The most prevalent clinical manifestations were chest pain and anginal equivalents (62% and 62.4% respectively), The majority presented with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (92.1%), with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% (42.6%). During the 18-month follow-up, data were obtained from 102 patients, of whom 22% had readmissions; 18% experienced reinfarction, mortality during the follow-up was 12% due to cardiovascular causes, and 36% due to all causes. Conclusions: a higher proportion of MINOCA was found compared to what is described in the literature, with a predominance of atypical clinical manifestations. Equally striking is the significant percentage of pre-infarctions and cardiovascular deaths during the follow-up of this cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. La arteria interventricular anterior se origina en la coronaria izquierda, irriga la cara anterior de los ventrículos, el ápex y el tabique interventricular; es la segunda arteria más relevante del corazón. Objetivo. Describir las características anatómicas y clínicas de la arteria interventricular anterior mediante angiografía. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con 200 reportes angiográficos de personas colombianas; se valoraron el origen, el trayecto y la permeabilidad de la arteria interventricular anterior, así como la dominancia coronaria. Se incluyeron datos relacionados con dolor precordial, infarto agudo de miocardio, dislipidemia y alteración electrocardiográfica. No fue posible hacer pruebas estadísticas, debido a la escasa prevalencia de variaciones anatómicas de dicha arteria. Resultados. Se encontró una arteria interventricular anterior con su origen en el seno aórtico izquierdo, sin puente miocárdico, sin alteración de la permeabilidad y con dominancia izquierda. La frecuencia de los puentes fue del 2 % y la dominancia más frecuente fue la derecha en el 86 %. Se presentaron alteraciones de permeabilidad en el 43 % de los casos, las cuales afectaron principalmente al S13. El 25 % de los pacientes presentó dolor precordial; el 40 %, alteraciones ecocardiográficas; el 5 %, cardiopatía isquémica, y el 59 %, alguna alteración electrocardiográfica. Conclusiones. Las variaciones en el origen de la arteria interventricular anterior son poco prevalentes, según reportes de Chile, Colombia y España. Los puentes miocárdicos de esta arteria fueron escasos respecto a otros estudios, lo cual sugiere mejor especificidad de los hallazgos de la angiotomografía o de la disección directa. La permeabilidad coronaria se valora con la escala TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction); puntajes de 0 y 1 indican una lesión oclusiva asociada con cardiopatía isquémica. La dominancia coronaria más frecuente, según diversas técnicas, es la derecha, seguida de la izquierda en hombres y de una circulación balanceada en mujeres.

Evaluar el rendimiento diagnóstico de un nuevo software de aprendizaje profundo para corrección de atenuación (SAPCA) en imágenes de perfusión miocárdica (IPM) utilizando una cámara cardiodedicada de cadmio-cinc-telurio (CZT) con correlación con angiografía coronaria (AC) para el diagnóstico de enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) en una población de alto riesgo. Estudio retrospectivo de 300 pacientes (196 varones [65%], edad media de 68 años) desde septiembre de 2014 hasta octubre de 2019. Posteriormente realizaron una IPM, seguida de AC dentro de los 6 meses posteriores a la IPM. La probabilidad media pretest para EAC según los criterios de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología fue del 37%. La IPM se realizó en una cámara CZT cardio dedicada (D-SPECT® Spectrum Dynamics) usando un protocolo de 2 días, de acuerdo con las guías de la Sociedad Europea de Medicina Nuclear (EANM). La IPM fue evaluada con y sin el SAPCA. La precisión diagnóstica global de la IPM sin el SAPCA para identificar pacientes con cualquier EAC obstructiva en la AC fue del 87%, sensibilidad del 94%, especificidad del 57%, valor predictivo positivo del 91% y valor predictivo negativo del 64%. Utilizando el SAPCA, la precisión diagnóstica global fue del 90%, la sensibilidad del 91%, la especificidad del 86%, el valor predictivo positivo del 97% y el valor predictivo negativo del 66%. El uso del novel SAPCA mejora el rendimiento diagnóstico de la IPM usando la cámara CZT D-SPECT®, especialmente reduciendo el número de resultados falsos positivos al reducir los artefactos. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a novel deep learning attenuation correction software (SAPCA) for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using a cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) cardio dedicated camera with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) correlation for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a high-risk population. Retrospective study of 300 patients (196 males [65%], mean age 68 years) from September 2014 to October 2019 undergoing MPI, followed by ICA and evaluated by means of quantitative angiography software, within six months after the MPI. The mean pre-test probability score for coronary disease according to the European Society of Cardiology criteria was 37% for the whole cohort. The MPI was performed in a dedicated CZT cardio camera (D-SPECT® Spectrum Dynamics) with a two-day protocol, according to the European Association of Nuclear Medicine guidelines. MPI was retrospectively evaluated with and without the SAPCA. The overall diagnostic accuracy of MPI without SAPCA to identify patients with any obstructive CAD at ICA was 87%, Sensitivity 94%, Specificity 57%, positive predictive value 91% and negative predictive value 64%. Using SAPCA the overall diagnostic accuracy was 90%, sensitivity 91%, specificity 86%, positive predictive value 97% and negative predictive value 66%. Use of the novel SAPCA enhances performance of the MPI using the CZT D-SPECT® camera and achieves improved results, especially avoiding artefacts and reducing the number of false positive results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo Fundamento: A isquemia com artéria coronária não obstrutiva (INOCA) é uma doença cardíaca isquêmica que inclui principalmente disfunção microvascular coronariana e/ou vasoespasmo coronariano epicárdico devido à disfunção vascular coronariana subjacente e pode ser observada mais comumente em pacientes do sexo feminino. O índice de inflamação imunológica sistêmica (SII, relação plaquetas × neutrófilos/linfócitos) é um novo marcador que prediz resultados clínicos adversos na doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre INOCA e SII, um novo marcador associado à inflamação. Métodos: Um total de 424 pacientes (212 pacientes com INOCA e 212 controles normais) foram incluídos no estudo. Amostras de sangue venoso periférico foram recebidas de toda a população do estudo antes da angiografia coronária para medir o SII e outros parâmetros hematológicos. Em nosso estudo o valor de p

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Evaluar el rendimiento diagnóstico de tres protocolos diferentes de estrés cardiaco utilizados en imagen de perfusión miocárdica (IPM), usando una cámara de cadmio-zinc-telurio (CZT) en correlación con angiografía coronaria (AC) para el diagnóstico de enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) en una población de alto riesgo. Estudio retrospectivo realizado en 263 pacientes (96 mujeres y 167 varones, edad media 68 años), de los cuales 119 realizaron una prueba de estrés con bicicleta (PEB), 113 una prueba de estrés farmacológica (PEF) y 31 una combinación de ambas (PEC), entre septiembre de 2014 y diciembre de 2018. Posteriormente realizaron una IPM, seguida de AC dentro de los seis meses posteriores a la IPM. La probabilidad preprueba media para EAC según los criterios de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología fue de 36%. La IPM se realizó en una cámara CZT cardio dedicada (D-SPECT Spectrum Dynamics) con un protocolo de dos días, de acuerdo con las guías de la Asociación Europea de Medicina Nuclear (EANM). No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los diferentes protocolos de estrés en términos de precisión diagnóstica (PEB 85%, PEF 88%, PEC 84%). La exactitud diagnóstica general de IPM para identificar pacientes con cualquier EAC obstructiva en AC fue de 86%, sensibilidad de 93%, especificidad de 54%, VPP de 90% y VPN de 63%. La cámara CZT D-SPECT logra resultados generales satisfactorios en el diagnóstico de la EAC, sin encontrar diferencias significativas en el rendimiento diagnóstico cuando la prueba de esfuerzo se realizó como PEB, PEF o PEC. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of three different cardiac stress protocols for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using a cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) camera with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) correlation for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in a high risk population. Retrospective study of 263 patients (96 women and 167 males, mean age 68 years) from which 119 patients performed a bicycle stress test (BST), 113 pharmacological stress test (PST) and 31 a combination of the two (CST) between September 2014 and December 2018. The patients then underwent myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), followed by ICA and evaluated by means of quantitative angiography software, within six months after the MPI. The mean pre-test probability score for coronary disease according to the European Society of Cardiology criteria was 36% for the whole population. The MPI was performed in a dedicated CZT cardio camera (D-SPECT Spectrum Dynamics) with a two-day protocol, according to the European Association of Nuclear Medicine guidelines. No significant difference was observed between the three stress protocols in terms of diagnostic accuracy (BST 85%, PST 88% and CST 84%). The overall diagnostic accuracy of MPI to identify patients with any obstructive CAD at ICA was 86%, Sensitivity 93%, Specificity 54%, PPV 90% and NPV 63%. The CZT D-SPECT camera achieves overall satisfactory results in the diagnosis of CAD, observing no significant differences in the diagnostic performance when the stress test was performed as a BST, PST or CST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Galicia Clínica is the property of Sociedad Gallega de Medicina Interna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and Objectives: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the most common etiology of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, there is controversy whether invasive coronary angiography (ICA) should be used initially to exclude CAD in patients presenting with new-onset HFrEF of unknown etiology. Our study aimed to develop a clinical score to quantify the risk of obstructive CAD in these patients. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional observational study of 452 consecutive patients presenting with new-onset HFrEF of unknown etiology undergoing elective ICA in one academic center, between January 2005 and December 2019. Independent predictors for obstructive CAD were identified. A risk score was developed using multivariate logistic regression of designated variables. The accuracy and discriminative power of the predictive model were assessed. Results: A total of 109 patients (24.1%) presented obstructive CAD. Six independent predictors were identified and included in the score: male gender (2 points), diabetes (1 point), dyslipidemia (1 point), smoking (1 point), peripheral arterial disease (1 point), and regional wall motion abnormalities (3 points). Patients with a score ≤3 had less than 15% predicted probability of obstructive CAD. Our score showed good discriminative power (C-statistic 0.872; 95% CI 0.834–0.909: p

Objectives: This study was to explore the potential relationship between the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in stage 3–5 predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Design: This study included 978 patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). CAD was defined as the presence of obstructive stenosis > 50% of the lumen diameter in any of the four main coronary arteries. Gensini scores (GSs), left main coronary artery (LMCA) and three-vessel coronary artery disease (TVD) were used to elevate the severity of CAD. Results: The adjusted odds ratios of CAD were 3.059 (95% CI: 1.859–5.032) and 2.670 (95% CI: 1.605–4.441) in the third and fourth quartiles of FAR compared with the first quartile, respectively. Among 759 patients diagnosed with CAD, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that FAR (at the 0.01 level) was significantly positively associated with the presence of LMCA (adjusted OR = 1.177, 95% CI 1.067–1.299, P = 0.001) or TVD (adjusted OR = 1.154, 95% CI 1.076–1.238, P 50% del diámetro de la luz de cualquiera de las 4 arterias coronarias principales. Se utilizaron las puntuaciones de Gensini (GS), la enfermedad de la arteria coronaria izquierda (EACI) y la EAC de 3 vasos (ETV) para evaluar la gravedad de la EAC. Resultados: Los cocientes de posibilidades de EAC fueron 3,059 (IC del 95%: 1,859-5,032) y 2,670 (IC del 95%: 1,605-4,441) en el tercer y el cuarto cuartiles de la FAR en comparación con el primer cuartil, respectivamente. Entre los 759 pacientes diagnosticados de EAC, el análisis de regresión logística de múltiples variables mostró que la FAR (al nivel 0,01) presentaba una asociación positiva significativa con la presencia de EACI (OR ajustada = 1,177, IC del 95%: 1,067-1,299, p = 0,001) o ETV (OR ajustada=1,154, IC del 95%: 1,076-1,238, p < 0,001) y una puntuación GS mayor (OR ajustada = 1,152, IC del 95%: 1,073-1,238, p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Los niveles de FAR se asociaron de manera independiente con la presencia y la gravedad de EAC en los pacientes con ERC en estadio 3-5 en la etapa prediálisis.

Introduction and Objectives: Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are rare abnormalities, often detected incidentally during invasive coronary angiography (ICA). While most are clinically silent, they can cause significant morbidity. We aimed to investigate the clinical, angiographic and management features of CAFs in a population undergoing ICA. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of all ICAs conducted in our department between May 2008 and January 2020 and selected those with CAFs. Clinical, angiographic, therapeutic and follow-up data were obtained from medical records. Results: A total of 55 patients with CAFs (35 male, median age 64 years) were identified among 32 174 ICAs. The majority (n=37) had a single fistula. CAFs arose most frequently from the left anterior descending artery (LAD), followed by the right coronary and left circumflex coronary arteries. The most frequent drainage site was the pulmonary artery. Fourteen patients had fistulas originating from both left and right coronary systems. Seven had concomitant congenital cardiovascular disorders. The majority (n=40) were incidental findings. Chest pain was the most common symptom attributable to CAFs and heart murmur the most frequent sign. Conservative management was the main approach (n=40). Eight patients underwent transcatheter closure and seven underwent surgical ligation (six of those during surgery for another heart condition), with no periprocedural mortality. Conclusions: In our series, the prevalence of CAFs was 0.2%. The majority originated from the LAD and the pulmonary artery was the main drainage site. In patients undergoing intervention, both percutaneous and surgical techniques were safe and effective. Resumo: Introdução e objetivos: As fistulas coronárias (FCs) são anomalias raras, detetadas frequentemente de forma incidental durante a angiografia coronária invasiva (ACI). Embora a maioria não cause sintomatologia, podem gerar morbilidade significativa. O nosso objetivo foi descrever as características clínicas e angiográficas das FCs detetadas numa população submetida a ACI, assim como o tratamento realizado. Métodos: Foram retrospetivamente revistos os dados de todas as ACIs realizadas no nosso Centro de maio de 2008 a janeiro de 2020 e selecionadas as que descreviam FCs. Os dados clínicos, angiográficos, terapêuticos e de follow-up foram obtidos de registos informáticos. Resultados: Entre 32 174 coronariografias, identificámos 55 doentes com FCs (35 homens, idade média 64 anos). A maioria (n=37) tinha uma fístula única. A origem mais frequente foi da artéria coronária descendente anterior (DA), seguido da artéria coronária direita e circunflexa. O local de drenagem mais frequente foi a artéria pulmonar. Catorze doentes tinham fístulas originadas da artéria coronária esquerda e direita. Sete tinham doenças cardiovasculares congénitas concomitantes. A maioria (n=40) foi descoberta incidentalmente. O sintoma e sinal mais frequentes foram a dor torácica e o sopro cardíaco. A abordagem terapêutica foi maioritariamente conservadora (n=40). Oito doentes realizaram encerramento percutâneo e sete tratamento cirúrgico (dos quais seis durante cirurgias por outra patologia cardíaca), sem mortalidade periprocedimento. Conclusões: A prevalência de FCs na nossa série foi de 0,2%. A maioria originou-se da DA, sendo a artéria pulmonar o local de drenagem mais frequente. Em doentes submetidos a intervenção, tanto as técnicas percutâneas como cirúrgicas foram seguras e eficazes.

Introduction: Coronary Ectasia (CE) is a pathological remodeling with a low worldwide prevalence. It is defined as a diffuse dilatation greater than 1.5 times the diameter of the adjacent segments of the same or different coronary arteries. Objective: To document the clinical and angiographic characteristics, and medical treatment at the discharge of patients diagnosed with coronary ectasia who attended the National Institute of Cardiology (INC). Methods: Cross-sectional study with a non-experimental descriptive design, with a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Results: Of 69 patients who attended the INC with a diagnosis of CD, most were men, with a mean age of 56 + 11 years, the most common coronary risk factor in patients with CE was smoking 58% (40); it was associated mostly with an acute myocardial infarction ST-segment elevation (STEMI) 65.2% (45), of frequent location in the lower face 40% (18), correlated with the most affected artery is the Right Coronary Artery (CD) 69.6% (48), followed by the circumflex (Cx) 56.5% (39). A mean LVEF of 47 + 9.72 was evident within the ventricular function. As well as the preferential use of dual antiplatelet therapy with anticoagulant (DAP + OAC) in 58% (40) at the discharge of each patient from the INC. Conclusion: CE is a not uncommon pathological remodeling in INC. This study showed that STEMI is the most typical manifestation of CE, diagnostic coronary angiography identified a type 3 Markis, so a low rate of mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events would be expected, and despite the lack of consensus on the ideal therapy, at the INC individualized treatment is preferred, recommending lifestyle changes, and using triple therapy (DAP + OAC) as a medical treatment only at the time of patient discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Fundamento A circulação colateral coronária (CCC) proporciona um fluxo sanguíneo alternativo a tecido miocárdico exposto a isquemia e ajuda a preservar as funções miocárdicas. A produção endotelial de óxido nítrico (NO) e o fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF) foram apontados como os fatores mais importantes no desenvolvimento da CCC. A adropina é um hormônio peptídeo responsável pela hemostasia energética, e é conhecida por seus efeitos positivos no endotélio por NO e VEGF. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a associação entre adropina e a presença de CCC em pacientes com síndrome coronariana crônica (SCC) Métodos Um total de 102 pacientes com SCC, que tinham oclusão total de pelo menos 1 artéria coronária epicárdica importante, foram incluídos no estudo e foram divididos em dois grupos: o grupo de pacientes (n: 50) com CCC ruim (Rentrop 0-1) e o grupo de pacientes (n: 52) com CCC boa (Rentrop 2-3). O nível de significância adotado para a análise estatística foi 5%. Resultados Os níveis médios de adropina identificados foram 210,83±17,76 pg/mL e 268,25±28,94 pg/mL nos grupos com CCC ruim e boa, respectivamente (p

Resumo Fundamento A avaliação do Escore de Cálcio Coronariano (ECC) pode ser realizada por tomografia computadorizada sem contraste para prever eventos cardiovasculares, mas tem menor valor na estratificação de risco em pacientes sintomáticos. Objetivo Identificar e validar preditores de obstrução coronariana significativa (OCS) em pacientes sintomáticos sem calcificação da artéria coronária. Métodos Um total de 4258 participantes foram rastreados dos estudos CORE64 e CORE 320, nos quais foram avaliados pacientes encaminhados para angiografia invasiva, e do Quanta Registry que incluiu pacientes encaminhados para angiotomografia. Modelos de regressão logística avaliaram associações entre fatores de risco cardiovascular, ECC e OCS. Um nível de significância de 5% foi usado nas análises. Resultados Dos 509 participantes do estudo CORE, 117 (23%) apresentaram um ECC igual a zero; 13 (11%) pacientes sem cálcio coronariano apresentaram OCS. A ausência de cálcio coronariano correlacionou-se com idade mais jovem, sexo feminino, índice de massa corporal mais baixo, ausência de diabetes, e ausência de dislipidemia. O fato de ser fumante atual aumentou em 3,5 vezes a probabilidade de OCS e outros fatores de risco cardiovasculares não apresentaram associação significativa. Considerando os achados clínicos, um algoritmo para estratificar os pacientes com ECC igual a zero foi proposto, e tiveram desempenho limitado na coorte de validação (AUC 58; IC95% 43, 72). Conclusão Um perfil de risco cardiovascular mais baixo está associado a um ECC igual a zero em pacientes de alto risco. Tabagismo é o preditor mais forte de OCS em pacientes com ausência de cálcio coronariano.

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Resumo Fundamento: Enquanto a angiografia coronária invasiva é considerada padrão outro para o diagnóstico da doença arterial coronariana (DAC), envolvendo os vasos coronários epicárdicos, a revascularização coronariana guiada por fisiologia representa uma prática padrão ouro contemporânea para a administração invasiva de pacientes com DAC intermediária. Porém, os resultados de longo prazo da avaliação da gravidade da estenose por meio da fisiologia, em comparação à angiografia como guia para a cirurgia de bypass – enxerto de bypass de artéria coronária (CABG), ainda são incertos. Esta metanálise visa avaliar os resultados clínicos de um CABG guiado por fisiologia em comparação a um CABG guiado pela angiografia. Objetivos: Buscamos determinar se os resultados entre um CABG guiado por fisiologia e os de um CABG guiado por angiografia são diferentes entre si. Métodos: Pesquisamos nas bases Medline, EMBASE e Cochrane Library. A última data de busca foi junho de 2020, e todos os estudos anteriores foram incluídos. Realizamos uma metanálise de razão de risco agrupado para quatro principais resultados: morte por todas as causas, infarto do miocárdio (IM), revascularização do vaso alvo (TVR) e eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores (MACE). Valor de p

Imaging is instrumental in diagnosing and directing the management of atherosclerosis. In 1958 the first diagnostic coronary angiography (CA) was performed, and since then further development has led to new methods such as coronary CT angiography (CTA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), positron tomography (PET), and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Currently, CA remains powerful for visualizing coronary arteries; however, recent studies show the benefits of using other non-invasive techniques. This review identifies optimum imaging techniques for diagnosing and monitoring plaque stability. This becomes even direr now, given the rapidly rising incidence of atherosclerosis in society today. Many acute coronary events, including acute myocardial infarctions and sudden deaths, are attributable to plaque rupture. Although fatal, these events can be preventable. We discuss the factors affecting plaque integrity, such as increased inflammation, medications like statins, and increased lipid content. Some of these precipitating factors are identifiable through imaging. However, we also highlight significant complications arising in some modalities; in CA this can include ventricular arrhythmia and even death. Extending this, we elucidated from the literature that risk can also vary based on the location of arteries and their plaques. Promisingly, there are less invasive methods being trialled for assessing plaque stability, such as Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR), which is already in use for other cardiac diseases like cardiomyopathies. Therefore, future research focusing on using imaging modalities in conjunction may be sensible, to bridge between the effectiveness of modalities, at the expense of increased complications, and vice versa., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology / Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os preditores de doença arterial coronária em sobreviventes à parada cardíaca, visando definir o melhor momento para realização de angiografia coronária e estabelecer o relacionamento entre doença arterial coronária e mortalidade. Métodos: Este foi um estudo retrospectivo em centro único, que incluiu os pacientes consecutivamente submetidos à angiografia coronária após uma parada cardíaca. Resultados: Incluímos 117 pacientes (63 ± 13 anos, 77% homens). A maioria dos incidentes de parada cardíaca ocorreu com ritmos chocáveis (70,1%), e o tempo mediano até retorno da circulação espontânea foi de 10 minutos. Identificou-se doença arterial coronária em 68,4% dos pacientes, dentre os quais 75% foram submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea. Elevação do segmento ST (RC de 6,5; IC95% 2,2 - 19,6; p = 0,001), presença de alterações da contratilidade segmentar (RC de 22,0; IC95% 5,7 - 84,6; p < 0,001), fração de ejeção ventricular esquerda ≤ 40% (RC de 6,2; IC95% 1,8 - 21,8; p = 0,005) e níveis elevados de troponina T de alta sensibilidade (RC de 3,04; IC95% 1,3 - 6,9; p = 0,008) foram preditores de doença arterial coronária; esse último teve baixa precisão (área sob a curva de 0,64; p = 0,004), tendo o nível de 170ng/L como ponto ideal de corte. Apenas elevação do segmento ST e presença de alterações da contratilidade segmentar foram preditores independentes de doença arterial coronária. A duração da parada cardíaca (RC de 1,015; IC95% 1,0 - 1,05; p = 0,048) foi um preditor independente de óbito, e ritmo chocável (RC de 0,4; IC95% 0,4 - 0,9; p = 0,031) foi um preditor independente de sobrevivência. A presença de doença arterial coronária e a realização de intervenção coronária percutânea não tiveram impacto na sobrevivência; não foi possível estabelecer o melhor ponto de corte para o momento da angiografia coronária. Conclusão: Em pacientes com parada cardíaca, elevação do segmento ST, alterações da contratilidade segmentar, disfunção ventricular esquerda e níveis elevados de troponina T de alta sensibilidade foram preditivos de doença arterial coronária. Nem doença arterial coronária nem a intervenção coronária percutânea tiveram impacto significante na sobrevivência.

Resumo Fundamento A intervenção coronária percutânea primária é considerada o “padrão-ouro” para reperfusão coronária. Entretanto, quando não disponível, a estratégia fármaco-invasiva é método alternativo, e o eletrocardiograma (ECG) tem sido utilizado para identificar sucesso na reperfusão. Objetivos Nosso estudo teve como objetivo examinar alterações no segmento-ST pós-lise e seu poder de prever a recanalização, usando os escores angiográficos TIMI e blush miocárdio (MBG) como critério de reperfusão ideal. Métodos Foram estudados 2.215 pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supra-ST submetidos à fibrinólise [(Tenecteplase)-TNK] e encaminhados para angiografia coronária em até 24 h pós-fibrinólise ou imediatamente encaminhados à terapia de resgate. O ECG foi realizado pré-TNK e 60 min-pós. Os pacientes foram categorizados em dois grupos: aqueles com reperfusão ideal (TIMI-3 e MBG-3) e aqueles com reperfusão inadequada (fluxo TIMI 50%. Consideramos p-valor

Resumo Fundamento: Os efeitos benéficos do elabela no sistema cardiovascular foram demonstrados em estudos. Objetivo: Comparar os níveis séricos de elabela de pacientes com oclusão total crônica (OTC) com pacientes controle com artérias coronárias normais e investigar se há correlação com o desenvolvimento colateral. Métodos: Estudo transversal e prospectivo. O estudo incluiu cinquenta pacientes (28,0% mulheres, idade média 61,6±7,3 anos) com OTC em pelo menos um vaso coronário e 50 pacientes (38% mulheres, idade média 60,7±6,38 anos) com artérias coronárias normais. Os pacientes do grupo OTC foram divididos em dois grupos: Rentrop 0–1, composto por pacientes com fraco desenvolvimento colateral e Rentrop 2–3, composto por pacientes com bom desenvolvimento colateral. Além da idade, sexo, características demográficas e exames laboratoriais de rotina dos pacientes, foram medidos os níveis de elabela. Resultados: As características demográficas e os valores laboratoriais mostraram-se semelhantes em ambos os grupos. Ao passo que o nível médio de NT-proBNP e troponina estava maior no grupo OTC, o nível médio de elabela estava menor (p

O estudo relata o caso de paciente portador de múltiplos aneurismas e ectasias das artérias coronárias que teve como primeira manifestação síndrome coronariana aguda. Trata-se de paciente masculino com 42 anos, que deu entrada com o diagnóstico de infarto agudo do miocárdio sem supra do segmento ST. A cineangiocoronariografia evidenciou lesão triarterial com dilatações aneurismáticas e ectásicas das coronárias. Foi optado por cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, porém o mesmo se negou a realizar o tratamento cirúrgico. Recebeu alta com tratamento clínico otimizado com seguimento ambulatorial pós-internação. Meses após o diagnóstico, o paciente foi a óbito já estando em seguimento em outro serviço. O aneurisma de artéria coronária é uma entidade rara. O manejo ideal ainda não está bem estabelecido, existindo dúvidas e divergências sobre o tratamento cirúrgico e o intervencionista e quando indicá-los.

La enfermedad coronaria que involucra las oclusiones crónicas y las lesiones en bifurcación continúa siendo un reto para el cardiólogo intervencionista. La mejora en las técnicas ha permitido tener una mayor tasa de éxito; sin embargo, la mejor estrategia de intervención es desconocida en este subgrupo de pacientes con oclusiones crónicas y lesiones en bifurcaciones asociadas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente en quien, en una angiografía por estudio de dolor torácico, se evidencia una oclusión total crónica y una lesión en bifurcación que fueron tratadas de manera exitosa por intervencionismo coronario.

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease in patients without comorbidities should always raise suspicion of additional conditions that favor these events since it is usually not dependent on atherosclerotic disease. CLINCAL CASE: A 56-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department for chest pain with elevation of biomarkers of myocardial injury. A coronary arteriography was performed identifying a coronary arterial fistula, which produced coronary steal and angina. Endovascular correction of the defect was achieved successfully with clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary fistulas are rare findings in coronary angiography procedures. Patients mainly present with angina or decompensated heart failure. Optimal early corrections improve outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) are a rare entity with an incidence of 0.3-5.3%. They are dilations of 1.5 times larger than normal adjacent artery, with the right coronary artery as the most affected vessel. Its pathophysiology is unclear but atherosclerosis is believed to be the main cause. CAA are generally asymptomatic but can cause coronary ischemia. Its treatment is yet to be established due to general ignorance about its nature. It ranges from conservative management to surgery. In the following text, we report a case of a patient with acute myocardial infarction presenting ST-segment elevation, who showed a right coronary artery aneurysm in coronary angiography. The patient required thrombectomy, angioplasty and subsequent lifetime outpatient medical management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: A abordagem da paragem cardiorrespiratória não-hospitalar (PCRNH), frequentemente causada por isquemia miocárdica, passa muitas vezes pela realização de angiografia coronária (AgC). Se na presença de elevação do segmento ST (EST) é mandatória a AgC emergente (

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in adults around the world. Young adult population has suffered changes in lifestyle over the decades, favoring the appearance of atherosclerosis at early ages, and as a consequence, the incidence of cardiovascular events emerges prematurely. It has been identified that most common risk factors are potentially modifiable. There is a greater prevalence of non-atherosclerotic etiologies of myocardial infarction such as spontaneous coronary dissection, congenital malformations, coronary embolism, and coronary spasm. Different angiographic findings and outcomes according to age and gender have been recognized. For this reason, we searched PubMed for published research and registries for the study of acute myocardial infarction in young patients. With this data, we carried out the present review to better understand the common findings in this group, and to compare them with older age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study reports the case of a patient with multiple aneurysms and ectasias of the coronary arteries whose first manifestation was acute coronary syndrome. This is a 42-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation. Cineangiocoronariography showed a three-vessel lesion with aneurysmatic and ectatic coronary dilations. Myocardial revascularization surgery was chosen, but he refused to undergo surgical treatment. He was discharged with optimized clinical treatment with outpatient follow-up. Months after diagnosis, the patient died and was being followed up in another service. Coronary artery aneurysm is a rare entity. The ideal management is still not well established, with doubts and disagreements about surgical and interventional treatment and when to indicate them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El ácido úrico se ha relacionado con la tendencia de precipitarse para formar cristales, que se presenta desde manera asintomática hasta con artritis, tofos o litiasis renal. Con anterioridad, se ha asociado la hiperuricemia asintomática a la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular. Determinar la asociación de enfermedad arterial coronaria compleja en pacientes con hiperuricemia asintomática. Se realizó estudio observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, unicéntrico. En un hospital de tercer nivel de México, en el periodo comprendido de junio del 2017 a marzo del 2019. Se incluyó a todos los pacientes que ingresaron para realizar angiografía coronaria; se excluyó a los pacientes con gota, uso de diuréticos y enfermedad renal crónica. Durante el periodo del estudio se seleccionó a un total de 300 pacientes, de los cuales 40% presentaron hiperuricemia. Los pacientes con hiperuricemia eran de mayor edad (59 vs. 63; p = 0,002). El grupo de pacientes con hiperuricemia asintomática tuvo mayor proporción de lesiones coronarias complejas (64 vs. 35%; p ≤ 0,0001), así como también mayor puntuación del SYNTAX I score (27 vs. 17; p ≤ 0,001). Hubo mayor probabilidad de presentar lesiones coronarias complejas en este grupo de pacientes (OR 3,4; p ≤ 0,0001). Además, en la división por grupos de nivel de ácido úrico, se relacionaba con la presencia de lesiones coronarias complejas (Q1 = 0,5; p = 0,06); (Q2 = 2; p = 0,01) y (Q3 = 3; p ≤ 0,0001). Los pacientes con hiperuricemia asintomática tienen mayor riesgo de presentar lesiones coronarias complejas. Uric acid has been related to a tendency to precipitate to form crystals, presenting asymptomatically, until the formation of arthritis, tophi or renal lithiasis. Previously, the presence of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia has been associated with the presence of cardiovascular disease. To determine the association of complex coronary artery disease in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. An observational retrospective, transversal, unicentric study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Mexico, in the period from June 2017 to March 2019. All patients admitted for coronary angiography were included; patients with gout, use of diuretics and chronic kidney disease were excluded. During the study period, a total of 300 patients were collected, of which 40% presented hyperuricaemia. The patients with hyperuricaemia were older (59 vs. 63, P =.002). The group of patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia had a higher proportion of complex coronary lesions (64 vs. 35%, P ≤.0001) as well as a higher SYNTAX I score (27 vs. 17, P ≤.001). There was a higher probability of presenting complex coronary lesions in this group of patients (OR 3.4, P ≤.0001). In addition, in the group division of uric acid levels, it was related to the presence of complex coronary lesions (Q1 =.5, P =.06), (Q2 = 2, P =.01) and (Q3 = 3, P ≤.0001). Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia has a higher prevalence and association of presenting complex coronary lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción y objetivos: La angiografía coronaria rotacional (ACR) permite reducir la cantidad de contraste administrado y puede prevenir el desarrollo de nefropatía inducida por contraste (NIC) durante los procedimientos coronarios invasivos. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar el impacto de la ACR en la aparición de NIC (aumento de creatinina ≥0,5 mg/dL o ≥25%) tras un síndrome coronario agudo. Métodos: De abril a septiembre de 2016 se seleccionaron prospectivamente pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo remitidos para coronariografía diagnóstica con posibilidad de angioplastia ad hoc, que fueron estudiados con ACR o angiografía coronaria convencional (ACC) según criterio del operador. Se compararon la NIC (variable de valoración primaria), variables analíticas, angiográficas y clínicas. Resultados: De 235 pacientes reclutados, 116 pacientes fueron estudiados con ACR y 119 pacientes con ACC. El grupo de ACR presentaba mayor edad (64,0 ± 11,8 vs. 59,7 ± 12,1 años; p = 0,006), más mujeres (44,8 vs. 17,6%; p

Background: One-catheter strategy, based in multipurpose catheters, allows exploring both coronary arteries with a single catheter. This strategy could simplify coronary catheterization and reduce the volume of contrast administration, by reducing radial spasm. To date, observational studies showed greater benefits regarding contrast consumption and catheterization performance than controlled trials. The aim of this work is to perform the first systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCT) to adequately quantify the benefits of one-catheter strategy, with multipurpose catheters, over conventional two-catheter strategy on contrast consumption, and catheterization performance. Methods: A search in PubMed, CINALH, and CENTRAL databases was conducted to identify randomized trials comparing one-catheter and two-catheter strategies. The primary outcome was volume of iodinated contrast administrated. Secondary endpoints, evaluating coronary catheterization performance included: arterial spasm, fluoroscopy time, and procedural time. Results: Five RCT were included for the final analysis, with a total of 1599 patients (802 patients with one-catheter strategy and 797 patients with two-catheter strategy). One-catheter strategy required less administration of radiological contrast (difference in means [DiM] [95% confidence interval (CI)]; -3.831 mL [-6.165 mL to-1.496 mL], p = 0.001) as compared to two-catheter strategy. Furthermore, less radial spasm (odds ratio [95% CI], 0.484 [0.363 to 0.644], p < 0.001) and less procedural time (DiM [95% CI], -72.471 s [-99.694 s to -45.249 s], p < 0.001) were observed in one-catheter strategy. No differences on fluoroscopy time were observed. Conclusions: One-catheter strategy induces a minimal reduction on radiological contrast administration but improves coronary catheterization performance by reducing arterial spasm and procedural time as compared to conventional two-catheter strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease that affects a number of vascular beds. Clin ical manifestations whether acute or chronic (acute myocardial infarction, stable angina, intermittent claudication, cerebrovascular disease, among others) start after long periods of progression; so it may present subclinically in patients with coronary ar tery disease. What is particularly interesting about this form of prese ntation is that within a series of cases with multivessel disease, associated with an ankle-brachial index (ABI)<0.9, after an acute coronary syndrome, we have ident ified, as an angiogr aphic finding, the presence of a coronary artery fistula to the right ventricle in a patient with very low ABI and clinical intermittent claudication. This fistula led to the symptoms that hampered cardiovascular rehabilitation. It is an infrequent disease characterized by chest pain; with low reporting (0.3 to 0.8%), as an incidental finding in coronary angiographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality all over the world. Their incidence and prevalence increase with age and different risk factors. The majority of factors are closely related to the lifestyle; aspects such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and stress are more prevalent day by day and vary according to the population and its geographical location. The researchers made a revision on international and national epidemiology of the acute coronary syndrome and it has changed over the years. The study included literature published in both English and Spanish retrieved from different databases. For this particular case, 50 articles focused on the epidemiologic impact of the acute coronary syndrome were reviewed. After a detailed revision, it can be said that the cardiovascular disease, which has been increasing during the past years, remains as the first cause of morbidity and mortality at the worldwide level. This syndrome causes more deaths in all events, with different incidence, age in which it takes place, economic impact and risk factors, depending on each region. The modifiable risk factors are still very important in the development of cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: la nefropatía inducida por medios de contraste (NIC) es la injuria secundaria a la exposición en procedimientos diagnósticos e intervencionistas. Representa la tercera causa de insuficiencia renal aguda hospitalaria. Esta investigación buscó establecer factores de riesgo para NIC en cateterismo cardiaco izquierdo (CCI) en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá, durante tres años. Métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva en pacientes con CCI y exposición a medios de contraste y estrategias de nefroprotección con líquidos, bicarbonato o N-acetilcisteína. Se incluyeron todos los atendidos entre 2014 y 2016. Se definió la NIC como el aumento de 0,5 mg/dL de creatinina en 72 horas o del 25% de la basal. De 495 pacientes, se excluyeron 15 con hemodiálisis previa. Se tomaron registros clínicos electrónicos realizando análisis estadístico multivariado. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico stata 13. Resultados: en 480 pacientes la incidencia de NIC fue 13,1%; tener una hemoglobina mayor 13 gr/dL en hombres, fue un factor protector para NIC OR: 0,29 (p=0.004). La creatinina basal mayor de 1,5 mg/dL aumentó el riesgo de NIC OR: 2,56 (IC 95: 1,35-4,85; p=0.004), así como la coexistencia de diabetes y enfermedad renal crónica OR: 2,73 (IC 95: 1,25 – 5.95; p=0,005). Otros factores como edad, falla cardiaca, volumen de contraste, IAM anterior y estrategias de nefroprotección, no mostraron asociación significativa. En relación con NIC la incidencia de muerte fue 9,5% y hemodiálisis 2,5%. Conclusiones: la incidencia de NIC se asocia con aumento de la mortalidad; los factores de riesgo asociados fueron creatinina >1.5 mg/dL y diabetes más enfermedad renal crónica. La hemoglobina normal en hombres se asoció con efecto protector.

Abstract Background: Despite its great relevance, there are no studies in our country evaluating the application of the 2012 guidelines for the appropriate use of cardiac diagnostic catheterization. Objective: To analyze the adequacy of coronary angiography performed in two hospitals in the southern region of Brazil. Methods: This is a multicenter cross-sectional study, which analyzed indications, results and proposals for the treatment of 737 coronary angiograms performed in a tertiary hospital with multiple specialties (Hospital A) and a tertiary cardiology hospital (Hospital B). Elective or emergency coronary angiographies were included, except for cases of acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation. The level of statistical significance adopted was 5% (p < 0.05). Results: Of the 737 coronary angiograms, 63.9% were performed in male patients. The mean age was 61.6 years. The indication was acute coronary syndrome in 57.1%, and investigation of coronary artery disease in 42.9% of the cases. Regarding appropriation, 80.6% were classified as appropriate, 15.1% occasionally appropriate, and 4.3% rarely appropriate. The proposed treatment was clinical for 62.7%, percutaneous coronary intervention for 24.6%, and myocardial revascularization surgery for 12.7% of the cases. Of the coronary angiographies classified as rarely appropriate, 56.2% were related to non-performance of previous functional tests, and 21.9% showed severe coronary lesions. However, regardless of the outcome of coronary angiography, all patients in this group were indicated for clinical treatment. Conclusion: We observed a low number of rarely appropriate coronary angiograms in our sample. The guideline recommendation in these cases was adequate, and no patient required revascularization treatment. Most of these cases are due to non-performance of functional tests.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a novel deep learning attenuation correction software (DLACS) for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using a cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) cardio dedicated camera with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) correlation for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a high-risk population., Methods: Retrospective study of 300 patients (196 males [65%], mean age 68 years) from September 2014 to October 2019 undergoing MPI, followed by ICA and evaluated by means of quantitative angiography software, within six months after the MPI. The mean pre-test probability score for coronary disease according to the European Society of Cardiology criteria was 37% for the whole cohort. The MPI was performed in a dedicated CZT cardio camera (D-SPECT Spectrum Dynamics) with a two-day protocol, according to the European Association of Nuclear Medicine guidelines. MPI was retrospectively evaluated with and without the DLACS., Results: The overall diagnostic accuracy of MPI without DLACS to identify patients with any obstructive CAD at ICA was 87%, sensitivity 94%, specificity 57%, Positive Predictive Value 91% and Negative Predictive Value 64%. Using DLACS the overall diagnostic accuracy was 90%, sensitivity 91%, specificity 86%, Positive Predictive Value 97% and Negative Predictive Value 66%., Conclusion: Use of the novel DLACS enhances performance of the MPI using the CZT D-SPECT camera and achieves improved results, especially avoiding artefacts and reducing the number of false positive results., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Radial access is the gold standard for ST-elevation myocardial infarction; nevertheless, there is scarce information in Mexico. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the differences in radiation exposure, intervention time, fluoroscopy time, complications and temporal trends, and risk factors among radial and femoral access for coronary procedures. Materials and Methods: A total of 493 patients underwent coronary interventions by femoral or radial access. Sociodemographic and procedural data were recorded. A logistic regression model to determine risk factors for complications was performed. Results: The population included 346 men and 147 women, with a median age of 63 years, 159 underwent radial and 334 femoral approaches. Complications occurred in 18 patients (3.6%), 11 in radial and 7 in femoral access, with a higher trend in the first 5 months (n = 14). Vasospasm was the most common (n = 9) complication. Median fluoroscopy time was 12 min for radial and 9 min for femoral groups, with a total radiation dose of 2282 μGm2 and 2848 μGm2, respectively. Temporal trends showed that complications occurred most frequently during the first 6 months of the study. The main predictors for complications were intervention time and one-vessel disease. Conclusions: Radial access had higher frequency of complications than femoral approach and they were more common during the first 6 months. The main risk factor was intervention time longer than 60 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A 72-year-old woman, with a history of stable effort angina, who was performed, after presenting a non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, a conventional coronary angiography (invasive) that evidenced the multivessel coronary artery disease with significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery, therefore, a surgical treatment was decided. At 70 minutes she presented pain in the left side and ipsilateral lumbar region, nausea and vomiting. The initial physical examination evidenced a palpable, painful mass in the left side. The tomography showed the presence of a left subcapsular renal hematoma. To the acute abdomen pattern was added a hypovolemic shock, thus, the patient underwent surgery, confirming the tomographic diagnosis and performing a nephrectomy. This particular case presented predisposing factors for spontaneous and traumatic cause; however, based on the findings in the anatomopathological study, the conclusion was a renal subcapsular hematoma of traumatic origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop and test a beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring device during coronary angiography, and compare it with invasive blood pressure monitoring. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with an indication for hemodynamic study were selected for this investigation, and kept in supine position. Before starting the coronary angiography, they were instructed about the use of the left radial bracelet for beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring. Results: There was a significant difference between the time required for the catheterization laboratory team to acquire the first invasive blood pressure reading and the time to obtain the first beat-to-beat reading (11.1±5.1 and 1.5±1.8, respectively; p<0.0001). The intraclass correlation coefficients (95%CI) of systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 0.897 (0.780-0.952) and 0.876 (0.734-0.942), indicating good reproducibility. Conclusion: This study showed the process to develop a beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring device. When compared to invasive blood pressure monitoring, there were no significant differences between the two methods. This technique may play a promising coadjuvant role when combined with invasive monitoring during coronary angiography procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la angiografía por tomografía computada (angio-TC) coronaria y el desarrollo de un evento coronario agudo en los primeros 6 meses en pacientes adultos con dolor torácico agudo, atendidos en el servicio de urgencias de una clínica de nivel IV de atención. Materiales y métodos: Entre febrero de 2012 y de 2014, se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en pacientes adultos que consultaron al servicio de urgencias por un dolor torácico agudo. Todos (n = 62) fueron estudiados por angio-TC coronaria en un tomógrafo Siemens de 40 detectores. Del total, se incluyeron para el análisis a 46 pacientes con resultado negativo o estenosis menor del 50%, a los que se les realizó un seguimiento telefónico o por historia clínica de 6 meses de duración. Se excluyeron los casos a los que no se les pudo hacer un control en los 6 meses posteriores o que tuvieron una estenosis mayor del 50%. Resultados: En la angio-TC se encontraron coronarias sanas en 37 (80%) pacientes y placas no obstructivas en 9 (20%). De los 46 casos incluidos, ninguno presentó un evento coronario agudo o muerte secundaria a este durante los 6 meses de seguimiento. Conclusión: La angio-TC coronaria es una ayuda diagnóstica útil para la valoración de pacientes con dolor torácico agudo. Constituye una herramienta segura y de rápida realización, que permite definir los resultados negativos o la existencia de placas no obstructivas desde el mismo servicio de urgencias.

La enfermedad cardiovascular ateroescleróticasigue siendo el mayor problema de salud en lapoblación adulta, destacando el infarto del miocardio(IAM) como su principal manifestación.Desde que se hizo evidente que el IAM y otrasmanifestaciones de la enfermedad coronaria noobedecían a una etiología precisa, pero que serelacionaban con diversas características, respondiendoa un modelo causal multifactorial,donde interviene variables fisiológicas, bioquímicas,y sociales entre otras, el estudio de los factoresde riesgo (FR) y su eventual modificación,se ha transformado en la herramienta principalpara intentar prevenir el problema y disminuir lamorbimortalidad cardiovascular