Search

Angelica dahurica is a common species of medicine and food homology, which is not only a common clinical traditional Chinese medicine, but also a spice, with a wide range of uses. In order to obtain the whole genome sequence information of A. dahurica, we used A. dahurica var. formosana leaf DNA as material, and the Nanopore sequencing technology was used to establish its nucleotide sequences database, then genome assembly, function annotation and evolution analysis were carried out by bioinformatic methods. The results were as follows:(1) A total of 662 Gb of the third-generation data were obtained after fittering the original sequencing data, with the Read N50 about 32 932 bp. The assembled A. dahurica genome size was 5.6 Gb, Contig N50 was about 806 638 bp. (2) The genes were with gene annotations accounted for 66.47% after being compared with functional databases such as NR, KOG and KEGG. The result of KOG gene annotation was that the protein function of A. dahurica concentrated in the general functional prediction, posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones and signal transduction mechanisms. GO functional classification indicated that the genes of A. dahurica concentrated on cell biological processes and components. KEGG analysis found that the A. dahurica genes mostly involved in metabolic pathways. (3) And 45 genes of BGLU family were identified in A. dahurica. In this study, the whole genome of A. dahurica is resolved by the third-generation sequencing technology for the first time, which provides important theoretical references for the systematic biological study and the further study of the function of BGLU in the growth and development of A. dahurica.

Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (ADR) holds a prominent place in traditional medicine for its remarkable antioxidative, anti-allergic, and antiproliferative capabilities. Recognized within the Korean Pharmacopoeia (KP 12th), Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. and Hook.f. ex Franch. and Sav. (AD) and Angelica dahurica var. formosana (H. Boissieu) Yen (ADF) serve as the botanical origins for ADR. Differentiating these two varieties is crucial for the formulation and quality control of botanical drugs, as they are categorized under the same medicinal label. This research utilized two-dimensional high-performance thin-layer chromatography (2D-HPTLC) to effectively distinguish AD from ADF. Additionally, a quantitative analysis reveals significant differences in the concentrations of key active constituents such as oxypeucedanin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin, with AD showing higher total coumarin levels. We further enhanced our investigative depth by incorporating a DPPH bioautography, which confirmed known antioxidant coumarins and unearthed previously undetected antioxidant profiles, including byakangelicin, byakangelicol, falcarindiol in both AD and ADF, and notably, 2-linoleoyl glycerol detected only in AD as an antioxidant spot. This comprehensive approach affords a valuable tool set for botanical drug development, emphasizing the critical need for accurate source plant identification and differentiation in ensuring the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guihaia is the property of Guihaia Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (ADR) holds a prominent place in traditional medicine for its remarkable antioxidative, anti-allergic, and antiproliferative capabilities. Recognized within the Korean Pharmacopoeia (KP 12th), Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. and Hook.f. ex Franch. and Sav. (AD) and Angelica dahurica var. formosana (H. Boissieu) Yen (ADF) serve as the botanical origins for ADR. Differentiating these two varieties is crucial for the formulation and quality control of botanical drugs, as they are categorized under the same medicinal label. This research utilized two-dimensional high-performance thin-layer chromatography (2D-HPTLC) to effectively distinguish AD from ADF. Additionally, a quantitative analysis reveals significant differences in the concentrations of key active constituents such as oxypeucedanin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin, with AD showing higher total coumarin levels. We further enhanced our investigative depth by incorporating a DPPH bioautography, which confirmed known antioxidant coumarins and unearthed previously undetected antioxidant profiles, including byakangelicin, byakangelicol, falcarindiol in both AD and ADF, and notably, 2-linoleoyl glycerol detected only in AD as an antioxidant spot. This comprehensive approach affords a valuable tool set for botanical drug development, emphasizing the critical need for accurate source plant identification and differentiation in ensuring the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine products.

Schizogenous secretory canal is an important functional structure of Angelica dahurica var. formosana, which is the main part of the accumulation of essential oil, coumarin and other components. The developmental process of secretory tissue and the accumulation of components are closely related. Meanwhile, programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in the development of plant secretory tissues, which is usually associated with autophagy. However, there are fewer studies involving PCD and autophagy with the development of schizogenous secretory canal. This study aims to provide new data on the development of schizogenous secretory canal in A. dahurica var. formosana. Light and transmission electron microscopy were used to reveal the cytological characteristics of secretory canal in A. dahurica var. formosana roots at different developmental stages. PCD and autophagy signals during the developmental process were detected using techniques such as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) detection, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and immunofluorescent labeling. The results showed that the walls of secretory cells were intact during the development of schizogenous secretory canal in A. dahurica var. formosana roots. Mature secretory cells showed high vacuolization and accumulated a large number of essential oils. Meanwhile, we also observed significant ultrastructural features of PCD and autophagy during the developmental process. The signal detection results indicated that PCD and autophagy were jointly involved in the development of schizogenous secretory canal in A. dahurica var. formosana roots, and caspase-3-like protease may act as an upstream signal and participate in PCD., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Ｉｎ ｏｒｄｅｒ ｔｏ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅ ａｎｄ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃａｎａｌｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ ａｎｄ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ｉｎ ｒｏｏｔ ｏｆ Ａｎｇｅｌｉｃａ ｄａｈｕｒｉｃａ ｖａｒ. ｆｏｒｍｏｓａｎａꎬ ｔｈｅ ｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ ａｎｄ ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ｗｅｒｅ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｂｙ ｌｉｇｈｔ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ ａｎｄ ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ. Ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｓｉｔｅｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ｗｅｒｅ ａｌｓｏ ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｉｓｔｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ. Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｓ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｓ: Ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃａｎａｌｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｏｔ ｏｆ Ａ. ｄａｈｕｒｉｃａ ｖａｒ. ｆｏｒｍｏｓａｎａ ｗａｓ ｆｉｒｓｔ ｔｏ ｏｃｃｕｒ ｉｎ ｐｅｒｉｃｙｃｌｅꎬ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃａｎａｌｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙ ｓｔｒｕｃ- ｔｕｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｍａｉｎｌｙ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｐｈｌｏｅｍ ａｎｄ ｃｏｒｔｅｘꎻ Ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ｉｓ ｎｏｔ ｏｎｌｙ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｐｌａｓｍｉｄ ａｎｄ ｃｙ- ｔｏｐｌａｓｍ ｏｆ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌｓꎬ ｂｕｔ ａｌｓｏ ｍａｙ ｂｅ ｃｌｏｓｅｌｙ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｓｕｒｒｏｕｎｄｉｎｇ ｃｅｌｌｓꎻ Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ａｂｕｎｄａｎｔ ｇｏｌｇｉ ａｐｐａｒａｔｕｓ ａｎｄ ｅｎｄｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃ ｒｅｔｉｃｕｌｕｍ ｉｎ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌｓꎬ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｍａｙ ｐａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｅ ｉｎ ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｖｅｓｉｃｌｅｓꎬ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｎ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｌｕｍｅｎ ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ ｔｈｅ ｃｅｌｌ ｗａｌｌꎻ Ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗａｓ ａｃｔｉｖｅ ｎｅａｒ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｒｎｅｒ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ａｄｊａ- ｃｅｎｔ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌ ｗａｌｌꎬ ｔｈｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ ｄｅｎｓｅ ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ ｗａｓ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｌｕｍｅｎꎻ Ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｍａｔｕｒｅ ｓｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ｓｅｃｒｅ- ｔｏｒｙ ｃａｎａｌｓꎬ ａ ｌａｒｇｅ ｏｆ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｉｌ ｄｒｏｐｌｅｔｓ ｉｎ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌｓ ａｎｄ ｌｕｍｅｎꎬ ｓｏ ｗｅ ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｍａｉｎ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｓｉｔｅｓ ｏｆ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ａｒｅ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌｓ ａｎｄ ｌｕｍｅｎ. Ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｃｌａｒｉｆｉｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅꎬ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃａｎａｌｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｏｔ ｏｆ Ａ. ｄａｈｕｒｉｃａ ｖａｒ. ｆｏｒｍｏｓａｎａꎬ ａｎｄ ｒｅｖｅａｌｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ ａｎｄ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｉｌ ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｃａｎａｌｓ. Ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ ａ ｄｅｔａｉｌｅｄ ｔｈｅｏｒｅｔｉｃａｌ ｉｎ- ｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒ ｅｌｕｃｉｄａｔｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ａｎｄ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｓｅｃｒｅｔｏｒｙ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ａｃｃｕｍｕ- ｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbiomes are the most important members involved in the regulation of soil nitrogen metabolism. Beneficial interactions between plants and microbiomes contribute to improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency. In this study, we investigated the Apiaceae medicinal plant Angelica dahurica var. formosana . We found that under a low-nitrogen treatment, the abundance of carbon metabolites in the rhizosphere secretions of A. dahurica var. formosana significantly increased, thereby promoting the ratio of C to N in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils, increasing carbon sequestration, and shaping the microbial community composition, thus promoting a higher yield and furanocoumarin synthesis. Confirmation through the construction of a synthetic microbial community and feedback experiments indicated that beneficial plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria play a crucial role in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency and selectively regulating the synthesis of target furanocoumarins under low nitrogen conditions. These findings may contribute additional theoretical evidence for understanding the mechanisms of interaction between medicinal plants and rhizosphere microorganisms.

The accurate identification of plant species is of great concern for the quality control of herbal medicines. The Korean Pharmacopoeia and the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China define Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baek-Ji in Korean and Bai-zhi in Chinese) as the dried roots of Angelica dahurica or A. dahurica var. formosana belonging to the family Apiaceae. Discrimination among Angelica species on the basis of morphological characteristics is difficult due to their extremely polymorphic traits and controversial taxonomic history. Furthermore, dried roots processed for medicinal applications are indistinguishable using conventional methods. DNA barcoding is a useful and reliable method for the identification of species. In this study, we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes in A. dahurica, A. dahurica var. formosana, and the related species A. anomala and A. japonica. Using these sequences, we designed species-specific primers, and developed and optimized a multiplex sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) assay that can simply and rapidly identify respective species, and verify the contamination of adulterant depending on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification without sequencing analysis in a single PCR reaction. This assay successfully identified commercial samples of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix collected from Korean and Chinese herbal markets, and distinguished them from adulterants. This multiplex SCAR assay shows a great potential in reducing the time and cost involved in the identification of genuine Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and adulterant contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of the plant growth promoter gibberellic acid (GA3) and plant growth retardant chlormequat chloride (CCC) on biomass and quality of Angelica dahurica var. formosana plants were investigated employing physiological and biochemical methods. Plants were sprayed with GA3 or CCC at rosette stage and coumarin content was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after harvest. Two coumarins in root were detected: isoimperatorin and imperatorin. The root content of imperatorin was not affected by application either GA3 or CCC, while isoimperatorin was increased to 127% after treatment with CCC (400 mg L-1). The lowest concentrations of GA3 (50 mg L-1) and CCC (400 mg L-1) increased root yield to 157 and 139%, respectively. We note here that GA3 and CCC might be used in improving the yield of A. dahurica var. formosana and maintaining the coumarin content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]