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The sediment-hosted polymetallic (Pb, Zn, Ag, Au-Cu) mineralization of the Vale do Ribeira Mineral District has been known since the beginning of the 20th century, but exploration was interrupted just before the turn of the century. The Vale do Ribeira Mineral District is part of the Southern Ribeira Belt, developed during the Brasiliano-Pan African orogeny. Polymetallic mineralization is mainly hosted in metalimestones of the Lajeado Group, a typical platform carbonate sequence of a passive margin, which has been deformed during the Gondwana assembly. The region has a gap of research since the mines were closed, which justifies new projects on their mineral economic potential. Fieldwork, petrographic and geochemical analyses were developed in five currently inactive mines (Panelas, Barrinha, Rocha, Lajeado, and Furnas) and their surroundings, along with the description of a drill core executed in the 1980s. The main type of ore consists of polymetallic fault-fill veins of massive sulfide, which are composed essentially by argentiferous galena, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, and chalcopyrite. The highest ore grades were obtained from samples in the Panelas Mine, with contents of up to 35% lead, 5% zinc, > 1% copper and 564 ppm silver, as well as 23% iron. New ore occurrences were described in a secondary gallery of the Barrinha Mine, whose gold grades reached up to 5,630 ppb. The main controls of the mineralization are lithological - since the ore occurs exclusively in carbonate rocks, irrespective of the geological unit - and structural, related to NE high-angle strike-slip fault zones, including evidence of fault-valve behavior. Fault zones as the main control of the polymetallic veins is an innovative interpretation, increasing the perspectives for mineral exploration in the area. Although they are small deposits, the presented data indicate that the region has potential for new discoveries and that the mined deposits are probably not exhausted.

This study presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis of porosity in deformation bands by applying X-ray micro-computed tomography in conjunction with microstructural analysis. Samples of compactional cataclastic bands and shear compactional bands identified in Early Cretaceous aeolian sandstones of the Parana Basin were analyzed. The application of X-ray micro-computed tomography expanded the view of features in the porous framework of each type of deformation band studied and provided information that are not clear or was not observable with optical microscopy. The compactional cataclastic bands and shear compactional bands differ in geometry, thickness, microstructures and, mainly, in the distribution, shape and orientation of the remaining pores. Porosity analysis was also performed by comparing values of porosity (total, open and closed pores) of the parental rock and the deformation band in each sample. Results of these analyses show a reduction of total porosity and open pores and therefore an increase in the amount of closed pores in all types of deformation bands in relation to parental rock. In addition, it is observed that changes in porosity characteristics are related to the effect of different deformation mechanisms that operated in each type of deformation band.

The characterization of shear zones at the southern portion of the Ribeira Belt, PR, BR, as well as its recognition in depth is a major challenge. Despite the lack of subsurface information, the influence of such structures on the installation and evolution of the Parana Basin during the Phanerozoic is widely accepted. Therefore, in this paper, are applied methods of anomaly enhancement (qualitative analysis) and estimative of the sources depth (semiquantitative analysis), on the aeromagnetic coverage of the Lancinha Shear Zone area (LSZ) in the Parana state, in order to verify its spatial arrangement in subsurface. The processing resulted in the interpretation of magnetic-structural framework of the study area, which was validated by the depth estimative of the magnetic sources (Euler solutions). The results indicated the extension of the Lancinha, Morro Agudo and Itapirapua shear zones under the Parana Basin coverage.

The Camboriu Complex is the only gneissic-migmatitic inlier within the Neoproterozoic Brusque Group supracrustal rocks, in the northernmost part of the Dom Feliciano Belt, southern Brazil. It comprises the Morro do Boi migmatites and the diatexitic Ponta do Cabeco Granite. Zircon U-Pb dating of migmatites and associated granitic neosomes shows that crustal evolution started in the Paleo- Mesoarchean (3.3-3.0 Ga), continued with events through the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic and ended in the Neoproterozoic (0.64-0.61 Ga). Integration of zircon Hf isotopic data and U-Pb ages indicate that juvenile crustal accretion was restricted to the Archean and that afterwards intracrustal reworking predominated. The exception to this is the ca. 1.56 Ga xenoliths (basic dike remnants?), whose magmatic zircons have juvenile Hf isotopic signatures. This basic magmatism marks extension of the earlier Precambrian complex. Although the Camboriu Complex is dominated by early Precambrian crustal additions, it was so strongly reworked in the Neoproterozoic that melts derived from it intruded the adjacent Neoproterozoic Brusque Group supracrustal rocks. Because of this strong overprint, we regard the Camboriu Complex as a Neoproterozoic (Ediacaran) geotectonic unit. In terms of its history, the Camboriu Complex most closely matches the Atuba Complex, the basement of the Curitiba Microplate that occurs further to the north, close to the Ribeira Belt, another Neoproterozoic orogen of southern Brazil.

A origem anatética dos migmatitos do Complexo Camboriú é evidenciada pelas macroestruturas e suportada pelos dados petrográficos, geoquímicos e isotópicos. A fusão parcial em regime compressivo é sugerida pela grande quantidade de leucossoma em regiões de baixa pressão como interboudins e superfície de dilatação. A intensificação do processo anatético pode ser devida ao aumento do gradiente geotérmico provocado pela intrusão dos muitos corpos graníticos neoproterozóicos presentes. A complexidade do sistema geoquímico e isotópico analisado em detalhe aponta possíveis equívocos em trabalhos regionais. Apesar dos dados isotópicos nos migmatitos anatéticos sugerirem gênese em crosta continental em sistema relativamente fechado, a mobilização de elementos em pequena escala modificou as razões isotópicas dos mesossomas, leucossomas e rochas ultramáficas associadas, as quais, sem controle de campo, petrográfico e geoquímico, conduziriam a interpretações errôneas sobre a evolução geológica da região. A temperatura para formação do leucossoma é estimada em 750-800 C, principalmente pelos indícios de geração por fusão de rochas quartzo-feldspáticas em presença de água, com possível participação da muscovita no processo de anatexia, porém com preservação da biotita. O estudo integrado aplicando diferentes métodos analíticos a dados de um único afloramento, com amostras de unidades regionais para correlação levou a uma melhor compreensão da evolução petrogenética do Complexo Camboriú, o qual, após a extração do manto há aproximadamente 2,5 Ga, foi reciclado em crosta continental espessada. Os resultados sugerem que migmatitos, associados a rochas ultramáficas, ou fontes muito semelhantes, em condições de temperatura e pressão mais altas, são os protólitos dos granitos Itapema, Serra dos macacos e Corre Mar, também resultantes de reciclagem crustal. Os valores negativos de eNd(595 Ma) e positivos de eSr(595 Ma), com 87Sr/86Sr inicial (595 Ma) > 0,706 e > 8, indicam gênese em crosta superior, suportada pela análise geoquímica. Estas condições, e as temperaturas relativamente baixas de formação dos leucossomas seriam compatíveis com um cenário em que as rochas migmatíticas constituíssem tetos pendentes das intrusões graníticas que predominam na região. The anatectic origin evidenced by known macrostructures in migmatites of the Camboriú Complex is supported by petrographical, geochemical and isotopic data, with partial melting under compressional regimen being suggested by the large amount of leucosome bodies at low-pressure sites represented by interboudins and dilation surfaces. Despite the continental origin in a relatively closed system suggested by the isotopic data, small-scale mobilization of elements and its consequent isotopic ratio changes in leucosomes and their associated ultramafic rocks might lead studies unsupported by field, petrographic and geochemical control to erroneous interpretations of the geological evolution of the region. The geochemical and isotopic complexities revealed in the detailed study of one single outcrop bring about how misinterpreted interpretations can be in regional isotopic studies. Generation temperatures of 700 to 800 C are estimated for leucosomes, from melting of quartzofeldspatic rocks in presence of water, biotite having taken part of the anatectic process, with possible participation of muscovite. Anatexis may have been intensified by the geothermal gradient elevation that followed numerous Neoproterozoic granite intrusions in the region. The combined use of different analytical methods on data from one single outcrop and correlation samples from regional units led to a better understanding of the petrogenetic evolution of the Camboriú Complex, recycled under thickened continental crust after mantle extraction circa 2.5 Ga. Migmatites in association with ultramafic rocks, or other compositionally similar combinations at higher pressure and temperature conditions, would be protoliths for the Itapema, Serra dos Macacos, and Corre-Mar granites, that also show evidence of having undergone similar crustal recycling. Negative values of eSr(595 Ma), with initial 87Sr/86Sr (595 Ma) > 0.706 and > 8 suggest upper-crust generation conditions, as supported by geochemical results. Such conditions, and the relatively low leucosome generation temperatures seem compatible with a geological setting in which the migmatites of the Camboriú Complex would represent pending roofs to granite intrusions.

The Mina da Palma oceanic plateau is described for the first time in the São Gabriel Block, southern Brazilian Shield. It is composed mostly of metabasalts, marbles and metachert. Two deformational events are recognized in the Palma region, thrust faulting followed by dextral subvertical shearing. The rocks were metamorphosed in the greenschist facies, as shown by the dominant mineral assemblage albite-actinolite-chlorite-epidote-opaques. Metamorphic alteration was intense, because only a few relicts of the original magmatic textures are preserved, such as flow structure of amphibole and plagioclase. In spite of intense alteration during metamorphism, geochemical studies show that the chemical composition of many basalts is still preserved. The metabasalts are transitional tholeiite/alkaline and reflect intraplate conditions of formation. The tectonic environment was identified by field relations, such as predominance of basalts and small volume of marble and chert and minor clastic sedimentary rocks. The tectonic environment of formation is reflected in the geochemistry, particularly in multi-element spidergrams, because no significant Nb anomaly is observed in the least altered samples.Previous investigations showed the presence of an island-arc basaltic-andesitic association in the Palma region, which indicated that the geological unit contains one oceanic association and one active plate margin association. This is possibly the first description of remnants of an oceanic plateau in the Brazilian Shield.

A porosidade contida nas rochas e objeto de estudo de geocientistas devido a diversas implicacoes geneticas destas feicoes. Porem, o que vem motivando a busca por novas tecnicas analiticas para estudo dos poros sao as analises petrofisicas. As tecnicas experimentais de analise de porosidade, como injecao de mercurio ou gas, possibilitam uma aproximacao quantitativa, mas nao permitem a visualizacao do arcabouco poroso. A analise petrografica por microscopia optica permite a visualizacao e quantificacao dos poros intergranulares, porem, esta restrita ao espaco bidimensional, sendo as quantifi cacoes menos representativas. O avanco tecnologico na microtomografia computadorizada de raios X (micro-CT) permite a analise tridimensional dos poros em microescala, alem de quantificacoes automatizadas no volume. As analises em marmore, quartzito, arenito e brecha carbonatica representadas neste trabalho, executadas no âmbito do PROJETO FALHAS/ PETROBRAS/UFPR, mostram a forma, tamanho, conectividade, tortuosidade, distribuicao e volume dos poros nestes litotipos, demonstrando as diferencas nos arcaboucos porosos das rochas. A integracao da micro- CT a petrografia possibilita a identificacao de fases minerais com atenuacao de raios X contrastantes, situando a incidencia de porosidade no contexto mineralogico em tres dimensoes, alem de contribuir para a consistencia do metodo. Embora a resolucao seja limitada no microtomografo de raios X utilizado (modelo 1172 da Skyscan ), que nao atinge o menor tamanho de poro de alguns litotipos, a integracao das duas tecnicas fornece informacoes ineditas e de extrema importância para investigacao de microfeicoes relacionadas aos poros em rocha, auxiliando em interpretacoes geneticas e contribuindo significativamente para analise de reservatorios.