Search

Number books are an effective tool to increase math talk and promote children's mathematical thinking, but little is known about book genre effects. How do different types of number books impact mathematical input? This study examined whether book genre affects the amount and types of teachers' math talk. Using a within‐subjects design, we asked 31 teachers of 4‐ to 5‐year‐olds to read a narrative number book and a nonnarrative number book in a counterbalanced order. The books were matched in target numerical content. We found that the nonnarrative number book elicited more math talk than the narrative number book. In a qualitative analysis, we analyzed multiple conversational turns and found that both books allowed teachers to engage in simple math discussions, but there were differences in other types of math discussions. Together, these findings show that the quantity and quality of mathematical input differ as a function of genre. Number books increase math talk but little is known about book genre effects. We gave preschool teachers a narrative and a nonnarrative number book to read to children. We found that the nonnarrative number book led to more math talk than the narrative book and that the two books afforded different types of math discussions. Although we did not measure children's numerical knowledge, our study shows that providing different number books can support diverse teacher–child math discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: H. pylori eradication reduces the risk of gastric malignancies and peptic ulcer disease. First-line therapies include 14-day PAC (proton pump inhibitor [PPI], amoxicillin, clarithromycin) and PBMT (PPI, bismuth, metronidazole, tetracycline). Second-line therapies include 14-day PBMT and PAL (PPI, amoxicillin, levofloxacin). This clinical audit examined current treatment outcomes in Singapore.Methods: Clinical data of H. pylori-positive patientswho underwent empirical first- and second-line eradication therapies from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2018 were reviewed. Treatment success was determined by 13C urea breath test performed at least 4 weeks after treatment and 2 weeks off PPI.Results: A total of 963 patients (862 PAC, 36 PMC [PPI, metronidazole, clarithromycin], 18 PBMT, 13 PBAC [PAC with bismuth], 34 others) and 98 patients (62 PMBT, 15 PAL, 21 others) received first-and second-line therapies respectively. A 14-day treatment duration was appropriately prescribed for first- and second-line therapies in 65.2% and 82.7% of patients, respectively. First-line treatment success rates were noted for PAC (seven-day: 76.9%, ten-day: 88.3%, 14-day: 92.0%), PMC (seven-day: 0, ten-day: 75.0%, 14-day: 69.8%), PBMT (ten-day: 100%, 14-day: 87.5%) and PBAC (14-day: 100%). 14-day treatment was superior to seven-day treatment (90.8% vs. 71.4%; P = 0.028). PAC was superior to PMC (P < 0.001) but similar to PBMT (P = 0.518) and PBAC (P = 0.288) in 14-day therapies. 14-day second-line PAL and PBMT had similar efficacy (90.9% vs. 82.4%; P = 0.674).Conclusion: First-line empirical treatment using PAC, PBMT and PBAC for 14 days had similar efficacy. Success rates for second-line PBMT and PAL were similar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]