1. C9orf72, age at onset, and ancestry help discriminate behavioral from language variants in FTLD cohorts
- Author
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Costa, Beatrice, Manzoni, Claudia, Bernal-Quiros, Manuel, Kia, Demis A, Aguilar, Miquel, Alvarez, Ignacio, Alvarez, Victoria, Andreassen, Ole, Anfossi, Maria, Bagnoli, Silvia, Benussi, Luisa, Bernardi, Livia, Binetti, Giuliano, Blackburn, Daniel, Boada, Mercè, Borroni, Barbara, Bowns, Lucy, Bråthen, Geir, Bruni, Amalia C, Chiang, Huei-Hsin, Clarimon, Jordi, Colville, Shuna, Conidi, Maria E, Cope, Tom E, Cruchaga, Carlos, Cupidi, Chiara, Di Battista, Maria Elena, Diehl-Schmid, Janine, Diez-Fairen, Monica, Dols-Icardo, Oriol, Durante, Elisabetta, Flisar, Dušan, Frangipane, Francesca, Galimberti, Daniela, Gallo, Maura, Gallucci, Maurizio, Ghidoni, Roberta, Graff, Caroline, Grafman, Jordan H, Grossman, Murray, Hardy, John, Hernández, Isabel, Holloway, Guy JT, Huey, Edward D, Illán-Gala, Ignacio, Karydas, Anna, Khoshnood, Behzad, Kramberger, Milica G, Kristiansen, Mark, Lewis, Patrick A, Lleó, Alberto, Madhan, Gaganjit K, Maletta, Raffaele, Maver, Aleš, Menendez-Gonzalez, Manuel, Milan, Graziella, Miller, Bruce, Mol, Merel O, Momeni, Parastoo, Moreno-Grau, Sonia, Morris, Chris M, Nacmias, Benedetta, Nilsson, Christer, Novelli, Valeria, Öijerstedt, Linn, Padovani, Alessandro, Pal, Suvankar, Panchbhaya, Yasmin, Pastor, Pau, Peterlin, Borut, Piaceri, Irene, Pickering-Brown, Stuart, Pijnenburg, Yolande AL, Puca, Annibale A, Rainero, Innocenzo, Rendina, Antonella, Richardson, Anna MT, Rogaeva, Ekaterina, Rogelj, Boris, Rollinson, Sara, Rossi, Giacomina, Rossmeier, Carola, Rowe, James B, Rubino, Elisa, Ruiz, Agustín, Sanchez-Valle, Raquel, Sando, Sigrid B, Santillo, Alexander F, Saxon, Jennifer, Scarpini, Elio, Serpente, Maria, Smirne, Nicoletta, Sorbi, Sandro, Suh, EunRan, Tagliavini, Fabrizio, Thompson, Jennifer C, Trojanowski, John Q, Van Deerlin, Vivianna M, Van der Zee, Julie, and Van Broeckhoven, Christine
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Neurosciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Rare Diseases ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD) ,Brain Disorders ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,Neurodegenerative ,Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) ,Genetics ,Clinical Research ,Dementia ,Neurological ,Age of Onset ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Aphasia ,Primary Progressive ,C9orf72 Protein ,Cohort Studies ,DNA Repeat Expansion ,Europe ,Female ,Frontotemporal Dementia ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ,Geography ,Humans ,Male ,Mediterranean Region ,Middle Aged ,Principal Component Analysis ,Scandinavian and Nordic Countries ,Syndrome ,International FTD-Genetics Consortium ,Cognitive Sciences ,Neurology & Neurosurgery ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
ObjectiveWe sought to characterize C9orf72 expansions in relation to genetic ancestry and age at onset (AAO) and to use these measures to discriminate the behavioral from the language variant syndrome in a large pan-European cohort of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) cases.MethodsWe evaluated expansions frequency in the entire cohort (n = 1,396; behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia [bvFTD] [n = 800], primary progressive aphasia [PPA] [n = 495], and FTLD-motor neuron disease [MND] [n = 101]). We then focused on the bvFTD and PPA cases and tested for association between expansion status, syndromes, genetic ancestry, and AAO applying statistical tests comprising Fisher exact tests, analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc tests, and logistic and nonlinear mixed-effects model regressions.ResultsWe found C9orf72 pathogenic expansions in 4% of all cases (56/1,396). Expansion carriers differently distributed across syndromes: 12/101 FTLD-MND (11.9%), 40/800 bvFTD (5%), and 4/495 PPA (0.8%). While addressing population substructure through principal components analysis (PCA), we defined 2 patients groups with Central/Northern (n = 873) and Southern European (n = 523) ancestry. The proportion of expansion carriers was significantly higher in bvFTD compared to PPA (5% vs 0.8% [p = 2.17 × 10-5; odds ratio (OR) 6.4; confidence interval (CI) 2.31-24.99]), as well as in individuals with Central/Northern European compared to Southern European ancestry (4.4% vs 1.8% [p = 1.1 × 10-2; OR 2.5; CI 1.17-5.99]). Pathogenic expansions and Central/Northern European ancestry independently and inversely correlated with AAO. Our prediction model (based on expansions status, genetic ancestry, and AAO) predicted a diagnosis of bvFTD with 64% accuracy.ConclusionsOur results indicate correlation between pathogenic C9orf72 expansions, AAO, PCA-based Central/Northern European ancestry, and a diagnosis of bvFTD, implying complex genetic risk architectures differently underpinning the behavioral and language variant syndromes.
- Published
- 2020