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Sexual minority adolescent girls are overrepresented in the justice system. This study used the minority stress model and psychological mediation framework to investigate a pathway for this disparity among court-involved girls ages 14-18 (N = 226; mean age: 15.58; 48% sexual minority). The hypotheses were that sexual minority status would be associated with delinquency, bullying exposure would be associated with delinquency indirectly via emotion regulation difficulties, and the relationship between bullying exposure and emotion regulation difficulties would be stronger for sexual minority girls. Bullying exposure and emotion regulation difficulties were not related. Sexual minority status was related to delinquency, and emotion regulation difficulties mediated this relationship. The findings suggest interventions to build emotion regulation skills may reduce delinquency for sexual minority girls.

Black women are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Strategies to increase Black women's use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are needed.Interviews were conducted in Mississippi (MS) with Black, cisgender women at risk for HIV, and community healthcare clinic (CHC) staff who work directly with this population. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify barriers and select appropriate implementation strategies to increase PrEP care.Twenty Black women and twelve CHC staff were interviewed. PrEP use barriers resulted from low HIV risk awareness, lack of PrEP knowledge, and structural and stigma-related barriers. Methods for PrEP education and motivation included normalizing PrEP in public communications, providing education at places where women congregate, and tailoring PrEP content with Black women as educators. The Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project provides a way for implementation scientists to select strategies that are consistent within research and practice across studies. Strategies from the ERIC project were selected to address implementation barriers.Tailoring PrEP implementation protocols to increase Black women's access, engagement, and adherence to PrEP is needed. This is one of the first implementation studies to incorporate these four implementation concepts into a single study: (1) implementation outcomes, (2) i-PARIHS, (3) ERIC's strategy list, and (4) operationalizing the strategies using the Proctor et al., guidelines. Results provide an in-depth comprehensive list of implementation strategies to increase PrEP uptake for Black women in MS.

Given their disproportionate HIV incidence, there is a critical need to identify factors related to HIV risk among Black young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the southeastern United States. This study investigated the association of family factors and HIV-related outcomes among Black YMSM in Mississippi ages 14-20 (n = 72). Multivariable regression models evaluated associations of family factors and outcomes. Greater parent/child communication about sex was associated with fewer lifetime male sex partners and lower odds of lifetime anal sex. Greater parental monitoring was associated with greater likelihood of future condom use. Sexual orientation disclosure was associated with more lifetime male sex partners. Parental monitoring and parent/child communication about sex were protective, suggesting that family-based interventions are promising for HIV prevention among Black YMSM in Mississippi. Results also indicated that YMSM who are "out" to family are important to reach, and families could be useful in encouraging healthy behaviors.

Colombia endured 70 years of internal conflict, but despite a peace agreement, violence continues to be significant in the post-conflict era. Violence degrades the health and well-being of affected populations and it engenders psychological distress. Little is known about the impact of violence on the mental health of sexual and gender minority populations in Colombia. This study aimed to examine the frequency and sources of violence among cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women and their association with depressive symptoms and substance use. We administered a survey to 942 MSM and 58 transgender women recruited using respondent-driven sampling. We estimated the relationship between mental health indicators and experiences of violence using stepwise logistic and linear regressions, controlling for income, education, age, race, and mistreatment for being effeminate when younger. Respondent-driven sampling adjusted prevalence of any type of violence was 60.9% for the total sample, 59.8% for MSM, and 75.1% for transgender women. Experiences of violence were significantly related to depressive symptoms, binge drinking and drug use for the MSM sample. Violence perpetrated by family members or acquaintances was associated with greater depressive symptoms, and violence perpetrated by partners and strangers was associated with increased binge drinking and drug use. These results provide significant evidence of the negative association of experiences of violence and the mental health of sexual and gender minority people, a vulnerable population in Colombia. This study addresses issues of diversity regarding sexual orientation and gender identity in a Latin American middle-income country.

We investigated whether strengths of the relationships between anti–lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) victimization, fear of violence at school, and suicide risk differ by sexual orientation among a predominantly ethnic minority sample of adolescents. Using the 2012 District of Columbia Youth Risk Behavior Survey high school data set, we performed a 4-stage, stepwise logistic regression for suicide attempts, suicidal ideation, and suicide planning. First, we tested the independent variables, sexual orientation and anti-LGBT victimization. Second, we added an anti-LGBT victimization by sexual orientation interaction term. Third, we tested the independent variable, fear of violence at school, in an additive model. Fourth, we added a fear of violence at school by sexual orientation interaction term. In Model 1, sexual orientation and anti-LGBT victimization were both significantly associated with each suicide risk behavior. In Model 2, the anti-LGBT victimization by sexual orientation interaction term was not significant for any of the dependent variables. In Model 3, fear of violence at school was significantly associated with each suicide risk behavior. In Model 4, the fear of violence at school by sexual orientation interaction term was not significant for suicide attempts or suicidal ideation but was significant for suicide planning in the direction opposite to our hypotheses. Anti-LGBT victimization, sexual orientation, and fear of violence at school were associated with suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts. The strength of the association between fear of violence at school and suicide planning was weaker for sexual minority adolescents than for heterosexual adolescents.

This article updates previous content analyses that identified a relative paucity of U.S.-based psychological research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people of color by extending the period covered to 2018. In addition to documenting how many such studies occurred and when, it considers the research questions asked, funding sources, impact, and journal outlets. This richer description of this research area allowed us to describe historically not only when LGBT people of color in the United States were studied but why they were studied, which journals published this work, and which published studies were most influential. We found that the literature starts in 1988 for LGB people of color and in 2009 for transgender people of color and that a significant shift occurred in 2009, with the majority of the articles being published in the last 10 years. Findings suggest that U.S. federal funding and support for LGBT research as well as divisions of the American Psychological Association focused on minoritized identities and their journals played a role in the recent increase. Half of the studies investigated psychological symptoms, and more than a third of studied experiences and psychological processes related to holding multiple minority statuses, many of which focused on potentially deleterious aspects of these identities. These findings indicate that this literature has a significant focus on pathology. Underrepresented groups included cisgender and transgender women; transgender men; older individuals; Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders; American Indians and Alaska Natives; and multiracial individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

We examined motivations for migration to the United States (US) among 482 Brazilian, Colombian, and Dominican men who have sex with men (MSM). Participants’ most common reason for migration was to improve their financial situation (49%), followed by sexual migration in order to affirm their sexual orientation (40%). Fewer endorsed sexual migration motivated by avoiding persecution due to being gay (13%). We conducted further analyses among 276 participants who migrated after age 15 and were HIV-negative at the time of migration. We hypothesized that sexual migration would be associated with greater likelihood of HIV acquisition post-migration. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis indicated that sexual migration motivated by avoiding persecution due to being gay was associated with increased odds of contracting HIV after arrival in the US whereas sexual migration to lead a gay life was not. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing the negative impact of anti-gay discrimination in countries of origin.

Whether widespread use of HAART changed patterns of HIV status disclosure among women living with HIV is largely unknown. In addition, the association between time to first HIV disclosure and depression has not been fully explored among women. A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted among HIV-infected women from the Washington, DC site of the Women's Interagency HIV Study to collect detailed information about their HIV status disclosure behavior. A sample of 202 HIV-positive women, 102 diagnosed prior to and 100 post-HAART era participated in this study. Relationships between treatment era when diagnosed (pre-HAART or HAART era) and patterns of HIV status disclosure, and associations between HIV status disclosure and depression level were examined using generalized linear regression models with generalized estimating equation to adjust for repeated measurements from the same individuals. Our analyses showed that treatment era was not associated with either comfort level of HIV status disclosure or time to first HIV disclosure to either family members or friends. However, women were less likely to disclose HIV status to their family members in the HAART era (P = 0.006) after adjusting for social network type, comfort level of disclosure, time to first disclosure and length of follow-up time. In addition, longer time to first HIV disclosure, but not comfort level or extent of HIV status disclosure, was independently associated with depression levels as measured by CES-D score at study enrollment ("a few months after" vs "within a few days": P = 0.008). More definitive studies utilizing longitudinal designs should be conducted to further examine impact of HAART era on HIV status disclosure and effect of HIV status disclosure on mental health.