171 results on '"Andrew J. Wood"'
Search Results
2. Editorial: Desiccation tolerance in land plants: from mechanisms to evolution
- Author
-
Xiaoshuang Li, Bei Gao, Andrew J. Wood, Julia Buitink, Daoyuan Zhang, and Melvin J. Oliver
- Subjects
desiccation tolerance ,editorial ,special topic ,resurrection plants ,evolution ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A commercial antibody to the human condensin II subunit NCAPH2 cross-reacts with a SWI/SNF complex component [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
- Author
-
Erin E. Cutts, Gillian C. Taylor, Mercedes Pardo, Lu Yu, Jimi C. Wills, Jyoti S. Choudhary, Alessandro Vannini, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Condensin complexes compact and disentangle chromosomes in preparation for cell division. Commercially available antibodies raised against condensin subunits have been widely used to characterise their cellular interactome. Here we have assessed the specificity of a polyclonal antibody (Bethyl A302-276A) that is commonly used as a probe for NCAPH2, the kleisin subunit of condensin II, in mammalian cells. We find that, in addition to its intended target, this antibody cross-reacts with one or more components of the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodelling complexes in an NCAPH2-independent manner. This cross-reactivity, with an abundant chromatin-associated factor, is likely to affect the interpretation of protein and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments that make use of this antibody probe.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Evolution by duplication: paleopolyploidy events in plants reconstructed by deciphering the evolutionary history of VOZ transcription factors
- Author
-
Bei Gao, Moxian Chen, Xiaoshuang Li, Yuqing Liang, Fuyuan Zhu, Tieyuan Liu, Daoyuan Zhang, Andrew J. Wood, Melvin J. Oliver, and Jianhua Zhang
- Subjects
Polyploidy ,Whole genome duplication ,Transcription ,Plant evolution ,Gamma ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Background Facilitated by the rapid progress of sequencing technology, comparative genomic studies in plants have unveiled recurrent whole genome duplication (i.e. polyploidization) events throughout plant evolution. The evolutionary past of plant genes should be analyzed in a background of recurrent polyploidy events in distinctive plant lineages. The Vascular Plant One Zinc-finger (VOZ) gene family encode transcription factors associated with a number of important traits including control of flowering time and photoperiodic pathways, but the evolutionary trajectory of this gene family remains uncharacterized. Results In this study, we deciphered the evolutionary history of the VOZ gene family by analyses of 107 VOZ genes in 46 plant genomes using integrated methods: phylogenic reconstruction, Ks-based age estimation and genomic synteny comparisons. By scrutinizing the VOZ gene family phylogeny the core eudicot γ event was well circumscribed, and relics of the precommelinid τ duplication event were detected by incorporating genes from oil palm and banana. The more recent T and ρ polyploidy events, closely coincident with the species diversification in Solanaceae and Poaceae, respectively, were also identified. Other important polyploidy events captured included the “salicoid” event in poplar and willow, the “early legume” and “soybean specific” events in soybean, as well as the recent polyploidy event in Physcomitrella patens. Although a small transcription factor gene family, the evolutionary history of VOZ genes provided an outstanding record of polyploidy events in plants. The evolutionary past of VOZ gene family demonstrated a close correlation with critical plant polyploidy events which generated species diversification and provided answer to Darwin’s “abominable mystery”. Conclusions We deciphered the evolutionary history of VOZ transcription factor family in plants and ancestral polyploidy events in plants were recapitulated simultaneously. This analysis allowed for the generation of an idealized plant gene tree demonstrating distinctive retention and fractionation patterns following polyploidy events.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Desiccation tolerance in bryophytes: The dehydration and rehydration transcriptomes in the desiccation-tolerant bryophyte Bryum argenteum
- Author
-
Bei Gao, Xiaoshuang Li, Daoyuan Zhang, Yuqing Liang, Honglan Yang, Moxian Chen, Yuanming Zhang, Jianhua Zhang, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The desiccation tolerant bryophyte Bryum argenteum is an important component of desert biological soil crusts (BSCs) and is emerging as a model system for studying vegetative desiccation tolerance. Here we present and analyze the hydration-dehydration-rehydration transcriptomes in B. argenteum to establish a desiccation-tolerance transcriptomic atlas. B. argenteum gametophores representing five different hydration stages (hydrated (H0), dehydrated for 2 h (D2), 24 h (D24), then rehydrated for 2 h (R2) and 48 h (R48)), were sampled for transcriptome analyses. Illumina high throughput RNA-Seq technology was employed and generated more than 488.46 million reads. An in-house de novo transcriptome assembly optimization pipeline based on Trinity assembler was developed to obtain a reference Hydration-Dehydration-Rehydration (H-D-R) transcriptome comprising of 76,206 transcripts, with an N50 of 2,016 bp and average length of 1,222 bp. Comprehensive transcription factor (TF) annotation discovered 978 TFs in 62 families, among which 404 TFs within 40 families were differentially expressed upon dehydration-rehydration. Pfam term enrichment analysis revealed 172 protein families/domains were significantly associated with the H-D-R cycle and confirmed early rehydration (i.e. the R2 stage) as exhibiting the maximum stress-induced changes in gene expression.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. ScDREB10, an A-5c type of DREB Gene of the Desert Moss Syntrichia caninervis, Confers Osmotic and Salt Tolerances to Arabidopsis
- Author
-
Xiaoshuang Li, Yuqing Liang, Bei Gao, Meiheriguli Mijiti, Tohir A. Bozorov, Honglan Yang, Daoyuan Zhang, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Syntrichia caninervis ,DREB transcription factor ,drought stress ,salt stress ,ROS-scavenging ability ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Drought and salinity are major factors limiting crop productivity worldwide. DREB (dehydration-responsive element-binding) transcription factors play important roles in plant stress response and have been identified in a wide variety of plants. Studies on DREB are focused on the A-1 (DREB1) and A-2 (DREB2) groups. Studies on A-5 group DREBs, which represent a large proportion of the DREB subfamily, is limited. In this study, we characterized and analyzed the stress tolerance function of ScDREB10, an A-5c type DREB gene from the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis. Transactivation assay in yeast showed that ScDREB10 had transactivation activity. Transient expression assay revealed that ScDREB10 was distributed both in the nucleus and cytosol of tobacco leaf epidermal cells. Overexpression of ScDREB10 significantly increased the germination percentage of Arabidopsis seeds under osmotic and salt stresses, and improved the osmotic and salt stress tolerances of Arabidopsis at the seedling stage and is associated with the expression of downstream stress-related genes and improved reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability. Our study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance of A-5 type DREB proteins, as well as providing a promising candidate gene for crop salt and drought stress breeding.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Identification, Classification, and Functional Analysis of AP2/ERF Family Genes in the Desert Moss Bryum argenteum
- Author
-
Xiaoshuang Li, Bei Gao, Daoyuan Zhang, Yuqing Liang, Xiaojie Liu, Jinyi Zhao, Jianhua Zhang, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
AP2/ERF genes ,Bryum argenteum ,transcriptome ,gene expression ,stress tolerance ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Bryum argenteum is a desert moss which shows tolerance to the desert environment and is emerging as a good plant material for identification of stress-related genes. AP2/ERF transcription factor family plays important roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. AP2/ERF genes have been identified and extensively studied in many plants, while they are rarely studied in moss. In the present study, we identified 83 AP2/ERF genes based on the comprehensive dehydrationrehydration transcriptomic atlas of B. argenteum. BaAP2/ERF genes can be classified into five families, including 11 AP2s, 43 DREBs, 26 ERFs, 1 RAV, and 2 Soloists. RNA-seq data showed that 83 BaAP2/ERFs exhibited elevated transcript abundances during dehydration⁻rehydration process. We used RT-qPCR to validate the expression profiles of 12 representative BaAP2/ERFs and confirmed the expression trends using RNA-seq data. Eight out of 12 BaAP2/ERFs demonstrated transactivation activities. Seven BaAP2/ERFs enhanced salt and osmotic stress tolerances of yeast. This is the first study to provide detailed information on the identification, classification, and functional analysis of the AP2/ERFs in B. argenteum. This study will lay the foundation for the further functional analysis of these genes in plants, as well as provide greater insights into the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance of B. argenteum.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Reference Gene Selection in the Desert Plant Eremosparton songoricum
- Author
-
Dao-Yuan Zhang, Yuan-Ming Zhang, Andrew J. Wood, Xiao-Shuang Li, and Hong-Lan Yang
- Subjects
Eremosparton songoricum ,quantitative real-time PCR ,reference genes ,geNorm ,validation ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Eremosparton songoricum (Litv.) Vass. (E. songoricum) is a rare and extremely drought-tolerant desert plant that holds promise as a model organism for the identification of genes associated with water deficit stress. Here, we cloned and evaluated the expression of eight candidate reference genes using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions. The expression of these candidate reference genes was analyzed in a diverse set of 20 samples including various E. songoricum plant tissues exposed to multiple environmental stresses. GeNorm analysis indicated that expression stability varied between the reference genes in the different experimental conditions, but the two most stable reference genes were sufficient for normalization in most conditions. EsEF and Esα-TUB were sufficient for various stress conditions, EsEF and EsACT were suitable for samples of differing germination stages, and EsGAPDHand EsUBQ were most stable across multiple adult tissue samples. The Es18S gene was unsuitable as a reference gene in our analysis. In addition, the expression level of the drought-stress related transcription factor EsDREB2 verified the utility of E. songoricum reference genes and indicated that no single gene was adequate for normalization on its own. This is the first systematic report on the selection of reference genes in E. songoricum, and these data will facilitate future work on gene expression in this species.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Plant Receptor-Like Serine Threonine Kinases: Roles in Signaling and Plant Defense
- Author
-
Ahmed J. Afzal, Andrew J. Wood, and David A. Lightfoot
- Subjects
Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Plants are hosts to a wide array of pathogens from all kingdoms of life. In the absence of an active immune system or combinatorial diversifications that lead to recombination-driven somatic gene flexibility, plants have evolved different strategies to combat both individual pathogen strains and changing pathogen populations. The receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene-family expansion in plants was hypothesized to have allowed accelerated evolution among domains implicated in signal reception, typically a leucine-rich repeat (LRR). Under that model, the gene-family expansion represents a plant-specific adaptation that leads to the production of numerous and variable cell surface and cytoplasmic receptors. More recently, it has emerged that the LRR domains of RLK interact with a diverse group of proteins leading to combinatorial variations in signal response specificity. Therefore, the RLK appear to play a central role in signaling during pathogen recognition, the subsequent activation of plant defense mechanisms, and developmental control. The future challenges will include determinations of RLK modes of action, the basis of recognition and specificity, which cellular responses each receptor mediates, and how both receptor and kinase domain interactions fit into the defense signaling cascades. These challenges will be complicated by the limited information that may be derived from the primary sequence of the LRR domain. The review focuses upon implications derived from recent studies of the secondary and tertiary structures of several plant RLK that change understanding of plant receptor function and signaling. In addition, the biological functions of plant and animal RLK-containing receptors were reviewed and commonalities among their signaling mechanisms identified. Further elucidated were the genomic and structural organizations of RLK gene families, with special emphasis on RLK implicated in resistance to disease and development.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Improving Agronomic Traits in Canola Through Foliar Applied Potassium Nitrate, Salicylic Acid and Methanol Under Water-Limiting Conditions
- Author
-
Abdur Rehman, Shad Khan Khalil, Ahmad Khan, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Soil Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2022
11. Rapid and specific degradation of endogenous proteins in mouse models using auxin-inducible degrons
- Author
-
Gillian C Taylor, Lewis Macdonald, Jennifer Margaret Brisbane, Ersi Christodoulou, Lucy Scott, Alex von Kriegsheim, Janet Rossant, Bin Gu, and Andrew J Wood
- Subjects
Mammals ,Indoleacetic Acids ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Mammals/metabolism ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ,General Neuroscience ,Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism ,General Medicine ,Ligands ,Chromosomes ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Chromosomes/metabolism ,Mice ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ,Proteolysis ,Animals - Abstract
Auxin-inducible degrons are a chemical genetic tool for targeted protein degradation and are widely used to study protein function in cultured mammalian cells. Here, we develop CRISPR-engineered mouse lines that enable rapid and highly specific degradation of tagged endogenous proteins in vivo. Most but not all cell types are competent for degradation. Using mouse genetics, we show that degradation kinetics depend upon the dose of the tagged protein, ligand, and the E3 ligase subunit Tir1. Rapid degradation of condensin I and condensin II – two essential regulators of mitotic chromosome structure - revealed that both complexes are individually required for cell division in precursor lymphocytes, but not in their differentiated peripheral lymphocyte derivatives. This generalisable approach provides unprecedented temporal control over the dose of endogenous proteins in mouse models, with implications for studying essential biological pathways and modelling drug activity in mammalian tissues.HighlightsAuxin-inducible degradation of endogenously tagged proteins in living mice and a range of primary cells.Most but not all cell types are competent for degradationDosage of the tagged protein, E3 ligase substrate receptor and ligand can all determine degradation kineticsRapid degradation of condensin subunits in lymphocytes reveals stage-specific requirements during cell division
- Published
- 2022
12. Author response: Rapid and specific degradation of endogenous proteins in mouse models using auxin-inducible degrons
- Author
-
Gillian C Taylor, Lewis Macdonald, Jennifer Margaret Brisbane, Ersi Christodoulou, Lucy Scott, Alex von Kriegsheim, Janet Rossant, Bin Gu, and Andrew J Wood
- Published
- 2022
13. Hospital EEG Capability and Associations With Interhospital Transfer in Status Epilepticus
- Author
-
Catherine G. Suen, Andrew J. Wood, James F. Burke, John P. Betjemann, and Elan L. Guterman
- Subjects
Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Background and ObjectivesEEG is widely recommended for status epilepticus (SE) management. However, EEG access and use across the United States is poorly characterized. We aimed to evaluate changes in inpatient EEG access over time and whether availability of EEG is associated with interhospital transfers for patients hospitalized with SE.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study using data available in the National Inpatient Sample data set from 2012 to 2018. We identified hospitals that used continuous or routine EEG during at least 1 seizure-related hospitalization in a given year using ICD-9 and ICD-10 procedure codes and defined these hospitals as EEG capable. We examined annual change in the proportion of hospitals that were EEG capable during the study period, compared characteristics of hospitals that were EEG capable with those that were not, and fit multivariable logistic regression models to determine whether hospital EEG capability was associated with likelihood of interhospital transfer.ResultsAmong 4,550 hospitals in 2018, 1,241 (27.3%) were EEG capable. Of these, 1,188 hospitals (95.7%) were in urban settings. From 2012 to 2018, the proportion of hospitals that were EEG capable increased in urban settings (30.5%–41.1%, Mann-Kendall [M-K] testp< 0.001) and decreased in rural settings (4.0%–3.2%, M-Kp= 0.026). Among 130,580 patients hospitalized with SE, 80,725 (61.8%) presented directly to an EEG-capable hospital. However, EEG use during hospitalization varied from 8% to 98%. Initial admission to a hospital without EEG capability was associated with 22% increased likelihood of interhospital transfer (adjusted RR 1.22, [95% CI, 1.09–1.37];p< 0.01). Among those hospitalized at an EEG-capable hospital, patients admitted to hospitals in the lowest quintile of EEG volume were more than 2 times more likely to undergo interhospital transfer (adjusted RR 2.22, [95% CI 1.65–2.93];p< 0.001).DiscussionA minority of hospitals are EEG capable yet care for most patients with SE. Inpatient EEG use, however, varies widely among EEG-capable hospitals, and lack of inpatient EEG access is associated with interhospital transfer. Given the high incidence and cost of SE, there is a need to better understand the importance and use of EEG in this patient population to further organize inpatient epilepsy systems of care to optimize outcomes.
- Published
- 2023
14. Genes for Plant Abiotic Stress
- Author
-
Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood, Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood and Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood, Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood
- Published
- 2009
15. Decision letter: STAG2 promotes the myelination transcriptional program in oligodendrocytes
- Author
-
Adèle L Marston, Andrew J Wood, and Simone Di Giovanni
- Published
- 2022
16. Plant Desiccation Tolerance
- Author
-
Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood, Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood and Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood, Matthew A. Jenks, Andrew J. Wood
- Published
- 2008
17. Ancestral gene duplications in mosses characterized by integrated phylogenomic analyses
- Author
-
Mo-Xian Chen, Bei Gao, Andrew J. Wood, Jianhua Zhang, Melvin J. Oliver, Yu Qing Liang, Dao Yuan Zhang, and Xiao Shuang Li
- Subjects
biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Physcomitrella ,Gene duplication ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Ancestral gene ,Moss ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2020
18. Decision letter: MCPH1 inhibits Condensin II during interphase by regulating its SMC2-Kleisin interface
- Author
-
Adèle L Marston and Andrew J Wood
- Published
- 2021
19. Overexpression of ALDH21 from Syntrichia caninervis Moss in Upland Cotton Enhances Fiber Quality, Boll Component Traits, and Physiological Parameters during Deficit Irrigation
- Author
-
Dawei Zhang, Jiancheng Wang, Jinyi Zhao, Xiaoshuang Li, Alisher A. Abdullaev, Tohir A. Bozorov, Andrew J. Wood, Daoyuan Zhang, and Honglan Yang
- Subjects
Syntrichia caninervis ,Agronomy ,Deficit irrigation ,Fiber ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Moss - Published
- 2019
20. Developmental Regulation of Mitotic Chromosome Formation Revealed by Condensin Reporter Mice
- Author
-
Ioannis Christodoulou, Gillian C.A. Taylor, Andrew J. Wood, Jimi Wills, Dimitrios K. Papadopoulos, Lewis A Macdonald, Matilda Bui, and Lucy Scott
- Subjects
Mitotic chromosome condensation ,Chromosome segregation ,Genetically modified mouse ,Germline mutation ,biology ,Condensin ,Chromosome instability ,biology.protein ,Phenotype ,Mitosis ,Cell biology - Abstract
Withdrawal Note:The authors have withdrawn their manuscript due to the discovery of artifacts that call into question key findings from the study. Both artifacts originate from cell-type differences that arose during sample processing, creating the impression that non-SMC subunits of condensin proteins were present at substantially higher levels in thymic T cells compared to bone marrow B cells or erythroblast cells. Based on data collected since the preprint was submitted, we no longer believe this to be true. The experimental artifacts do not affect the data contributed by the Papadopoulos laboratory (Figure 4).The authors wish to make it clear that all data and experimental protocols in the original manuscript were accurately reported, and that the experimental artifacts which affect data interpretation were discovered during internal review, independently of peer review, and are being reported at the authors’ own instigation. They do not, to our knowledge, affect the interpretation of data from any other published work.Due to the issues outlined above, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author.
- Published
- 2020
21. Arrested pneumatization of the skull base: an under‐recognized skull base anomaly
- Author
-
Maria Duignan and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Skull Base ,Skull ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,Humans ,Medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,Anomaly (physics) ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Base (exponentiation) ,business - Published
- 2020
22. Readability and reliability of Rhinology patient information on Google
- Author
-
Lyn Hunt, Andrew J. Wood, and Johnny Wu
- Subjects
Rhinology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Computer science ,Patient information ,medicine ,Medical physics ,Readability ,Reliability (statistics) - Published
- 2021
23. Can weeds enhance profitability? Integrating ecological concepts to address crop‐weed competition and yield quality
- Author
-
Bryan G. Young, David J. Gibson, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Ecology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Species diversity ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plant Science ,Interspecific competition ,respiratory system ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Competition (biology) ,Crop weed ,Plant ecology ,Agronomy ,parasitic diseases ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Grain quality ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Weed ,Cropping ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany ,media_common - Abstract
Summary Sustainable cropping systems are needed for future food security. One aspect of sustainable cropping is to manage for desirable grain quality of crops including seed size, protein, oil and metabolite composition. Plant ecology theory on niche relationships and interspecific competition predicts that subordinate species mixtures (i.e. weed species) will affect dominant (i.e. crop) species offspring quality. Beyond individual weed species effects on crop quality, we hypothesise that the integrated effect of weed mixtures will be influenced by taxonomic, functional trait and phylogenetic diversity. Reviewing Glycine max (soybean)–weed systems, we show a complex relationship between the weed community and G. max seed protein, oil, mean seed mass and physiological markers (relative water content, trigonelline leaf content, fluorescence, foliar Cu, Fe and Zn). Increased levels of weed competition led to increased seed protein, at the expense of seed oil. Synthesis. We propose that research on interspecific relationships between crops and weeds consider weed species diversity, weed functional traits associated with the Leaf-Height-Seed strategy and phylogenetic relationships to identify weed mixtures (either sown or manipulated through herbicide control) best suited to minimise their detrimental effects on yield while maximising crop quality as part of sustainable cropping systems.
- Published
- 2017
24. Effectiveness of extensive sinus surgery with post-operative medical management for chronic rhinosinusitis
- Author
-
Richard G. Douglas, Andrew J. Wood, Suzanne Wilkinson, and L Zhou
- Subjects
Male ,Reoperation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Referral ,Chronic rhinosinusitis ,Blood Loss, Surgical ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Refractory ,medicine ,Humans ,Nasal polyps ,Prospective Studies ,Sinusitis ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Prospective cohort study ,Rhinitis ,Postoperative Care ,business.industry ,Endoscopy ,General Medicine ,Functional endoscopic sinus surgery ,Middle Aged ,Rhinoplasty ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Otorhinolaryngology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Chronic Disease ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective:To prospectively assess treatment outcomes of chronic rhinosinusitis patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery and post-operative medical treatment over a prolonged follow-up period.Methods:Patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery in the tertiary referral practice of a single surgeon were studied prospectively. Symptoms were scored by patients pre-operatively and over a minimum follow-up period of 12 months.Results:The study comprised 200 non-consecutive patients. The median pre-operative symptom score was 16 (out of a maximum of 25) (95 per cent confidence interval = 15 to 17). Symptom scores reduced to a median of 7 (95 per cent confidence interval = 6 to 8) after 12 months of follow up (p< 0.0001). The median symptom score improved for all symptoms and across all patient subgroups.Conclusion:Extensive functional endoscopic sinus surgery offers significant and durable symptom improvement in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis refractory to medical treatment. This improvement extends to all patient subgroups. Prolonged medical therapy is recommended after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
- Published
- 2017
25. Review of 'The Composition of Movements to Come: Aesthetics and Cultural Labor After the Avant-Garde' by Stevphen Shukaitis (Rowman : Littlefield International)
- Author
-
Andrew J Wood
- Subjects
lcsh:Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art ,labor ,avant garde ,work refusal ,Politics ,lcsh:GN301-674 ,Plea ,Aesthetics ,aesthetics ,Avant garde ,Conversation ,fascism ,Composition (language) ,media_common - Abstract
Stevphen Shukaitis has produced an interesting text by situating a strategic conversation between artistic avant-gardes and autonomist political movements. He begins with a plea for rethinking strategy, and not just questions of tactics, in seeking radical aesthetic and socio-political change.
- Published
- 2019
26. Integrated phylogenomic analyses reveal recurrent ancestral large-scale duplication events in mosses
- Author
-
Jianhua Zhang, Min Chen, Li X, Melvin J. Oliver, Bei Gao, Yuqing Liang, D. Zhang, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Evolutionary biology ,Phylogenetics ,Lineage (evolution) ,Physcomitrella ,Gene duplication ,Embryophyte ,Physcomitrella patens ,biology.organism_classification ,Bryopsida - Abstract
SummaryMosses (Bryophyta) are a key group occupying important phylogenetic position for understanding land plant (embryophyte) evolution. The class Bryopsida represents the most diversified lineage and contains more than 95% of the modern mosses, whereas the other classes are by nature species-poor. The phylogeny of mosses remains elusive at present.Recurrent whole genome duplications have shaped the evolution trajectory of angiosperms, but little is known about the genome evolutionary history in mosses. It remains to be answered if there existed a historical genome duplication event associated with the species radiation of class Bryopsida.Here, the high-confidence moss phylogeny was generated covering major moss lineages. Two episodes of ancient genomic duplication events were elucidated by phylogenomic analyses, one in the ancestry of all mosses and another before the separation of the Bryopsida, Polytrichopsida and Tetraphidopsida, with estimated ages of the gene duplications clustered around 329 and 182 million year ago, respectively.The third episode of polyploidy event (termed ψ) was tightly associated with the early diversification of Bryopsida with an estimated age of ~87 million years. By scrutinizing the phylogenetic timing of duplicated syntelogs in Physcomitrella patens, the WGD1 and WGD2 events were confidently re-recognized as the ψ event and the Funarioideae duplication event (~65 mya), respectively. Together, our findings unveiled four episodes of polyploidy events in the evolutionary past of Physcomitrella patens.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. The utility of virtual reality surgical simulation in the undergraduate otorhinolaryngology curriculum
- Author
-
Andrew J. Wood and Tim Hardcastle
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Mastoidectomy ,Career path ,Career planning ,Virtual reality ,03 medical and health sciences ,Otolaryngology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Surgical simulator ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Curriculum ,Simulation Training ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Virtual Reality ,Temporal Bone ,General Medicine ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Clinical Competence ,Surgical simulation ,business ,Education, Medical, Undergraduate ,New Zealand - Abstract
ObjectiveTo examine the impact of temporal bone virtual reality surgical simulator use in the undergraduate otorhinolaryngology curriculum.MethodsMedical students attended a workshop involving the use of a temporal bone virtual reality surgical simulator. Students completed a pre-workshop questionnaire on career interests. A post-workshop questionnaire evaluated the perceived usefulness and enjoyment of the virtual reality surgical simulator experience, and assessed changes in their interest in ENT.ResultsThirty-two fifth-year University of Auckland medical students were recruited. The majority of students (53.1 per cent) had already chosen their career path. The simulator experience was useful for: stimulating thoughts around career plans (71.9 per cent), providing hands-on experience (93.8 per cent) and teaching disease processes (93.8 per cent). After the workshop, 53.1 per cent of students were more interested in a career in ENT.ConclusionVirtual reality may be a fun and engaging way of teaching ENT. Furthermore, it could help guide student career planning.
- Published
- 2018
28. Identification, Classification, and Functional Analysis of AP2/ERF Family Genes in the Desert Moss Bryum argenteum
- Author
-
Bei Gao, Daoyuan Zhang, Andrew J. Wood, Yuqing Liang, Xiaoshuang Li, Jianhua Zhang, Jinyi Zhao, and Xiaojie Liu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Bryum argenteum ,Amino Acid Motifs ,Transcriptome ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Conserved Sequence ,Phylogeny ,Spectroscopy ,Plant Proteins ,Abiotic component ,Genetics ,Dehydration ,biology ,AP2/ERF genes ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,Computer Science Applications ,Multigene Family ,Desert Climate ,Transcriptional Activation ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Genes, Plant ,Article ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Transformation, Genetic ,Protein Domains ,Stress, Physiological ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,stress tolerance ,Abiotic stress ,Organic Chemistry ,fungi ,Reproducibility of Results ,biology.organism_classification ,Moss ,Bryopsida ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Desert environment ,gene expression ,transcriptome - Abstract
Bryum argenteum is a desert moss which shows tolerance to the desert environment and is emerging as a good plant material for identification of stress-related genes. AP2/ERF transcription factor family plays important roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. AP2/ERF genes have been identified and extensively studied in many plants, while they are rarely studied in moss. In the present study, we identified 83 AP2/ERF genes based on the comprehensive dehydrationrehydration transcriptomic atlas of B. argenteum. BaAP2/ERF genes can be classified into five families, including 11 AP2s, 43 DREBs, 26 ERFs, 1 RAV, and 2 Soloists. RNA-seq data showed that 83 BaAP2/ERFs exhibited elevated transcript abundances during dehydration&ndash, rehydration process. We used RT-qPCR to validate the expression profiles of 12 representative BaAP2/ERFs and confirmed the expression trends using RNA-seq data. Eight out of 12 BaAP2/ERFs demonstrated transactivation activities. Seven BaAP2/ERFs enhanced salt and osmotic stress tolerances of yeast. This is the first study to provide detailed information on the identification, classification, and functional analysis of the AP2/ERFs in B. argenteum. This study will lay the foundation for the further functional analysis of these genes in plants, as well as provide greater insights into the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance of B. argenteum.
- Published
- 2018
29. A commercial antibody to the human condensin II subunit NCAPH2 cross-reacts with a SWI/SNF complex component
- Author
-
Andrew J. Wood, Gillian C.A. Taylor, Erin E. Cutts, Jimi Wills, Alessandro Vannini, Jyoti S. Choudhary, Lu Yu, and Mercedes Pardo
- Subjects
Cell division ,Condensin ,Protein subunit ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,macromolecular substances ,Interactome ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Condensin complex ,0302 clinical medicine ,antibody ,PBAF ,BAF ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,SWI/SNF complex ,Chemistry ,condensin ,Articles ,SWI/SNF ,Cell biology ,Polyclonal antibodies ,biology.protein ,SMC complex ,specificity ,Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
SummaryCondensin complexes compact and disentangle chromosomes in preparation for cell division. Commercially available antibodies raised against condensin subunits have been widely used to characterise their cellular interactome. Here we have assessed the specificity of a polyclonal antibody (Bethyl A302-276A) that is commonly used as a probe for NCAPH2, the kleisin subunit of condensin II, in mammalian cells. We find that, in addition to its intended target, this antibody cross-reacts with one or more components of the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodelling complexes in an NCAPH2-independent manner. This cross-reactivity with an abundant chromatin-associated factor is likely to affect the interpretation of protein and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments that make use of this antibody probe.
- Published
- 2021
30. Condensin II mutation causes T-cell lymphoma through tissue-specific genome instability
- Author
-
Karen Blyth, Shelagh Boyle, Milica Vukovic, Juan Carlos Acosta, Mark J. Arends, Kirsteen J. Campbell, Andrew J. Wood, Dinesh C. Soares, Bauke Ylstra, Gillian C.A. Taylor, Keerthi T. Chathoth, Wendy A. Bickmore, Núria Tarrats, David Read, Andrew P. Jackson, Jessica Woodward, David Jamieson, Daoud Sie, Kamil R. Kranc, Pathology, and CCA - Cancer biology
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Genome instability ,Condensin ,Mutation, Missense ,lymphoma ,macromolecular substances ,Lymphoma, T-Cell ,medicine.disease_cause ,Genomic Instability ,Chromosome segregation ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Condensin complex ,Chromosome instability ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Mitosis ,Cells, Cultured ,Metaphase ,Adenosine Triphosphatases ,mitosis ,Mutation ,Thymocytes ,biology ,condensin ,Thymus Neoplasms ,genome instability ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,030104 developmental biology ,Chromosome Structures ,chromosome structure ,Multiprotein Complexes ,biology.protein ,Female ,Anaphase ,Carcinogenesis ,Research Paper ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of cancer, but mitotic regulators are rarely mutated in tumors. Mutations in the condensin complexes, which restructure chromosomes to facilitate segregation during mitosis, are significantly enriched in cancer genomes, but experimental evidence implicating condensin dysfunction in tumorigenesis is lacking. We report that mice inheriting missense mutations in a condensin II subunit (Caph2nes) develop T-cell lymphoma. Before tumors develop, we found that the same Caph2 mutation impairs ploidy maintenance to a different extent in different hematopoietic cell types, with ploidy most severely perturbed at the CD4+CD8+ T-cell stage from which tumors initiate. Premalignant CD4+CD8+ T cells show persistent catenations during chromosome segregation, triggering DNA damage in diploid daughter cells and elevated ploidy. Genome sequencing revealed that Caph2 single-mutant tumors are near diploid but carry deletions spanning tumor suppressor genes, whereas P53 inactivation allowed Caph2 mutant cells with whole-chromosome gains and structural rearrangements to form highly aggressive disease. Together, our data challenge the view that mitotic chromosome formation is an invariant process during development and provide evidence that defective mitotic chromosome structure can promote tumorigenesis.
- Published
- 2016
31. Priming HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in human Ig loci transgenic mice
- Author
-
Matthias Pauthner, Glenn Friedrich, Oleksandr Kalyuzhniy, Devin Sok, Khoa Le, E-Chiang Lee, Skye MacPherson, Dennis R. Burton, Sergey Menis, Meaghan Jones, William R. Schief, Bryan Briney, Andrew J. Wood, Allan Bradley, Alejandra Ramos, Joseph G. Jardine, Yumiko Adachi, Daniel W. Kulp, and Michael Kubitz
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Genetically modified mouse ,Immunogen ,Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ,Broadly neutralizing antibody ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Priming (immunology) ,Mice, Transgenic ,HIV Antibodies ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,Germline ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Protein Domains ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,HIV vaccine ,Antibodies, Blocking ,B cell ,AIDS Vaccines ,Multidisciplinary ,Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Virology ,Germ Cells ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Genetic Loci ,Immunology ,HIV-1 ,Nanoparticles ,Immunization ,Immunologic Memory ,Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies - Abstract
A major obstacle to a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb)–based HIV vaccine is the activation of appropriate B cell precursors. Germline-targeting immunogens must be capable of priming rare bnAb precursors in the physiological setting. We tested the ability of the VRC01-class bnAb germline-targeting immunogen eOD-GT8 60mer (60-subunit self-assembling nanoparticle) to activate appropriate precursors in mice transgenic for human immunoglobulin (Ig) loci. Despite an average frequency of, at most, about one VRC01-class precursor per mouse, we found that at least 29% of singly immunized mice produced a VRC01-class memory response, suggesting that priming generally succeeded when at least one precursor was present. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using germline targeting to prime specific and exceedingly rare bnAb-precursor B cells within a humanlike repertoire.
- Published
- 2016
32. Analysis and characterization of the Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily in the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis in response to abiotic stress
- Author
-
Jiancheng Wang, Andrew J. Wood, Tohir A. Bozorov, Xiaoshuang Li, Honglan Yang, Daoyuan Zhang, and Bei Gao
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Abiotic stress ,Aldehyde dehydrogenase ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Aldehyde ,Moss ,Desiccation tolerance ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,biology.protein ,NAD+ kinase ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Gene ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Syntrichia caninervis is desiccation-tolerant moss and a dominant species in biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut desert of Northwestern China. S. caninervis is being developed as a model moss for studying the molecular mechanisms of desiccation tolerance (DT) and as a source for stress-related genes germplasm. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a set of NAD (P)+ dependent enzymes that oxidize a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes into their corresponding non-toxic carboxylic acids. In the current study, we identified 15 ALDH genes from the moss S.caninervis, grouped them into eleven families based upon clearly established criteria. As determined by RT-qPCR, transcript abundance of ScALDH genes respond to drought, salinity, cold, and/or ABA treatment. ScALDH5F, ScALDH6B1, ScALDH7B1, ScALDH11A1 and ScALDH21A1 exhibited consistent up-regulation as compared to other transcripts. We selected four genes (ScALDH2B2, ScALDH10A1, ScALDH11A1 and ScALDH21A1) based upon sequence characteristics and qRT-PCR profiles, and subsequently cloned and transformed to E. coli strain where the transgenes conferred varying degree of drought and salt tolerance. The four purified ScALDH proteins indicated enzyme activities with aldehyde of C6-C9 carbon chain as substrates were more suitable than that of C1-C2 carbon chain, especially unsaturated aldehyde, all have their own special substrates.
- Published
- 2020
33. Recruitment to otorhinolaryngology: opportunities abound
- Author
-
Tim Hardcastle, Andrew J. Wood, and Brian William Yeom
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Medical education ,Otorhinolaryngology ,medicine ,Psychology - Published
- 2020
34. Heterochromatin delays CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis but does not influence repair outcome
- Author
-
Alison M. Meynert, Andrew J. Wood, Martijn J. E. Kelder, Robert Feil, Tracy Ballinger, Keerthi T. Chathoth, Ildem Sanli, Eirini M. Kallimasioti-Pazi, Sébastien Lalevée, and Gillian C.A. Taylor
- Subjects
Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Heterochromatin ,DNA repair ,Cas9 ,Biology ,Genome ,Chromatin ,Homology directed repair ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genome editing ,Epigenetics ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing occurs in the context of chromatin, which is heterogeneous in structure and function across the genome. Chromatin heterogeneity is thought to affect genome editing efficiency, but this has been challenging to quantify due to the presence of confounding variables. Here, we develop a method that exploits the allele-specific chromatin status of imprinted genes in order to address this problem. Because maternal and paternal alleles of imprinted genes have identical DNA sequence and are situated in the same nucleus, allele-specific differences in the frequency and spectrum of Cas9-induced mutations can be attributed unequivocally to epigenetic mechanisms. We found that heterochromatin can impede mutagenesis, but to a degree that depends on other key experimental parameters. Mutagenesis was impeded by up to 7-fold when Cas9 exposure was brief and when intracellular Cas9 expression was low. Surprisingly, the outcome of mutagenic DNA repair was independent of chromatin state, with similar efficiencies of homology directed repair and deletion spectra on maternal and paternal chromosomes. Combined, our data show that heterochromatin imposes a permeable barrier that influences the kinetics, but not the endpoint of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, and suggest that therapeutic applications involving low-level Cas9 exposure will be particularly affected by chromatin status.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. PF338 DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMISATION OF A FULLY HUMAN FVIII MIMETIC BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY FOR PATIENTS WITH HAEMOPHILIA A
- Author
-
Andrew J. Wood, Allan Bradley, A. Fane-Dremucheva, Nicholas England, B. Grimshaw, H. Craig, W. Wang, P. Thomas, L. Gamand, M. Billaud, E-Chiang Lee, John Kenneth Blackwood, J. Galson, L. Badiali, Volker Germaschewski, V. Wong, A. Camacho, B. Jenkins, Leonardo A. Moraes, H. Liu, and Roberto Magliozzi
- Subjects
Bispecific antibody ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Haemophilia A ,Medicine ,Hematology ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2019
36. Evolution by duplication: paleopolyploidy events in plants reconstructed by deciphering the evolutionary history of VOZ transcription factors
- Author
-
Xiaoshuang Li, Tie Yuan Liu, Fu-Yuan Zhu, Moxian Chen, Jianhua Zhang, Daoyuan Zhang, Bei Gao, Yuqing Liang, Melvin J. Oliver, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Whole genome duplication ,Evolution, Molecular ,Polyploidy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Plant evolution ,Species Specificity ,Phylogenetics ,lcsh:Botany ,Gene Duplication ,Gene duplication ,Gene family ,Gamma ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,Solanaceae ,Synteny ,Plant Proteins ,fungi ,food and beverages ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,030104 developmental biology ,Paleopolyploidy ,Evolutionary biology ,Transcription Factor Gene ,Transcription ,Genome, Plant ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Transcription Factors ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Facilitated by the rapid progress of sequencing technology, comparative genomic studies in plants have unveiled recurrent whole genome duplication (i.e. polyploidization) events throughout plant evolution. The evolutionary past of plant genes should be analyzed in a background of recurrent polyploidy events in distinctive plant lineages. The Vascular Plant One Zinc-finger (VOZ) gene family encode transcription factors associated with a number of important traits including control of flowering time and photoperiodic pathways, but the evolutionary trajectory of this gene family remains uncharacterized. Results In this study, we deciphered the evolutionary history of the VOZ gene family by analyses of 107 VOZ genes in 46 plant genomes using integrated methods: phylogenic reconstruction, Ks-based age estimation and genomic synteny comparisons. By scrutinizing the VOZ gene family phylogeny the core eudicot γ event was well circumscribed, and relics of the precommelinid τ duplication event were detected by incorporating genes from oil palm and banana. The more recent T and ρ polyploidy events, closely coincident with the species diversification in Solanaceae and Poaceae, respectively, were also identified. Other important polyploidy events captured included the “salicoid” event in poplar and willow, the “early legume” and “soybean specific” events in soybean, as well as the recent polyploidy event in Physcomitrella patens. Although a small transcription factor gene family, the evolutionary history of VOZ genes provided an outstanding record of polyploidy events in plants. The evolutionary past of VOZ gene family demonstrated a close correlation with critical plant polyploidy events which generated species diversification and provided answer to Darwin’s “abominable mystery”. Conclusions We deciphered the evolutionary history of VOZ transcription factor family in plants and ancestral polyploidy events in plants were recapitulated simultaneously. This analysis allowed for the generation of an idealized plant gene tree demonstrating distinctive retention and fractionation patterns following polyploidy events. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1437-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2017
37. Ubiquitous spin freezing in the superconducting state of UTe2
- Author
-
Shyam Sundar, Nasrin Azari, Mariah R. Goeks, Shayan Gheidi, Mae Abedi, Michael Yakovlev, Sarah R. Dunsiger, John M. Wilkinson, Stephen J. Blundell, Tristin E. Metz, Ian M. Hayes, Shanta R. Saha, Sangyun Lee, Andrew J. Woods, Roman Movshovich, Sean M. Thomas, Nicholas P. Butch, Priscila F. S. Rosa, Johnpierre Paglione, and Jeff E. Sonier
- Subjects
Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
UTe2 receives significant attention as it may be an example of a spin-triplet superconductor but many features of this material are still to be fully understood. Here, the authors use muon spin rotation to investigate the existence of low-temperature magnetic clusters in single crystals of UTe2 and discuss the potential relationship with the temperature dependent behaviour of the specific heat.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Chronic rhinosinusitis and cystic fibrosis: the interaction between sinus bacteria and mucosal immunity
- Author
-
Richard G. Douglas, Tary Yin, Ravi Jain, Raymond Kim, Lydia Park, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,business.industry ,Mucous membrane of nose ,Functional endoscopic sinus surgery ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Mucus ,Cystic fibrosis ,Paranasal sinuses ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Mucosal immunology ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Sinusitis ,Respiratory tract - Abstract
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is highly prevalent in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, in whom a close correlation exists between the microbiology of the upper and lower respiratory tracts. We have reported intramucosal bacterial microcolonies in the sinus mucosa from idiopathic CRS patients and have made observations suggesting that these may result from mucosal immunotolerance secondary to altered macrophage function. In this study,wesoughttodeterminewhetherintramucosalmicrocoloniesexistinthemucosaofCFpatientswithCRS,andto investigate the associated mucosal immunology. Methods: Mucus swabs and tissue biopsies were taken from 9 patients with CF undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for CRS, 11 with idiopathic CRS undergoing FESS, and 9 with normal sinuses having transnasal pituitary surgery. Microbiology samples were taken for culture and intramucosal microcolonies were sought using Gram staining. Mucosal immune cells were identified using fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Results: Positive culture rates were similar between CRS patients and controls, but there were significantly more intramucosal microcolonies in the CRS groups (8/9 CFCRS, 7/11 CRS), compared to controls (1/9). Furthermore, the biodensity of intramucosal microcolonies was significantly higher in CF-CRS than idiopathic CRS. Mirroring the microbiological observations, the number of CD163+ macrophages was significantly increased in CF-CRS compared to idiopathic CRS (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Intramucosal bacteria exist within the sinus mucosa of patients with CF, and in significantly greater numbers than in idiopathic CRS patients. We speculate that intramucosal microcolonies may also exist in the lower respiratory tract mucosa in CF and play a role in disease recalcitrance. C � 2015 ARS-AAOA, LLC.
- Published
- 2015
39. Book Review: Communal Luxury: The Political Imaginary of the Paris Commune
- Author
-
Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Politics ,Sociology and Political Science ,Art history ,Sociology ,The Imaginary - Published
- 2016
40. The interaction between bacteria and mucosal immunity in chronic rhinosinusitis: A prospective cross-sectional analysis
- Author
-
Claudia Mansell, Richard G. Douglas, Raymond Kim, Tary Yin, P. Rod Dunbar, Andrew J. Wood, and Chun-Jen J. Chen
- Subjects
Chronic rhinosinusitis ,Cross-sectional study ,Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ,Receptors, Cell Surface ,Antigens, CD ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Sinusitis ,Immunity, Mucosal ,Mucosal immunity ,Sinus (anatomy) ,Rhinitis ,Bacteria ,biology ,business.industry ,Macrophages ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Nasal Mucosa ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Chronic Disease ,Immunology ,business - Abstract
Background We have detected intramucosal bacteria within the sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but our attempts at characterizing these did not yield any discernible genotypic or phenotypic differences from surface bacteria. We hypothesized that the presence of intramucosal microcolonies reflected host mucosal immune dysfunction. This study characterizes the activation status of T cells, B cells, and macrophages in the sinus mucosa of patients with CRS and controls and determines the impact of bacteria on mucosal immunology. Methods Swabs and mucosal biopsy specimens were taken from 27 patients with CRS undergoing sinus surgery and 9 patients with normal sinuses having transnasal pituitary surgery. Microcolonies were detected using Gram staining, and the immune cells were characterized by immunohistochemical techniques. Results Swab culture rates for Staphylococcus aureus were similar between CRS and controls. However, there were significantly more intramucosal microcolonies in CRS (59% versus 11%) than in controls (p = 0.02). There were significantly more immune cells in CRS. Percentage of activated T and B cells were similar between CRS and controls, but there were significantly more CD163+ M2 macrophages in patients with CRS (p = 0.0004). Furthermore, percentage of CD163+ macrophages showed a positive correlation with disease severity. The presence of bacteria had no impact on immunology or disease severity. Conclusion Tolerance of intramucosal microcolonies in CRS may reflect altered macrophage function in the host mucosa. The clinical severity of CRS is also dependent on the host mucosa immune dysfunction, rather than the presence of intramucosal microcolonies.
- Published
- 2017
41. Desiccation tolerance in bryophytes: The dehydration and rehydration transcriptomes in the desiccation-tolerant bryophyte Bryum argenteum
- Author
-
Yuqing Liang, Daoyuan Zhang, Xiaoshuang Li, Jianhua Zhang, Moxian Chen, Bei Gao, Andrew J. Wood, Honglan Yang, and Yuanming Zhang
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Sequence analysis ,Science ,De novo transcriptome assembly ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Desiccation tolerance ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Botany ,medicine ,Dehydration ,Plant Proteins ,Multidisciplinary ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Computational Biology ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,medicine.disease ,Bryopsida ,Gene expression profiling ,030104 developmental biology ,Medicine ,Fluid Therapy ,Bryophyte ,Desiccation ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The desiccation tolerant bryophyte Bryum argenteum is an important component of desert biological soil crusts (BSCs) and is emerging as a model system for studying vegetative desiccation tolerance. Here we present and analyze the hydration-dehydration-rehydration transcriptomes in B. argenteum to establish a desiccation-tolerance transcriptomic atlas. B. argenteum gametophores representing five different hydration stages (hydrated (H0), dehydrated for 2 h (D2), 24 h (D24), then rehydrated for 2 h (R2) and 48 h (R48)), were sampled for transcriptome analyses. Illumina high throughput RNA-Seq technology was employed and generated more than 488.46 million reads. An in-house de novo transcriptome assembly optimization pipeline based on Trinity assembler was developed to obtain a reference Hydration-Dehydration-Rehydration (H-D-R) transcriptome comprising of 76,206 transcripts, with an N50 of 2,016 bp and average length of 1,222 bp. Comprehensive transcription factor (TF) annotation discovered 978 TFs in 62 families, among which 404 TFs within 40 families were differentially expressed upon dehydration-rehydration. Pfam term enrichment analysis revealed 172 protein families/domains were significantly associated with the H-D-R cycle and confirmed early rehydration (i.e. the R2 stage) as exhibiting the maximum stress-induced changes in gene expression.
- Published
- 2017
42. ScDREB8, a novel A-5 type of DREB gene in the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis, confers salt tolerance to Arabidopsis
- Author
-
Xiaoshuang Li, Bei Gao, Yuqing Liang, Kaiyun Guan, Daoyuan Zhang, Honglan Yang, Andrew J. Wood, and Yucheng Wang
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Candidate gene ,Salinity ,Physiology ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,Bryophyta ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Desiccation tolerance ,03 medical and health sciences ,Transactivation ,Botany ,Genetics ,Transcription factor ,Gene ,Salt Tolerance ,biology.organism_classification ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,030104 developmental biology ,Seedling ,Seedlings ,Desiccation ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Salinity is a major limitation factor for crop productivity worldwide. DREB transcription factors broadly participate in plant stress response and have been extensively identified in a wide variety of plants. In this study, we characterized and analyzed the function of a novel A-5 type DREB gene ScDREB8 from the desiccation tolerant moss Syntrichia caninervis. Yeast one-hybrid experiment showed that ScDREB8 had no transactivation activity. Transient expression assay in onion epidermal cells revealed that ScDREB8 is distributed throughout the cell with no apparent specificity. Overexpression of ScDREB8 significantly increased the germination rate of Arabidopsis under salt stress and improved the salt tolerance of Arabidopsis at the seedling stage by up-regulating the expression of downstream stress-related genes and improving ROS scavenging ability. ScDREB8 is a promising candidate gene for improving crop salt stress and will provide greater insight to the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance of A-5 type DREB proteins.
- Published
- 2017
43. Review of Hegemony, Mass Media, and Cultural Studies: Properties of Meaning, Power, and Value in Cultural Production by Sean Johnson Andrews (Rowman & Littlefield)
- Author
-
Andrew J Wood
- Subjects
lcsh:Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ,Value (ethics) ,Hegemony ,business.industry ,cultural studies ,Media studies ,mass media ,Power (social and political) ,lcsh:GN301-674 ,Critical theory ,Cultural studies ,Realm ,hegemony ,Sociology ,business ,Mass media ,Meaning (linguistics) - Abstract
Sean Johnson Andrews has produced an engaging text of multifaceted value. His work, particularly the opening chapters, provides a concise history of the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS), the (early) Frankfurt School Critical Theory, and the Political Economy of Communication (PEC). Although the histories and notable figureheads of these schools will be broadly familiar to most scholars working in the realm of cultural studies, these opening chapters would be an excellent introduction to the field for either a general readership or students. Indeed, this would make a good textbook in many contexts.
- Published
- 2017
44. Transcriptome-Wide Identification, Classification, and Characterization of AP2/ERF Family Genes in the Desert Moss Syntrichia caninervis
- Author
-
Xiaoshuang Li, Honglan Yang, Yucheng Wang, Yuqing Liang, Andrew J. Wood, Bei Gao, and Daoyuan Zhang
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Subfamily ,desiccation tolerance ,Plant Science ,Physcomitrella patens ,01 natural sciences ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Arabidopsis ,Gene expression ,Gene family ,Gene ,Original Research ,Genetics ,Multiple sequence alignment ,biology ,fungi ,AP2/ERF genes ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Syntrichia caninervis ,030104 developmental biology ,classification ,transcriptome ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) is a large family of plant transcription factors which play important roles in the control of plant metabolism and development as well as responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The desert moss Syntrichia caninervis, due to its robust and comprehensive stress tolerance, is a promising organism for the identification of stress-related genes. Using S. caninervis transcriptome data, 80 AP2/ERF unigenes were identified by HMM modeling and BLASTP searching. Based on the number of AP2 domains, multiple sequence alignment, motif analysis, and gene tree construction, ScAP2/ERF genes were classified into three main subfamilies (including 5 AP2 gene members, 72 ERF gene members, and 1 RAV member) and two Soloist members. We found that the ratio for each subfamily was constant between S. caninervis and the model moss Physcomitrella patens, however, as compared to the angiosperm Arabidopsis, the percentage of ERF subfamily members in both moss species were greatly expanded, while the members of the AP2 and RAV subfamilies were reduced accordingly. The amino acid composition of the AP2 domain of ScAP2/ERFs was conserved as compared with Arabidopsis. Interestingly, most of the identified DREB genes in S. caninervis belonged to the A-5 group which play important roles in stress responses and are rarely reported in the literature. Expression profile analysis of ScDREB genes showed different gene expression patterns under dehydration and rehydration; the majority of ScDREB genes demonstrated a stronger response to dehydration relative to rehydration indicating that ScDREB may play an important role in dehydrated moss tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detail the identification and characterization of the AP2/ERF gene family in a desert moss. Further, this study will lay the foundation for further functional analysis of these genes, provide greater insight to the stress tolerance mechanisms in S. caninervis and provide a reference for AP2/ERF gene family classification in other moss species.
- Published
- 2017
45. Correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children attending before and after school care: a systematic review
- Author
-
Andrew J. Woods, Yasmine C. Probst, Jennifer Norman, Karen Wardle, Sarah T. Ryan, Linda Patel, Ruth K. Crowe, and Anthony D. Okely
- Subjects
Out of school hours care ,After school program ,Before school care ,Physical activity ,Sedentary behaviour ,Review ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Out of School Hours Care (OSHC) offers structured care to elementary/primary-aged children before and after school, and during school holidays. The promotion of physical activity in OSHC is important for childhood obesity prevention. The aim of this systematic review was to identify correlates of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in before and after school care. Methods A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, ERIC, MEDLINE (EBSCO), PsycINFO and Web of Science databases up to December 2021. Study inclusion criteria were: written in English; from a peer-reviewed journal; data from a centre-based before and/or after school care service; children with a mean age
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. ScDREB10, an A-5c type of DREB Gene of the Desert Moss Syntrichia caninervis, Confers Osmotic and Salt Tolerances to Arabidopsis
- Author
-
Tohir A. Bozorov, Andrew J. Wood, Honglan Yang, Xiaoshuang Li, Yuqing Liang, Meiheriguli Mijiti, Daoyuan Zhang, and Bei Gao
- Subjects
Syntrichia caninervis ,0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Candidate gene ,lcsh:QH426-470 ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Transactivation ,Arabidopsis ,Botany ,Genetics ,Gene ,Transcription factor ,Genetics (clinical) ,salt stress ,DREB transcription factor ,biology ,drought stress ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Salinity ,lcsh:Genetics ,030104 developmental biology ,Germination ,Seedling ,ROS-scavenging ability ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Drought and salinity are major factors limiting crop productivity worldwide. DREB (dehydration-responsive element-binding) transcription factors play important roles in plant stress response and have been identified in a wide variety of plants. Studies on DREB are focused on the A-1 (DREB1) and A-2 (DREB2) groups. Studies on A-5 group DREBs, which represent a large proportion of the DREB subfamily, is limited. In this study, we characterized and analyzed the stress tolerance function of ScDREB10, an A-5c type DREB gene from the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis. Transactivation assay in yeast showed that ScDREB10 had transactivation activity. Transient expression assay revealed that ScDREB10 was distributed both in the nucleus and cytosol of tobacco leaf epidermal cells. Overexpression of ScDREB10 significantly increased the germination percentage of Arabidopsis seeds under osmotic and salt stresses, and improved the osmotic and salt stress tolerances of Arabidopsis at the seedling stage and is associated with the expression of downstream stress-related genes and improved reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability. Our study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance of A-5 type DREB proteins, as well as providing a promising candidate gene for crop salt and drought stress breeding.
- Published
- 2019
47. The 2013 Customer Intimacy Index
- Author
-
Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
Marketing ,Customer retention ,business.industry ,Public relations ,Loyalty marketing ,Customer insight ,Loyalty business model ,Customer advocacy ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Database marketing ,Business ,Business and International Management ,Customer to customer ,Customer intelligence - Abstract
In the difficult economic climate currently facing businesses of all sizes, focusing on marketing efforts that retain customers and build strong, profitable relationships has become more important than ever. This research, commissioned by database marketing and customer insight company GI insight, surveyed a cross-section of 1,000 UK customers on how well they felt the organisations they regularly deal with know them. The results, used to compile the 2013 Customer Intimacy Index, reveal which sectors are succeeding in winning over consumers and which are failing to do so. The findings highlight that while some sectors are effectively building strong relationships with customers by utilising their data to create personalised content and offers that earn customer loyalty, others are not doing a good enough job of building meaningful relationships with customers.
- Published
- 2013
48. Catalysts for convenient aerobic alcohol oxidations in air: systematic ligand studies in Pd/pyridine systems
- Author
-
Ahmet Gunay, Andrew J. Wood, Marion H. Emmert, and Lukas C. John
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ligand ,Chemistry ,Alcohol oxidation ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Pyridine ,Organic chemistry ,Alcohol ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis - Abstract
We report highly convenient Pd catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols, which are generated in situ by combining commercially available catalyst precursors. Systematic optimizations of the L- and X-type ligand environment and the employed additive allow the use of air as the sole oxidant without formation of Pd black. The resulting novel protocol provides quantitative yields of a broad variety of ketones and aldehydes.
- Published
- 2013
49. Mutations in genes encoding condensin complex proteins cause microcephaly through decatenation failure at mitosis
- Author
-
Shelagh Joss, Gabriela Soares, Alan J. Quigley, Carol Wise, Paula Carroll, Carol Anne Martin, Andrew P. Jackson, Charlotte Keith, Jennie E. Murray, Angela L. Duker, Andrea Leitch, Ahmed E. Fetit, Philippe Gautier, Michael B. Bober, Paola Vagnarelli, Louise S. Bicknell, Emma Hall, Shubha R. Phadke, João Silva, Mihail Halachev, Adeline Fluteau, Karen J. Mackenzie, and Andrew J. Wood
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Preventative Medicine ,education ,decatenation ,Catenanes ,Library science ,Mitosis ,Cell Cycle Proteins ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Condensin complex ,Mice ,Chromosomal Instability ,Chromosome Segregation ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,microcephaly ,Biological sciences ,Cells, Cultured ,Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ,health care economics and organizations ,Independent research ,Adenosine Triphosphatases ,Neurons ,Research ethics ,neurodevelopment ,European research ,Stem Cells ,condensin ,Nuclear Proteins ,Medical research ,Aneuploidy ,3. Good health ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,General partnership ,Multiprotein Complexes ,Mutation ,Microcephaly ,Female ,Corrigendum ,Developmental Biology ,Research Paper - Abstract
Correction to Martin et al. available at: Genes & Development 30 (19): 2158 (http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/31/9/953.full.pdf+html). Compaction of chromosomes is essential for accurate segregation of the genome duringmitosis. In vertebrates, two condensin complexes ensure timely chromosome condensation, sister chromatid disentanglement, and maintenance of mitotic chromosome structure. Here,we report that biallelic mutations inNCAPD2,NCAPH, orNCAPD3, encoding subunits of these complexes, cause microcephaly. In addition, hypomorphic Ncaph2 mice have significantly reduced brain size, with frequent anaphase chromatin bridge formation observed in apical neural progenitors during neurogenesis. Such DNA bridges also arise in condensin-deficient patient cells, where they are the consequence of failed sister chromatid disentanglement during chromosome compaction. This results in chromosome segregation errors, leading to micronucleus formation and increased aneuploidy in daughter cells. These findings establish “condensinopathies” as microcephalic disorders, with decatenation failure as an additional disease mechanism for microcephaly, implicating mitotic chromosome condensation as a key process ensuring mammalian cerebral cortex size. This work was supported by funding from the Medical Research Council, the Lister Institute for Preventative Medicine, and the European Research Council (ERC; 281847 to A.P.J.); a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council grant (BB/ K017632/1 to P.V); a Sir Henry Dale Fellowship (grant 102560/ Z/13/Z to A.J.W.); Medical Research Scotland (to L.S.B.); the Potentials Foundation (to C.A.W.); and the Indian Council of Medical Research (BMS 54/2/2013 to S.R.P). The Deciphering Developmental Disorders Study presents independent research commissioned by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grant no. HICF-1009-003), a parallel funding partnership between the Wellcome Trust and the Department of Health, and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (grant no. WT098051). The views expressed here are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Wellcome Trust or the Department of Health. The study has UK Research Ethics Committee approval (10/H0305/83) granted by the Cambridge South Research Ethics Committee, and GEN/ 284/12 granted by the Republic of Ireland. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute for Health Research through the Comprehensive Clinical Research Network.
- Published
- 2016
50. Psip1/p52 regulates distal Hoxa genes through activation of lncRNA Hottip
- Author
-
Gillian S. Taylor, Graeme R. Grimes, Madapura M. Pradeepa, Andrew J. Wood, and Wendy A. Bickmore
- Subjects
Regulation of gene expression ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Gene knockdown ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Biology ,Chromatin ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,PSIP1 ,Transcription (biology) ,RNA extraction ,Hox gene ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in various biological functions including regulation of gene expression, X-inactivation, imprinting, cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the functionality of lncRNAs is not clearly understood and conflicting conclusions have often been reached when comparing different methods to investigate them. Moreover, little is known about the upstream regulation of lncRNAs. Here we show that a transcriptional co activator – PC4 and SF2 interacting protein (Psip1)/p52, which is involved in linking transcription to RNA processing, regulates the expression of the lncRNA Hottip. Using complementary approaches – knockdown, Cas9 mediated lncRNA deletion, analysis of lncRNA binding by Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) - we demonstrate that Hottip binds to the 5’ Hoxa genes located in cis, which leads to their upregulation. Moreover, the synthetic activation of Hottip is sufficient to induce the expression ofpolycomb repressed Hox genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs).
- Published
- 2016
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.