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1. The DAV132 colon-targeted adsorbent does not interfere with plasma concentrations of antibiotics but prevents antibiotic-related dysbiosis: a randomized phase I trial in healthy volunteers

Author: Meriem Messaoudene, Stéphanie Ferreira, Nathalie Saint-Lu, Mayra Ponce, Caroline Truntzer, Romain Boidot, Clément Le Bescop, Thomas Loppinet, Tanguy Corbel, Céline Féger, Karine Bertrand, Arielle Elkrief, Morten Isaksen, Fabien Vitry, Frédérique Sablier-Gallis, Antoine Andremont, Lloyd Bod, François Ghiringhelli, Jean de Gunzburg, and Bertrand Routy
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract The deleterious impact of antibiotics (ATB) on the microbiome negatively influences immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) response in patients with cancer. We conducted a randomized phase I study (EudraCT:2019-A00240-57) with 148 healthy volunteers (HV) to test two doses of DAV132, a colon-targeted adsorbent, alongside intravenous ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) or ceftriaxone (CRO) and a group without ATB. The primary objective of the study was to assess the effect of DAV132 on ATB plasma concentrations and both doses of DAV132 did not alter ATB levels. Secondary objectives included safety, darkening of the feces, and fecal ATB concentrations. DAV132 was well tolerated, with no severe toxicity and similar darkening at both DAV132 doses. DAV132 led to significant decrease in CZA or PTZ feces concentration. When co-administered with CZA or PTZ, DAV132 preserved microbiome diversity, accelerated recovery to baseline composition and protected key commensals. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in preclinical cancer models in female mice from HV treated with CZA or PTZ alone inhibited anti–PD-1 response, while transplanted samples from HV treated with ATB + DAV132 circumvented resistance to anti–PD-1. This effect was linked to activated CD8+ T cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. DAV132 represents a promising strategy for overcoming ATB-related dysbiosis and further studies are warranted to evaluate its efficacy in cancer patients.
Published: 2024
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2. The DAV132 colon-targeted adsorbent does not interfere with plasma concentrations of antibiotics but prevents antibiotic-related dysbiosis: a randomized phase I trial in healthy volunteers

Author: Messaoudene, Meriem, Ferreira, Stéphanie, Saint-Lu, Nathalie, Ponce, Mayra, Truntzer, Caroline, Boidot, Romain, Le Bescop, Clément, Loppinet, Thomas, Corbel, Tanguy, Féger, Céline, Bertrand, Karine, Elkrief, Arielle, Isaksen, Morten, Vitry, Fabien, Sablier-Gallis, Frédérique, Andremont, Antoine, Bod, Lloyd, Ghiringhelli, François, de Gunzburg, Jean, and Routy, Bertrand
Published: 2024
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3. Implementation of the WHO Tricycle protocol for surveillance of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in humans, chickens, and the environment in Madagascar: a prospective genomic epidemiology study

Author: Milenkov, Milen, Proux, Caroline, Rasolofoarison, Tiavina Lalaina, Rakotomalala, Fetra Angelot, Rasoanandrasana, Saida, Rahajamanana, Vonintsoa Lalaina, Rafalimanana, Christian, Ravaoarisaina, Zakasoa, Ramahatafandry, Ilo Tsimok’Haja, Westeel, Emilie, Petitjean, Marie, Berti, Valentine, Marin, Julie, Mullaert, Jimmy, Han, Lien, Clermont, Olivier, Raskine, Laurent, Endtz, Hubert, Andremont, Antoine, Denamur, Erick, Komurian-Pradel, Florence, Samison, Luc Hervé, and Armand-Lefevre, Laurence
Published: 2024
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4. Cefazolin versus anti-staphylococcal penicillins for treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a narrative review

Author: Loubet, Paul, Burdet, Charles, Vindrios, William, Grall, Nathalie, Wolff, Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Andremont, Antoine, Duval, Xavier, and Lescure, François-Xavier
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract: Anti-staphylococcal penicillins (ASPs) are recommended as first-line agents in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia. Concerns about their safety profile have contributed to the increased use of cefazolin. The comparative clinical effectiveness and safety profile of cefazolin versus ASPs for such infections remain unclear. Furthermore, uncertainty persists concerning the use of cefazolin due to controversies over its efficacy in deep MSSA infections and its possible negative ecological impact.
Published: 2017
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5. Protection of hamsters from mortality by reducing fecal moxifloxacin concentration with DAV131A in a model of moxifloxacin-induced Clostridium difficile colitis

Author: Burdet, Charles, Sayah-Jeanne, Sakina, Nguyen, Thu Thuy, Miossec, Christine, Saint-Lu, Nathalie, Pulse, Mark, Weiss, William, Andremont, Antoine, Mentré, France, and De Gunzburg, Jean
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract: BackgroundLowering the gut exposure to antibiotics during treatments can prevent microbiota disruption. We evaluated the effect of an activated charcoal-based adsorbent, DAV131A, on fecal free moxifloxacin concentration and mortality in a hamster model of moxifloxacin-induced C. difficile infection.Methods215 hamsters receiving moxifloxacin subcutaneously (D1-D5) were orally infected at D3 with C. difficile spores. They received various doses (0-1800mg/kg/day) and schedules (BID, TID) of DAV131A (D1-D8). Moxifloxacin concentration and C. difficile counts were determined at D3, and mortality at D12. We compared mortality, moxifloxacin concentration and C. difficile counts according to DAV131A regimens, and modelled the link between DAV131A regimen, moxifloxacin concentration and mortality. ResultsAll hamsters that received no DAV131A died, but none of those that received 1800mg/kg/day. A significant dose-dependent relationship between DAV131A dose and (i) mortality rates, (ii) moxifloxacin concentration and (iii) C. difficile counts was evidenced. Mathematical modeling suggested that (i) lowering moxifloxacin concentration at D3, which was 58$\mu$g/g (95%CI=50-66) without DAV131A, to 17$\mu$g/g (14-21) would reduce mortality by 90% and (ii) this would be achieved with a daily DAV131A dose of 703mg/kg (596-809).ConclusionsIn this model of C. difficile infection, DAV131A reduced mortality in a dose-dependent manner by decreasing fecal free moxifloxacin concentration.
Published: 2017
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6. AMR in low-resource settings: Médecins Sans Frontières bridges surveillance gaps by developing a turnkey solution, the Mini-Lab

Author: Ronat, Jean-Baptiste, Natale, Alessandra, Kesteman, Thomas, Andremont, Antoine, Elamin, Wael, Hardy, Liselotte, Kanapathipillai, Rupa, Michel, Justine, Langendorf, Céline, Vandenberg, Olivier, Naas, Thierry, and Kouassi, Felix
Published: 2021
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7. Spare and repair the gut microbiota from antibiotic-induced dysbiosis: state-of-the-art

Author: Andremont, Antoine, Cervesi, Julie, Bandinelli, Pierre-Alain, Vitry, Fabien, and de Gunzburg, Jean
Published: 2021
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8. NSCLC Immunotherapy Efficacy and Antibiotic Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author: Lurienne, Lise, Cervesi, Julie, Duhalde, Lola, de Gunzburg, Jean, Andremont, Antoine, Zalcman, Gérard, Buffet, Renaud, and Bandinelli, Pierre-Alain
Published: 2020
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9. Antibiotic resistance: Tools for effective translational research

Author: Dumartin, Catherine, Guillemot, Didier, Bousquet-Melou, Alain, Brun-Buisson, Christian, Coignard, Bruno, Concordet, Didier, Couet, William, Del Bano, Joanie, Guilhaumou, Romain, Guyard, Cyril, Jouvin-Marche, Evelyne, Kerneis, Solen, Khelifa, Mohamed, Mourez, Michaël, Verdier, Marie-Clémence, Ploy, Marie-Cécile, Andremont, Antoine, Valtier, Bruno, and Le Jeunne, Claire
Published: 2020
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10. Antibiorésistance : outils pour une recherche translationnelle efficace

Author: Del Bano, Joanie, Dumartin, Catherine, Guillemot, Didier, Bousquet-Melou, Alain, Brun-Buisson, Christian, Coignard, Bruno, Concordet, Didier, Couet, William, Guilhaumou, Romain, Guyard, Cyril, Jouvin-Marche, Evelyne, Kerneis, Solen, Khelifa, Mohamed, Mourez, Michaël, Verdier, Marie-Clémence, Ploy, Marie-Cécile, Andremont, Antoine, Valtier, Bruno, and Le Jeunne, Claire
Published: 2020
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11. Evaluation of inpatients Clostridium difficile prevalence and risk factors in Cameroon

Author: Ingrid Cécile Djuikoue, Ernest Tambo, Gildas Tazemda, Omer Njajou, Denise Makoudjou, Vanessa Sokeng, Morelle Wandji, Charlène Tomi, Aubain Nanfack, Audrey Dayomo, Suzie Lacmago, Falubert Tassadjo, Raissa Talla Sipowo, Caroline Kakam, Aicha Bibiane Djoko, Clement Nguedia Assob, Antoine Andremont, and Frédéric Barbut
Subjects: Clostridium difficile, Prevalence, Diarrhea, Risk factors, Quinolone, Cephalosporin, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Clostridium difficile, rarely found in hospitals, is a bacterium responsible for post-antibiotic diarrhea and Pseudomembranous Colitis (CPM). C. difficile selective pressure represents potential public health problem due to the production of toxins A and B serious pathologies effects/consequences. A transversal and analytic study was to assess the risk factors of C. difficile infection and to determine the prevalence of C. difficile in patients received in randomly selected five hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods A total of 300 stool samples were collected from consented patients using a transversal and analytic study conducted from 10th July to 10th November 2018 in five hospitals in Cameroon. The detection or diagnostic kit was CerTest C. difficile Glutamate Dehydrogenase + Toxin A + Toxin B based on immuno-chromatographic assay. A univariate and multivariate analysis allowed us to highlight the associated factors. Results The results showed a prevalence of C. difficile of 27.33% (82/300 stool patients’samples taken). Of these 27.33%, the production of Toxin A and Toxin B were 37.80 and 7.31% respectively. In univariate analysis, hospitalization was a significant (P = 0.01) risk factor favoring C. difficile infection. In multivariate analysis, corticosteroids and quinolones use/administration were significantly (adjusted Odd Ratio, aOR = 14.09, 95% CI: 1.62–122.54, P = 0.02 and aOR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.00–11.34, P = 0.05 respectively) risk factor for this infection. Conclusion The prevalence of C. difficile infections (CDI) remain high in these settings and may be related not only to permanent steroids and antibiotics. Promoting education to both medical staff and patients on the prevalence and public health impact of C. difficile can be core inimproving rationale prescription of steroids and antibiotics to patients and promote human health and exponential growth in Cameroon.
Published: 2020
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12. How effective are strategies to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review

Author: Anaïs Goulas, Drifa Belhadi, Alexandre Descamps, Antoine Andremont, Pierre Benoit, Sophie Courtois, Christophe Dagot, Nathalie Grall, David Makowski, Sylvie Nazaret, Sylvie Nélieu, Dominique Patureau, Fabienne Petit, Céline Roose-Amsaleg, Marion Vittecoq, Barbara Livoreil, and Cédric Laouénan
Subjects: Antimicrobial, Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture, Wastewater, Organic waste, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a major concern for public and environmental health. The role played by the environment in disseminating resistance is increasingly considered, as well as its capacity for mitigation. We reviewed the literature on strategies to control dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) and mobile genetic elements (MGE) in the environment. Methods This systematic review focused on three main strategies: (i) restriction of antibiotic use (S1), (ii) treatments of liquid/solid matrices (S2) and (iii) management of natural environment (S3). Articles were collected from seven scientific databases until July 2017 and from Web of Science until June 2018. Only studies reporting measurements of ARB, ARG or MGE in environmental samples were included. An evidence map was drawn from metadata extracted from all studies eligible for S1, S2 and S3. Subsets of studies were assessed for internal and external validity to perform narrative and quantitative syntheses. A meta-analysis was carried out to assess the effects of organic waste treatments (random-effect models). Review findings Nine hundred and thirty-one articles representing 1316 individual studies (n) were eligible for S1 (n = 59), S2 (n = 781) and S3 (n = 476) strategies, respectively. Effects of interventions to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment were primarily studied in strategy S2. A partial efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to reduce antibiotic resistance in treated effluent was reported in 118 high validity studies. In spite of the heterogeneity in published results, the meta-analysis showed that composting and drying were efficient treatments to reduce the relative abundance of ARG and MGE in organic waste, by 84% [65%; 93%] and 98% [80%; 100%], respectively. The effect of anaerobic digestion was not statistically significant (51% reduction [− 2%; 77%]) when organic waste treatments were compared together in the same model. Studies in strategies S1 and S3 mainly assessed the effects of exposure to sources of contamination. For instance, 28 medium/high validity studies showed an increase of antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments at the WWTP discharge point. Some of these studies also showed a decrease of resistance as the distance from the WWTP increases, related to a natural resilience capacity of aquatic environments. Concerning wildlife, nine medium/high validity studies showed that animals exposed to anthropogenic activities carried more ARB. Conclusions and implications Knowledge gaps were identified for the relationship between restriction of antibiotic use and variation of antibiotic resistance in the environment, as well as on possible interventions in situ in natural environment. Organic waste treatments with thermophilic phase (> 50 °C) should be implemented before the use/release of organic waste in the environment. More investigation should be conducted with the datasets available in this review to determine the treatment efficiency on ARG carried by specific bacterial communities.
Published: 2020
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13. Correction to: How effective are strategies to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review

Author: Goulas, Anaïs, Belhadi, Drifa, Descamps, Alexandre, Andremont, Antoine, Benoit, Pierre, Courtois, Sophie, Dagot, Christophe, Grall, Nathalie, Makowski, David, Nazaret, Sylvie, Nélieu, Sylvie, Patureau, Dominique, Petit, Fabienne, Roose‑Amsaleg, Céline, Vittecoq, Marion, Livoreil, Barbara, and Laouénan, Cédric
Published: 2021
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14. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Genetic Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Escherichia coli Isolated From Healthy Pregnant Women in Madagascar

Author: Milen Milenkov, Saida Rasoanandrasana, Lalaina Vonintsoa Rahajamanana, Rivo Solo Rakotomalala, Catherine Ainamalala Razafindrakoto, Christian Rafalimanana, Emile Ravelomandranto, Zakasoa Ravaoarisaina, Emilie Westeel, Marie Petitjean, Jimmy Mullaert, Olivier Clermont, Laurent Raskine, Luc Hervé Samison, Hubert Endtz, Antoine Andremont, Erick Denamur, Florence Komurian-Pradel, and Laurence Armand-Lefevre
Subjects: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), E. coli, digestive carriage, epidemiology, whole genome sequencing, Madagascar, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health concern worldwide affecting humans, animals and the environment. However, data is lacking especially in developing countries. Thus, the World Health Organization developed a One-Health surveillance project called Tricycle focusing on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in humans, animals, and the environment. Here we present the first results of the human community component of Tricycle in Madagascar. From July 2018 to April 2019, rectal swabs from 492 pregnant women from Antananarivo, Mahajanga, Ambatondrazaka, and Toamasina were tested for ESBL-E. coli carriage. Demographic, sociological and environmental risk factors were investigated, and E. coli isolates were characterized (antibiotic susceptibility, resistance and virulence genes, plasmids, and genomic diversity). ESBL-E. coli prevalence carriage in pregnant women was 34% varying from 12% (Toamasina) to 65% (Ambatondrazaka). The main risk factor associated with ESBL-E. coli carriage was the rainy season (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.3–5.6, p = 0.009). Whole genome sequencing was performed on 168 isolates from 144 participants. blaCTX–M–15 was the most frequent ESBL gene (86%). One isolate was resistant to carbapenems and carried the blaNDM–5 gene. Most isolates belonged to commensalism associated phylogenetic groups A, B1, and C (90%) and marginally to extra-intestinal virulence associated phylogenetic groups B2, D and F (10%). Multi locus sequence typing showed 67 different sequence types gathered in 17 clonal complexes (STc), the most frequent being STc10/phylogroup A (35%), followed distantly by the emerging STc155/phylogroup B1 (7%), STc38/phylogroup D (4%) and STc131/phylogroup B2 (3%). While a wide diversity of clones has been observed, SNP analysis revealed several genetically close isolates (n = 34/168) which suggests human-to-human transmissions. IncY plasmids were found with an unusual prevalence (23%), all carrying a blaCTX–M–15. Most of them (85%) showed substantial homology (≥85%) suggesting a dissemination of IncY ESBL plasmids in Madagascar. This large-scale study reveals a high prevalence of ESBL-E. coli among pregnant women in four cities in Madagascar associated with warmth and rainfall. It shows the great diversity of E. coli disseminating throughout the country but also transmission of specific clones and spread of plasmids. This highlights the urgent need of public-health interventions to control antibiotic resistance in the country.
Published: 2021
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15. Semi-quantitative cultures of throat and rectal swabs are efficient tests to predict ESBL-Enterobacterales ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated ESBL carriers

Author: Andremont, Olivier, Armand-Lefevre, Laurence, Dupuis, Claire, de Montmollin, Etienne, Ruckly, Stéphane, Lucet, Jean-Christophe, and Smonig, Roland
Subjects: Bacterial pneumonia -- Risk factors, Beta lactamases -- Analysis, Anti-infective agents -- Analysis, Pneumonia -- Risk factors, Hospital patients -- Analysis, Health care industry
Abstract: Purpose In ICU patients with carriage of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and suspected Gram-negative bacilli ventilator-associated pneumonia (GNB-VAP), the quantification of the rectal and throat ESBL-E carriage might predict the ESBL-E involvement in GNB-VAP. Our aim was to evaluate whether a semi-quantitative assessment of rectal/throat ESBL-E carriage can predict ESBL-E-associated VAP in medical ICU patients. Methods From May 2014 to May 2017, all ESBL-E carriers had a semi-quantitative assessment of ESBL-E density in swabs cultures. For those who developed GNB-VAP (diagnosed using bronchoalveolar lavage or plugged telescopic catheter with significant quantitative culture), the last positive swab collected at least 48 h before GNB-VAP onset was selected. Clinical data were extracted from a prospectively collected database. Results Among 365 ESBL-E carriers, 82 developed 107 episodes of GNB-VAP (ESBL-E VAP, n = 50; and non-ESBL-E GNB-VAP, n = 57) after 13 days of mechanical ventilation in median. Antimicrobials use before VAP onset was similar between groups. The last swabs were collected 5 days in median before VAP onset. ESBL-E. coli carriers developed ESBL-E VAP less frequently (n = 13, 34%) than others (n = 32, 67.3%, p < .01). Throat swab positivity (39 (78%) vs. 12 (23%), p < .01) was more frequent for ESBL-E VAP. ESBL-E VAP was associated with significantly higher ESBL-E density in rectal swabs. In multivariate models, non-E. coli ESBL-E carriage and rectal ESBL-E carriage density, or throat carriage, remained associated with ESBL-E VAP. Conclusion In carriers of ESBL-E other than E. coli, ESBL-E throat carriage or a high-density ESBL-E rectal carriage are risk factors of ESBL-E VAP in case of GNB-VAP., Author(s): Olivier Andremont [sup.1], Laurence Armand-Lefevre [sup.2] [sup.5], Claire Dupuis [sup.1], Etienne de Montmollin [sup.1] [sup.2], Stéphane Ruckly [sup.4], Jean-Christophe Lucet [sup.2], Roland Smonig [sup.1], Eric Magalhaes [sup.1], Etienne Ruppé [...]
Published: 2020
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16. A 5-day course of oral antibiotics followed by faecal transplantation to eradicate carriage of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a randomized clinical trial

Author: Colle, L., Kloosterman, F., van Bentum-Puijk, W., Vlooswijk, J., Andremont, A., Ben Hayoun, M., Canoui, E., Chabrol, A., Gamany, N., Lafaurie, M., Lefort, A., Lepeule, R., Louis, Z., Rondinaud, E., Sadou Yayé, H., Sarfati, L., Zarrouk, V., Brossier, C., Carrez, L., Lazarevic, V., Renzi, G., von Dach, E., Cohen Percia, S., Shvartz, R., Lellouche, J., Huttner, B.D., de Lastours, V., Wassenberg, M., Maharshak, N., Mauris, A., Galperine, T., Zanichelli, V., Kapel, N., Bellanger, A., Olearo, F., Duval, X., Armand-Lefevre, L., Carmeli, Y., Bonten, M., Fantin, B., and Harbarth, S.
Published: 2019
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17. Association between the antibiotics use and recurrence in patients with resected non-metastatic colorectal cancer: EVADER-1, a nation-wide pharmaco-epidemiologic study

Author: Hilmi, Marc, primary, Khati, Ines, additional, Turpin, Anthony, additional, Andremont, Antoine, additional, Burdet, Charles, additional, Grall, Nathalie, additional, Vidal, Joana, additional, Bousquet, Philippe-Jean, additional, Rousseau, Benoît, additional, and Le Bihan-Benjamin, Christine, additional
Published: 2023
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18. Impact of natural light exposure on delirium burden in adult patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU: a prospective study

Author: Roland Smonig, Eric Magalhaes, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Andremont, Etienne de Montmollin, Fatiah Essardy, Bruno Mourvillier, Jordane Lebut, Claire Dupuis, Mathilde Neuville, Mathilde Lermuzeaux, Jean-François Timsit, and Romain Sonneville
Subjects: Delirium, Light, Agitation, Hallucinations, Antipsychotics, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Objective To determine whether potential exposure to natural light via windows is associated with reduced delirium burden in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU in a single room. Design Prospective single-center study. Setting Medical ICU of a university hospital, Paris, France. Patients Adult patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods Consecutive patients admitted to a single room with (LIGHT group) or without (DARK group) exposure to natural light via windows were evaluated for delirium. The primary endpoint was the incidence of delirium. Main secondary endpoints included incidence of severe agitation intervened with antipsychotics and incidence of hallucinations. Results A total of 195 patients were included (LIGHT group: n = 110; DARK group: n = 85). The incidence of delirium was similar in the LIGHT group and the DARK group (64% vs. 71%; relative risk (RR) 0.89, 95% CI 0.73–1.09). Compared with the DARK group, patients from the LIGHT group were less likely to be intervened with antipsychotics for agitation episodes (13% vs. 25%; RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.27–0.98) and had less frequent hallucinations (11% vs. 22%; RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24–0.98). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, natural light exposure was independently associated with a reduced risk of agitation episodes intervened with antipsychotics (adjusted odds ratio = 0.39; 95% CI 0.17–0.88). Conclusion Admission to a single room with potential exposure to natural light via windows was not associated with reduced delirium burden, as compared to admission to a single room without windows. However, natural light exposure was associated with a reduced risk of agitation episodes and hallucinations.
Published: 2019
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19. Too Early to Recommend Early Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients With Severe Clostridium difficile Infection, or Not Too Early?

Author: Andremont, Antoine
Published: 2018

20. Protection of the Human Gut Microbiome From Antibiotics

Author: de Gunzburg, Jean, Ghozlane, Amine, Ducher, Annie, Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Duval, Xavier, Ruppé, Etienne, Armand-Lefevre, Laurence, Sablier-Gallis, Frédérique, Burdet, Charles, Alavoine, Loubna, Chachaty, Elisabeth, Augustin, Violaine, Varastet, Marina, Levenez, Florence, Kennedy, Sean, Pons, Nicolas, Mentré, France, and Andremont, Antoine
Published: 2018

21. Unraveling the Diversity of Co-Colonization by CPE

Author: Gabrielle Levi, Mor Lurie-Weinberger, Alona Keren-Paz, Antoine O. Andremont, David Schwartz, and Yehuda Carmeli
Subjects: co-colonization, CPE, CRE, HGT, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and more specifically, carbapenem-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) strains, are increasing worldwide. Despite their growing prevalence, in most high-income countries, the detection of CPE is still considered a low-frequency event. Sporadically, patients co-colonized with distinct CPE strains and/or different carbapenemase enzymes are detected. In this paper, we present three cases that illustrate the underlying mechanisms of co-colonization, focusing on horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and patient-to-patient transmission. We also demonstrate the diversity of CPE species and discuss the potential consequences of co-colonization.
Published: 2022
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22. A nationwide population-based study of Escherichia coli bloodstream infections: incidence, antimicrobial resistance and mortality

Author: Feldman, Sarah F., Temkin, Elizabeth, Wullfhart, Liat, Nutman, Amir, Schechner, Vered, Shitrit, Pnina, Shvartz, Racheli, Schwaber, Mitchell J., Andremont, Antoine, and Carmeli, Yehuda
Published: 2022
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23. Travel and acquisition of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Author: Armand-Lefèvre, L., Andremont, A., and Ruppé, E.
Published: 2018
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24. Life Support Limitations in Mechanically Ventilated Stroke Patients

Author: Etienne de Montmollin, MD, PhD, Carole Schwebel, MD, PhD, Claire Dupuis, MD, PhD, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, MD, Daniel da Silva, MD, Elie Azoulay, MD, PhD, Virginie Laurent, MD, Guillaume Thiéry, MD, PhD, Alexandra Grinea, MD, Guillaume Marcotte, MD, Johanna Oziel, MD, Marc Gainnier, MD, Shidasp Siami, MD, PhD, Jean Reignier, MD, PhD, Benjamin Sztrymf, MD, PhD, Christophe Adrie, MD, Stephane Ruckly, MSc, Romain Sonneville, MD, PhD, Jean-François Timsit, MD, PhD, on behalf of the OUTCOMEREA Study Group, Jean-François Timsit, Elie Azoulay, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Bruno Mourvillier, Michael Darmon, Jean-Francois Timsit, Corinne Albert, Stephane Ruckly, Sébastien Bailly, Aurélien Vannieuwenhuyze, Christophe Adrie, Carole Agasse, Bernard Allaouchiche, Olivier Andremont, Pascal Andreu, Laurent Argaud, Claire Ara-Somohano, Francois Barbier, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Thomas Baudry, Jérome Bedel, Julien Bohé, Lila Bouadma, Jeremy Bourenne, Noel Brule, Frank Chemouni, Julien Carvelli, Elisabeth Coupez, Martin Cour, Claire Dupuis, Etienne de Montmollin, Loa Dopeux, Anne-Sylvie Dumenil, Jean-Marc Forel, Marc Gainnier, Charlotte Garret, Dany Goldgran-Tonedano, Steven Grangé, Antoine Gros, Hédia Hammed, Akim Haouache, Tarik Hissem, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Sébastien Jochman, Jean-Baptiste Joffredo, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Lacave, Virgine Laurent, Alexandre Lautrette, Clément Le Bihan, Virgine Lemiale, David Luis, Guillaume Marcotte, Jordane Lebut, Mathild Neuville, Laurent Nicolet, Johanna Oziel, Laurent Papazian, Juliette Patrier, Benjamin Planquette, Aguila Radjou, Marie Simon, Romain Sonneville, Jean Reignier, Bertrand Souweine, Carole Schwebel, Shidasp Siami, Nicolas Terzi, Gilles Troché, Fabrice Thiollieres, Guillaume Thierry, Guillaume Van Der Meersch, Marion Venot, Florent Wallet, Sondes Yaacoubi, Olivier Zambon, Jonathan Zarka, Mireille Adda, Vanessa Vindrieux, Marion Provent, Sylvie de la Salle, Pauline Enguerrand, Vincent Gobert, Stéphane Guessens, Helene Merle, Nadira Kaddour, Boris Berthe, Samir Bekkhouche, Kaouttar Mellouk, Mélaine Lebrazic, Carole Ouisse, Diane Maugars, Christelle Aparicio, Igor Theodose, Manal Nouacer, Veronique Deiler, Fariza Lamara, Myriam Moussa, Atika Mouaci, and Nassima Viguier
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Objectives:. The determinants of decisions to limit life support (withholding or withdrawal) in ventilated stroke patients have been evaluated mainly for patients with intracranial hemorrhages. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of life support limitations in ventilated ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients compared with a nonbrain-injured population and to determine factors associated with such decisions. Design:. Multicenter prospective French observational study. Setting:. Fourteen ICUs of the French OutcomeRea network. PATIENTS:. From 2005 to 2016, we included stroke patients and nonbrain-injured patients requiring invasive ventilation within 24 hours of ICU admission. INTERVENTION:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. We identified 373 stroke patients (ischemic, n = 167 [45%]; hemorrhagic, n = 206 [55%]) and 5,683 nonbrain-injured patients. Decisions to limit life support were taken in 41% of ischemic stroke cases (vs nonbrain-injured patients, subdistribution hazard ratio, 3.59 [95% CI, 2.78–4.65]) and in 33% of hemorrhagic stroke cases (vs nonbrain-injured patients, subdistribution hazard ratio, 3.9 [95% CI, 2.97–5.11]). Time from ICU admission to the first limitation was longer in ischemic than in hemorrhagic stroke (5 [3–9] vs 2 d [1–6] d; p < 0.01). Limitation of life support preceded ICU death in 70% of ischemic strokes and 45% of hemorrhagic strokes (p < 0.01). Life support limitations in ischemic stroke were increased by a vertebrobasilar location (vs anterior circulation, subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.01–2.59]) and a prestroke modified Rankin score greater than 2 (2.38 [1.27–4.55]). In hemorrhagic stroke, an age greater than 70 years (2.29 [1.43–3.69]) and a Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 8 (2.15 [1.08–4.3]) were associated with an increased risk of limitation, whereas a higher nonneurologic admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was associated with a reduced risk (per point, 0.89 [0.82–0.97]). Conclusions:. In ventilated stroke patients, decisions to limit life support are more than three times more frequent than in nonbrain-injured patients, with different timing and associated risk factors between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Published: 2021
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25. Association Between Early Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Day-60 Mortality in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Related to Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pneumonia

Author: Claire Dupuis, MD, PhD, Lila Bouadma, MD, PhD, Etienne de Montmollin, MD, PhD, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, MD, Carole Schwebel, MD, PhD, Jean Reignier, MD, PhD, Mathilde Neuville, MD, Moreno Ursino, PhD, Shidasp Siami, MD, Stéphane Ruckly, MSc, Corinne Alberti, MD, PhD, Bruno Mourvillier, MD, PhD, Sébastien Bailly, PharmD, PhD, Kévin Grapin, MD, Virginie Laurent, MD, Niccolo Buetti, MD, PhD, Marc Gainnier, MD, Bertrand Souweine, MD, PhD, Jean-François Timsit, MD, PhD, for the OUTCOMEREA Study Group, Jean-François Timsit, Elie Azoulay, Maïté Garrouste-Orgeas, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Bruno Mourvillier, Christophe Clec’h, Corinne Alberti, Stephane Ruckly, Sébastien Bailly, Aurélien Vannieuwenhuyze, Christophe Adrie, Carole Agasse, Bernard Allaouchiche, Olivier Andremont, Pascal Andreu, Laurent Argaud, Claire Ara-Somohano, Francois Barbier, Déborah Boyer, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Thomas Baudry, Jérome Bedel, Julien Bohé, Lila Bouadma, Jeremy Bourenne, Noel Brule, Cédric Brétonnière, Frank Chemouni, Christine Cheval, Julien Carvelli, Elisabeth Coupez, Martin Cour, Claire Dupuis, Etienne de Montmollin, Loa Dopeux, Anne-Sylvie Dumenil, Jean-Marc Forel, Marc Gainnier, Charlotte Garret, Dany Goldgran-Tonedano, Steven Grangé, Antoine Gros, Hédia Hammed, Akim Haouache, Romain Hernu, Tarik Hissem, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Sébastien Jochmans, Jean-Baptiste Joffredo, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Lacave, Virgine Laurent, Alexandre Lautrette, Clément Le bihan, Eric Magalhaes, Virgine Lemiale, Guillaume Marcotte, Jordane Lebut, Maxime Lugosi, Sibylle Merceron, Benoît Misset, Mathild Neuville, Laurent Nicolet, Johanna Oziel, Laurent Papazian, Juliette Patrier, Benjamin Planquette, Aguila Radjou, Marie Simon, Romain Sonneville, Jean Reignier, Bertrand Souweine, Carole Schwebel, Shidasp Siami, Nicolas Terzi, Gilles Troché, Marie Thuong, Guillaume Thierry, Marion Venot, Sondes Yaacoubi, Olivier Zambon, Julien Fournier, Stéphanie Bagur, Mireille Adda, Vanessa Vindrieux, Sylvie de la Salle, Pauline Enguerrand, Vincent Gobert, Stéphane Guessens, Helene Merle, Nadira Kaddour, Boris Berthe, Samir Bekkhouche, Kaouttar Mellouk, Mélaine Lebrazic, Carole Ouisse, Diane Maugars, Christelle Aparicio, Igor Theodose, Manal Nouacer, Veronique Deiler, Fariza Lamara, Myriam Moussa, Atika Mouaci, and Nassima Viguier
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Objectives:. About 5% of patients with coronavirus disease-2019 are admitted to the ICU for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Opinions differ on whether invasive mechanical ventilation should be used as first-line therapy over noninvasive oxygen support. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of early invasive mechanical ventilation in coronavirus disease-2019 with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure on day-60 mortality. Design:. Multicenter prospective French observational study. Setting:. Eleven ICUs of the French OutcomeRea network. Patients:. Coronavirus disease-2019 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (Pao2/Fio2 ≤ 300 mm Hg), without shock or neurologic failure on ICU admission, and not referred from another ICU or intermediate care unit were included. Intervention:. We compared day-60 mortality in patients who were on invasive mechanical ventilation within the first 2 calendar days of the ICU stay (early invasive mechanical ventilation group) and those who were not (nonearly invasive mechanical ventilation group). We used a Cox proportional-hazard model weighted by inverse probability of early invasive mechanical ventilation to determine the risk of death at day 60. Measurement and Main Results:. The 245 patients included had a median (interquartile range) age of 61 years (52–69 yr), a Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score of 34 mm Hg (26–44 mm Hg), and a Pao2/Fio2 of 121 mm Hg (90–174 mm Hg). The rates of ICU-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, and the ICU length of stay were significantly higher in the early (n = 117 [48%]) than in the nonearly invasive mechanical ventilation group (n = 128 [52%]), p < 0.01. Day-60 mortality was 42.7% and 21.9% in the early and nonearly invasive mechanical ventilation groups, respectively. The weighted model showed that early invasive mechanical ventilation increased the risk for day-60 mortality (weighted hazard ratio =1.74; 95% CI, 1.07–2.83, p=0.03). Conclusions:. In ICU patients admitted with coronavirus disease-2019-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, early invasive mechanical ventilation was associated with an increased risk of day-60 mortality. This result needs to be confirmed.
Published: 2021
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26. Endovascular cooling versus standard femoral catheters and intravascular complications: A propensity-matched cohort study

Author: Andremont, Olivier, du Cheyron, Damien, Terzi, Nicolas, Daubin, Cedric, Seguin, Amélie, Valette, Xavier, Lecoq, Flore-Anne, Parienti, Jean-Jacques, and Sauneuf, Bertrand
Published: 2018
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27. Cefazolin versus anti-staphylococcal penicillins for treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a narrative review

Author: Loubet, P., Burdet, C., Vindrios, W., Grall, N., Wolff, M., Yazdanpanah, Y., Andremont, A., Duval, X., and Lescure, F.-X.
Published: 2018
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28. Prediction of the intestinal resistome by a three-dimensional structure-based method

Author: Ruppé, Etienne, Ghozlane, Amine, Tap, Julien, Pons, Nicolas, Alvarez, Anne-Sophie, Maziers, Nicolas, Cuesta, Trinidad, Hernando-Amado, Sara, Clares, Irene, Martínez, Jose Luís, Coque, Teresa M., Baquero, Fernando, Lanza, Val F., Máiz, Luis, Goulenok, Tiphaine, de Lastours, Victoire, Amor, Nawal, Fantin, Bruno, Wieder, Ingrid, Andremont, Antoine, van Schaik, Willem, Rogers, Malbert, Zhang, Xinglin, Willems, Rob J. L., de Brevern, Alexandre G., Batto, Jean-Michel, Blottière, Hervé M., Léonard, Pierre, Léjard, Véronique, Letur, Aline, Levenez, Florence, Weiszer, Kevin, Haimet, Florence, Doré, Joël, Kennedy, Sean P., and Ehrlich, S. Dusko
Published: 2019
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29. How effective are strategies to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review

Author: Goulas, Anaïs, Belhadi, Drifa, Descamps, Alexandre, Andremont, Antoine, Benoit, Pierre, Courtois, Sophie, Dagot, Christophe, Grall, Nathalie, Makowski, David, Nazaret, Sylvie, Nélieu, Sylvie, Patureau, Dominique, Petit, Fabienne, Roose-Amsaleg, Céline, Vittecoq, Marion, Livoreil, Barbara, and Laouénan, Cédric
Published: 2020
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30. Editorial: Combating Antimicrobial Resistance - A One Health Approach

Author: Ghassan M. Matar, Antoine Andremont, and Wael Bazzi
Subjects: resistance mechanisms, combination therapy, novel antibiotics, natural products, mode of action, therapeutics, Microbiology, QR1-502
Published: 2020
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31. Critical knowledge gaps and research needs related to the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance

Author: D.G. Joakim Larsson, Antoine Andremont, Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Kristian Koefoed Brandt, Ana Maria de Roda Husman, Patriq Fagerstedt, Jerker Fick, Carl-Fredrik Flach, William H. Gaze, Makoto Kuroda, Kristian Kvint, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Celia M. Manaia, Kaare Magne Nielsen, Laura Plant, Marie-Cécile Ploy, Carlos Segovia, Pascal Simonet, Kornelia Smalla, Jason Snape, Edward Topp, Arjon J. van Hengel, David W. Verner-Jeffreys, Marko P.J. Virta, Elizabeth M. Wellington, and Ann-Sofie Wernersson
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: There is growing understanding that the environment plays an important role both in the transmission of antibiotic resistant pathogens and in their evolution. Accordingly, researchers and stakeholders world-wide seek to further explore the mechanisms and drivers involved, quantify risks and identify suitable interventions. There is a clear value in establishing research needs and coordinating efforts within and across nations in order to best tackle this global challenge. At an international workshop in late September 2017, scientists from 14 countries with expertise on the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance gathered to define critical knowledge gaps. Four key areas were identified where research is urgently needed: 1) the relative contributions of different sources of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria into the environment; 2) the role of the environment, and particularly anthropogenic inputs, in the evolution of resistance; 3) the overall human and animal health impacts caused by exposure to environmental resistant bacteria; and 4) the efficacy and feasibility of different technological, social, economic and behavioral interventions to mitigate environmental antibiotic resistance.11 The recommendations from the workshop have also been communicated in a separate report published on the website of the JPIAMR (www.jpiamr.org). Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, Infectious diseases, Risk assessment, Risk management, Environmental pollution
Published: 2018
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32. What are the effective solutions to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review protocol

Author: Anaïs Goulas, Barbara Livoreil, Nathalie Grall, Pierre Benoit, Céline Couderc-Obert, Christophe Dagot, Dominique Patureau, Fabienne Petit, Cédric Laouénan, and Antoine Andremont
Subjects: Antimicrobial, Bacteria, Genes, Management, Contamination, Soil, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Abstract Background Antibiotic treatments are indispensable for human and animal health. However, the heavy usage of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistance. Antibiotic residues, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes are introduced into the terrestrial and aquatic environments via application of human and animal wastes. The emergence and the spread of antibiotic resistance in environmental reservoirs (i.e., soil, water, wildlife) threatens the efficacy of all antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine what effective solutions exist to minimize the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment. The aim of this article is to describe the protocol of a systematic review of the literature considering these solutions. Methods The primary questions addressed by the systematic review protocol are: how antibiotic resistance in the environment is impacted by changes in practice concerning (i) the use of antibiotics, (ii) the management of wastes or (iii) the management of the natural compartment. Bibliographic searches will be made in eleven publication databases as well as in specialist databases. Grey literature will also be searched. Articles will be screened regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria at title, abstract and full-text levels. Studies where a causal relationship between the intervention and the outcome is made will be retained. After critical appraisal, data from the selected articles will be extracted and saved in a database validated by the expert panel. Study quality will be assessed by critical appraisal. Data will be compiled into a qualitative synthesis. If data availability and quality allow it, a quantitative synthesis will be carried out.
Published: 2018
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33. In-depth resistome analysis by targeted metagenomics

Author: Val F. Lanza, Fernando Baquero, José Luís Martínez, Ricardo Ramos-Ruíz, Bruno González-Zorn, Antoine Andremont, Antonio Sánchez-Valenzuela, Stanislav Dusko Ehrlich, Sean Kennedy, Etienne Ruppé, Willem van Schaik, Rob J. Willems, Fernando de la Cruz, and Teresa M. Coque
Subjects: Antimicrobial resistance, Resistome, Metagenomics, Differential abundance analysis, Targeted metagenomics, Microbial ecology, QR100-130
Abstract: Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health challenge. Metagenomics allows analyzing the presence and dynamics of “resistomes” (the ensemble of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance in a given microbiome) in disparate microbial ecosystems. However, the low sensitivity and specificity of available metagenomic methods preclude the detection of minority populations (often present below their detection threshold) and/or the identification of allelic variants that differ in the resulting phenotype. Here, we describe a novel strategy that combines targeted metagenomics using last generation in-solution capture platforms, with novel bioinformatics tools to establish a standardized framework that allows both quantitative and qualitative analyses of resistomes. Methods We developed ResCap, a targeted sequence capture platform based on SeqCapEZ (NimbleGene) technology, which includes probes for 8667 canonical resistance genes (7963 antibiotic resistance genes and 704 genes conferring resistance to metals or biocides), and 2517 relaxase genes (plasmid markers) and 78,600 genes homologous to the previous identified targets (47,806 for antibiotics and 30,794 for biocides or metals). Its performance was compared with metagenomic shotgun sequencing (MSS) for 17 fecal samples (9 humans, 8 swine). ResCap significantly improves MSS to detect “gene abundance” (from 2.0 to 83.2%) and “gene diversity” (26 versus 14.9 genes unequivocally detected per sample per million of reads; the number of reads unequivocally mapped increasing up to 300-fold by using ResCap), which were calculated using novel bioinformatic tools. ResCap also facilitated the analysis of novel genes potentially involved in the resistance to antibiotics, metals, biocides, or any combination thereof. Conclusions ResCap, the first targeted sequence capture, specifically developed to analyze resistomes, greatly enhances the sensitivity and specificity of available metagenomic methods and offers the possibility to analyze genes related to the selection and transfer of antimicrobial resistance (biocides, heavy metals, plasmids). The model opens the possibility to study other complex microbial systems in which minority populations play a relevant role.
Published: 2018
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34. Reply to Cohen and Denning

Author: Collignon, Peter J., Conly, John M., Andremont, Antoine, McEwen, Scott A., and Aidara-Kane, Awa
Published: 2017

35. Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - Volume 15, Number 10—October 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC

Author: Nguyen, Minh Chau Phuc, Woerther, Paul-Louis, Bouvet, Mathilde, Andremont, Antoine, Leclercq, Roland, and Canu, Annie
Subjects: Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Digestive Diseases, Genetics, Prevention, Biodefense, Foodborne Illness, Antimicrobial Resistance, Vaccine Related, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Macrolides, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Public Health and Health Services, Microbiology, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Health services and systems
Abstract: The plasmid-borne mph(A) gene that confers resistance to azithromycin and has recently emerged in Shigella sonnei is present in multidrug- and non-multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from 4 continents. Further spread of mph(A) to Shigella and Salmonella spp. may be expected.
Published: 2009

36. Escherichia coli as reservoir for macrolide resistance genes.

Author: Phuc Nguyen, Minh Chau, Woerther, Paul-Louis, Bouvet, Mathilde, Andremont, Antoine, Leclercq, Roland, and Canu, Annie
Subjects: Escherichia coli, Macrolides, Escherichia coli Proteins, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Gene Expression Regulation, Microbiology, Clinical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract: The plasmid-borne mph(A) gene that confers resistance to azithromycin and has recently emerged in Shigella sonnei is present in multidrug- and non-multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from 4 continents. Further spread of mph(A) to Shigella and Salmonella spp. may be expected.
Published: 2009

37. Unexpected persistence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the faecal microbiota of hospitalised patients treated with imipenem

Author: Grall, N., Lazarevic, V., Gaïa, N., Couffignal, C., Laouénan, C., Ilic-Habensus, E., Wieder, I., Plesiat, P., Angebault, C., Bougnoux, M.E., Armand-Lefevre, L., Andremont, A., Duval, X., and Schrenzel, J.
Published: 2017
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38. Clinical features and prognostic factors of listeriosis: the MONALISA national prospective cohort study

Author: Hausfater, Pierre, Pourriat, Jean-Louis, Casalino, Enrique, Riou, Bruno, Pateron, Dominique, Yéni, Patrick, Bricaire, François, Ville, Yves, Azria, Elie, Dommergues, Marc, Bergmann, Jean-François, Wolff, Michel, Mira, Jean-Paul, Guillevin, Loïc, Zuber, Mathieu, Abasse, Soumeth, Aberrane, Saïd, Abgueguen, Pierre, Abokasem, Ayman, Abraham, Bruno, Ache-Papillon, Chantal, Adam, Pascal, Adam, Marie-Noëlle, Adhoute, Xavier, Adoue, Daniel, Afi, Moncef, Afroukh, Nawel, Agha-Mir, Ilhem, Aissa, Nejla, Aissaoui, Liamine, Akerman, Grégory, Akkari, Ali, Al Chaar, Majed, Al Freijat, Faraj, Al-Jalaby, Bachar, Albert, Didier, Albertini, Marie-Thérèse, Albinet, Hélène, Alfonsi, Gwenaël, Ali, Youssef, Chaouche, Zahr-Eddine Ali, Allart, Anne, Alric, Laurent, Améri, Alain, Amoura, Zahir, Ampère, Alexandre, Amroun, Hakim, Ananivi, Amévi, Ancelin, Pascal, André, Thierry, Andremont, Antoine, Andreotti, Dominique, Andriamaneo, Hélinoro, Andriau, Clara, Anglaret, Hélène, Anguel, Nadia, Annaix, Véronique, Anteur, Wassila, Anuset, Delphine, Aoudia, Ourida, Arabi, Miloud, Archambaud, Muriel, Archambaud, Maryse, Ardiet, Emmanuel, Argaud, Laurent, Arista, Sophie, Arlet, Guillaume, Armengaud, Jean, Arnal, Jean-Michel, Arnault, Isabelle, Arsène, Olivier, Assaf, Ziad, Assi, Assi, Assouline, David, Astruc, Dominique, Aubard, Yves, Aubert, Claude, Aubry, Jean-Paul, Auburtin, Marc, Aucher, Philippe, Audeguy, Philippe, Audié, Jean-Pierre, Aumaitre, Hugues, Aumersier, Michel, Auroux, Jean, Autret, Fanny, Auvray, Etienne, Ayach, Badih, Aye, Paul, Ayouz, Khélifa, Bachelier, Marie-Nadège, Badia, Thomas Bachelot Philippe, Badila, Patrice, Bador, Julien, Badurescu, Viorica, Baldesi, Olivier, Bandaly, Françoise, Bandin, Olivia, Bani-Sadr, Firouzé, Bannier, Stéphanie, Baranger, Thierry, Barazer, Isabelle, Barbier, Marie-Christine, Barbier, François, Barbier, Carole, Barbieux, Marianne, Marie, Barboteau, Annick, Barbut, Patricia, Baret, Mylène, Barière, François, Baril, Jean-Yves, Barillot, Isabelle, Barjon, Geneviève, Barnaud, Guilène, Barraduc, Régine, Barraud, Francis, Barraud, Olivier, Barre, Eric, Barrelet, Audrey, Barrier, Jocelyn, Bart, Fréderic, Barthélémy, Gérard, Baty, Gaëlle, Baud, Olivier, Baudel, Jean-Luc, Bay, Jacques-Olivier, Bay, Jérôme, Bazin, Claude, Beague, Sébastien, Beal Ardisson, Dominique, Beaune, Bertrand, Beauplet-Lepage, Anne, Bébéar, Cécile, Bechade, Dominique, Becherrawy, Céline, Becker-Schneider, Michelle, Bednarek, Nathalie, Bedock, Bernard, Begon, Edouard, Bekguesmia, Zaineb, Belaisch-Amart, Joëlle, Belhadj, Karim, Belle, Evelyne, Belmonte, Olivier, Belot, Jean-Pierre, Bemrah, Abdelkader, Ben Soltana, Mouna, Benbara, Amélie, Benddif-Fin, Faiza, Bénézit, François, Benifla, Jean-Louis, Benjelloul, Amine, Benkaci, Yacine, Benkhelil, Abdelaziz, Benoit-Cattin, Thierry, Benoit-Coustou, Sophie, Bensadoun, René-Jean, Bensaid, Thierry, Jacques Bensaude, Raoul, Bérard, Henri, Bercot, Béatrice, Berdin, Bruno, Berger, Marc, Berger, Pierre, Bergheul, Smail, Bergues, Benoît, Berland, Yvon, Bernard, Claude, Bernard, Louis, Bernardaud, Bérangère, Bernardi, Franck, Bernardin, Gilles, Bernasconi, François, Bert-Marcaz, Patrick, Berteaux, Béatrice, Berth-Farges, Anne, Berthelot, Gilles, Berthet, Jean, Bertrand, Kevin, Bertrou, Anne, Besnard, Marianne, Bessede, Emilie, Bethery, Philippe, Beuscart, Claude, Beyne-Rauzy, Odile, Beytout, Jean, Bezian, Marie-Christine, Bicais, Brigitte, Bidart, Sabine, Bidault, Christian, Biessy, Hélène, Bigot, Pierre, Bildea, Adrianna, Bille, Emmanuelle, Billy, Christophe, Biron, Nathalie, Bizet, Jérôme, Blaise, Didier, Blaise, Agathe, Blaison, Gilles, Blaka, Mariam, Blanc, Pierre, Blanc, Stéphane, Blanc-Amrane, Véronique, Blanchard, Pierre, Blanchard-Marche, Geneviève, Blancs, Michèle, Blazejewski, Caroline, Bléher, Yves, Blewoussi, Koffi, Blondet, Romain, Blot, François, Blum, Georges-Fabrice, Bodson, Lucien, Boidin, Emilie, Boileau, Julien, Boileau, Pascal, Boin-Gay, Véronique, Boisseau, Martial, Boisselier, Christine, Bollaert, Pierre-Edouard, Bolot, Pascal, Bonacorsi, Stéphane, Bonfils, Marie, Bonitchi, Pascal, Bonnan, Mickael, Bonnefoy, Philippe, Bonnet, Delphine, Bonnet, Richard, Bonnin, Emmanuelle, Bor, Jacques, Borie, Marie-Françoise, Borstein, Bernard, Bossi, Philippe, Botreau, Yves, Bottero, Julie, Bouasria, Abderrezak, Bouaziz, Radia, Bouchaud, Olivier, Bouche, Flore, Bouchet, Gérard, Bouden, Vincent, Boudhane, Amar, Boudy, Carole-Anne, Boue, François, Bouet, Cédric, Claude Boufetteau, Jean, Bouffandeau, Bernard, Bouhour, Damien, Bouiller, Marc, Bouillet, Laurence, Bouissou, Antoine, Boulain, Luc, Bourgeois, Stéphane, Bourgerette, Evelyne, Bourlet, Anne, Bourlière, Marc, Bourrée, Thomas, Bourrouillou, Aude, Boussekey, Nicolas, Boussier, Remi, Boutoille, David, Bouyer, Jean-Luc, Bouyssou-Destriau, Denise, Bouziges, Nicole, Boyer, Michelle, Braem, Louis, Branger, Bernard, Branger, Catherine, Brasme, Lucien, Bray, Philippe, Brazille, Patricia, Bresson, Violaine, Bret, Laurent, Breton, Anne-Laure, Breuil, Jacques, Brevet, Françoise, Briaud, Michel, Bridoux, Delphine, Briend, Delphine, Briere, Anne-Isabelle, de la Hosseraye, Claire Briere, Brieu, Nathalie, Brieux, Jean-Philippe, Brihier, Hélène, Brisou, Patrick, Brival, Marie-Laure, Broche, David, Brochen, Joëlle, Bron, Camille, Bronet, Nathalie, Bronner, Jacques, Bronowicki, Jean-Pierre, Brosset, François, Brottier-Mancini, Elisabeth, Brovedani, Sophie, Bruley des Varannes, Stanislas, Brunel, Pascale, Brunet, Patrick, Brunet, Xavier, Brunet, Stéphanie, Brung-Lefebvre, Maud, Brunot, Vincent, Brusset, Alain, Burc-Struxiano, Laurence, Burdin, Michèle, Bureau, Thierry, Buron, Fanny, Burucoa, Christophe, Cabalion, Jean, Cabasson, Severine, Cabié, André, Cacheux, Victoria, Cadiergue, Vincent, Cadiot, Guillaume, Caille, Vincent, Cailleaux Pierre-Etienne Cailleux, Vincent, Caillon, Jocelyne, Caillot, Denis, Camara, Mohamed, Cambau, Emmanuelle, Cambonie, Gilles, Camiade, Sabine, Canis, Frederique, Canitrot, Meriem, Canu, Nathalie, Capellier, Gilles, Carbillon, Lionel, Carbonelle, Bernard, Carbonelle, Etienne, Carboni, Marion, Carbonne, Bruno, Carcenac, Francis, Cardot, Florence, Carette, Sylvie, Cariou, Sylvie, Carli, Pierre, Carmagnol, Françoise, Caroli-Bosc, François-Xavier, Caron, François, Cartron, Guillaume, Casali, Patrick, Casanovas, Olivier, Cassignard, Dominique, Castaing, Denis, Castel, Brisse, Castelin, Sandrine, Castelnau, Pierre, Cathebras, Pascal, Catineau, Jean, Catteu, Sylviane, Cattier, Blandine, Cattoen, Christian, Cattoir, Vincent, Caumes, Eric, Caussin, Jean, Cavalié, François, Ceppa, Franck, Cerf, Charles, Ceriez, Anne, Cervantes, Nathalie, Chabanon-Pouget, Bruno, Chabrol, Amélie, Chachaty, Elisabeth, Chahtour, Hanen, Chaix, Fabrice, Challier, Marion, Chalvon-Demersay, Arnaud, Chambreuil, Guy, Chaminade, Bruno, Chamouine, Abdourahim, Chandesris Joséphine Chapalain-Cagnon, Christine, Chapelle, Alain, Chaplain, Chantal, Chapuzet, Claire, Charachon, Sylvie, Charasse, Christophe, Charbonnier, Thierry, Charlier, Franck, Chassin, Olivier, Chassy, Véronique, Chatellier, Delphine, Chatron, Marlène, Chaussade, Hélène, Chavanet, Pascal, Chavel, Pascale, Chekroun, Ali, Chelle, Wladimir, Chelly, Jonathan, Cherlet, Christel, Chevailler, Alain, Chevalet, Pascal, Chevalier, Yannick, Chidiac, Christian, Chimot, Loïc, Chiouk, Nabil, Chiron, Philippe, Chirouze, Catherine, Chopin, Marie-Charlotte, Choukroun, Gabriel, Chouraqui, Martine, Chraibi, Kamilla, Chudersky, Dominique, Chuzeville, Michel, Cingotti, Michel, Cinquetti, Gael, Ciocan, Dragos, Citony, Isabelle, Claise, Catherine, Clarissou-Philippe, Juliette, Claude, Benoît, Clave, Danielle, Clément, Christophe, Climas, Marie-Thérèse, Coetmeur, Daniel, Cognet, Stéphanie, Cohen, Daniel, Coignard, Sophie, Coindre, Jean-Philippe, Coint, Raphaël, Colamarino, Renato, Colingorski, Anne-Marie, Collard, Olivier, Collet, Michel, Collignon, Anne, Collus, Marie-José, Colombani, Jean-Claude, Colombat, Philippe, Combe, Christian, Condominas, Philippe, Conroy, Marie-Chrsitine, Constans, Thierry, Constantin, Nicole, Contamin, Claudine, Corberand, Damien, Cordier, Anne-Marie, Cordonnier, Charlotte, Corneloup, Hélène, Costa, Yannick, Costa, Frédérique, Coste, Mathieu, Costes, Corinne, Cotes, Françoise, Cotteret, Rabea, Couderc, Louis-Jean, Cougoul, Pierre, Coulaud, Jean-Michel, Coulhon, Marie-Pierre, Coulon, Patrice, Courcol, René, Courillon, Florence, Courjon, Johan, Courouble, Jérémie, Courouge-Dorcier, Dominique, Courtade, Henri, Courtois, Stéphanie, Couturier, Pascal, Créange, Alain, Cremet, Lise, Cremniter, Julie, Croize, Jacques, Crombe, Valérie, Croquet, Ingrid, Cua, Eric, Cufi, Marie-Noelle, Cuvillier, Patrice, Dabysing, Marie-Françoise, Dadoun, Karim, Dagada, Corinne, Dahan, Sonia, Dahoumane, Redouane, Daleas, Jacques, Dallay, Dominique, Dalle, Benoît, Damage, Alexandre, Damaj, Lena, Damaj Gandhi, Laurent, Danalaché, Ana, Danin, Pierre-Eric, Danjean, Marie-Pierre, Danquechin Dorval, Etienne, Dao, Anne, Daoud, Patrick, Darchen, Olivier, Dargère, Sylvie, Darre, Bincy, Dassant, Damien, Dassieu, Gilles, Dattin-Dorrière, Valérie, Daupin, Cedric, Daurel, Claire, Dausset, Jean-Claude, Daval Cote, Mélanie, David, Gary, Davido, Benjamin, De Barbeyrac, Bertille, De Biasi, Michel, De Boysson, Hubert, De Clareuil, Edith, De Kermadec, Jean-Michel, De Martino, Sylvie, De Tayrac, Renaud, De Varax, Roland, De Witte, Sten, Debernardi, Anne, Deboutin, Jean-Luc, Debouverie, Marc, Decoene, Christophe, Decoster, Anne, Decousser, Jean-Winoc, Decré, Dominique, Defebvre, Renaud, Degand, Nicolas, Degreff, Jean-Marc, Deiber, Michel, Delaby, Hélène, Delacour, Thierry, Delahaye, Arnaud, Delarbre, Jean-Marie, Delasalle, Chantal, Delbrouck, Claire, Delecalle, Jean-Gilles, Delesalle, Sophie, Delesalle, Chantal, Delhoustal, Laurence, Deligne, Delphine, Delisle Mizon, Françoise, Delobel, Pierre, Delour, Pierre, Delpeuch, Bruno, Demachy, Marie-Claude, Demarchi, Martin, Demarcq, Marie-Joelle, Demontclos, Henri, Dengo, Jean-Christophe, Deprecq, Sophie, Dequin, Pierre-François, Dereeper, Olivier, Deroux, Alban, Derragui, Aicha, Desblache, Julien, Desbois-Nogard, Nicole, Descamps, Dominique, Descamps, Jean-Michel, Deschamps, Christophe, Deschamps, Jacques, Desemerie, Franck, Desfrere, Luc, Desliers, Joelle, Desnoulez, Laurence, Desplaces, Nicole, Després, Nicolas, Dessin, Jean-François, Destors, Marie, Detante, Olivier, Detave, Mathieu, Detourmignies, Laurence, Devaud, Edouard, Devaux, Yves, Devaux, Bruno, Devianne, François, Devidas, Alain, Devos, Philippe, Dewitte, Camille, Dewulf, Gisèle, Dhennain, Chantal, Di Meglio, Chloé, Diallo, Habiboulaye, Diamantis, Sylvain, Dib, Baihas, Didier, Jean-Marc, Dillies, Anne-Françoise, Dingremont, Claire, Djafari, Noureddine, Djeffal, Abdelmajid, Djerad, Hama, Dollon, Christophe, Doloy, Alexandra, Domart, Yves, Donay, Jean-Luc, Dopeux, Loïc, Dorr, Gaelle, Doucet Populaire, Florence, Dournon, Nathalie, Dreyfus, Michel, Dreyfuss, Didier, Du Cheyron, Damien, Dubois, Elodie, Dubois, Nicolas, Dubosc-Marchenay, Nadine, Dubourdieu, Béatrice, Dubroca, Nadine, Dubus, Jean-Christophe, Duche, Catherine, Duchene, Francis, Dudeffant, Patrick, Duez, Jean-Marie, Duhaut, Pierre, Duluc, Françoise, Dumouchel, Hélène, Dumoulard, Bruno, Dupin, Clarisse, Dupon, Michel, Dupont, Mathieu, Dupont, Damien, Dupont, Patrick, Dupre-Narlet, Emmanuelle, Dupretz, Peggy, Dupuy, Claire-Antoinette, Durand, Michel, Durand, Annie, Durliat-Ellie, Solène, Durox, Hélène, Dussopt, Christine, Dutasta, Fabien, Duval, Véronique, Dzeing, Ella, Eboue, Florence, Ede, Cyrille, Eid, Hanna, El Yamani, Abderrazak, Elbez, Annie, Eldeghedy, Mohamed, Elena-Daumas, Martine, Elhadad, Simon, Elharie-Heraux, Zoubida, Eloy, Clarence, Emeriau, Marie-Etiennette, Emond, Jean-Philippe, Equy, Véronique, Erena-Penet, Anne-Sophie, Esnault, Cecilia, Esposito, Laure, Essouri, Sandrine, Estépa, Laurence, Estève, Vincent, Etchemendy, Sabine, Ettahar, Nicolas, Eustache, Marie-Line, Evillard, Mathieu, Evreux, Françoise, Eychene, Jean-Marc, Eyer, Didier, Eymerit, Philippe, Fabre, Jean-Luc, Fabre, Claire, Faibis, Frédéric, Falchero, Lionel, Falguières, Odile, Fallouh, Hassan, Fanjaud, Nicolas, Fantin, Bruno, Farah, Ibrahim, Farto-Bensasson, Fernanda, Fauchais, Anne-Laure, Fauchart, Jean-Pierre, Faucher, Anna, Faucheux, Jean-Marc, Faudon-Gibelin, Anne, Faurie, Pierre, Fèbre, Claudine, Feddal, Toufik, Ferhat Carre, Assia, Ferreira-Maident, Nicole, Ferreyra, Milagros, Ferroni, Agnès, Ferry, Tristan, Feugier, Pierre, Feugier, Jean-Claude, Fezoui, Hacene, Fiette, Hélène, Fille, Alexandra, Filloux, Jean-Michel, Fily, Fabien, Fines, Marguerite, Fissore Magdelein, Cristel, Flahault, Mathilde, Floriot, Christian, Foguem, Clovis, Fonsale, Nathalie, Fontenel, Benoît, Forest, Anne-Marie, Forest, Anne, Forestier, Emmanuel, Fortin, Louise, Fortineau, Nicolas, Fos, Marie-Pierre, Foucart, Saskia, Fouilhoux, Alain-Charles, Fournel, Pierre, Fournier, Damien, Fourrier, François, Fraisse, Thibaut, Fredenucci, Isabelle, Fremin-Batteux, Odile, Frey, Janine, Frimat, Luc, Froidure, Marie, Fruchart, Christophe, Fruleux, Nathalie, Fuhrmann, Christine, Fuillet, Michel, Funakoshi, Nathalie, Fur, Alain, Gabez-Therou, Patricia, Gaborieau, Valerie, Gabriel-Soléan, Sylvie, Gachassin, Laurence, Gaide, Jean-François, Gaillard, Julia, Gaillard, Jean-Louis, Gaillart, Tiphaine, Gaizi, Sad, Gallo, Nicolas, Gameiro, Manuel-Luis, Garandeau, Caroline, Garbi, Aurelie, Garcera, Yves, Gardes, Ghislaine, Garesslin, Olivier, Garnier, Fabien, Garofano, Marie, Garosi, Olivier, Garre, Michel, Garrec, Hélène, Garrigues, Bernard, Gaschet, Anne, Gascon, Alexandre, Gascou, Emmanuel, Gasnault, Jacques, Gatfosse, Marc, Gattault, Jean-François, Gatti, Hélène, Gauche, Bernard, Gaudard, Philippe, Gaudelus, Joel, Gaudry, Stéphane, Gauduchon, Valérie, Gaulthier, Jean-Baptiste, Gauthier, Yvan, Gebeile, Rémi, Geffray, Loïc, Geffroy, Françoise, Geissler, Alain, Gelez, Maud, Gendrin, Vincent, Gengembre, Guy, Gentilhomme, Hervé, Gérart Pons, Sandrine, Germain, Marie-Claude, Gesquière, Julien, Ghedira, Adel, Ghevaert, Christine, Gillot, Jean-Michel, Girard, Edouard, Girard, Serge, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Girard-Buttaz, Isabelle, Giraud, Martine, Glorieux, Isabelle, Goburdhun, Chandrah, Godin, Michel, Godon, Catherine, Goehringer, François, Goffart, Sylvie, Goidin, Isabelle, Goldgran Toledano, Daniele, Golfier, François, Goll, Armand, Gontieron, Olivier, Goquelin, Anne, Got, Laurence, Goudeau, Alain, Goujard, Cécile, Goupil, François, Gouraud, François, Gourlaouen, Alain, Gournay, Jérôme, Goustille, Julien, Goux, Alain, Grandclerc, Benoît, Grange, Jean-Didier, Granger, Thierry, Granier, Françoise, Granier, Michèle, Grasset, Denis, Gravet, Alain, Grawey, Isabelle, Greder Belan, Alix, Grelaud, Jean-Jacques, Grenet, Karine, Gressier, Bernard, Grignon, Bernadette, Grimprel, Emmanuel, Grise, Geneviève, Grobost, Vincent, Gross Goupil, Marine, Grossi, Olivier, Gruffat, Brigitte, Gruson, Anne, Guénard, Yves, Guérard, Arnaud, Guérin, Bruno, Guérin, Mathilde, Guérin, Claude, Guerquin, Bernard, Guerrot, Dominique, Guéry, Benoît, Gueudet, Philippe, Gueugniaud, Pierre-Yves, Guichard, Isabelle, Guichart, François, Guiden, Ozel, Guider, Bertrand, Guillarmé Grossmann, Pascale, Guillemot, François, Guillet, Pierre, Guillet-Caruba, Christelle, Guillois, Bernard, Guilloy, Olivier, Guimard, Thomas, Guimard, Karine, Guimier, Philippe, Guinard, Jérôme, Guinet, François, Guisset, Olivier, Guitteaud, Karine, Gutmann, Laurent, Guyetand, Severine, Haccourt, Fabian, Hacot, Jean-Pierre, Hadou, Tahar, Haiat, Stéphanie, Haioun, Corinne, Hajjar, Mostapha, Hamitou, Zakaria, Hammami, Sarah, Hamon-Charles, Sophie, Hamou-Plotkine, Laurence, Hanouz, Jean-Luc, Harbi, Samia, Harlé, Jean-Robert, Haro, Sophie, Harou, Christian, Harvey, Thierry, Hatem, Ghada, Hausermann, Marie-Hélène, Hauss, Pierre-Alexandre, Hayoun, Fabrice, Hecham, Moussa, Heches, Xavier, Hedjem, Nourredine, Heidt, Anne, Heisel, Nicolas, Heluwaert, Fréderic, Helvadjian, Thierry, Henni, Tawfiq, Henry-Andrieu, Yanne, Hequet, Delphine, Herbecq, Patrick, Herbrecht, Raoul, Hernu, Romain, Herry, Catherine, Herry, Jean-Paul, Herson, Serge, Heurtaux, Marie-Noelle, Heusse, Emmanuelle, Heyraud-Blanchet, Catherine, Hichri, Yoar, Hilbert, Gilles, Hili, Marie-Thérèse, Hiret, Sandrine, Hittinger, Gilles, Hochart, Anne-Cécile, Hodee, Nathalie, Holstein, Anne, Hombrouk-Alet, Cécile, Hominal, Stéphane, Honderlick, Patrick, Honoré Bouakline, Stéphanie, Hory, Bernard, Hourdebaigt-Larrusse, Pierre, Houssaye, Serge, Houssiaux-Maisonneuve, Nathalie, Hrichi, Abdelkader, Hubert, Didier, Huc, Benoît, Humbert, Karine, Hurel, Dominique, Husson-Wetzel, Stéphanie, Hutin, Pascal, Huttin, Bernard, Hyerle, Laura, Iacobelli, Silvia, Ilunga, Serge, Imbert, Guenièvre, Jabre-Sikias, Elias, Jacob, Jean-Louis, Jacobs, Romain, Jacomy, Dominique, Jacquier, Pascal, Jacquier, Hervé, Jaffarbandjee, Marie-Christine, Jamet, Angéline, Jan, Didier, Jang, Guyro, Jaouen, Anne-Christine, Jardel, Henry, Jarlier, Vincent, Jarrige, Luc, Jarrousse, Bernard, Jauhlac, Benoît, Jault, Véronique, Jault, Thierry, Jaunait, Eric, Javouhey, Etienne, Jean, Rodolphe, Jean, Julie, Jean-Pierre, Hélène, Jeanmaire, Eliette, Jeannot, Katy, Jeddi, Hassen, Jego, Mickael, Jennane, Selim, Join-Lambert, Olivier, Joly, Pascal, Jonquet, Olivier, Josien, Eric, Jouatte, Fabienne, Jouffret, Agnès, Jourde-Chiche, Noémie, Jourdes, Emilie, Jouvencel, Philippe, Jouzel, Charlotte, Julienne, Geneviève, Jullian, Eric, Juven, Agnès, Juvin, Philippe, Kaidomar, Michel, Kaiser, Thomas, Kalfon, Pierre, Kaltenbach, Georges, Kamar, Nassim, Kansau, Imad, Kara, Ali, Karaoui, Leila, Karirisi, Apollinaire, Karkous, Bernard, Kassis, Marie, Kayal, Samer, Keller, Marie, Kemenar, Chrystelle, Kennouche, Samir, Kerchache, Aissa, Kerleau, Jean-Marc, Kervegant, Anne-Gaelle, Khalifa-Thellier, Sandrine, Radhouane-Khanjari, Fethi, Kherouf, Hakim, Khodeir, Nordine, Kibbrecht, Eric, Kim, An, Kisterman, Jean-Paul, Kittschke, Bernard, Klapczynski, Frédéric, Kodzin, Marie-José, Konate, Bano, Kouaho, Sylvain, Koulmann, Laurence, Krechiem, Karim, Kubab, Sarah, Kubiak, Charles, Kurtz, Jean-Emmanuel, Labadie, Philippe, Labarrière, Damien, Labaune-Kiss, Andrea, Labé, Aurélie, Labourdette, Isabelle, Labrousse, Philippe, Labussière, Anne-Sophie, Lachenal, Florence, Lacroix, Jérôme, Lafeuillade, Alain, Lafforgue, Marie-Odile, Lafon, Ingrid, Lagasse, Jean-Pierre, Lagrandeur, Julien, Lalot, Jean-Marc, Lalu, Mélissa, Laluque, Simone, Lamache, Sébastien, Lamarca, Richard, Lamberet, Aurore, Lambert, Thierry, Lambiotte, Fabien, Lamia, Bouchra, Lamoine-Gimet, Ghislaine, Lamour, Armelle, Lamy, Brigitte, Lanba, Patrice, Landgraf, Nathalie, Landraud, Luc, Laporte, Jean-Patrick, Larible, Claire, Larrazet, Fabrice, Larroche, Claire, Lasbasses, Claudine, Lassel, Ludovic, Lassere, Bertrand, Laudat, Patrice, Lauque, Dominique, Laurens, Etienne, Laurent, Frédéric, Lauretta, Raphael, Laurin, Max, Lauzanne, Brigitte, Lavalard, Emmanuelle, Lavenu, Isabelle, Lavigne, Jean-Philippe, Le Baron, François, Le Berre, Rozenn, Le Berruyer, Pierre-Yves, Le Bideau, Marc, Le Boterff, Cécile, Le Chevallier, Sylvain, Le Coustumier, Alain, Le Du, Anne, Le Goff, Valérie, Le Henaff, Catherine, Le Lay, Geneviève, Le Maout, Gilles, Le Pierres, Athéna, Le Pimpec, Patricia, Le Poulain, Marguerite, Le Reste, Anne-Marie, Le Sec, Ludovic, Le Turdu, Françoise, Leautez-Nainville, Sophie, Lebas, Eddy, Leblond, Véronique, Lebreton, Marie-Annick, Lebreton, Didier, Lecaillon-Thibon, Evelyne, Lechat, Sylvie, Lechiche, Catherine, Lecis, Alain, Leclercq, Roland, Lecomte, Claire, Lécuyer, Hervé, Ledru, Sylvie, Leduc, Dominique, Leflon, Véronique, Lefort, Christine, Lefranc, Hélène, Lefrant, Jean-Yves, Legendre, Christophe, Legoff, Isabelle, Legout, Laurence, Legrand, Mathieu, Legras, Annick, Legros, Antoine, Leguen, Virginie, Leibinger, Franck, Lelièvre, Jean-Daniel, Lellouche, Franck, Lemaignen, Adrien, Lemarie, Romain, Lemble, Chantal, Lemenand, Olivier, Lemercier, Fanny, Lemery, Didier, Lemmens, Bruno, Lemyze, Malcolm, Leneveu, Michel, Léonetti, Françoise, Léonnet, Caroline, Léotard, Sophie, Lepeletier, Didier, Lepelletier, Didier, Lepeule, Raphael, Lepiller, Quentin, Lequen, Laurence, Leroux, Lionel, Leroux, Stéphane, Leroy, Hélène, Leroy, Vincent, Leroy, Olivier, Lesage, Fabrice, Lescat, Mathilde, Lesecq, Ludovic, Lessene, Aude, Lessinger, Jean-Marc, Letellier, Claire, Letellier, Nicolas, Letouzey, Vincent, Letranchant, Lorraine, Levast, Marion, Leveneur, Yann, Levent, Thierry, Levy, Marie, Levy, Marc, Leysenne, David, Libeau, Benoît, Likose, Ebutu, Lima, Suzanne, Lina, Gérard, Lioger, Bertrand, Lionnet, Benoît, Lipovac, Anne-Sophie, Loffeier, Vincent, Loison, Françoise, Lorchleac'h, Aurélien, Lorge, Fabienne, Loriferne, Jean-François, Lorléa'ch, Aurélien, Louart, Guillaume, Loury-Lariviere, Isabelle, Loustaud, Véronique, Lozniewski, Alain, Luciani, Roger-Charles, Luminitan Elena Lupean, Luca, Lureau, Pierre, Lutz-Murphy, Marie-France, Mbimba, Luwawu, M'Bey, Damien, Maakaroun, Abdallah, Macci, Valérie, Magdoud, Fatma, Mager, Guy, Magna, Théophile, Magny, Jean-François, Mahaza, Chetaou, Mahé, Isabelle, Maillard, Christine, Maillet, Jean-Jacques, Maillet, François, Maillez, Sébastien, Maillot, François, Maisonneuve, Antoine, Makdessi, Solène, Malbrunot, Claire, Malbruny, Brigitte, Malderet, Caroline, Malfuson, Jean-Valère, Malherbe, Philippe, Malherbe, Patrick, Malhiere, Sophie, Mandelbrot, Laurent, Mandin, Laurent, Mandjee, Aziza, Manéglier, Benjamin, Mansouria, Mohammed, Marcu, Elena, Mariette, Jean-Bernard, Mariette, Sylvie, Markarian, Jacques, Marmouset, Carole, Marpeau, Olivier, Marret, Olivier, Marsepoil, Thierry, Marterl-Lafay, Isabelle, Martha, Benoît, Marthelet, Patrick, Martin, Xavier, Martin, Florence, Martin, Pierre, Martin, Régine, Martin, Christian, Martin Lefèvre, Laurent, Martineau, Olivier, Martinet, Olivier, Martinez, Valérie, Martinot, Martin, Martres, Pascale, Marty, Sophie, Marty-Ane, Charles, Marzouk, Paul, Mascade, Géraldine, Masia, Florent, Masseron, Thierry, Masson, Loïc, Masson, Philippe, Matheron, Isabelle, Matica, Slavius, Matray, Olivier, Mattei, Marie-Françoise, Maubert, Bertrand, Maugein, Jeanne, Maureira, Juan-Pablo, May, Thierry, May, Adrien, Maze, Vincent, Meaudre Desgouttes, Eric, Mebazaa, Alexandre, Mechai, Frédéric, Medeau, Virginie, Megbemado, Richard, Mehri, Mona, Mein-Bottini, Myriam, Melis, Adrien, Mellier, Joelle, Ménager, Philippe, Ménard, Céline, Mendes-Martin, Lucile, Menguy, Anne-Claude, Menouar, Mohamed, Merabet, Taoufik, Mercury, Paul, Meregnani, Corinne, Mérigot, Philippe, Mermont, Sylvain, Merrouche, Yacine, Merville, Pierre-Gilles, Mesnage, Renaud, Mesnard, Louis, Messager, Aurélie, Messiaen, Thierry, Messika, Jonathan, Messner Pellenc, Patrick, Métenier, Hervé, Metton, Pierre, Meyer, Christian, Mialon, Michel, Miatello, Jordi, Michaud-herbst, Alban, Michault, Alain, Micheli, Sophie, Michon, Jocelyn, Baptiste Michot, Jean, Mielczarek, Severine, Mignart, Sophie, Mignaut, Virginie, Migraine Bouvagnet, Audrey, Mihout, Fabrice, Mille, Catherine, Millet, Olivier, Milpied, Noel, Mimoz, Olivier, Minet, Jacques, Minguet, Bertrand, Mohty, Mohamad, Moiton, Marie-Pierre, Monarchi, Richard, Monceau, Yannick, Monchi, Mehran, Monlun, Eric, Monsegu, Jacques, Montagne, Nathalie, Montcriol, Ambroise, Montmasson, Bernard, Mootien, Paramasiven, Moquet, Olivier, Morando, Virginie, Moreau, Anne-Sohie, Morel, Yves, Morelon, Emmanuel, Morin-Fatome, Armelle, Morincomme, Mathieu, Morlat, Philippe, Mosser, Laurent, Motard-Picheloup, Annie, Mottaz, Philippe, Moulinoux, Claire, Mouly, Laurence, Mourad, Georges, Mouries, Jean-Claude, Moussa, Hecham, Moustache, Audrey, Muir, Jean-François, Murbach, Valérie, N'guyen, Yohann, N'guyen, Jean-Claude, N'guyen-Khac, Florence, Nabholtz, Jean-Marc, Naceur, Tarik, Nakhleh, Jean, Nare, Aline, Nassif, Xavier, Nathan-Bonnet, Frédérique, Negrery, Huguette, Negrier, Claude, Neri, Dominique, Nesrine, Hakima, Neuwirth, Catherine, Ngami, Eugène, Carole Ngo Bell, Elisabeth, Nicobaharaye, Dieudonné, Nicolet, Laurent, Nicolet, Laurence, Nicolino, Marc, Niel, Philippe, Nikodijevic, Karine, Nkunzimana, Jean-Marie, Noel, Christian, Noirot, Alain, Noto, Philippe, Noulard, Marie-Noelle, Ntalu Nkato, Christophe, Nyunga, Martine, Obiols, Julien, Ochocki, Patrick, Odent, Sylvie, Olivier, Brigitte, Oliviero, Gérard, Ondze, Basile, Orléva, Oléna, Orode, Paul, Osman, Henri, Oswald, Eric, Otean, Paola, Ouazir, Abderkader, Ozanon, Christophe, Paccalin, Marc, Pages, Marie-Christine, Paindaveine, Bénédicte, Pangon, Béatrice, Pannecouck, Jean-Marie, Paquet, Jean-Christophe, Parent, Sabrina, Parisi-Duchene, Elisabeth, Pasche, Jérôme, Pasdeloup, Thierry, Patin, David, Patrigeon, René-Gilles, Patry, Isabelle, Paul, Jean-Gabriel, Pavel, Simona, Pavic, Michel, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Payan, Christopher, Payen, Christiane, Péan, Yves, Péchinot, Frédérique, Péchinot, André, Pecquet, Matthieu, Pélaquier, Agnès, Peltier, Hervé, Penn, Pascale, Pennaforte, Jean-Loup, Perez, Didier, Périsson, Caroline, Perotin, Dominique, Perouse de Montclos, Michèle, Perreve, Sophie, Perronne, Christian, Perrotin, Dominique, Pesque, Valerie, Pestel-Caron, Martine, Pestre, Vincent, Petassou, Fabrice, Petit, Marie-Cécile, Petit Hoang, Camille, Petitjean, Philippe, Pettinelli, François, Peultier, Anne-Sophie, Piala, Jean-Marie, Pialoux, Gilles, Piau, Caroline, Picard, Aurélia, Picaud, Jean-Charles, Pichard, Eric, Pierre, Martin, Pierre, Fabrice, Pierrot, Paul, Piet, Emilie, Piffaut, Marie-Claude, Pigeon, Bertrand, Pignon, Carole, Pinon, Georges, Piquet, Jacques, Piriou, Vincent, Placidi, Eric, Plainfosse, Gillles, Plane, Christophe, Plantier, Isabelle, Claudiu-Plesa, Nicolai, Plésiat, Patrick, Plessis, Patrick, Plouzeau-Jayle, Chloé, Ploy, Marie-Cécile, Pochmalicki, Gilbert, Pofelski, Joanna, Poinsignon, Yves, Poirier, Anne-Sophie, Poitevin, Françoise, Pommier, Christian, Ponceau, Bénédicte, Poncelet, Christophe, Pop, Daniela, Porcheron, Martine, Pordes, Réginald, Porthault, Eric, Portneuf, Marc, Pottier, Anne, Pouedras, Pascal, Poulain, Jocelyne, Poulain, Gérard, Poupet, Hélène, Pouyanne, Julien, Pouzoullic, Marie, Poyart, Claire, Pozzetto, Bruno, Prazuck, Thierry, Pressac, Dominique, Prévost, Fabrice, Prince, Sylvie, Priollet, Pascal, Proost, Olivier, Protar, Daniel, Pujade Lauraine, Eric, Pujol, Antoine, Puybasset, Louis, Puyhardy, Jean, Quentin, Vincent, Quinsat, Denis, Rabier, Valérie, Radaoui, Fouzia, Radenac, Florian, Radenne, Sylvie, Raffenot, Didier, Raffi, François, Rahmani, Hassène, Ramanantsoa, Céline, Ranchon, Guillaume, Ranta, Dana, Raoult, Didier, Rasigade, Jean-Philippe, Rassiat, Emmanuel, Raulin, Olivia, Ravaud, Alain, Ravet, Nathalie, Razafimahefa, Hasinrina, Razafimahery, Mirana, Re, Daniel, Real, Philippe, Rebattu, Paul, Rebeyrotte, Catherine, Reboul, Pascal, Reboux, Anne-Hélène, Recule, Christine, Redonnet, Jean-Philippe, Redor, Alexis, Regouby, Yves, Rémy, Claude, Renard, Gisèle, Renard, Benoît, Renou, Frédéric, Repellin, Philippe, Reveil, Jean-Claude, Revel, Valérie, Reverseau, Anne, Revest, Mathieu, Rey, Philippe, Rey, Hyacine, Rey Zermati, Jany, Reyes Ortega, Guillermo, Reynaud, Alain, Reynes, Jacques, Rezgui, Nasseur, Riahi, Jacques, Ribes, David, Ribier, Arnaud, Richard, Christian, Richardin, Florence, Riche, Agnès, Richette, Pascal, Ridah, Khalid, Riegel, Philippe, Riehl, Frédéric, Rigaux, Françoise, Rioux, Christophe, Rival, Gilles, Rivière, Brigitte, Robert, Henri, Robert, René, Robillard, Pierre-Yves, Roblin, Mélanie, Roblot, Pascal, Roblot, France, Rogeaux, Olivier, Roger, Pierre-Marie, Rohmer-Heitz, Dominique, Rolland, Christophe, Roncato-Saberane, Mariam, Ronda, Isabelle, Rondepierre, Philippe, Roque-Afonso, Anne-Marie, Rosay, David, Rose, Christian, Roseau, Jean-Baptiste, Rosello, Sophie, Rosselli, Sylvène, Rossignol, Serge, Rostaing, Lionel, Roth, Christian, Rothe, Marie-Rose, Roubert, Xavier, Rouget, Sébastien, Rouidi, Ahmed, Roulier, Philippe, Rouquet, Yannick, Rouquette-Vincent, Isabelle, Roure Sobas, Chantal, Rousseau, Sylvaine, Rousseau, Florence, Roussel, Etienne, Roussel, Jean-Christian, Roussel, Christophe, Roussellier, Patricia, Roy, Christophe, Royer, Daniel, Roze, Jean-Christophe, Rozec, Bertrand, Ruimy, Raymond, Ruppé, Etienne, Ruyer, Olivier, Sabbat, Sébastien, Saghi, Tahar, Saigne, Christophe, Sakek, Necera, Salama, Gilles, Salanoubat, Celia, Salaun-Beretta, Guenaelle, Saliba, Elie, Salles, Gilles, Salmon, Odile, Louis Salomon, Jean, Salord, Jean-Michel, Salvucci, Marina, Samson, Thierry, Sanchez, Richard, Sansot, Dominique, Saplacan, Mihaela, Saroufim, Carlo, Sauder, Philippe, Sautereau, Denis, Savare, Ferdinand, Savatier, Rim, Scemla, Anne, Schendel, Adeline, Schmitt, Anna, Schmitt, François, Schmitt, Alain, Schneerson, Morgane, Schneider, Francis, Schved, Jean-François, Schwebel, Carole, Sebban, Anthony, Secher, Aline, Sédillot, Nicholas, Sedjelmaci, Yacine, Segonds, Christine, Seignovert, Camille, Seknazi, Corinne, Semenescu, Marius, Sément, Arnaud, Semet, Jean-Claude, Semet, Guy, Sennevile, Eric, Serier, Miloud, Serre, Arnaud, Seta, Nathalie, Seyrig, Jacques-Arnaud, Sgro, Eric, Sibony-Prat, Joyce, Sicsic, Jean-Luc, Sifaoui, Farid, Signouret, Thomas, Sigur, Nicolas, Silhadi, Souad, Siméoni, Umberto, Simian, Bernard, Similowski, Thomas, Simon, Georges, Simon, François, Simonin, Catherine, Sirbu, Cristina, Sire, Jean-Marie, Sivadon-Tardy, Valérie, Sivery, Bruno, Slama, Michel, Smati, Salim, Sobesky, Rodolphe, Sokeng-Affoule, Hélène, Sollet, Jean-Pierre, Sommabère, André, Sondag, Daniel, Soraudeau, Florence, Sotto, Albert, Soulie, Bruno, Souply, Laurent, Souquet, Jean-Christophe, Soury, Pierre, Souweine, Bertrand, Stahl, Jean-Paul, Steibach, Marie-Isabelle, Stephan, Robin, Stoclin, Annabelle, Stolidi, Philippe, Strock, Paul, Suatean, Diana, Subra, Jean-François, Sucin, Yves, Suel, Philippe, Sullice, Marc, Szwebel, Tali-Anne, Tacchini, Laurent, Talabani-Boizot, Hana, Talarmin, Jean-Philippe, Taleb, Fethi, Tamalet, Catherine, Tamion, Fabienne, Tandonnet, Olivier, Tankovic, Jacques, Tardy, Véronique, Tassot, Christelle, Taurin, Gregory, Taylor, Sabine, Tchenio, Xavier, Tebib, Jacques, Teillet, Laurent, Teixeira, Antonio, Terki, Mustapha, Tesseydre, Sonia, Texier, Jean-Claude, Texier, Anthony, Thellier, Jean-Paul, Thibaud, Didier, Thibault, Michel, Thibaut, Freddy, Thierry, Jacques, Thoinet, Sylvie, Thomas, Pierre, Thomas, René, Thomas, Yves, Thomas, Caroline, Thore, Jean, Thouret, Jean-Marc, Thouvenin, Maxime, Thuet, Francis, Tigaizin, Ahmed, Tigaud, Sylvestre, Tiry, Catherine, Tissieres, Pierre, Tissot, Alain, Tixier, Anne, Touati, Kamel, Toubia, Marie-Lina, Toullalan, Olivier, Tourani, Jean-Marc, Tourrand, Bernadette, Touze, Yvan, Trabelsi-Jnifen, Asma, Traissac, Laurent, Anh Tran, Tu, Tran, Vanessa, Tricoire, Joelle, Tronchon, Laurent, Trouiller, Sébastien, Trystram, David, Ahmed, Becaid, Tsouria, Tuca, Mirela, Turpin, Mathilde, Vache, Bernard, Vachée, Anne, Vaillant, Christine, Valadier, Patrick, Valayer, Patrick, Valette, Xavier, Vallet, Françis, Van de Velde, Florence, Vanden Einjden, Serge, Vandenesch, François, Vande-perre, Philippe, Varin, Marie-Christine, Vary, Gwenaelle, Vaschalde, Yvan, Vassallo, Matteo, Vasse, Marc, Vasseur, Manica, Vatan, Rémi, Vaucel, Jacques, Vergnaud, Michel, Verhaeghe, Annick, Vermesch-Langlin, Annie, Vernet, Guy, Vernet Garnier, Véronique, Verrier, Virginie, Vessieres, Annie, Vialette, Véronique, Viard, Jean-Paul, Vieillard Baron, Antoine, Vighetto, Alain, Villemain, Marc, Villers, Daniel, Vilque, Jean-Pierre, Vinay, Agnès, Vincent, Didier, Vincent, Pascal, Vincent, Colette, Vincent, Simon, Vinci, Clara, Viole, Didier, Violette, Jérémie, Viquesnel, Gerard, Virlouvet, Anne-Laure, Visentin, Séverine, Vittecoq, Daniel, Vodovar, Dominique, Vrigneaud, Laurence, Vu-Thien, Hoang, Vuotto, Fanny, Wafo, Estelle, Wagner, Michel, Walid, Nicola, Walter, Elisabeth, Watson, Sarah, Weinbreck, Pierre, Weinbronn, Eva, Weiss, Emmanuel, Weitten, Thierry, Welker, Yves, Westeel, Pierre-François, Wink, Olivier, Wintenberger, Claire, Woerther, Paul-Louis, Worcel, Isabelle, Wuillai, Anne, Wurmser, Marc, Xavier, Jacob, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Yehia, Aihem, Yvenou, Sterenn, Zagdoun, Elie, Zagozda, Dominique, Zame, Thierry-Pascal, Zamfiri, Oana, Zanaldi, Hélène, Zandecki, Marc, Zaoui, Eric, Zarrouk, Virginie, Zarski, Jean-Pierre, Zavadil, Patrick, Zeller, Valérie, Zerbib, Franck, Zerr, Vincent, Zgarni, Lémia, Zoulim, Fabien, Zoveda, Patrick, Zuber, Pierre, Zumbo, Christian, Charlier, Caroline, Perrodeau, Élodie, Leclercq, Alexandre, Cazenave, Benoît, Pilmis, Benoît, Henry, Benoît, Lopes, Amanda, Maury, Mylène M, Moura, Alexandra, Goffinet, François, Dieye, Hélène Bracq, Thouvenot, Pierre, Ungeheuer, Marie-Noëlle, Tourdjman, Mathieu, Goulet, Véronique, de Valk, Henriette, Lortholary, Olivier, Ravaud, Philippe, and Lecuit, Marc
Published: 2017
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39. Microbiote intestinal : qu’en attendre au plan physiologique et thérapeutique ?

Author: Affagard, Hervé, Andremont, Antoine, Barthélémy, Philippe, Batista, Rui, Bonneville, Marc, Bonny, Christophe, Boyaval, Gwendoline, Chamaillard, Mathias, Chevalier, Marie-Pierre, Cordaillat-Simmons, Magali, Cournarie, Fabienne, Diaz, Isabelle, Guillaume, Elisabeth, Guyard, Cyril, Jouvin-Marche, Evelyne, Martin, François-Pierre, Petiteau, David, Doré, Joël, Multon, Marie-Christine, and Béhier, Jehan-Michel
Published: 2017
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40. The human gut microbiome as source of innovation for health: Which physiological and therapeutic outcomes could we expect?

Author: Affagard, Hervé, Andremont, Antoine, Barthélémy, Philippe, Batitsa, Rui, Bonneville, Marc, Bonny, Christophe, Boyaval, Gwendoline, Chamaillard, Mathias, Chevalier, Marie-Pierre, Cordaillat-Simmons, Magali, Cournarie, Fabienne, Diaz, Isabelle, Guillaume, Elisabeth, Guyard, Cyril, Jouvin-Marche, Evelyne, Martin, François-Pierre, Petiteau, David, Doré, Joël, Multon, Marie-Christine, and Béhier, Jehan-Michel
Published: 2017
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41. Evaluation of inpatients Clostridium difficile prevalence and risk factors in Cameroon

Author: Djuikoue, Ingrid Cécile, Tambo, Ernest, Tazemda, Gildas, Njajou, Omer, Makoudjou, Denise, Sokeng, Vanessa, Wandji, Morelle, Tomi, Charlène, Nanfack, Aubain, Dayomo, Audrey, Lacmago, Suzie, Tassadjo, Falubert, Sipowo, Raissa Talla, Kakam, Caroline, Djoko, Aicha Bibiane, Assob, Clement Nguedia, Andremont, Antoine, and Barbut, Frédéric
Published: 2020
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42. Abstract 5882: Prevention of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in human volunteers by DAV132 and preservation of responsiveness to anti-PD-1 demonstrated by transplantation of human feces into tumor-bearing mice

Author: Messaoudene, Meriem, primary, Saint-Lu, Nathalie, additional, Sablier-Gallis, Frédérique, additional, Ferreira, Stéphanie, additional, Ponce, Mayra, additional, Bescop, Clément Le, additional, Loppinet, Thomas, additional, Corbel, Tanguy, additional, Féger, Céline, additional, Vitry, Fabien, additional, Andremont, Antoine, additional, de Gunzburg, Jean, additional, and Routy, Bertrand, additional
Published: 2023
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43. Prevalence of Beta-Lactam and Quinolone/Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae From Dogs in France and Spain—Characterization of ESBL/pAmpC Isolates, Genes, and Conjugative Plasmids

Author: Véronique Dupouy, Mouni Abdelli, Gabriel Moyano, Nathalie Arpaillange, Delphine Bibbal, Marie-Christine Cadiergues, Diego Lopez-Pulin, Sakina Sayah-Jeanne, Jean de Gunzburg, Nathalie Saint-Lu, Bruno Gonzalez-Zorn, Antoine Andremont, and Alain Bousquet-Mélou
Subjects: dog, feces, antibiotic resistance, ESBL/pAmpC, fluoroquinolone, plasmid, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: Quantitative data on fecal shedding of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are crucial to assess the risk of transmission from dogs to humans. Our first objective was to investigate the prevalence of quinolone/fluoroquinolone-resistant and beta-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in dogs in France and Spain. Due to the particular concern about possible transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant isolates from dogs to their owners, we characterized the ESBL/pAmpC producers collected from dogs. Rectal swabs from 188 dogs, without signs of diarrhea and that had not received antimicrobials for 4 weeks before the study, were quantified for total and resistant Enterobacteriaceae on selective media alone or containing relevant antibiotic concentrations. Information that might explain antibiotic resistance was collected for each dog. Extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant isolates were subjected to bacterial species identification (API20E), genetic lineage characterization (MLST), ESBL/pAmpC genes identification (sequencing), and plasmid characterization (pMLST). Regarding beta-lactam resistance, amoxicillin- (AMX) and cefotaxime- (CTX) resistant Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 70 and 18% of the dogs, respectively, whereas for quinolone/fluoroquinolone-resistance, Nalidixic acid- (NAL) and ciprofloxacin- (CIP) resistant Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 36 and 18% of the dogs, respectively. Medical rather than preventive consultation was a risk marker for the presence of NAL and CIP resistance. CTX resistance was mainly due to a combination of specific ESBL/pAmpC genes and particular conjugative plasmids already identified in human patients: blaCTX−M−1/IncI1/ST3 (n = 4), blaCMY−2/IncI1/ST12 (n = 2), and blaCTX−M−15/IncI1/ST31 (n = 1). blaSHV−12 (n = 3) was detected in various plasmid lineages (InI1/ST3, IncI1/ST26, and IncFII). ESBL/pAmpC plasmids were located in different genetic lineages of E. coli, with the exception of two strains in France (ST6998) and two in Spain (ST602). Our study highlights dogs as a potential source of Q/FQ-resistant and ESBL/pAmpC-producing bacteria that might further disseminate to humans, and notably a serious risk of future acquisition of CTX-M-1 and CMY-2 plasmids by the owners of dogs.
Published: 2019
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44. Prevention of urinary tract infections by antibiotic cycling in spinal cord injury patients and low emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria

Author: Poirier, C., Dinh, A., Salomon, J., Grall, N., Andremont, A., and Bernard, L.
Published: 2016
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45. World Health Organization Ranking of Antimicrobials According to Their Importance in Human Medicine: A Critical Step for Developing Risk Management Strategies to Control Antimicrobial Resistance From Food Animal Production

Author: World Health Organization Advisory Group, Bogotá Meeting on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (WHO-AGISAR), Collignon, Peter C., Conly, John M., Andremont, Antoine, McEwen, Scott A., and Aidara-Kane, Awa
Published: 2016
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46. Correction to: How effective are strategies to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review

Author: Anaïs Goulas, Drifa Belhadi, Alexandre Descamps, Antoine Andremont, Pierre Benoit, Sophie Courtois, Christophe Dagot, Nathalie Grall, David Makowski, Sylvie Nazaret, Sylvie Nélieu, Dominique Patureau, Fabienne Petit, Céline Roose‑Amsaleg, Marion Vittecoq, Barbara Livoreil, and Cédric Laouénan
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Published: 2021
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47. Reply to Collignon and Kennedy

Author: Ruppé, Etienne, Armand-Lefèvre, Laurence, Estellat, Candice, Coignard, Bruno, Lucet, Jean-Christophe, Andremont, Antoine, and Matheron, Sophie
Published: 2015

48. Correction to: What are the effective solutions to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review protocol

Author: Goulas, Anaïs, Livoreil, Barbara, Grall, Nathalie, Benoit, Pierre, Couderc-Obert, Céline, Dagot, Christophe, Patureau, Dominique, Petit, Fabienne, Laouénan, Cédric, and Andremont, Antoine
Published: 2019
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49. Impact of natural light exposure on delirium burden in adult patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU: a prospective study

Author: Smonig, Roland, Magalhaes, Eric, Bouadma, Lila, Andremont, Olivier, de Montmollin, Etienne, Essardy, Fatiah, Mourvillier, Bruno, Lebut, Jordane, Dupuis, Claire, Neuville, Mathilde, Lermuzeaux, Mathilde, Timsit, Jean-François, and Sonneville, Romain
Published: 2019
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50. Tricycle surveillance in Antananarivo, Madagascar: circulation of both extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producingEscherichia colistrains and plasmids among humans, chickens and the environment

Author: Milenkov, Milen, primary, Proux, Caroline, additional, Rasolofoarison, Tiavina Lalaina, additional, Rakotomalala, Fetra Angelot, additional, Rasoanandrasana, Saida, additional, Rahajamanana, Lalaina Vonintsoa, additional, Rafalimanana, Christian, additional, Ravaoarisaina, Zakasoa, additional, Ramahatafandry, Ilo Tsimok’Haja, additional, Westeel, Emilie, additional, Petitjean, Marie, additional, Marin, Julie, additional, Mullaert, Jimmy, additional, Han, Lien, additional, Clermont, Olivier, additional, Raskine, Laurent, additional, Endtz, Hubert, additional, Andremont, Antoine, additional, Denamur, Erick, additional, Komurian-Pradel, Florence, additional, Hervé Samison, Luc, additional, and Armand-Lefevre, Laurence, additional
Published: 2023
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