Search

Összefoglaló. A nyálkahártya-pemphigoid különleges formája a paraneoplasiás pemphigoid, amely primer malignus betegséghez társul; lefolyása szokatlanul gyors, és a klasszikus immunszuppresszív terápiákkal szemben rezisztens lehet. Közleményünkben három eseten keresztül mutatjuk be a paraneoplasiás pemphigoid megjelenését, diagnosztikáját és a terápiás kihívásokat. A diagnózist a kórelőzményi adatok és az immunfluoreszcens vizsgálatok segítik. A terápiás célkitűzés a progresszió lassítása immunszuppresszív kezeléssel, amely a zajló onkológiai kezelés mellett kontraindikált lehet. Tekintettel arra, hogy jelenleg nincs konszenzus ennek a ritka kórképnek a diagnosztikájában és kezelésében, különösen fontos, hogy a társszakmák (szemészet, bőrgyógyászat, fogászat, fül-orr-gégészet, onkológia, immunológia) együttműködésével a betegség minél hamarabb felismerhető legyen, és a kezelést ezáltal minél korábban el lehessen kezdeni. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(18): 720–725. Summary. Paraneoplastic mucous membrane pemphigoid, a rare pemphigoid variant is associated with primary malignancy, and characterised by fulminant progression and frequent ineffectivity of classical systemic immunosuppression. In this paper, the clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutical challenges are presented through three cases. Detailed history and analysis of the immunofluorescent samples help the diagnosis. The therapeutic goal is to prevent the progression with systemic immunosuppressive treatment, which can be contraindicated during the ongoing oncological therapy. In absence of consent in the exact diagnostic criteria and management protocol of this rare condition, consultation with other specialists (ophthalmologist, dermatologist, dentist, ear-nose-throat specialist, immunologist) has high importance in early diagnosis and treatment. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(18): 720–725.

Organisations consider knowledge as a vital factor and important resource, as effective knowledge management can stimulate sustainable competitive advantages for firms, (Darroch, 2005, Liebowitz, 2001). Therefore, improving knowledge management processes especially in terms of effectiveness and efficiency became crucial for the learning organisations (Omotayo, 2015) This paper thus explores whether and how knowledge management works in various organisations operating in Hungary. Our empirical research inquires KM initiatives detectable in these organizations, their knowledge management systems, the potential roles of digital technology in the field of knowledge management and their environment and networking opportunities in knowledge sharing. The study uses data collected from 265 employees of various companies in Hungary, it uses independent samples t-test (ANOVA), Scheffe analysis and Spearman’s rank corelation to investigate correlations between different dimensions and items of the Dimensions of Learning Organisations Questionnaire (Watkins and Marsick, 2003). Research results show that organisations mostly focus on providing continuous learning opportunities and neglecting other important factors, they face challenges in terms of effective adult learning, meantime managers may not be fully exploiting their potential in terms of knowledge management. Customer satisfaction and its connectedness to knowledge management systems are hardly recognised and less integrated, though this is key success factor for business competitiveness. ICT investment and strategies are not necessarily connected to such important dimensions like knowledge management strategy, leadership, future vision or creating continuous learning opportunities.

A magyarországi kis- és középvállalkozásoknak (KKV) a felnőttképzési gyakorlatok és a tudásmenedzsment összefüggései terén csak korlátozott információ áll rendelkezésére saját helyzetükről (Csengődi, 2013). Az esettanulmányokon alapuló kutatásunk a KKV-k tudásmenedzsment-rendszereit vizsgálja, alapul véve a korábbi nemzetközi és hazai vizsgálatokat (Faragó, 2013; Israilidis, Siachou, Cooke & Lock, 2015; Senge, 1994). A kutatás célja a magyarországi kis- és középvállalkozások tudásmenedzsment-rendszereinek feltérképezése, annak megismerése, hogy mik a tudásmenedzsment rendszer működtetéséhez szükséges tényezők vagy éppen milyen akadályok merülnek fel a megvalósítása során, illetve mi a sikeres tudásmenedzsment rendszer kulcsa. Kiemelt célunk, hogy gyakorlatban alkalmazható elveket és módszertani megoldásokat mutassunk be. A kutatás során esettanulmány módszertannal vizsgálódtunk, amelyben vegyes kutatásmódszertant alkalmaztunk (kérdőívek, interjúk és dokumentumelemzés). A cikk az első esettanulmány empirikus tapasztalatain keresztül mutatja be eredményeinket és következtetéseinket, valamint rávilágít arra, hogy hogyan függ össze a szervezeti képzés és a tanuló szervezeti lét, illetve hogyan támogathatja ezt a megfelelően kiépített tudásmenedzsment-rendszer. Az eredményeink hozzásegíthetik a magyarországi kis- és középvállalkozásokat tudásmenedzsment-rendszereik tökéletesítéséhez, de relevánsak a felnőttképzéssel és a tanuló szervezettel foglalkozó kutatások szempontjából is.

Background and aimA continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) helps the user stay continuously informed about blood glucose levels and reach the right target range. This study aimed to compare glycemic control and mental health of adults with type 1 diabetes with or without CGM and to examine their experiences using it.MethodsPatients were included in the survey, whether or not they had used a CGM. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess mental health, problems with disease management, hypoglycemia attitudes and behavior, as well as glucose monitoring satisfaction.Results277 people participated in the study. CGM users (61.3%) had a more favorable glycemic control than those who were not. No differences were observed between the 2 groups in mental health and in response to hypoglycemic events; however, users reported more disease-related problems. CGM users reported they felt more open and free about diabetes, however, the pain and skin irritation caused by the device was disturbing and it was difficult to cope emotionally with the constant thought and worrying about diabetes.ConclusionsCGM did not show clear satisfaction among users, however, less fear of hypoglycemia, fewer depression symptomology and improved glycemic control indicate better clinical status, which is one of the most important goals of disease management.

In this study, generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of young children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) was compared to healthy peers taken in consideration of family functioning and psychological well-being of mothers. A total of 113 mothers provided data (28 mothers had a preschool-aged child with T1D). There were no significant differences in background parameters of two investigated groups. No significant differences between children with and without T1D were detected either in HRQoL or in family functioning. Moreover, mothers of children with diabetes reported lower levels of resilience and more depressive symptoms than mothers of healthy peers. In the regression analysis, mothers’ depressive symptoms and the family functioning significantly affected children’s HRQoL regardless of the presence of diabetes. These results suggest that parents of children with T1D handle the burden of diabetes well and integrate into the daily activities of the families. Mothers experience distress, presumably because diabetes management is burdensome; however, the family can function well and the young children can live in a similar way to their healthy peers.

Bed bug infestation rate has gone through an unforeseen increase in the past decades worldwide. Their resurgence is a consequence of numerous factors, including growing population density, increased international travel and the spread of insecticide resistance. Bed bug infestation is often revealed by skin symptoms appearing after their bite in sensitive patients. Medical professionals encountering patients with bed bug bites have responsibility for recognizing the condition and for instructing patients about the necessary measures for eradication. Setting the correct diagnosis, however, is not unequivocal as several skin diseases with autoimmune, immune-mediated aetiology or other arthropod stings and bites may present with similar symptoms. In this review we provide a differential diagnostic guide and an atlas of clinical pictures assigned to the diagnoses. We highlight those dermatological findings where the possibility of bed bug bite arises and identify key elements that help in the differentiation so as to avoid unnecessary diagnostic tests and force early start of extermination.

The COVID-19 outbreak has had great psychological and social impacts, not just on the marginalized population but on the general population as well (Wang et al. 2020). Changing life circumstances and daily routines, job losses, an uncertain existence, etc. make people’s lives more difficult. The COVID-19 outbreak is likely to have a notable impact on student life as well, as the latter have had to face many challenges (Sahu 2020) such as studying via e-learning methods, online exams, possibly losing their jobs, and financial problems (such as paying tuition fees). International students have moved back to their homeland or live in an isolated way in student hostels, maintaining social distance far away from their families and close friends. So far, only a few studies have been carried out to analyze how COVID-19 has affected students’ lives (Sahu 2020, Wenjun et al. 2020, Wong et al. 2007). Four Hungarian universities – Corvinus University of Budapest,8 the University of Debrecen, the University of Miskolc, and the University of Szeged – participated in the COVID-19 International Student Well-Being Study (C19 ISWS) (Van de Velde et al. 2020, Buffel et al. forthcoming), organized and conducted by the University of Amsterdam (UA) to examine the effects of COVID-19 on student life, involving 27 countries. The research objectives (RO) are the following (Van de Velde et al. 2020:1-2.): RO 1: Assess how the living conditions (physical and socioeconomic status) and workload of higher education students changed during the COVID-19 outbreak. RO 2: Assess how changes in living conditions and workload are related to stress levels among higher education students during the COVID-19 outbreak. RO 3: Assess how changes in living conditions, workload, and stress levels relate to well-being, mental health, and health behavior among higher education students during the COVID-19 outbreak. RO 4: Assess how the associations described in RO 3 are mediated by stressors (fear of infection, boredom, frustration, inadequate information, etc.), social support, and COVID-19-related knowledge during the pandemic outbreak. RO 5: Assess the variation in well-being and mental health among university students across participating universities and countries. RO 5: Assess how the cross-university and cross-country variation in wellbeing and mental health in higher education students may be related to varying (a) university-level, and (2) national policy contexts.

Regular physical activity (PA) plays a key role in maintaining physical and mental well-being; and even during a pandemic it is of special importance. This study investigated the changes in patterns of moderate and vigorous PA prior to and during the coronavirus pandemic in a diverse sample of 110 higher education institutes from 26 countries. The association between changes in moderate and vigorous PA with mental well-being was also evaluated. Data for the present study were taken from the COVID-19 International Student Well-being Study (Van de Velde et al. 2021). Stratified convenience sampling design was applied. Data collection took place between April and July, 2020. Mental well-being was assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) short form, and moderate and vigorous PA was estimated using a single item. For data analysis, SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used. A total of 88,270 students of higher education aged 23.29 (SD=5.7 years; 72.8 per cent females) completed a web-based questionnaire. Results indicated a global decrease both in moderate (p < 0.001) and vigorous PA (p < 0.001), with women becoming more active (p < 0.001) than their male counterparts during the pandemic. There was a relationship between the change in physical activity patterns and mental well-being. The most unfavourable mental well-being was observed in students who reduced or stopped PA (p < 0.001). During the pandemic, PA decreased globally; however, some students, particularly females, took the opportunity to increase their amount of PA. Changes in PA before and prior to the pandemic are associated with mental well-being. Promoting PA during the pandemic is a public health issue.

Hikers performing long distances (1000–5500 kms a year) were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate their mental well-being and to find their motivation as well as to analyze the excessive physical activity. 112 hikers completed a questionnaire (M(age) = 40.28, SD = 8.77, 57.1% male) and 25 individuals were interviewed. Distance had association only with perceived health status. There were no differences between males and females, as well as between age groups and educational attainments regarding distance. 33.3% of hikers indicated symptoms of loneliness and 4.5% were involved excessively in hiking that was significantly regressed by distress. Hikers had mainly intrinsic motivations to complete long distances including overcoming new challenges, finding the physical boundaries, experiencing a state outside the comfort zone, belonging to a special group with similar interest and attracted by the beauty of nature. Overcoming all these embodied in a flow experience that took them further to perform the new long-distance trails., Excessive physical activity, Flow experience, Hikers, Long distance, Loneliness, Mental well-being

Background and aims This study examines exercise addiction (EA) in amateur runners from a multidimensional approach, including demographics (age, sex, educational attainment, and financial situation), training factors (duration of running activity, weekly time spent running, mean workout distance per session, other sports activities, and childhood physical activity), psychological features (perceived health, life satisfaction, loneliness, stress, anxiety, depression, body shape, and eating disorders), and anthropometrics (body mass index) that might predict EA. Methods The well-validated Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS) was applied to evaluate the prevalence of EA in amateur runners. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to find explanatory variables of risk of EA using the SPSS 24.0 statistical software. Results A total of 257 runners (48.9% females, Mage = 40.49, SD = 8.99 years) with at least 2 years running activity participated in an anonymous questionnaire survey. About 53.6% of respondents were characterized as non-dependent symptomatic and 37.8% as non-dependent asymptomatic. About 8.6% had prevalence of being at risk of EA. The logistic regression model displayed five variables that significantly predicted the risk of EA: (a) anxiety, (b) loneliness, (c) weekly time spent running, (d) childhood physical activity, and (e) education level. Discussion and conclusions Findings indicate that loneliness and anxiety may lead to withdrawal and uncontrolled behavior that in turn leads to increased amount of exercise in amateur runners. Lower level of education attainment is also a likely risk of EA development, and childhood sports activity is a predictor.

This study aims to explore the associations between descriptive normative beliefs (DNB), alcohol use and negative consequences and test whether self-regulation (SR) moderates this relationship. The data was collected online from 1621 first-year university students in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania and Slovakia. The AUDIT, self-regulation questionnaire and questions regarding DNB were used. DNB were found to be positively associated with drinking across all the samples. The associations between DNB and alcohol use as well as between alcohol use and negative consequences were stronger among students with lower SR. The protective effect of SR on alcohol use and consequences combined with the theory of social influence may improve intervention accuracy and make it a promising target for intervention among young adults., Cilj je ove studije istražiti povezanost opisnih normativnih uvjerenja (descriptive normative beliefs, DNB), uživanja alkohola i njegovih štetnih posljedica te provjeriti umanjuje li samoregulacija ovaj odnos. Podaci su prikupljeni na internetu od 1621 studenta prve godine sveučilišta u Češkoj, Mađarskoj, Litvi i Slovačkoj. Korišteni su upitnici AUDIT, upitnik za samoregulaciju i pitanja o DNB-u. U svim je uzorcima DNB pozitivno povezan s konzumacijom alkohola. Povezanost između DNB-a i uživanja alkohola, kao i između uživanja alkohola i njegovih štetnih posljedica bila je jača kod studenata s nižom samoregulacijom. Zaštitni učinak samoregulacije na konzumaciju alkohola i njegove posljedice, u kombinaciji s teorijom društvenog utjecaja, mogu poboljšati točnost intervencije i učiniti je obećavajućom mjerom djelovanja među mladim odraslim osobama.

Background In Europe, alcohol consumption (AC), especially binge drinking (BD) and behavioural risk factors among students in higher education remain to be investigated. The aim of the study was to assess the evolution of AC, and BD and the behavioural factors associated in university students in four European universities: Chisinau (Ch) in Republic of Moldova, Cluj-Napoca (Cl) in Romania, Miskolc (Ms) in Hungary and Rouen (Ro) in France. Methods In the four countries in 2018, students in higher education completed an anonymous standardized self-questionnaire. The questionnaire collected age, gender (M, W), housing, curricula, smoking, cannabis consumption. Alcohol abuse problems were assessed by ADOSPA test and by AUDIT test.. Frequent BD was determined as a consumption of five or most alcoholic drinks on one occasion at least twice a month. A risk profile of consumers was conducted according to the consumption of alcohol and frequency of BD. Results A total of 3076 students were included, 705 in Ch, 582 in Cl, 534 in Ms and 1255 in Ro. Globally, the sex-ratio was quite similar (M:F=0.45), the mean age was 21.2 (SD = 4.1). In Ro, 83.6% of students consumed alcohol at least 1 per week, 86.4% in Ch, 27.6% in Cl, 43.6% in Ms. The prevalence of frequent BD was 15.9% in Ms and 13.8% in Ro, 11.5% in Ch and 12.6% in Cl. Alcohol hazardous drinking and risk of addiction levels were found in 19.3% of students in Ro, 27.6%, in Ms, 7.4% in Cl and 13,6% in Ch. Regarding patterns of consumption significant difference by gender were found. After multivariate analysis, different risk behaviours were found. Conclusions BD patterns in students were quite similar in the four countries, especially in male students. BD appears as a frequent, whose consequences remain to be investigated. It might be necessary in the future to screen students for potential ED upon entry to the university and also to inform student about the risk of ED and advise them to consult a healthcare professional. Key messages The study showed that alcohol is a central part of students’ lives in France, Hungary, Republic of Moldova and Romania. Specific target populations for public health interventions were identified.

Life satisfaction, dimensions of internalized cultural values and self-efficacy related to emigration intentions for a long-term stay abroad of university students in five European countries. Aim: To explore the associations between emigration intentions of university students form five European countries in relation to several intrapersonal and emigration self-efficacy. The second aim is to explore the mediating role of self-efficacy in relation to internalized cultural values and emigration intentions. Sample and procedure: The sample consisted of 1223 students (females N=812, 66.4%, males N=411, 33.6%. M=21.95, SD=3.62) from five European countries. The data collection was completed via an online questionnaire (University of Antwerp, Belgium, Sofia University, Bulgaria, University of Miskolc, Hungary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovak Republic). The local ethics committee in every country approved the study Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 21. Differences in intrapersonal were analysed by ANOVA with a Scheffe Post hoc test. Binary logistic regression with the method enter controlling for country and age was used as a method of analysis. Mediational analyses were explored by using Hayes PROCESS tool. Findings: The regression model explained between 29-38 percent of the variance. Those students with higher self–efficacy also with higher horizontal individualism were more likely to have emigration intentions compared to those with lower self-efficacy and HI, and those with lower satisfaction and vertical collectivism were more likely to have long-term emigration intentions compared to those with higher satisfaction and VC. Self-efficacy was found to mediate the relationship between horizontal dimensions of internalized cultural values and emigration intentions.

Background Eating disorders (ED) and behavioural risk factors among students in higher education remain to be investigated. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of ED and the behavioural factors associated with ED in university students in four European universities: Chisinau (Ch) in Republic of Moldava, Cluj-Napoca (CN) in Romania, Miskolc (Ms) in Hungary and Rouen (R) in France. Methods In the four countries, students in higher education completed an anonymous standardized self-questionnaire, from 2016 to 2018. The questionnaire collected age, gender (M, W), housing, curricula, smoking, cannabis consumption, alcohol abuse problems (ADOSPA test), and perceived stress (Cohen score). The Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food (SCOFF scale) screening test was used to identify student with ED. Results A total of 3076 students were included, 705 in Ch, 582 in CL, 534 in Ms and 1255 in R. The sex-ratio was M:F=0.31 Ch, 0.30 in CN, 0.44 in Ms and 0.66 in R. The mean age was 21.2 (SD = 3.98) in Ch, 21.2 (SD = 3.2) in CL, 23.8 (SD = 5.1) in Ms and 20.0 (SD = 3.4) in R. The global prevalence of ED was 23.8%. According to the gender, the prevalence of ED in the four universities was 14.7% in M and 38.3% in W in Ch, 21.8% in M and 24.7% in W in CN, 19.7% in M and 21.4% in W in Ms and 16.1% in M and 34.0% in W in R (p < 10-4). After logistic regression, significant positive relation between the positive SCOFF was observed with female gender, alcohol abuse problems and stress level. Conclusions ED prevalence patterns were quite similar in the four countries, with high prevalence of ED, even in men. Associated behavioural risk-factors were quite similar. It might be necessary in the future to screen students for potential ED upon entry to the university and also to inform student about the risk of ED and advise them to consult a healthcare professional. Key messages Our study highlights the high prevalence of eating disorders, with similar behaviours in university students in four countries. Because of the detrimental effects of ED on physical and emotional health, it seems mandatory to set up public health programs (health promotion, prevention).

The aim of this study was to extend the psychometric evaluation of the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ) by assessing the factor structure across three countries from Central and Eastern Europe. The sample included 1809 students from Slovakia, Lithuania and Hungary. Based on an initial confirmative factor analysis, a 2-factor structure by Neal and Carey (2005) was confirmed in the Lithuanian sample. Next, exploratory factor analyses were used on the Slovak and Hungarian subsamples separately. For both national subsamples, a very similar four factor solution was found, which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analyses on the rest of the data. Despite the reduced number of items, the abridged scale did not suffer in terms of its internal reliability and thus provides an adequate approximation of self-regulation levels as the entire scale or as the scale with the proposed 4-factor solution.

Objectives: To investigate changes in moderate and vigorous physical activity (PA), and find correlation with psychological well-being and perceived health status in university students prior to versus 4–6 weeks following the outbreak of coronavirus pandemic Methods: Registered students to the 2020/2021 academic year participated in an online survey representing four Hungarian universities in the framework of “COVID-19 International Student Well-being Study” project. Moderate and vigorous PA were measured with a single question, psychological well-being was evaluated using the Center for Epidemiological Studies − Depression Scale (CES-D) short form and perceived health status on the 11-point Cantril ladder respectively. Statistical analyses were calculated using SPSS 26.0 software Results: A total of 2779 Hungarian citizen students completed the questionnaire and 2162 (27.7% males) provided full information on PA. Mean age was 24.52 (SD = 7.15) years. A significant decrease was observed in moderate PA prior to and during social isolation (Z = -14.956;p < .001). Students mean well-being was 10.23, SD = 5.28)/32. After analyzing changes (decreased, unchanged, increased) of PA in the context of well-being, it was found students with reduced PA had significantly less favorable scores on well-being scale than students who unchanged or increased their PA level, both in moderate (F = 32.35;p < .001) and vigorous (F = 21.44;p < .001) PA. Regarding the perceived health status there was significant reduction during the pandemic (M = 7.58, SD = 2.19) compared to the preceding period (M = 7.94, SD = 1.85;p < .001). This reduction was most notable in the group that reduced PA Conclusions: The closure of universities and sport facilities unfavorably influenced the students’ previous PA level. Based on the result, there is a negative relationship between PA and psychological wellbeing also between PA and perceived health status. Universities may pay more attention to keep their students physically active even during a pandemic as it may be far from being over yet. © 2021 The Author(s)

Recent literature draws attention to the fact that problematic Internet use is a growing health issue among adolescents worldwide. This study aimed to find the potential demographic, physical and psychopathological risk factors associated with severe problematic Internet use of adolescents. A total of 1,347 adolescents (45.1% males) were recruited from five high schools in three settlements. Students completed an online questionnaire and provided data about socio-demographics, physical activity, physical and psychopathological health, as well as about their Internet use habits (Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire). 1.9% of the respondents appeared to be severe, 20.4% moderate problematic Internet users. The complexity of the problem is manifested in the multifaceted relationships of factors. The multinomial regression analysis identified four significant risk factors for severe problematic internet use, namely depressive symptoms, loneliness, low level of father’s education level and low level of physical activity. The real severe problematic Internet use is not so common in adolescent students, however, together with moderate problematic Internet users, this number has significance. Psychopathological factors such as elevated depressive symptoms and loneliness should be considered when preventive programs are implemented and more attention should be taken on physical activity as an effective tool against addictive behavior.

Objective In this international study, the prevalence of Eating disorders (EDs) was determined among university students and identified associated demographic and behavioral factors predicting disorders using data from three European countries. Methods The survey was conducted in Hungary, Poland, and Ukraine in 2018. Registered full-time students completed an online anonymous questionnaire. Students provided data about socioeconomic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), EDs, physical fitness and sport practice, psychological distress (stress, anxiety, depression), life orientation, alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software. Results From the 1965 returned questionnaires 1950 were analyzed, because of the missing data (67.3% female, mean age of the total participant’s 21.40 ± 3.83 years old). EDs were observed in 26.3% of students. In logistic regression, EDs were predicted by female sex, higher BMI, single marital status, elevated psychological distress and limited access to health care. Conclusion EDs are relatively common in university students especially in females. Students with higher distress and BMI, limited access to health care and living without partner are at risk for EDs. This result highlights the need for a public health approach. Universities are the last chance where students can be screened in an organized setting and offer interventions early when treatment is likely to be most effective.

Background Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) can be faced with deterioration in glycemic control (GC), reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and other psychosocial problems. It is important to understand how the disease and its clinical conditions influence HRQoL and how adolescents are able to overcome the life adjustment difficulties. Objective To assess HRQoL of adolescents with T1D from demographic, clinical, personal, and behavioral point of view. Subjects A total of 229 adolescents with T1D (51.2% males) with a mean age of 15.35 (2.29) years old were recruited from three diabetes centers. The mean diabetes duration was 7.48 (3.87), the mean hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level was 10.3 (1.76) mmol/L. Methods A multicenter quantitative correlational design study was applied to investigate the influence of sex, age, diabetes duration, GC expressed by HbA1c, intensive insulin regimen, physical activity (PA), resilience (RS), and socioeconomic background on HRQoL. Results Presence of the diabetes symptoms and worry about the disease has negative impact on the patients' HRQoL. Stepwise multiple regression analyses indicated that insulin pump therapy, male sex, and higher level of RS were significantly related to an increase in HRQoL, whereas the higher level of PA, male sex, and better HRQoL was significantly related to positive change in RS. Patients treated with insulin pump therapy had significantly better HRQoL. Conclusions Significant association can be observed between HRQoL and RS. Supposedly, higher level of PA promotes higher level of RS that in turn helps increase HRQoL in adolescents with T1D. Treatment with insulin pump therapy also promotes better HRQoL.

BACKGROUND: Many studies indicate that a substantial part of the student population drinks excessively, yet most European universities do not have an alcohol policy. In the absence of an alcohol guideline at universities and the easy access to alcohol sold at the student cafeteria, for instance, this has the potential to place students at risk of overconsumption, which has adverse health consequences.OBJECTIVES: Therefore, our study objectives were to explore and compare university students' experiences and attitudes toward alcohol policy on their campus using a qualitative approach.METHODS: 29 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among students from universities in five European countries: Belgium (4 FGDs), Denmark (6 FGDs), France (5 FGDs), Hungary (6 FGDs), and the Slovak Republic (8 FGDs), with a total number of 189 participants.RESULTS: Across the five European countries, students recognized that alcohol was a big problem on their campuses yet they knew very little, if any, about the rules concerning alcohol on their campus.CONCLUSIONS: Students will not support an on campus alcohol restriction and a policy should therefore focus on prevention initiatives.

Objective This quantitative correlational design study aimed to examine the variation in adolescent health and lifestyle characteristics across self-reported physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) levels. Methods Data were collected from 422 students (50.2% males) (16.33 SD = 1.66 y/o) attending a high school. An online questionnaire was used to gather data on the following characteristics: self-reported well-being, overall life satisfaction, depression (including self-harm and suicidal ideation), perceived health status, eating disorders, sleepiness, substance use (alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use), body mass index, PA participation and PF levels. Results Of the participants, 42.4% reported at least 5 days of PA a week for 60 min per day. These high active individuals had significantly better well-being, health status, life satisfaction, PF and consumed fewer alcohol beverages. High PA and better PF inversely correlated with depression. Conclusions It seems that high PA and better PF have a positive impact on adolescent perceived health, health-risk behaviors and mental health. Increased levels of PA can play a vital role in the primary care, prevention of health risks and in adolescent health promotion. Accordingly, educational institutions are an excellent setting to promote and provide sport facilities and encourage students to be more physically active.

Background Within the frame of National Epidemiological Surveillance System, family physicians have an obligation to report infections and suspicions cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, daily practice and the reporting activities of Hungarian family physicians regarding to infectious diseases. Methods A self-administered survey was developed, validated and used. The survey was completed by family physicians who had taken part in continuous medical educational programmes of all Hungarian medical faculties. The questionnaire, consisting demographic questions and 10 statements about their reporting habits were completed by 347 doctors, 8% of the total number of family physicians. The data were processed in a cross-sectional design with general linear model. Results According to the majority of responders, the current reporting system works efficiently. Rural physicians were mainly agreed, that reporting is not a simply obligation, it is a professional task as well. They were less hindered in daily work by reporting activities, waited less for laboratory confirmation before reporting, reported suspicious cases more frequently. Practitioner’s based in urban settlements preferred to await laboratory tests before reporting and were hindered less by failures of the electronic reporting system. Older physicians trusted more in the recent system and they wished to increase the number of reports. Female physicians have higher consciousness in epidemiology. They were mostly in agreement that even severe infectious diseases can be diagnosed at primary care level and their daily practices were less burdened by reporting duties. Conclusions Both the epidemiological knowledge of general practitioners’ and the electronic surveillance systems should be improved. There is a need to develope the electronic infrastructure of primary care. More and regular control is also expected by the health care authorities, beside the synthesis of professional and governmental expectations and regulations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-2948-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

This population-based quantitative study explored the proportion of at-risk adolescents for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at school settings of Hungary. There were 3962 adolescents with BMIs over 85th percentile. School nurses completed a screening form to collect demographic data and risk factors for development of T2D (family history (accounted 83.3%), hypertension (75.0%), Acanthosis nigricans (37.1%), dyslipidemia (20.7%) and PCOS in females (9.6%). 512 students (262 males, 250 females) had at least two signs of conditions associated with insulin resistance and considered at-risk individuals. There was no gender difference regarding the risk factors for T2D, however, adolescents born preterm (X2(1) = 4.292, p = 0.047) and living in rural areas (X2(1) = 5.520, p = 0.022) were more likely to be at-risk. Gender difference was observed in hypertension, and boys were more afflicted with a higher T2D risk. Thirteen percent of adolescents are at-risk for development of T2D in later years. These population-based screening data highlight the need for public health approach. School settings may serve as suitable location where the screening and preventive protocol can be developed. Keywords: Adolescents, Obesity, Risk factors, School nurses, Type 2 diabetes