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We present the Hungarian National Scientific Bibliography project: the MTMT. We argue that presently available commercial systems cannot be used as a comprehensive national bibliometric tool. The new database was created from existing databases of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, but expected to be re-engineered in the future. The data curation model includes harvesting, the work of expert bibliographers and author feedback. MTMT will work together with the other services in the web of scientific information, using standard protocols and formats, and act as a hub. It will present the scientific output of Hungary together with the repositories containing the full text, wherever available. The database will be open, but not freely harvestable, and only for non-commercial use.

The article presents the use of the REAL repository as a text corpus of modern Hungarian-language content, which is jointly implemented by the Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA KIK) and the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics (NYTK), in the framework of the National Programme of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences "Science for the Hungarian language". The sub-programme "Digital support of the Hungarian language in the service of Hungarian science" will be completed in 2026 and is based on the teaching and application of the neural network-based language technology tool developed by the NYTK. REAL is one of the most important Hungarian scientific repositories, organised into eight collections with more than 210,000 items, the vast majority of which are freely downloadable. Nearly half a million downloads are made from the repository every month. The new project will attempt to use part of the textual content as a corpus of texts. To do this, we need to get to know our own collection better than ever before, to assess its data content and to examine the quality of the documents and their descriptive data. We must then seek to improve and complete the descriptive data before using language technology tools. As a result of this project, it is hoped that the repository data can be further improved. Part of the project involves mining the corpus of texts: we will identify the basic bibliographic information in the texts and use it both to enrich the description of the original documents and to supplement other databases (Hungarian Science Bibliography, MTMT). We also deal with the thematic classification of texts. All of these tasks will be carried out using the open source, free-to-use EPrints software used in REAL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cikkünkben a tudományos szakkönyvtárak egy különleges, a kutatás, a kutatásmenedzsment és a könyvtár szempontjait összekapcsoló szolgáltatását, a repozitóriumokat tárgyaljuk. Úgy véljük, a repozitóriumok fontos, mással nem helyettesíthető rendszerek, melyekre a jövőben még az eddigieknél is jobban szükség lesz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2013, information entitled „Parazita folyóiratok (predatory journals)” was published on the MTMT (Hungarian National Scientific Bibliography) portal. As this summary has not been published in a journal, and most of its main findings are relevant even today, the list is (re)published, together with a state-of-theart review of predatory journals today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trustworthiness of news published on the internet is a popular subject of study by researchers. The authors describe a possible method for establishing the reliability of pieces of news in the subject areas of science and related areas (such as health and medicine). Inserting background information (authors and place of publication of the original scientific publication, data of organizations or institutions responsible for achieving the findings; i.e. provenience information) among the metadata of articles provides a chance for building out reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rubber modified bitumen 45/80-55 (RMB 45/80-55) product has been used in Hungary as bituminous binder for asphalt mix production since 2013. It is a new kind of rubber bitumen manufactured using patented technology. Over the past 8 years, it has been used to construct or renovate more than 100 asphalt road sections. Originally RMB 45/80-55 was used to replace paving grade bitumen 50/70 in some road construction projects. However, asphalt laboratory results and road construction experience showed that its quality can also achieve or in terms of some parameters exceed that of asphalt mixtures manufactured with polymer modified bitumen 25/55-65 (PMB 25/55-65). Primarily, its excellent resistance to low temperatures and fatigue are outstanding, in this respect; it surpasses the results of asphalts made with polymer-modified bitumen. Its favourable fatigue resistance compensates for its lower stiffness; therefore, favourable results were obtained in the case of track structure design too in comparison with PMB. Considering the road construction benefits of this new type of rubber bitumen, as well as the support of the environmentally friendly recovery of waste tyres and fitting into a circular economy, a wider spread of the RMB product is realistically expected in the future.

There are two ways of implementing Open Access (OA): „green open access” or „gold open access” (the former means archiving in a repository, the latter making it immediately available by the publisher). It is a controversial issue which way is more easily viable: open access publishing may seem more efficient, while placing in a repository - more easily practicable (considering the opposition of business-oriented publishers). In practice, both ways are in use, although the number of articles published in repositories in the first decade of the 21st century was much higher than that published as open access (Gargouri et al., 2012). Some studies suggest that in the past ten years open access publishing increased faster than repositories (Archambault et al., 2014). According to the OUTSELL report, the number of open access journals increased by 39% from 2013 to 2014, the growth rate with hybrid journals made up 9%, while in case of pure subscription journals a decrease of 14% was experienced. In 2014 when 14 publishers were surveyed - including the biggest ones: Elsevier, Springer, Taylor & Francis and Wiley - the number of pure open access journals exceeded 1500, i.e. 13% of all journals published (OUTSELL, 2015). The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) contained in 2014 about 10 000 titles (Olijhoek et al., 2015). This difference in scale is due to the large number of indie (small, independent, published by institutions) journals. The main challenges faced by open access journals are related to operating „peer review” and to attracting authors. The threshold of starting new journals is fairly low from the technological and financial points, because a choice of free software - such as Open Journal Systems, OJS - is available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences provides a wide range of electronic library services, one of which is REAL (REpository of the Academy's Library, from 2009). The new service was created in accordance with the criteria of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI), using the EPnnts open-source software. The repository holds the final reports of the Hunganan Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) projects, and in a smaller number, research articles, under the URL: httpi/real.mtakhu. The sub-file named REAL-d (httpi/real- d.mtakhu) stores so-called complementary materials: thesis brochures, opinions of the jury, and relevant answers. The main experience of creating these repositories can be summarised as follows: great attention should be paid to the quality assurance of materials placed at the repositories, at least to those aspects, which belong to the competence of libraries: to adequate metadata, to credibility, format. It is of major significance that the necessary metadata are available, and contain as fe~ mistakes as possible. It Is also important to store unique identifiers (e.g. DOI). Metadata should figure not only in the database behind the repository, but also in the metadata fields of PDF files, as wall as in the test of the materials themselves, as articles and theses can be „tom away‟ from the repository-context: can be downloaded and printed, and the main metadata should even then accompany materials. The uploading of repositories with materials, content provision itself is also an important issue. It is inevitable that researchers show an increasing willingness to place their products in repositories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of bio-paraffins produced from waste is increasing nowadays. Bio-paraffins obtained from renewable sources can be used in cosmetics, pharmaceutical products, food industry, petrochemicals, lubricants and fuels. The aim of our research was the investigation of catalytic hydrogenation of pre-treated waste lard over different catalysts, such as, sulphided/non-sulphided CoMo/Al2O3 and NiMoP/Al2O3 to valuable bio-paraffin products. The effect of catalyst properties, process parameters – temperature: 300 – 360 °C, pressure: 4 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity: 1.0 – 3.0 h-1, hydrogen/feedstock volume ratio: 550 Nm3/m3 – on the yield and quality of the paraffin mixture was investigated. The catalytic hydrogenation experiments were carried out in a high-pressure reactor system, which contained a tubular down flow reactor with 100 cm3 effective volume. Based on the results, it was concluded that every catalyst is suitable for the production of bioparaffins from waste lard. Yield of main products changed in function of catalyst compositions at favourable process parameters (temperature: 345 °C, liquid hourly space velocity: 1.0 h-1): sulphided NiMoP/Al2O3 (75.1 %) > sulphided CoMo/Al2O3 (71.1 %) > non-sulphided NiMoP/Al2O3 (69.2 %) > non-sulphided CoMo/Al2O3 (67.0 %). Paraffin mixtures with relatively high isoparaffin content (8.9 %) were obtained over non-sulphided CoMo/Al2O3.

The use of renewable energy sources is continuously growing worldwide. The demand for alternative fuel components from renewable sources in Europe is also increasing. To ensure economically sustainable transport and shipping, it is inevitable that the production of alternative fuels from waste sources will be increased. The aim of this research work was to produce high quality, alternative components containing diesel fuel and to study the hydrogenation and the interaction among the different compounds of the waste polyolefin cracking fraction (10 %), waste fatty acid fraction (10, 20 and 30 %) and the high sulphur gas oil. The catalytic conversion of the mixtures was carried out on a commercial, sulphided NiMo/Al2O3P catalyst. High-quality diesel fuel component with high hydrogen content (13.65 %), high cetane number (57.0) and reduced expected emissions was produced under the favourable process parameters (temperature: 360 °C, hydrogen/hydrocarbon volume ratio: 600 Nm3/m3, pressure: 50 bar, and liquid hourly space velocity: 1.0 h-1). The obtained product is more environmentally friendly than conventional diesel fuels and can contribute to reduce the amount of landfilled wastes.

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Fuel production from different alternative sources becomes more and more important. One of the sustainable solutions is its production from waste lards (what are proven renewable sources) via different catalytic processes. During our experimental work we studied the catalytic transformation possibilities of (partially) pre-treated waste lard (product from protein plant) and rapeseed oil mixture to fuels. Esterification of fatty acids and following transesterification of triglycerides to fatty acid-methyl-esters (FAME) on acidic ion exchange resin and with K-methylate was studied. The feedstock was converted to i-/n-paraffin mixture with hydrogenation (NiMo/Al2O3P) and isomerisation (Pt/SAPO-11/Al2O3). The effect of the process parameters on the yield and quality of the products were studied. The obtained product yield approached the theoretical yield – FAME: 85 – 86 %, isoparaffin mixture: 84 – 86 % - in case of 30 % pre-treated waste lard containing rapeseed oil feedstock. The quality properties of the isoparaffin mixture were much better. Besides that, in case of i-/n-paraffin mixture with wide boiling range could be fractionated partially to jet fuel and diesel fuel (satisfying the standards ASTM D-7566-13 and EN 590:2017). These fractions could be excellent blending components of these fuels (adapting product flexibility for market demands).

Internal combustion engines will play a major role in road transportation during the next decades. However, based on the legislative actions, the abatement of GHG emission is an important task in the production of future fuels. Waste and renewable based fuels can play an important role in the future. Though, there are many open questions in these fields. The main target in future is to develop new and economical technologies providing excellent quality advanced fuels, having low heteroatom, aromatic and olefin content. Nowadays, biodiesel is the most commonly used bio-component in diesel fuels. Bio gas oil is an alternative bio-fuel which can be produced from triglycerides/fatty acids by catalytic oxygen removal reactions. Diesel fuel blending components with bio-component can be obtained from the co-processing of fatty acids and different crude oil-based gas oil fractions. The aim of our experimental work was to monitor the long-term stability and performance of a commercial, sulphided NiMo/Al2O3P hydrotreating catalyst. We studied the catalytic hydrogenation of fatty acid mixture (5 %) and gas oil with high aromatic and sulphur content producing valuable diesel blending components. The effect of temperature, pressure and space velocity on the quality and quantity of the gas oil products were investigated in the long term tests. Based on the experimental results diesel fuel blending components with high hydrogen content can be economically produced in the studied catalytic system with minimal or negligible change in the activity of the catalyst after 472 h. The most favourable process parameters were the followings: P = 70 bar, T = 350 – 360 °C, LHSV = 1.2 – 1.5 h-1, at hydrogen/feedstock ratio = 400 Nm3/m3.

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The article summarises the developments - growth, software and hardware upgrades - of REAL (the repository of the Library and Information Centre of HAS). The Hungarian Academy of Sciences have issued an Open Access Mandate, effective from the beginning of 2013. The support functions performed by the Library and the repository regarding the Mandate are reviewed. The article outlines the connections of the repository with the Hungarian National Scientific Bibliography database (MTMT). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]