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Tricoordinate boron imparts near-infrared absorption/emission and unusual multi-stage changes in the photophysical properties to fluorescein dyes., Bora-fluoresceins (BFs), fluorescein analogues containing a tricoordinate boron atom instead of an oxygen atom at the 10-position of the fluorescein skeleton, were synthesized as a new family of fluorescein analogues. The deprotonated BFs exhibited absorption and fluorescence in the near-infrared region, which were significantly red-shifted relative to those of hitherto-known heteroatom-substituted fluorescein analogues on account of the orbital interaction between the tricoordinate boron atom and the fluorescein skeleton. BFs also showed multi-stage changes resulting from a Lewis acid–base equilibrium at the boron center in combination with a Brønsted acid–base equilibrium at the phenolic hydroxy group.

自由にクルマを使うことができない人たちが公共交通サービスの不十分な地域にいると、通院や買物など生活を支える上で不可欠な活動は実施される。一方、友人との交流や外食などの生活に潤いをもたらす「愉しみの活動」については潜在化する場合がある。本研究では、先ずこうした「愉しみの活動」の現状を把握する。次いで、人々の移動を支援する「バス」と憩いの場となる「せせらぎ（水路）」など身近な「都市の装置」との関係を分析する。さらに、多様な愉しみの活動と会話人数・会話時間との関係を把握することで、愉しみの活動の実態を会話人数や会話時間を通して評価する。その結果、複数種類の愉しみの活動を行うことや、自宅外で行う愉しみの活動の数が多いことが、生きがいの向上につながる可能性が確認できた。それらの愉しみの活動の中でも、「食事（外食）」「地域活動」「知人との交流」などで会話が増加することが確認できた。また、高台ではバスがあることで愉しみの活動が顕在化することや、せせらぎがあることでまちづくりへの参加意向が高くなり、生きがいにつながっている実態などが確認できた。, Even though those who are not able to be free to utilize a vehicle live their life in insufficient regions in terms of public transport services, it is necessary for them to fulfill activities to support their lives such as seeing a doctor regularly and going shopping. However, it is tended to be hidden for “pleasurable activities” such as interacting and eating out with friends, which enrich their lives. In this study, it is clarified the current situation of “pleasurable activities”. It is analyzed the relation to the equipment of urban functions, which include not only bus services for supporting people as their mobility but also artificial streams and waterfront for creating better amenity for people. Then, it is confirmed the relation between various pleasurable activities and an amount of interactions and time for conversation. Moreover, it is evaluated the nature of pleasurable activities throughout an amount of interactions and time for conversation. As a result, it is clarified a possibility to lead to improvement of living purpose because of not only having a various kind of pleasurable activities but also having a large quantity of pleasurable activities out of home. In particular, several pleasurable activities such as “eating out”, “community activities”, and “interacting with friends” encourage people to increase an amount of interactions and time for conversation. In addition, it is also clarified facts as followed. One is to reveal pleasurable activities because of bus services on hilltop residential areas. Another is to motivate people to participate community activities which lead to improvement of living purpose because of artificial streams and waterfront.