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Objetivo: Este artigo teve o objetivo de analisar a eficiência técnica da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica referente ao ano de 2020, pela comparação dos dados com os três anos anteriores. Em 2020, as instituições suspenderam as atividades acadêmicas presenciais como medida preventiva para evitar o contágio do Sars-CoV-2, vírus que causa a Covid-19. Metodologia: A pesquisa, com abordagem quantitativa, examinou 41 instituições entre 2017 e 2020 por meio do método da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA). Resultados: A eficiência técnica de 2018 foi a mais baixa entre os anos analisados, mas os números de 2020 são menos satisfatórios que os anos entre 2017 e 2019. Em 2020, 29,3% das instituições foram consideradas ineficientes ou com eficiência fraca. No entanto, em média, as unidades mantiveram o padrão de eficiência técnica registrado desde 2017. Contribuições do Estudo: Os resultados contribuem com a transparência das organizações públicas; com informações sobre a relação custo-benefício dos serviços públicos; identificam melhores práticas no uso de recursos públicos, que podem auxiliar a tomada de decisão de unidades ineficientes; e mostram que há necessidade de melhorias na gestão educacional.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal with cottonseed cake in the diet offered to Santa Inês sheep on their performance, carcass yield and economic viability. Thirty-two uncastrated male sheep (27.48 ± 4.96 kg and 12 months old) were distributed in a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments (replacement of 0, 14, 28 and 42% of soybean meal with cottonseed cake in dry matter basis) and 8 replications. The inclusion levels of cottonseed cake in their diet provided a reduction in performance, thoracic perimeter, body capacity (measured in vivo), slaughter body weight, hot and cold carcass weights, external length, rump perimeter, thoracic perimeter, carcass compactness index, and leg compactness index (p < 0.05). The weights of the left half carcass, shoulder, neck, loin, and leg were reduced with increasing levels of cottonseed cake in their diet (p < 0.05). The quadratic effect was observed for the rib weight and the yield (p < 0.05). Diets with cottonseed cake had lower total feed costs/animal, revenue, gross margin, and leveling price, and had a higher benefit/cost. Under experimental conditions, despite reducing the feed costs and presenting an improvement in the cost ratio benefit, the use of levels up to 42% of cottonseed cake in sheep diets is not recommended, as it negatively affects the animal performance, carcass weights, and commercial cuts.

Background Perturbation-based balance training (PBT) has shown promising, although diverging, fall-preventive effects; however, the effects on important physical, cognitive and sociopsychological factors are currently unknown. The study aimed to evaluate these effects on PBT at three different time points (post-training, 6-months and 12-months) in community-dwelling older adults compared with regular treadmill walking.Methods This was a preplanned secondary analysis from a randomised, controlled trial performed in Aalborg, Denmark, between March 2021 and November 2022. Community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 were randomly assigned to participate in four sessions (lasting 20 min each) of either PBT (intervention) or regular treadmill walking (control). All participants were assigned to four testing sessions: pretraining, post-training, 6-month follow-up and 12-month follow-up. At these sessions, physical, cognitive and sociopsychological measures were assessed.Results In total, 140 participants were randomly allocated to either the PBT or control group. Short-term (pretraining to post-training) between-group differences were seen for choice stepping reaction time (−49 ms, 95% CI −80 to −18), dual-task gait speed (0.05 m/s, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.09) favouring the PBT group. However, these improvements were not sustained at the 6-month and 12-month follow-up. No significant between-group differences were found in other physical, cognitive or sociopsychological factors.Conclusions This study showed that PBT, in the short term, improved choice stepping reaction time and dual-task gait speed among community-dwelling older adults. Yet, these improvements were not retained for 6- or 12-months. The healthy state of the study’s population may have imposed a ceiling effect limiting the ability to show any clinically relevant effects of PBT.Trial registration number NCT04733222.

Abstract In response to the challenge of recovering particles smaller than -0.45 microns in Mineral Processing, GAUSTEC® has significantly enhanced the Wet High Intensity Magnetic Separation (WHIMS) technology. By Extending the Height of the Magnetic Grooved Plate Matrix, a core component of Jones Magnetic Separator Technology, GAUSTEC® has raised the industry standards. For over fifty years, since the installation of the first Jones separator at VALE Cauê Mine in 1972, the standard matrix height has remained at 220 mm. The worldwide demand to reduce tailings prompted a team of researchers to look for new solutions to improve slimes recovery. After trying traditional methods and process variables it was decided to extend the matrices heights to increase the processing time inside the magnetic field. Evaluating four matrix heights, researchers found that doubling the standard height (2H) provided outstanding results. The 2H matrix recovered 2.5 times more mass from slimes compared to the standard 1H matrix height, in this study.

ABSTRACT: Substances produced by plants have huge importance regulating multiple functions as germination, development promoter/enhancer, yield increaser and activator of plant defense system against diseases and pests. Due to diversity, each plant species produces different compounds and in different concentrations. This research evaluated the role of 20 plants extracts obtained from different plant species or plant tissues on seed germination and seedlings establishment of maize and lettuce, in concentration of 5%, 10% or 20%. For this, two experiments were carried out, the first analyzing 20 plant extracts and the effects on germination percentage and root and shoot length based on the germination test for the two species. The second was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design with three and ten repetitions for maize and lettuce, respectively, using only the three extracts with the best results from the first experiment. Seedling height and seedling dry matter were evaluated. To germination test most of extracts showed negative or no effects in both species. Only Conyza bonariensis at 5% and Richardia brasiliensis at 5% and 20% had positive effects on early seedling growth, increasing the seedlings length for maize seedlings. To seedlings establishment, Conyza bonariensis, Leucaena leucocephala and Richardia brasiliensis extracts did not show statistical difference to shoots height but increased the dry mass of shoots and roots. The results demonstrated that these plants extract have potential as growth promoters and can be a good option to a better seedling growth and establishment, collaborating to a more effective agriculture.

ABSTRACT The use of corn hybrids adapted to the soil and climate conditions of the cultivation region under adequate optimum plant density is a determining factor for the maximization of grain yield. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the productivity of corn hybrids under two sowing densities during the 2020/21 crop season in the medium-high Uruguay region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The corn hybrids AS1555 PRO3, B2401 PWU, B2418 VYHR, B2612 PWU, BG7061 YHR, DKB235 PRO3, NS45 VIP3, NS73 VIP3, NS80 VIP3, P2501, P3016 VYHR, P3565 PWU and 30F53 VYHR were submitted to densities of 66,667 and 88,889 plants ha-1, in a randomized block design with ten replications. Corn hybrids showed superior grain yield when subjected to the density of 88,889 plants ha-1 in the medium-high Uruguay region of Rio Grande do Sul, surpassing in most cases the state and national average yield of harvest 2020/21. Most of the corn hybrids used present potential for cultivation at higher sowing density than their respective recommendations. Considering the superior productivity of hybrids NS80 VIP3, B2401 PWU and NS73 VIP3, their cultivation under conditions similar to those of the study is recommended.

This paper presents a comparative analysis between Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and Lafayette, Louisiana, United States. These two cities share a strong historical connection with extractive industries and are experiencing dynamics of reconfiguration of their economic functions towards a digital economy. Nova Lima has a rich mining heritage, while Lafayette is known for its oil and gas sector. The study examines the sociocultural and symbolic capitals of these spaces, aiming to identify relevant assets for the creation and support of environments conducive to digital economy activities. Using Bourdieu’s theory of practice, the article offers valuable insights into strategies that could be employed by Nova Lima and Lafayette to position themselves as attractive hubs for investments and ventures in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. In this regard, the unique economic, historical, and sociodemographic contexts of the two cities and their implications on the ongoing transformation dynamics are analyzed. Furthermore, the sociocultural and symbolic capitals present in Nova Lima and Lafayette are investigated, highlighting possibilities for their unique application in fostering new businesses and ventures. To this end, a comparative qualitative research approach was used, developed through the case study method. The collected data, through documentary analysis, on-site visits, and semi-structured and in-depth interviews, were subsequently subjected to content analysis by category. The comparative analysis aims to provide contributions to policymakers, urban planners, entrepreneurs, and business leaders of spaces facing the challenges of economic transformation for business environment of the digital era.

Abstract Phosphorus (P) imbalances are a recurring issue in cultivated soils with pastures across diverse regions. In addition to P deficiency, the prevalence of excess P in soil has escalated, resulting in damage to pasture yield. In response to this reality, there is a need for well-considered strategies, such as the application of silicon (Si), a known element for alleviating plant stress. However, the influence of Si on the morphogenetic and chemical attributes of forage grasses grown in various soils remains uncertain. Consequently, this study aimed to assess the impact of P deficiency and excess on morphogenetic and chemical parameters, as well as digestibility, in Zuri guinea grass cultivated in Oxisol and Entisol soils. It also sought to determine whether fertigation with nanosilica could mitigate the detrimental effects of these nutritional stresses. Results revealed that P deficiency led to a reduction in tiller numbers and grass protein content, along with an increase in lignin content. Conversely, P excess resulted in higher proportions of dead material and lignin, a reduced mass leaf: stem ratio in plants, and a decrease in dry matter (DM) yield. Fertigation with Si improved tillering and protein content in deficient plants. In the case of P excess, Si reduced tiller mortality and lignin content, increased the mass leaf:stem ratio, and enhanced DM yield. This approach also increased yields in plants with sufficient P levels without affecting grass digestibility. Thus, Si utilization holds promise for enhancing the growth and chemical characteristics of forage grasses under P stress and optimizing yield in well-nourished, adapted plants, promoting more sustainable pasture yields.

The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and production characteristics and the quality of forage sorghum for silage production, using a moisture-retaining polymer (MRP) in the soil during the agricultural off-season. To assess the agronomic characteristics of the forage sorghum, four treatments were used, represented by the MRP hydration intervals (Control, 0, 5, and 10 days) and four replications. The qualitative characteristics of the silage were evaluated in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, and the same MRP hydration intervals were used for the agronomic assessment, with and without the concentrate mixture at the time of ensiling, both in a randomized block design. There were differences (p < 0.05) for all morphological variables, agronomic variables, and weight constituents of forage sorghum. There was an interaction effect (p < 0.05) between the MRP hydration intervals and the concentrate mixture at the time of ensiling for gas losses, silage dry matter recovery, and ether extract. There was an effect (p < 0.05) due to the addition of the concentrate mixture at the time of ensiling for in vitro dry matter digestibility and total digestible nutrients. When using MRP at planting and the concentrate mixture at the time of forage sorghum ensiling, a hydration interval of every 5 days is recommended.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the impact of supplementing quail diets with organic selenium (Se) at various concentrations and inorganic Se on performance, egg quality, and storage time under different conditions. In the performance trial, 360 quail aged 27 weeks were included in a completely randomized design comprising six treatments: Basal Diet; 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 ppm of organic Se; and 0.60 ppm of inorganic Se, supplemented “on top” of the basal diet. Six replications were used, each with 10 birds per experimental unit. For the evaluation of storage time and conditions, 720 quail eggs were employed in a completely randomized design. The design featured a 6×5×2 factorial arrangement consisting of six treatments derived from the performance trial, five storage times (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days), and two storage forms (refrigerated and non-refrigerated). Each replication contained one egg, totaling 12 replications. Results indicated no significant effect of organic or inorganic Se supplementation in the diets on performance or egg quality. However, Se concentration increased linearly in eggs from quail fed increasing levels of this nutrient. Selenium supplementation affected storage time and egg quality under refrigerated and room-temperature conditions. In conclusion, on-top Se supplementation at concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 0.60 ppm, whether in organic or inorganic forms, does not impact quail performance. Nevertheless, it leads to increased Se deposition in eggs, contributing to the maintenance of egg quality throughout the storage period.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary inclusion of babassu oil (BO) associated with sunflower oil (SO) on feeding behavior, water intake, and physiological parameters of feedlot lambs. Thirty-five castrated male lambs (16.6 kg ± 3.9 kg) were distributed in a randomized block design with 5 treatments (diets) and 7 replications. The tested diets were oil-free diet (OF), 45 g/kg BO (BO), 30 g/kg BO with an additional 15 g/kg SO (1.5 SO), 22.5 g/kg BO with an additional 22.5 g/kg SO (2.25 SO), and 30 g/kg SO with an additional 15 g/kg BO (3.0 SO) on dry matter (DM) basis. The experimental period lasted 60 days. Animals that received BO diet and the combination of BO with SO had lower intakes of DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) compared to the control diet (P

The use of babassu agro-industrial residues in animal feed, in addition to being an economic option of great importance in reducing the environmental impact in regions of the Brazilian Cerrado, provides the production of good quality foods of animal origin due to its nutritional characteristics. However, information related to the nutritional components of babassu by-industrial residues has not yet been sufficiently explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential of some by-products from the babassu production chain through chemical composition and in situ degradability analyses. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, with 4 by-products from babassu processing (cake, greasy, fine flour, and 95 µm flour) and 5 replications. The by-products differ in terms of chemical composition, except for the hemicellulose content. For the degradability of fraction “a” of dry matter, it presented a higher percentage for 95 µm flour. Fine flour and 95 µm flour presented the highest fractions “b” and “c,” potential, and effective degradability of dry matter. For the degradation of crude protein, the highest percentages of potential and effective degradability were observed for greasy and 95 µm flour. The highest standardized potentially degradable fraction and the highest passage rate were obtained by 95 µm flour, which also showed greater degradation for dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber. Among the by-products studied, the babassu cake has superior chemical composition; however, the 95 µm flour presented nutritional value and satisfactory rumen degradation to be used as an additive or in partial replacement of traditional concentrates.

RESUMO As habilidades sociais têm importante papel na vida escolar e profissional. Este estudo, de natureza descritiva e correlacional, analisa os efeitos de um Curso de extensão intitulado "Imersão na Universidade: você protagonista do seu futuro”, sobre as habilidades sociais de estudantes do Ensino Médio da rede pública. Para tanto, aplicou-se o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais em Adolescentes (IHSA-DelPrette) no momento inicial e três meses após o término do curso, considerando dois indicadores: (1) frequência e (2) dificuldade com que reagiam às diferentes demandas de interação social. Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre os escores pré e pós intervenção (p = 0,014), evidenciando aumento da frequência das habilidades. Para a dificuldade não foi observada diferença significante, embora tenha ocorrido uma diminuição de 13,45%. A universidade pode ser um espaço não apenas para capacitação analítica e instrumental, mas para o desenvolvimento interpessoal tanto da comunidade interna quanto externa.

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre os aspectos da Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação e a Tecnologia Assistiva no processo de inclusão educacional da Pessoa com Deficiência. Seu contexto é constituído dos aspectos extraído durante os desdobramentos da tese de doutorado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe defendida em julho de 2021. A proposta do uso das tecnologias está na capacidade de potencializar o aprendizado e a inclusão no ambiente escolar. Dessa forma, o professor que atuará com as tecnologias na escola, deve conhecê-las e saber como utilizá-las. Por isso a importância dos recursos utilizados, aqui se destacam a TA, que deve ser vista como aliada na efetivação e promoção da interação do aluno com deficiência e seu desenvolvimento. É necessário elucubrar sobre os aspectos, no sentido de compreender a pessoa com deficiência como ser humano que possui impedimento de longo prazo de natureza física, mental, intelectual ou sensorial, o que, em interação com uma ou mais barreiras, pode obstruir sua participação plena e efetiva na sociedade em igualdade de condições com as demais pessoas, considerando os aspectos fundamentais. É por esses e outros motivos que a evolução da tecnologia revela, a cada momento de sua história, uma profunda interação entre os incentivos e as oportunidades que favorecem as inovações tecnológicas e as condições socioculturais.

The present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of essential oils from species of the Myrcia genus and their applications. The compiled results highlight the chemical diversity and biological activities of these oils, emphasizing their potential importance for various therapeutic and industrial applications. The findings reveal that Myrcia essential oils present a variety of bioactive compounds, such as monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, which demonstrate antimicrobial activities against a range of microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as yeasts. Furthermore, this study highlights the phytotoxic activity of these oils, indicating their potential for weed control. The results also point to the insecticidal potential of Myrcia essential oils against a range of pests, showing their viability as an alternative to synthetic pesticides. Additionally, species of the genus Myrcia have demonstrated promising hypoglycemic effects, suggesting their potential in diabetes treatment. This comprehensive synthesis represents a significant advancement in understanding Myrcia essential oils, highlighting their chemical diversity and wide range of biological activities. However, the need for further research is emphasized to fully explore the therapeutic and industrial potential of these oils, including the identification of new compounds, understanding of their mechanisms of action, and evaluation of safety and efficacy in different contexts.

Nitrogen (N) holds a prominent position in the metabolic system of plants, as it is a main constituent of amino acids, which are the basic building blocks of proteins and enzymes. Plants primarily absorb N in the form of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−). However, most plants exhibit severe toxicity symptoms when exposed to NH4+ as the sole N source. Addressing NH4+ stress requires effective strategies, and the use of silicon (Si) has shown promising results. However, there is a lack of underlying studies on the impact of NH4+ toxicity on C:N:P stoichiometric balance and the role of Si in these ratios. In this study, we explored the effects of varying NH4+ concentrations (1, 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30 mmol L−1) on the C:N:P stoichiometry and yield of beetroot in hydroponic conditions. Additionally, we investigated whether the application of Si (2 mmol L−1) could mitigate the detrimental effects caused by toxic NH4+ levels. The experiment followed a randomized block design based on a 5 × 2 factorial scheme with four replicates. Results revealed that in the presence of Si, both [N] and [P] significantly increased in shoots and roots, peaking at 15 mmol L−1 of NH4+ in the nutrient solution. While shoot [C] remained stable, root [C] increased with NH4+ concentrations of 22.5 and 30 mmol L−1, respectively. Moreover, shoot and root [Si] increased with higher NH4+ levels in the nutrient solution. The findings underscored homeostatic instability under the highest NH4+ levels, particularly in plants cultivated without Si in the nutritive solution, leading to a reduction in both shoot and root dry matter production.

Abstract Silicon (Si) nanoparticles can attenuate nutritional disorders caused by phosphorus in forages through nutritional homeostasis. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of P deficiency and toxicity in Megathyrsus maximus cultivated in two types of soils and to verify whether Si application via fertigation can mitigate these imbalances. The following two experiments were carried out: cultivation of forage plants in pots with Entisol and Oxisol, in a 3 × 2 factorial design, with three nutritional levels of phosphorus (deficient, adequate, and excessive) and two Si concentrations in the irrigation water (0 and 1.5 mmol L−1). Height, number of tillers, rate of leaf senescence, dry matter production, C:N, C:Si, C:P, and N:P ratios; and C, P, and N use efficiencies were evaluated in two growth cycles. P imbalances hampered carbon assimilation, C:N:P homeostasis, and dry matter production. Nanosilica fertigation promoted silicon uptake, improving C:N:P homeostasis and nutritional efficiency in plants under P deficiency and toxicity. Leaf senescence was reduced with addition of Si in plants grown in Oxisol in the three nutritional states of P. Silicon attenuated the stress caused by P toxicity in Entisol and Oxisol, improving production in plants without nutritional stress in Oxisol. The supply of Si nanoparticles in the cultivation of M. maximus can contribute to a more efficient and sustainable use of phosphorus in pastures.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, water balance and growth performance of lambs receiving diets containing cactus silage under an intermittent water supply. Thirty-six male, uncastrated Santa Inês lambs with an initial weight of 19.8 ± 2.1 kg and age of 6 months were distributed in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, with three proportions of cactus pear in the diets (0 (control diet containing Tifton hay), 21% and 42% of dry matter) and three periods of intermittent water supply (0, 24 and 48 h), with four repetitions. Lambs that received diets non-isonitrogenous with cactus silage showed higher intakes of dry matter (p < 0.001), total digestible nutrients (p < 0.001), water excretion via faeces (p < 0.001) and water balance (p < 0.001). Lambs that received diets with cactus silage showed higher digestibility of total carbohydrates, non-fibre carbohydrates (p = 0.005), water intake via food (p < 0.001), total water intake (p < 0.001), water excretion via urine (p < 0.001) and water balance (p < 0.05), when compared to the control diet. Lambs that received diets with cactus silage promoted growth performance (p = 0.001). When using 42% forage cactus silage in place of Tifton hay and water offered at 48 h intervals, intake, digestibility, and performance of feedlot lambs were improved.

Resumo O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar pontos de intersecções e contrastes entre o Machado de Assis crítico teatral e o contista. Como ele acreditava que o jornal e o teatro estavam a serviço da instrução moral, é possível aproximar e distanciar o crítico do contista em um momento em que praticamente exerceu as duas atividades: de 1862 a 1864 como censor, e de 1864 em diante no Jornal das Famílias. Para isso, o estudo inicia-se com a comparação da carta-programa do Jornal das Famílias com as regras estabelecidas pelo Conservatório Dramático Brasileiro e, posteriormente, com os dezesseis pareceres de Machado no cargo de censor, de forma a observar-se como o conceito de moralidade e os valores dela foram construídos.

Neste artigo objetivamos investigar as concepções a respeito da preservação água presente nos documentos oficiais, e em uma coleção de livros didáticos de Ciências, a fim de verificar quais conteúdos relacionados ao tema estão sendo propostos para serem discutidos em sala de aula. O material analisado é o utilizado por uma escola municipal da região noroeste do Paraná, e que faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre o tema. A investigação possui caracter qualitativo e sua análise documental. Como resultados obteve-se que as concepções estão relacionadas a sua importância, uso, contaminação ou poluição, escassez e direito ao acesso.

Abstract The effect of different proportions of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) silage (CPS) and intermittent water supply (IWS) to crossbreed goats' diets on carcass traits and meat quality were evaluated. The IWS caused a reduction (p = 0.03) in the percentage of leg fat in the animals. The rib eye area, carcass weight, and physical–chemical characteristics were not affected (p > 0.05) by the CPS or IWS. The IWS reduced (p = 0.04) the elongase enzyme activity. The CPS inclusion in the diet reduced C22:0 (p = 0.01), some branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA), C20:1 (p = 0.03), c13-C18:1 (p = 0.01) fatty acids. Therefore, in situations of water scarcity, an intermittent water supply of up to 48 h and diets with up to 42% cactus pear silage, can be adopted in goat feedlot, without affecting carcass traits and meat quality.

Introdução: A história da capoeira está conectada à história do Brasil. A movimentação da capoeira foi inspirada nos animais sendo forma de defesa do povo escravizado. Os ataques, defesas e floreios exigem de capacidades motoras como agilidade, velocidade e potência do capoeirista. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre características de desempenho físico em adolescentes capoeiristas. Objetivo: Correlacionar o desempenho funcional de agilidade, velocidade e potência de membros inferiores de adolescentes capoeiristas. Materiais e métodos: Vinte e um jovens do sexo masculino praticantes de capoeira com idade de 16,5±1,3 anos participaram do estudo. Foram utilizados os testes de shuttle run (SR) para avaliar a agilidade, corrida de 50 metros (C50) para velocidade e salto horizontal (SH) para potência de membros inferiores. Estatísticas com média, desvio padrão e correlação de Spearman foram adotadas (p

The aim was to evaluate the chemical composition, carbohydrates, protein fractionation and in vitro gas production of silages composed of spineless cactus and tropical forages and their effect on sheep performance. Treatments consisted of silages: corn silage (CS), spineless cactus silage (SCS), spineless cactus + gliricidia (SCG), spineless cactus + buffel grass silage (SCBG) and spineless cactus + pornunça (SCP). Silos were opened 60 days after ensiling, and analyses were carried out. The digestibility test lasted for 36 days, with eight animals per treatment. A completely randomized design was adopted. Considering carbohydrate fractionation, CS, SCS and SCBG silages had higher total carbohydrate content (p = 0.001). The SCS silage presented a higher A + B1 fraction (p = 0.001). The SCBG and SCG silages showed a higher B2 fraction (p < 0.0001) compared to the CS and SCS silages. The SCBG and SCP silages presented a higher C fraction (p = 0.001). For protein fractionation, the SCP and SCG silages showed higher crude protein contents (p = 0.001). The CS and SCS silages showed a higher A fraction (p = 0.001). The SCBG silage presented a higher B1 + B2 fraction (p = 0.001). The SCG silage showed a higher B3 fraction (p = 0.006) compared to SCBG silage. The SCS and SCP silages showed a higher C fraction (p = 0.001). Exclusive SCS silage showed higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (p = 0.001), dry matter degradability (p = 0.001) and total gas production (p = 0.001). The use of the SCBG, SCP and SCG silages to feed sheep increased the dry matter intake (p < 0.001). Sheep fed the SCG silage showed greater dry matter and crude protein digestibility compared to the sheep fed the CS, SCS and SCP silages (p = 0.002). There was a higher water intake (p < 0.001) with the use of the SCS and SCG silages to feed the sheep. The SCP and SCG silages provided a greater intake (p < 0.001) and excretion (p < 0.001) of nitrogen by the animals. Although there were no differences between the treatments for daily gains, lambs that received the spineless cactus-based silage associated with tropical forages showed higher gains (160–190 g/day) than lambs that received CS silage (130 g/day). Thus, the use of spineless cactus associated with buffelgrass, pornunça and gliricidia to prepare mixed silages (60:40) to feed sheep has potential use to feed sheep, with positive effects on nutrient degradation and increases in dry matter intake. Under experimental conditions, we recommend the exclusive use of spineless cactus silage associated with buffel grass, pornunça and gliricidia in feeding sheep in semi-arid regions, as it provides nutrients, water and greater daily gains compared to corn silage.

Cactus pear is used in large proportions in diets for small ruminants in semiarid regions. However, its exclusive use is not recommended due to the low fiber and crude protein content and the high water and mineral content, leading to metabolic disorders, low dry matter intake, and weight loss. The use of mixed cactus silage associated with protein and fibrous sources seeks to overcome the deficits in dry matter, fiber and crude protein, aiming to improve the nutritional quality of the diets that will be offered to ruminants. Thus, the use of gliricidia hay in cactus pear silages could represent an important alternative to improve the nutritional and fermentative characteristics of the ensiled material. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the fermentation dynamics, nutritional characteristics, and aerobic stability of mixed silages of cactus pear combined with different levels of gliricidia hay. This was a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and five repetitions. The treatments consisted of different levels of inclusion of gliricidia hay (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% on a dry matter basis) in the composition of mixed cactus pear silages. The inclusion of gliricidia hay in the composition of mixed silages of cactus pear resulted in a quadratic effect for dry matter recovery, pH, NH3-N, buffering capacity, aerobic stability, ether extract, P, K, Na, and Zn (p < 0.05). There was a reduction in density, effluent losses, maximum pH, mineral matter, non-fiber carbohydrates, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn (p < 0.05), and an increase in the time to reach maximum pH as well as an upward trend in pH, dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and B (p < 0.05). Under experimental conditions, the inclusion of gliricidia hay between 20 and 30% in cactus pear-based silage provided an improvement to the chemical composition and fermentation parameters of the silages.

Feedlot finishing of goats is a growing practice, but the economic viability of this technology is compromised by the inclusion of ingredients such as corn and soybean. An alternative to minimize this barrier is the use of agroindustry coproducts as substitutes for those ingredients, such as crude glycerol. This study aimed to evaluated the metabolism of crossbred Boer finishing goats fed diets containing crude glycerin from biodiesel production. Thirty-two crossbred, castrated goat of age were distributed in a fully randomized experimental design with four treatments and eight replicates. The experiment lasted 69 days, and goats were fed sorghum silage and concentrate, with the inclusion of crude glycerin in the diet at levels of 0, 50, 100, and 150 g/kg on a dry matter basis. The diets did not have an effect (p > 0.05) on the serum urea levels. Increasing dietary crude glycerin levels did not the influence the metabolic or urinary profiles (p > 0.05). The liver tissue of the goats fed diets containing the highest crude glycerin inclusion levels showed deleterious effects. The inclusion of crude glycerin with approximately 6.6 g/kg methanol caused deleterious effects to the liver tissue of Boer crossbred goats as the glycerin concentrations increased. However, glycerin levels did not cause deleterious effects on the liver tissue or on the serum or urinary profiles. The use of crude glycerin with lower methanol content is recommended for goat diets.

Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated to restore homeostasis and protect the individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by the host to deal with the pathogen: resistance or tolerance. The nature of the responses often differs between species and between individuals of the same species. Resistance includes innate and adaptive immune responses to control virus replication. Disease tolerance relies on the immune response allowing the coexistence of infections in the host with minimal or no clinical signs, while maintaining sufficient viral replication for transmission. Here, we compared the virome of bats, rodents and migratory birds and the molecular mechanisms underlying symptomatic and asymptomatic disease progression. We also explore the influence of the host physiology and environmental influences on RNA virus expression and how it impacts on the whole brain transcriptome of seemingly healthy semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) and spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularius). Three time points throughout the year were selected to understand the importance of longitudinal surveys in the characterization of the virome. We finally revisited evidence that upstream and downstream regulation of the inflammatory response is, respectively, associated with resistance and tolerance to viral infections.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with lyophilised and/or activated Lactobacillus buchneri on lactic acid bacteria populations in corn silage. Experimental treatments consisted of corn silage without additives or silage with the inoculants of L. buchneri (1 x 105 cfu/g) applied according to the manufacturer’s recommendations (1 g/tonne fodder) in the forms of the lyophilised inoculant and pre-activated inoculant. Purified isolates from corn silage with and without the inoculant were identified, and 93% of the isolates corresponded to the lactic acid bacteria of the species Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the isolates, no bacteria of the species L. buchneri were detected. The application of lyophilised or activated L. buchneri improved the microbiological profile and reduced ethanol production in corn silage, even without being identified among the isolates captured 70 days after ensilage. Highlights: • Lactic acid bacteria showed greater development at 7 days of fermentation. • Lactobacillus plantarum predominated at 70 days, representing 93% of the total LAB population. • Lactobacillus buchneri improved its microbiological profile with decreased ethanol production.

Este estudo tem por objetivo traçar um panorama referente à disponibilidade e utilização de tecnologias digitais na educação básica durante a pandemia da COVID-19 e analisar as políticas educacionais no âmbito da rede pública brasileira de ensino. Os resultados da análise documental evidenciaram diferenças entre o uso de internet por estudantes das escolas públicas e privadas, devido à correlação entre o acesso às tecnologias digitais e à renda familiar. Além disso, marcantes desigualdades educacionais regionais e territoriais foram observadas, por exemplo, entre o Nordeste e o Sul e entre espaço rural e urbano. Os dados mostraram que cerca de um milhão de alunos da rede pública de Ensino Médio não teve acesso à internet em 2019, o que dificultou estabelecer um ensino remoto nas unidades educacionais públicas em 2020. A situação é ainda mais alarmante porque não visualizaram políticas públicas para ampliar e assegurar a oferta dos recursos educacionais digitais e promover uma educação para todos.

Some didactic books used in the field of Youth and Adult Education (YAE) in Brazil, when dealing with everyday issues, identify the common theme with a moral code. In the analysis presented here, the theme of honesty is highlighted. Based on an evidential and discursive research, which included a historical review on the topic of honesty in Brazil, we selected from the materiality composed by these textbooks seven discursive sequences derived from this zone of meanings about honesty. Our aim was to analyse who this subject is, what place the book constructs and what sayings and imaginary formations in this semantic and discursive universe conceal the ideological evidence of a moral code. We conclude that this option, as we also indicated in the discursive sequences analysed here, indicates that the YAE didactic books analysed assume that the YAE subject-student is immersed in a lack of knowledge to be circumvented and resolved by means of a prior selection, a label for which the textbook guarantees a refuge in order to approach a moralisation. By accusing a YAE subject of morality and honesty, these textbooks subject him or her to the individual form of the ‘good subject’ of YAE.

Climate variability accounts for distinct seasonal differences in electricity demand and streamflow potential, which power systems rely on to assess available hydropower and to cool thermal power plants. Understanding the interactions between reservoir and power networks under varying climate conditions requires an integrated analysis of both systems. In this study, we develop Co-Optimization of Reservoir and Electricity Generation Systems (COREGS), a generalized, open-source, modeling framework that optimizes both systems with respect to reducing power generation costs using a multireservoir model (GRAPS) and an electricity system model (TEMOA). Three optimization schemes of varying degrees of model integration are applied to Tennessee Valley Authority’s reservoir and electricity systems for the summer and winters from 2003 to 2015. We find that co-optimization of the systems results in more efficient water allocation decisions than separate optimization. Co-optimization solutions reduce reservoir spill and allocate water for hydropower only when and where it is beneficial to the power system as compared to stand-alone water system optimization. As the penetration of solar and wind power continues to increase, power systems will be more reliant on flexible reliable generating services such as reservoir systems and co-optimization of both systems will become more essential for efficient seasonal planning and operation.

A filtração lenta é uma técnica de tratamento de água consolidada, na qual atuam mecanismos de filtração predominantemente biológicos. Essa técnica tem passado por diversos aperfeiçoamentos ao longo dos anos, seja em aspectos operacionais, de manutenção ou nas características/tipo do meio filtrante. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de filtros lentos recheados com resíduos na remoção de patógenos, e verificar seu potencial de restauração quando submetidos a pico de afluência de patógenos. Assim, foram operados seis filtros: filtro controle de areia (FC); com meio filtrante de fibras de coco (FFC); de areia com camada intermediária de fibras de coco (FIFC); com camada intermediária de maravalha (FIM); com camada intermediária de carvão vegetal (FICV); e com camada intermediária de resíduo cerâmico (FIRC). A operação dos filtros foi dividida em seis estágios; os quatros primeiros diferiam pelo tipo de água afluente aos filtros, o quinto foi caracterizado pela realização de descargas de fundo (DF) e o sexto pela mudança de local de coleta da água tratada. Não foi constatada restauração da qualidade da água efluente após poucos dias de operação, nem mesmo após as DF’s, assim a hipótese de contaminação do meio filtrante foi descartada, sendo a tubulação de saída a possível responsável pela contaminação da água. O desempenho do filtro controle foi superado por FFC e FIRC na remoção de coliformes totais; os filtros FC, FFC e FIRC apresentaram mesma remoção de coliformes termotolerantes; sobre a concentração de bactérias heterotróficas, somente FIM superou o FC. Por fim, a utilização de resíduos orgânicos como meio filtrante pode contribuir para dar maior estabilidade na remoção de patógenos.

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre os aspectos da gestão escolar enquanto rede de apoio indispensável nos aspectos da inclusão educacional. Justifica-se o estudo pela existência dos arcabouços legais que abordam o tema no Brasil e pelos desafios que a escola enfrenta no processo de inclusão educacional e as barreiras existentes quanto a matrícula, acesso, participação e permanência do aluno com deficiência na escola. A fim de cumprir os objetivos desta pesquisa, optou-se por utilizar de uma revisão de literatura, de caráter descritivo e qualitativo das análises textuais, de forma a apresentar uma perspectiva ampla sobre a temática e provocar reflexão crítica e construtiva sobre o tema. O referencial teórico utilizado se baseia em legislação vigente e análises de autores acerca do assunto abordado. As informações do texto foram atribuídas durante o percurso de doutoramento em educação, na relação professor aluno no curso de pedagogia em uma faculdade particular de Sergipe. Pensando em compreender o fluxo das demandas do público-alvo da Educação Especial, é necessário perceber e reconhecer as atribuições da escola no processo, em particular a atuação do gestor escolar. A gestão escolar possui finalidade de administração como um todo, para isso deve ser ordenada pela identificação das necessidades e particularidades de cada setor, favorecendo processos inclusivos nos aspectos das relações e desenvolvimento de atitudes, metodologias, avaliação e instrumentos que melhor incluam todos na escola.

Emerging and re-emerging viruses are a global health concern. Genome sequencing as an approach for monitoring circulating viruses is currently hampered by complex and expensive methods. Untargeted, metagenomic nanopore sequencing can provide genomic information to identify pathogens, prepare for or even prevent outbreaks. SMART (Switching Mechanism at the 5′ end of RNA Template) is a popular approach for RNA-Seq but most current methods rely on oligo-dT priming to target polyadenylated mRNA molecules. We have developed two random primed SMART-Seq approaches, a sequencing agnostic approach ‘SMART-9N’ and a version compatible rapid adapters available from Oxford Nanopore Technologies ‘Rapid SMART-9N’. The methods were developed using viral isolates, clinical samples, and compared to a gold-standard amplicon-based method. From a Zika virus isolate the SMART-9N approach recovered 10kb of the 10.8kb RNA genome in a single nanopore read. We also obtained full genome coverage at a high depth coverage using the Rapid SMART-9N, which takes only 10 minutes and costs up to 45% less than other methods. We found the limits of detection of these methods to be 6 focus forming units (FFU)/mL with 99.02% and 87.58% genome coverage for SMART-9N and Rapid SMART-9N respectively. Yellow fever virus plasma samples and SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal samples previously confirmed by RT-qPCR with a broad range of Ct-values were selected for validation. Both methods produced greater genome coverage when compared to the multiplex PCR approach and we obtained the longest single read of this study (18.5 kb) with a SARS-CoV-2 clinical sample, 60% of the virus genome using the Rapid SMART-9N method. This work demonstrates that SMART-9N and Rapid SMART-9N are sensitive, low input, and long-read compatible alternatives for RNA virus detection and genome sequencing and Rapid SMART-9N improves the cost, time, and complexity of laboratory work.

Among the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types, HTLV-1 is the most prevalent, and it has been linked to a spectrum of diseases, including HAM/TSP, ATLL, and hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis. There is currently no globally standard first-line treatment for HTLV-1 infection and its related diseases. To address this, a comprehensive review was conducted, analyzing 30 recent papers from databases PubMed, CAPES journals, and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The studies encompassed a wide range of therapeutic approaches, including antiretrovirals, immunomodulators, antineoplastics, amino acids, antiparasitics, and even natural products and plant extracts. Notably, the category with the highest number of articles was related to drugs for the treatment of ATLL. Studies employing mogamulizumab as a new perspective for ATLL received greater attention in the last 5 years, demonstrating efficacy, safe use in the elderly, significant antitumor activity, and increased survival time for refractory patients. Concerning HAM/TSP, despite corticosteroid being recommended, a more randomized clinical trial is needed to support treatment other than corticoids. The study also included a comprehensive review of the drugs used to treat disseminated strongyloidiasis in co-infection with HTLV-1, including their administration form, in order to emphasize gaps and facilitate the development of other studies aiming at better-directed methodologies. Additionally, docking molecules and computer simulations show promise in identifying novel therapeutic targets and repurposing existing drugs. These advances are crucial in developing more effective and targeted treatments against HTLV-1 and its related diseases.

Resumo O presente artigo versa sobre as musicovivências do reggae, enquanto estética musical que emerge das condições impostas pelos processos de colonização, racialização e subalternização na Jamaica. Busco discutir as relações estabelecidas entre os elementos de formação do estilo musical jamaicano e sua constituição como expressão do processo de (re)existências das populações afrodiaspóricas nas Américas. A metodologia de análise utilizada para consecução da pesquisa atrelou dois elementos: uma revisão de literatura, reconstituindo os processos sócio-históricos e culturais que serviram de base para a formação do reggae, e o seu intercruzamento com os elementos biográficos dos principais músicos de reggae jamaicano, entre as décadas de 1960 e 1980. Busca-se assim delimitar a peculiaridade da relação entre música reggae e o cotidiano periférico vivenciado pelos músicos na composição do reggae. Demonstro as condições e estratégias de produção de um estilo que considero outsider, em relação ao estilo estético ocidental.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo efficiency of commercial polymeric membranes for guided bone regeneration. Methods: Rat calvarial critical size defects was treated with LuminaCoat (LC), Surgitime PTFE (SP), GenDerm (GD), Pratix (PR), Techgraft (TG) or control (C-) and histomorphometric analysis determined the percentage of new bone, connective tissue and biomaterial at 1 or 3 months. Statistical analysis used ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test for means at same experimental time and the paired Student’s t test between the two periods, considering p < 0.05. Results: New bone at 1 month was higher for SP, TG and C-, at 3 months there were no differences, and between 1 and 3 months PR had greater increase growthing. Connective tissue at 1 month was higher for C-, at 3 months for PR, TG and C-, and between 1 and 3 months C- had sharp decline. Biomaterial at 1 month was higher for LC, in 3 months for SP and TG, and between 1 and 3 months, LC, GD and TG had more decreasing mean. Conclusions: SP had greater osteopromotive capacity and limitation of connective ingrowth, but did not exhibit degradation. PR and TG had favorable osteopromotion, LC less connective tissue and GD more accelerated biodegradation.

Partindo da classificação de Martin Puchner, apresentada no livro O mundo da escrita, publicado no Brasil em 2019, a qual faz distinção entre os textos fundamentais e os textos sagrados, este artigo volta à discussão sobre os critérios que regem essas classificações e chega à Bíblia, obra que tradicionalmente se coloca na prateleira dos textos sagrados. Então, pela apresentação e análise de novas edições dos textos bíblicos (edições que caracterizamos como laicas), perguntamos se tais iniciativas editoriais não representam um processo de dessacralização da Bíblia, atribuindo-lhe um novo rótulo que abre suas capas para leitores não vinculados às religiões tradicionais, mas que se interessam pelos clássicos.

Tomando como referência a noção de “contextos capacitantes” para a inovação, a pesquisa que subsidiou os resultados deste estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência de dimensões contextuais intervenientes no processo de inovação em organizações instaladas no Vale do Silício (Califórnia, Estados Unidos). A partir da condução de pesquisa qualitativa com base no método de estudo de casos, foi possível captar a visão de profissionais do Vale do Silício sobre como determinadas dimensões contextuais (especificamente, cultura, trabalho, estrutura, tecnologia e ambiente físico) influenciam o processo inovativo das organizações investigadas. Os resultados indicam que as dimensões cultural, do trabalho e do design organizacional foram as mais se sobressaíram nos relatos dos entrevistados, que revelam que tais condições afetam diretamente o nível de inovação gerado nas organizações. Os aspectos tecnológicos e físicos não apareceram de forma espontânea nas entrevistas como condições diretamente ligadas ao processo criativo, mas somente com influências indiretas na inovação, ao permitirem maior interação e comunicação entre indivíduos/equipes. Em termos de sua relevância, esse estudo se justifica ao investigar, a partir da perspectiva de agentes diretamente envolvidos no processo de inovação, histórias e experiências vivenciadas em ambientes inovadores, considerando ser o Vale do Silício umas das regiões mais proeminentes em termos de novas tecnologias no mundo. Pôde-se, então, compreender, de alguma forma, as implicações de diversas dimensões da organização (física, social, tecnológica, estrutural e simbólica) no processo inovativo.

Highlights Substantial mechanical energy will have returned by shoe integrated and that energy could be stored in the Muscle Tendon Units. Heel spring potentially changes energy exchange in the triceps surae. Running Economy is related to many factors such as running style and individually properties. Ankle joint kinematics can be altered which potentially affects energy return within the musculoskeletal system. Objective: Running economy (RE) is a performance variable for distance runners. It can be affected by parameters such as equipment, running technique and surface. It has been shown that substantial mechanical energy will return by shoe integrated and that energy could be stored in the Muscle Tendon Units (MTU). The purpose was to investigate the influence of three difference heel positions induced by insoles on lower limb muscular activity and VO2 and RE (performance variable) changes during steady state running. It was hypothesized that with decreasing heel spring a linear increase in RE would be observed. Methods: Fifteen healthy trained male runners were tested on a treadmill submaximal pace while surface electromyography (EMG) from nine muscles of leg and thigh, the VO2 by spirometry and kinematics by 2D video camera was measured. Subjects had to run in three insoles Up Heel (UH) (14 mm heel spring), Flat insole/Heel (FH) and negative spring (DH) (Down Heel) (forefoot 5 mm higher). Data were analyzed with a repeated- measures ANOVA for significant differences between shoe insoles (p

Este artículo analizó cómo la narrativa de Namíbia, Não!, texto teatral del actor y director baiano Aldri Anunciação, elabora un universo distópico en el que el cruce de temporalidades expone contradicciones del pasado, amplía la percepción sobre la violencia racial del presente y realiza proyecciones del futuro en que la hostilidad y las interdicciones se materializan en el espacio. Para eso, utiliza contribuciones de intelectuales como Grada Kilomba, en Memórias da Plantação: episódios de racismo cotidiano (2019), de Abdias do Nascimento, en Teatro Experimental do Negro: trajetória e reflexões (2004), de Leda Maria Martins, en Como respirar? (2020) y de Gregory Clayes, en Dystopia: A Natural History. A study of modern despotism, its antecedents, and its literary diffractions (2017).

The transition to the digital society attracts the attention of a growing group of scholars who seek to investigate the constraints of this new stage of the productive forces on urban interventions. From this context comes the motivation for this paper, which proposes to analyze findings of an empirical survey of data conducted in the North American city of Lafayette, with the objective of investigating a process of reconversion of its economic functions in the ongoing transition to the digital economy, with significant implications on the composition of the labor market, particularly in the commercial and services sectors. As a result, Lafayette's spatial distribution reflects striking aspects associated with historical, cultural, ethical and socioeconomic configurations. According to Bourdieu's theoretical framework, it also reflects in this way the habitus of the different social groups, as well as the way in which different capitals - economic, social, cultural and symbolic - are mobilized, aiming at the domain of the field.

Migrant birds prepare differently to fly north for breeding in the spring and for the flight to lower latitudes during autumn, avoiding the cold and food shortages of the Northern Hemisphere’s harsh winter. The molecular events associated with these fundamental stages in the life history of migrants include the differential gene expression in different tissues. Semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) are Arctic-breeding shorebirds that migrate to the coast of South America during the non-breeding season. In a previous study, we demonstrated that between the beginning and the end of the wintering period, substantial glial changes and neurogenesis occur in the brain of C. pusilla. These changes follow the epic journey of the autumn migration when a 5-day non-stop transatlantic flight towards the coast of South America and the subsequent preparation for the long-distance flight of the spring migration takes place. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the differential gene expressions observed in the brains of individuals captured in the autumn and spring windows are consistent with the previously described cellular changes. We searched for differential gene expressions in the brain of the semipalmated sandpiper, of recently arrived birds (RA) from the autumnal migration, and that of individuals in the premigratory period (PM) in the spring. All individuals were collected in the tropical coastal of northern Brazil in the mangrove region of the Amazon River estuary. We generated a de novo neurotranscriptome for C. pusilla individuals and compared the gene expressions across libraries. To that end, we mapped an RNA-Seq that reads to the C. pusilla neurotranscriptome in four brain samples of each group and found that the differential gene expressions in newly arrived and premigratory birds were related with neurogenesis, metabolic pathways (ketone body biosynthetic and the catabolic and lipid biosynthetic processes), and glial changes (astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron signaling, astrocyte differentiation, astrocyte cell migration, and astrocyte activation involved in immune response), as well as genes related to the immune response to virus infections (Type I Interferons), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF, and NF-κB), NLRP3 inflammasome, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and cell death pathways (pyroptosis- and caspase-related changes).

Apesar das bandas elásticas serem utilizadas em protocolos de treinamento para o controle de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, o seu efeito na modulação glicêmica de diabéticos ainda não está claro na literatura. Este estudo verificou o efeito de uma sessão aguda de treinamento de força com banda elástica na modulação glicêmica de indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2. Participaram deste estudo 10 DM2, com média de idade de 64,5 anos, média de diagnóstico do DM2 de 12,3 anos e tempo médio de participação no Programa de Exercício Físico Supervisionado para Diabéticos de 4,07 anos. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos randomizados, GEF (Grupo Exercício Físico com Bandas Elásticas) e GC (Grupo Controle). O GEF realizou uma sessão de treino de força com bandas elásticas, com oito exercícios, três séries de 15 repetições. O GC não realizou exercícios. Foi realizada a mensuração da glicemia capilar pré e pós-intervenção nos dois grupos. Foi realizado test t para avaliar a média da glicemia capilar pré e pós-intervenção. A comparação dos deltas de variação da glicemia capilar do GEF (49 mg/dL) e do GC (34 mg/dL), não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,2045); porém no GEF correu uma redução significativa na glicemia capilar (165 mg/dL para 116 mg/dL - p=0,0114), redução que não foi significativa no GC (156 mg/dL para 121 mg/dL - p=0,1726). Assim, observamos que o treino de força com bandas elásticas foi capaz de reduzir a glicemia capilar dos diabéticos, desta amostra, de forma aguda.

Carbon cycling processes on Earth are many and complex, and several continental and oceanic environments remain poorly studied. Consequently, major uncertainties affect carbon-cycling models which limit our ability to understand and predict climate dynamics. The first assessment of carbon sequestration for magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) was carried out in this study. MTB produce magnetosomes which are intracellular organelles containing nanometer-sized, membrane-bound magnetite crystals. These crystals are arranged into single or multiple chains within the cell, which enable MTB to align themselves along a magnetic field (magnetotaxis). MTB are well known in the biological sciences, and their magnetic remains are widely studied in earth sciences as magnetofossils. Rock magnetic techniques provide indirect and non-destructive identification of magnetosomes in a sample. It is very crucial to understand the magnetic response of different types of magnetosomes produced by distinct MTB species with varying concentrations. Magnetic properties of lysed and whole MTB cells, the cultured Magnetovibrio blakemorei strain MV-1T and Magnetofaba australis strain IT-1, with concentrations varying from 102 to 109 per sample are presented here. Magnetic properties of quantified bacterial magnetite depend largely on the quantity of MTB cells rather than on the bacterial species or cell type (lysed or whole). Magnetic values are significantly higher for the samples containing 107 cells or higher, FORC diagrams have no measurable magnetic fingerprint for the samples containing less than 107 cells. Therefore, unmeasurable magnetic signals may compromise detection of lower magnetic particle concentrations in a sample. This study estimates the carbon content of MTB cells and discusses its relationship to the global carbon cycle.

Introduction: Breast cancer has increased progressively in recent years, and with this, the need for diagnosis and earlier treatment has also increased. Currently, in Brazil, breast cancer accounts for 29.7% of cancer cases in women. The reconstruction of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) has focused on greater attention due to the search for symmetry and naturalness, which is the final stage of this whole process. The objective is to evaluate the maintenance of the size, contour, color, symmetry and shape change of reconstructed NAC after mastectomies associated with radiotherapy. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted analyzing the evolution of reconstructed areolas after total mastectomy associated with adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy. Two groups were selected: group 1 (unilateral reconstruction) and group 2 (bilateral reconstruction). Comparisons were made between the reconstructed NAC areola, group 1, with that of the contralateral NAC and in group 2, between the two reconstructed areolas Results: After the inclusion of 56 patients in the study, 71 reconstructed areolar complexes were included. Symmetry was classified as good in 77.46% of all cases (p=0.706). Twenty-five reconstructions were performed in areas under the effect of radiotherapy, and only 9 cases showed decreased areola size (p=0.050), evolving with an asymmetry in 8 cases, 4 in the radiotherapy region (p=0.706). The areolar contour showed a similarity between cases treated with radiotherapy and untreated (p=0.918). Conclusion: Adjuvant radiotherapy was a predisposing factor for changes that may arise during the postoperative period of reconstruction of the nipple-areolar complex, according to statistical analysis.

Este artículo se incluye en el ámbito de la Educación Ambiental, centrándose en la reflexión de los aspectos metodológicos que implican la inclusión de la emergencia climática en la enseñanza de las ciencias. El estudio se sumerge en el análisis de las posibles congruencias entre las ideas de Edgar Morin, más concretamente en su obra “Los siete saberes necesarios para la educación del futuro” y la problematización de la crisis climática en el contexto escolar, a partir de la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuáles son los temas clave a priorizar en la enseñanza de las ciencias para hacer frente a la emergencia climática? A partir de este estudio, proponemos “Los conocimientos necesarios para la educación sobre la crisis climática”: la ceguera y el conocimiento pertinente de la emergencia climática; la complejidad humana y ambiental; las incertidumbres sobre la crisis climática; y la identidad, la ética y la comprensión de la Tierra, necesidades urgentes para mitigar la crisis climática. En cuanto a la perspectiva metodológica, presentamos la “educomunicación científica” como una propuesta capaz de ayudar a los profesores a afrontar el problema con los alumnos. Pretendemos presentar una contribución oportuna al campo de la Educación Ambiental y la Educación para la Emergencia Climática, especialmente en lo que respecta al potencial del pensamiento complejo para un enfoque transdisciplinario del cambio climático

RESUMO O Material Particulado (MP) está entre os principais contaminantes do ar. A Infraestrutura Verde (IV) vem sendo reconhecida como alternativa para melhorar a qualidade do ar. As árvores podem afetar diretamente os níveis de MP, interceptando partículas em sua superfície. Devido a essa capacidade, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo contribuir com informações sobre a viabilidade da vegetação verde para interceptar e identificar as principais fontes de poluentes atmosféricos. Amostras de cascas de árvores de parques urbanos de São Paulo (SP) foram utilizadas como monitor biológico de poluentes atmosféricos. Foi observado um decaimento exponencial das concentrações e aprisionamento de poluentes em direção à região mais interna dos parques. Além disso, foi possível distinguir a emissão de veículos leves das emissões de veículos pesados. O baixo custo do monitoramento e sua eficácia mostram que a IV ocupa papel de destaque na melhoria da saúde e a qualidade de vida das pessoas, bem como nas ações que buscam atenuar os efeitos da poluição do ar em cidades de médio e grande porte.

Filtros lentos de areia (FL) são amplamente aplicados para tratar a água para uso potável. A remoção de contaminantes (matéria orgânica e microrganismos) ocorre principalmente na camada de biofilme, enriquecida de comunidade microbiana (CB), são ainda pouco compreendidos. O presente trabalho é uma revisão sistemática, com objetivo de analisar e identificar artigos sobre CB em FL, com base nas plataformas Scopus, Web of Science e ScienceDirect e retorno de 2496 artigos. Destes, apenas 22 satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão, analisados integralmente. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos identificou 10 filos, 20 gêneros e 6 técnicas de identificação (T). Assim, o estudo demonstrou a variedade de microrganismos e respectivas T, além de mostrar a necessidade de pesquisas com maior rigor de T e com evidências sobre a função de cada microrganismo.

O artigo mostra a análise de dois relatos de viajantes franceses que passaram pelo Brasil Colonial, nos séculos XVI (Jean de Léry) e XVII (Yves d’Évreux). Notou-se um jogo com a alteridade que fundamentou o objetivo principal de investigar de que modo as reflexões desses europeus sobre o cuidado indígena tupinambá veiculam discursos sobre as raízes da educação brasileira. Para isto, foram analisados recortes das duas obras conforme uma perspectiva histórico-discursiva. Concluímos que os modos dos indígenas tupinambás educarem os filhos são lidos pelos viajantes pelo paradigma do pecado, da conversão e da pureza (sacralidade e profano) do corpo social.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of ensiling sorghum silage with urea and amending the aerobic exposure nutrients intake and apparent digestibility, ingestive behaviour and blood serum metabolites of feedlot lambs. Forty uncastrated crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês lambs, aged 150 ± 15 days and with an initial body weight of 21.73 ± 2.40 kg, were used. Animals were assigned in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Thus, six silage diets were produced with various urea addition levels (UA: 0 and 5 g/kg on a natural matter basis) and periods of aerobic exposure of silages (PAE: 0, 24 and 48 h). An effect was observed for nutrient intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) and total digestive nutrients TDN (g/day) and for the total apparent digestibility of DM, OM and CP. There was an interaction effect between urea levels and aerobic exposure for ether extract (EE) and NDFap intakes (g/kg) and nonfibrous carbohydrate (NFC) digestibility (g/kg) (p = 0.012). The addition of 5 g/kg of urea to sorghum ensilage improved the digestibility parameters without changing dry matter intake and ingestive behaviour. The addition or not of urea does not change the blood parameters of the animals.