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Background Meeting energy requirements of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is paramount to optimising growth and clinical outcome, but little information on this subject has been published. In this study, we examined basal metabolic rate (BMR; a component of energy expenditure) with the aim to determine whether it is related to kidney function independently of weight, height and lean body mass (LBM). Methods Twenty children with CKD and 20 healthy age- and gender-matched control children were studied on one occasion. BMR was measured by indirect open circuit calorimetry and predicted by the Schofield equation. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was related to BMR and adjusted for weight, height, age and LBM measured by skinfold thickness. Results The adjusted BMR of children with CKD did not differ significantly from that of healthy subjects (1296 ± 318 vs.1325 ± 178 kcal/day; p = 0.720). Percentage of predicted BMR also did not differ between the two groups (102 ± 12 % vs. 99 ± 14 %; p = 0.570). Within the CKD group, eGFR (mean 33.7 ± 20.5 mL/min/m.sup.2) was significantly related to BMR ([beta] 0.3, r = 0.517, p = 0.019) independently of nutritional status and LBM. Conclusions It seems reasonable to use estimated average requirement as the basis of energy prescriptions for children with CKD (mean CKD stage 3 disease). However, those who were sicker had significantly lower metabolic rates., Author(s): Caroline E. Anderson[sup.1] , Rodney D. Gilbert[sup.2] , Marinos Elia[sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre-Nutrition, Southampton Children's Hospital, University of Southampton-University [...]

Suspensions of cells isolated from rabbit small intestine were prepared which showed a consider- able rate of respiration after 4 h of their isolation. Rabbit intestinal cells accumulated 3-O-methyl- glucose by an active transport mechanism which was Na+-dependent whereas 2-deoxyglucose was transported by a saturable pathway. Analysis of the initial transport data indicated that the uptake of both sugars by cells followed Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics. These cells also showed a consider- able degree of 2-deoxyglucose phosphorylation and the transport of the sugar into the cells appeared to be a rate-limiting factor for its phosphorylation. Sulphated glycopeptide had no effect on the respiration rate of these cells but it increased the transport of 3-O-methyl-glucose and 2-deoxyglucose into cells by many fold compared with untreated cells. Kinetic analysis of the data indicated that the increase in the transport was due to increased g while the Km, remained unchanged. Presence of sulphated glycopeptide had no effect on the kinetics of phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose. These effects of sulphated glycopeptide on the transport activity of the cells have been discussed as a result of an increase in the number of sugar sites in the cell membrane due to unmasking or activation of preexisting sites owing to the interaction between the cell membrane components and highly polyanionic sulphated glycopeptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]