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The activity of specific anti-venom can be demonstrated using protection test in laboratory mice. Our study aimed to emphasize the possibility of viper venom inactivation by the antibodies produced and isolated from duck eggs and also to the activation concentration of these antibodies. The venom used for inoculation was harvested from two viper species (Vipera ammodytes and Vipera berus). The immunoglobulin extract had a better activity on the venom from Vipera berus compared to the venom from Vipera ammodytes. This could be the result of a better immunological response, as consequence of the immunization with this type of venom, compared to the response recorded when the Vipera ammodytes venom was used. Besides the advantages of low cost, high productivity and reduced risk of anaphylactic shock, the duck eggs also have high activity up to dilutions of 1/16, 1/32, respectively, with specific activity and 100 surviving in individuals which received 3 x DL50.

In Romania, the salmon breeding is the second branch of pisciculture as importance, but the obtained production is very small (about 1240 to; ANPA, 2005) and enough limited as bred species (brown trout - Salmo trutta fario, brook trout - Salvelinus fontinalis and rainbow trout - Oncorhynchus mykiss). The brown trout (Salmo trutta fario L.) and the huchen (Hucho hucho L.) represent two species with big economical, biological and culinary value, and to capitalize and promote the Romanian aquatic and endemic potential we consider timely and necessary that these ones to breed in specialized farms, with a view to diversity the fish production and to preserve the biodiversity. In the project, our consortium proposes projection and building of a pilot station for brown trout (Salmo trutta fario L.) and huchen (Hucho hucho L.) breeding in space and environment controlled, hall type, with control possibility of medium parameters. By application of modern and performed fish breeding system it can be promoted new methods, techniques and technologies, which have as final aim the obtaining of some diversity fish productions, and evidently superior given to those obtained in present days in trout farms from Romania.

The constant and accelerated increase of world fish production through the expansion of fisheries and the development of aquaculture has also generated a higher interest in animal welfare. In the present, is proven that the fish welfare is a factor that influences the quality of the product and the practices of capture and slaughter, which can compromise these attributes. The harvesting and suppressing life methods give to the biochemical processes of fish meat some particularities, as a result of the stressor to which it is subjected by tracking, agglomeration, space restriction and asphyxiation. In the view of all, it is important to correctly identify procedures that improve both the welfare of the fish and the quality of the product. In this review, there are highlighted some of the stunning and slaughter methods of fish used in the aquaculture or capture fisheries, focusing on the human agreed standards and international organizations. There are recommendations in this sense for operations prior to slaughter and the possibility of developing and implementing new methods, by country and species of fish. In this sense, the brain puncture stands out as a more humane method of slaughtering fish, which also improves the quality of the product.

Study physico- chemical parameters is an integral part in the study of any ecosystem, especially at the level of aquatic. Indicators of water quality is mirrored in the final fish production obtained, thei acting and interacting simultaneously.

The structure in the aquatic ecosystem of the whole can not be neglected in the first place because of the seasons, months, factors and processes that happens, with primary or secondary importance in relation to the problems studied (water quality, phytoplankton evolution, fish production).

Hermetia illucens is a sustainable and an increasingly bioeconomical source of nutrients for farm animals. It is still necessary, however, to improve our knowledge of the biological features of this species in order to maximize its use. The aims of this research were to evaluate the effect of the energy level of rearing diets on its body weight and fat-body reserves. The quantity and quality of the fats storred by the non-feeding stages of this insect and its reproductive performances were also studied. A control diet (CD - Gainesville diet) and three diets with progressively greater energy contents (kcal/kg ME) were formulated. The increase was achieved by including different amounts of maize, 40% (ED1), 60% (ED2) and 80% (ED3), in these three diets. Abother diet (ED4) consisted of fruit and vegetable waste. The results indicate that the body weight of larvae, prepupae, pupae and adult flies, as well as fat content of the larvae increased significantly (p ˂ 0.01) with increase in the energy content of the diets. There was a positive Pearson correlation between energy content of diets and body weight of adult flies. The heaviest egg clutches with the highest number of eggs/clutch (p ˂ 0.01) were laid by flies reared on the diets with the highest energy content. The quality of the fat stored by larvae did not influence the weight and number of egg laid.

The developmental stages of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, are widely studied because there are several ways in which this species can be utilized. In this context, the aim of the current study is to determine the loss of weight of larvae of different weights between the prepupal and reproductive adult stages and their effect on the egg clutch quality parameters. The Hermetia illucens prepupae were categorized in 3 body weight classes. The weight loss was evaluated by weighing individuals in the prepupal, pupal and adult stages. The weight and length of the individuals were positively correlated in the pupal stage and adult females. There were significant losses of weight (P = 0.000) in the prepupal, pupal and adult stages in all three weight classes. In each weight class the relationship between weights was significant (P = 0.000) for all development stages. The results clearly indicate that the largest larvae of Hermetia illucens produced the adults with the best clutch quality parameters and the existence of significant positive correlations between body weight and both weight loss and the egg clutch quality parameters.

The main component of the body: the water, alongside with many function which it has,represents a constituent in the diet of animal. There are many and various factors that influence the daily water requirements of animals: some dependent on animal: and others dependent on the environment. Water quality administered to livestock must meet the requirements for potability prerequisite to maintaining the health, externalization full productive potential and sustaining breeding. Knowing the importance of water quality consists in the negative action which can exert on the body to exceeding certain thresholds translated through: reducing water consumption simultaneously with the decrease milk production, decreased feed conversion rate and average daily gain, degradation of health status by reducing the local resistance, decrease overall body resistance, metabolic, digestive, skeletal disorders and impaired reproduction sphere translated through:decreasing fertility, abortions; elements interfering with the absorption of other essential water body, producing chronic or acute poisoning. The water composition plays essential role depending on which is supplemented or not as the case the quantity of the macro and trace minerals from feedingstuff according to the synergism or antagonism action between the minerals present.

Aim of this study was to assess the chemical status of water by point of view of the indicators parameters coming from the decentralized system of water supply (wells) and which supply the water of dairy farms performed in 63 wells from the same number of farms from 5 located in: S-E, N-W and central of Romania at the request of farmers. It has been studied the parameters that indicate the status of water acidification: pH (SRISO 10523/97); indicator parameters having as landmark the minimum list of parameters monitored by the laboratories of profile from county public health department: hardness (STAS 3326/76), iron (STAS 3086/68), CCOMn (STAS:3002/85), ammonia (spectrometry), parameters indicative of saline inclusions: chlorides (STAS 3049/88), sulfates (SRISO 10523/97). Characterization of the chemical state of water: good or poor was done after the values that define the worst condition. The limit values for each parameter are compared to those required by the L.107/1996, L.458/2002, 311/2004, O.621/2012. Were recorded values which attesting good quality status for 21 wells:[ 1 Buzău (BZ),12 Cluj (CJ),2 Mureş (MS),6 Sălaj (SJ)] and 42 wells whose water quality status it is poor (6 AB, 5 BZ,17 CJ, 7 MS). Exceeding the limits values were found at the parameters: CCOMn (CJ: 05.29±3.87mgO2/dm3, 10.59±2.04 mgO2/dm3 AB); ammonia: (AB: 0.56±0.08 mg/dm3, MS: 0.51±0.1 mg/dm3), iron (BZ: 0.85±1.05 mg/dm3, CJ: 0.37±0.47 mg/dm3, MS: 0.62±0.57mg/dm3), chlorides (AB: 330.42±208.8 mg/dm3, MS: 243.18±164.8 mg/dm3). Contamination risk score of wells in the studied areas is medium (3 point).

In Romania, salmoculture represent the main branch of aquaculture, which is practiced in mountain cold waters, in classic trout breeding fisheries with concrete tanks, but also in floating vivieres placed on accumulation lakes. Now days there are made important steps in trout breeding and exploitation by super intensive system. The main salmonidae species which is suited to and has very good breeding results in a such system, is the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), so that, the authors of the present work paper have tested the breeding of this species into a closed space, hall type and also the performances which could be obtained in a such system. The experiment was developed in the year 2007, on a 127 day period, in a hall with 30 mp surface, into which it was placed a circular basin with a water volume of 3,14 mc and which was peopled with 600 rainbow trout samples (Oncorhynchus mykiss), with an average body weight of 36.50 g. The end of breeding period is materialized by obtaining of an average body weight of 140.83 g/sample, which is very approached of the minimal value for consumption trout marketing. We consider that is timeliness to breed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in such system with the purpose of production increasing per water volume unit, in a time interval which could contribute to efficiency increase of such activity in aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For doing the characterization of main fishes of pray from aquatic basin "Pike Lake", during the years 2007-2008, it were done researches which had in view the following aspects: identifying of aquatic vegetation, identifying of ichtyofauna, in general and respectively of the main fish of pray species, methods and techniques of capture by sport fishing for the three main fish of pray species identified. It was realized sounding between fishers and it were done body measurements in situ. Data were statistically processed and the obtained values for the two characters followed (Table 1) have put in evidence a great variability inside the three populations. Minimal and maximal limits for each tested character indicates values extremely large due to the fact that it were not captured samples of same age, and the number of these are also different. Values of variation coefficient (V%) and of standard deviation (s) indicate a high variability between individuals from each tested population, but which cannot be confirmed only by strict analysis of each species in part, on age structures and physiological state. From data presented it could be remarked the fact that, biologic material of pike (Esox lucius), cat fish (Silurus glanis) and pike perch (Stizostedion lucioperca) are framed between age limits of 1 year and respective, 4 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]