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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T07:26:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-11-24 Background: During almost one-third of our life, maturation of the nervous system promotes strength and muscle mass increase. However, as age advances, the nervous system begins to suffer a slow and continue reduction of its functions. Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is one of the structures of which change due to aging process. Physical training leads to significant adjustments in NMJs of young and aged animals. Nevertheless, studies that aimed to investigate this effect have, in many cases, methodological variables that may have some influence on the result. Thus, this study aimed to carry out a systematic review about the effects of exercise training on the NMJ compartments of young, adult and aged animals. Results: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scielo and Lilacs databases for animal experimental studies that studied exercise effects on the NMJs components across age. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included nine articles in systematic review and two for meta-analysis (young/adult NMJ). Conclusions: We identified that exercise training cause NMJ hypertrophy on young animals and NMJ compression on aged ones. However, many methodological issues such as age, skeletal muscle and fibers type, and type of exercise and training protocol might influence the results. Laboratory of Morphoquantitative Studies and Immunohistochemistry Physical Education Department São Judas Tadeu University, Unidade Mooca, Rua Taquari, 546, Mooca Laboratory of Histology and Electron Microscopy Physical Education Department Julio de Mesquita Filho São Paulo State University Laboratory of Histology and Electron Microscopy Physical Education Department Julio de Mesquita Filho São Paulo State University

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:49:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_cn_me_rcla.pdf: 1255308 bytes, checksum: e04abe0fa0b0e7dff059c432df315c5d (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O monoidrato de creatina e um dos mais populares suplementos dieteticos naturais ja comercializados para uma populacao saudavel e fisicamente ativa. Apesar de ter sido demonstrado em diversos estudos que a suplementacao de creatina pode aumentar a forca e a resistencia muscular (BRANNON et al., 1997; GREENHAFF, 1997a; VANDENBERGHE et al., 1997a; KREIDER et al., 1998; VOLEK et al.,1999), outros estudos, em torno de seus efeitos, ainda tornam o assunto muito contraditorio (NEWBY-FRASER, 1998), nao sabendo-se ao certo se ha e quais sao os possiveis efeitos colaterais, ou se causa ou nao algum tipo de hipertrofia muscular. Tambem nao se pode afirmar conclusivamente se e capaz de aumentar o rendimento esportivo e em que tipo de exercicio pode promover um maior acumulo de creatina no musculo. Tratando-se de um recurso ergogenico controverso, que pode gmelhorarh a performance em competicoes deve ser melhor estudado. Nos musculos, a creatina e utilizada como substrato energetico e sua presenca pode compensar a utilizacao do glicogenio e com isto retardar a fadiga. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar e quantificar morfologicamente alteracoes no tamanho das diversas fibras que compoem o musculo gastrocnemio sob os efeitos da suplementacao alimentar com monoidrato de creatina. Para tal foram utilizados 20 ratos Wistar com idade de 80 dias e divididos em quatro grupos: sedentario (S), sedentario com creatina (SC), treinado (T) e treinado com creatina (TC). Os ratos foram submetidos ao treinamento de natacao de quarenta e cinco minutos por dia, cinco vezes por semana, durante seis semanas. O treinamento consistiu em resistencia aerobia de longa duracao combinada com episodios de alta intensidade da seguinte forma: quatro series de dez minutos com 10 % do peso corporal de carga sendo que no final de cada serie o exercicio era feito por um minuto com... . The creatine monohydrate is one of the most popular natural dietary supplements already marketed for a healthy population and physically active. In spite of it being demonstrated in several studies that the creatine supplementation it can increase the force and the muscular resistance (BRANNON et al., 1997; GREENHAFF, 1997a; VANDENBERGHE et al., 1997a; KREIDER et al., 1998; VOLEK et al., 1999), other studies, around your effects, still turn the very contradictory subject (NEWBY-FRASER, 1998), not being known for sure there is been and which are the possible collateral effects, or it is caused or not some type of muscular hypertrophy. One cannot also affirm conclusivamente if it is capable to increase the sporting revenue and in that exercise type can promote a larger creatina accumulation in the muscle. Being treated of a resource controversial ergogenic, which can improve g the performance in competitions it should be studied better. In the muscles, the creatine is used as energy substratum and your presence can compensate the use of the glycogen and with this to delay the fatigue. The present study had as objective identifies and to quantify morphological alterations in the size of the several fibres that they compose the muscle gastrocnemius under to the effects of the alimentary supplementation with creatine monohydrate. For such 20 rats were used Wistar with age of 80 days and divided in four groups: sedentary (S), sedentary with creatine (SC), trained (T) and trained with creatine (TC). The rats were submitted to the training of swimming of forty five minutes a day, five times a week, for six weeks. The training consisted of resistance aerobic of long combined duration with episodes of high intensity in the following way: four series of ten minutes with 10% of the corporal weight of load and in the end of each series the exercise was made... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-03-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:28:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 morsoleto_mjms_me_rcla.pdf: 7645060 bytes, checksum: 099c490ad0b826dfff563df09d42b8e0 (MD5) Este trabalho apresenta uma série de resultados referentes à utilização da transmissão de fármacos tópicos através de ondas ultra-sônicas (fonoforese), em lesão cirúrgica produzida no músculo tibial anterior de ratos Wisttar. O fármaco utilizado foi a hidrocortisona gel manipulada a 10%. Foram utilizados 42 ratos Wisttar machos, com 60 dias de idade e peso médio de 300,0 g ( 50,0 g), que foram submetidos à lesão cirúrgica na pata direita no músculo tibial anterior. Após 24 horas a área da lesão foi tratada com ultra-som tendo como gel acoplante hidrocortisona a 10%. A freqüência utilizada foi de 1,0 MHz e intensidade de 0,4 W/cm2 por 1 minuto, durante 14 dias consecutivos. Depois da terapia aplicada os ratos foram sacrificados, o músculo criofixado e cortado em criostato. As lâminas obtidas foram coradas por H/E, Tricrômico de Masson e Tricrômico de Mallory para serem fotografadas em fotomicroscópio Zeiss. O tecido analisado proveniente dos animais lesados, tratados com ultra-som e hidrocortisona a 10% (fonoforese) apresentam: após 1 dia de tratamento, fibras musculares seccionadas pela incisão já fagocitada com predomínio de células mononucleadas. Nos animais sacrificados após 3 dias de tratamento notamos a presença de mioblastos, alguns miotubos e neovascularização. Quando analisamos os tecidos dos animais sacrificados após 7 dias de tratamento, observamos a presença de reorganização dos tecidos musculares. Nos animais sacrificados 14 dias após o tratamento, as fibras musculares mostram-se em avançado estado de regeneração. O aparecimento precoce de mioblastos e raras fibras necróticas, a partir do terceiro dia de aplicação, levam-nos a concluir que o fármaco tópico anti-inflamatório consegue atravessar a barreira de tecidos biológicos através da transmissão da energia ultra-sônica, e assim acelerar a reconstituição do tecido lesado. This work presents a series of referring results to the use of the transmission of topical pharmacs through ultrasonic waves (Phonophoresis) in a produced surgical injuries in previous in the tibialis anterior muscle of Wisttar rats. The used pharmac was hydrocortisone gel to 10%. We had been used, in these experiment 42 rats with 60 days years' old and 300,0 average weight of g ( 50,0 g). The animals had been submitted to the chirurgical injury in the right leg, in previous the tibiae muscle. After 24 hours the area of the injury was dealt with ultrasound with faceplate hydrocortisone gel to 10%. The used frequency was of 1,0 MHz and the intensity of 0,4 W/cm2, with a time of 1 minute of insomniac, during 14 days. After the therapeutically one applied the rats they had been sacrificed, the frost fixed and cut muscle in cryostat. The gotten blades had been stain by H/E, Gomori's Trichrome, Masson's Trichrome and Mallory's Trichrome to be photographed in Zeiss photomicroscope. The analyzed proceeding from the animals injured, treated with ultra-sound and hydrocortisone present: after 1 day of treatment, skeletal muscle staple fibers parted by the phagocyte incision already with predominance of mononuclear cells. After 3 days of treatment, in the sacrificed animals, it is noticed myoblasts, some multinucleated myofibers and new vessel. When one analyzes of the sacrificed animals after 7 days of treatment, observes it presence of reorganization of muscular. In the sacrificed animals 14 days after the treatment, visualizes muscular fibers in advanced state of regeneration. The precocious appearance of myoblasts and rare necrotic tissue as fibers to leaving of the third day of application of treatment lever to conclude that the topical pharmac obtained to cross the biological barrier through the transmission of the ultrasonic energy. Of this form the hydrocortisone is taken until the small farm of lesion.