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The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a multi-modal physical rehabilitation protocol (MPRP) in reducing pain and disability and preventing surgery in patients with chronic lumbar radicular pain (LRP) at a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Pre and post-treatment NPRS score, ODI score, disability categories of 189 patients with chronic LRP treated with MPRP were analysed to determine the efficacy of the treatment. Patients were followed-up at a minimum duration of 12 months for pain, disability, surgery performed, and patient satisfaction with treatment. After a mean treatment of 59 days, there was significant reduction in mean NPRS (p < 0.0001) and mean ODI (p < 0.0001) scores. Of 89 patients (47%) who could be contacted at mean follow-up of 18 months, 9 patients (10%) had undergone lumbar surgery, 52 patients (58.5%) reported no pain or complaints related to their lower back and 66 patients (74%) were either very satisfied or satisfied with the outcome of their treatment. A MPRP is effective in significantly improving pain and disability in patients advised surgery for chronic LRP. At a minimum follow-up of 12 months, pain and disability continued to be significantly lower and only 10% (9/89) patients underwent lumbar surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nevus lipomatosus superficialis is a rare hamartomatous lesion of skin, also named as pedunculated lipofibroma. This entity is unknown to many primary care physicians, Hence, many times, it is not diagnosed and misinterpreted as any of its differential diagnoses like lipofibromas, skin tags, hemangioma, lymphangioma, and focal dermal hypoplasia. Histopathologically, it is characterized by the presence of clusters of mature fat cells in the dermis. Here we report a case of an 11-year-old male who presented with a lower back swelling since birth (4.8 x 3.6 cm) which gradually increased over time and became lobulated, pedunculated, and non-tender. It is an uncommon entity with distinct clinical and histopathological features. Awareness about this lesion, its clinical presentation, morphological features, and favourable outcome is necessary so that it can be differentiated from other skin neoplasms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, minimally invasive, cost effective, outpatient based and a rapid diagnostic method for breast lesions. The aim of the present study was to correlate cytological findings with histopathological findings and to determine the accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Material and Methods: A total of 222 breast aspirates were studied. Histo-cytopathological correlations were obtained in 91 cases. All the aspirates were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H andE) stain. Results: Among 222 patients, 217 were females and 5 were males. Benign breast lesions were found in 144 cases (64.87%); among which fibroadenoma (30.18%) was the commonest lesion which was observed. Malignancy was observed in 69 cases (31.08%); among them, ductal carcinoma was the predominant lesion (29.28%) which was seen. Histopathological confirmations were obtained in 90 cases out of 91 cases in which histocytopathological corrections were possible. All 45 malignant aspirates were confirmed by histopathology. Benign reports were confirmed in 45 out of 46 cases by doing histological examinations; except one case which was diagnosed as malignant by studying its histopathology. Sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in breast lesions were reported to be 97.82% and 100% respectively, with 100% positive predictive value and 97.85% negative predictive value. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the present study was found to be 98.90%. Conclusion: It is important to remember that a negative FNAC of a breast lesion does not preclude the diagnosis of a carcinoma, particularly in presence of a clinical suspicion of malignancy and/ or an abnormal mammogram. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]