1. Management strategies for children with COVID-19: ESPR practical recommendations
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Anne Paterson, Jovan Lovrenski, Karen Rosendahl, Maria I. Argyropoulou, Amaka C. Offiah, Ola Kvist, Süreyya Burcu Görkem, Susan C. Shelmerdine, Seema Toso, Pablo Caro-Domínguez, Maria Raissaki, Owen J. Arthurs, Joost van Schuppen, Maria Beatrice Damasio, Franz Wolfgang Hirsch, Andrea Rossi, Philippe Petit, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, [Raissaki,M] Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. [Shelmerdine,SC, Arthurs,OJ] Department of Clinical Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK. [Shelmerdine,SC, Arthurs,OJ] UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK. [Shelmerdine,SC, and Arthurs,OJ] NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. [Damasio,MB] U.O.C. Radiologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy. [Toso,S] Department of Diagnostics, Geneva Children’s Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. [Kvist,O] Department of Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. [Lovrenski,J] Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia. [Lovrenski,J] Institute for Children and Adolescent Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. [Hirsch,FW] Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. [Görkem,SB] Paediatric Radiology Department, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey. [Paterson,A] Department of Radiology, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK. [Rossi,A] Neuroradiology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy. [Rossi,A] Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [van Schuppen,J] Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Petit,P] Service d’imagerie pédiatrique et prénatale, Aix Marseille University, Hôpital de La Timone-Enfants, Marseille, France. [Argyropoulou,MI] Department of Clinical Radiology and Imaging, Medical School, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. [Offiah,AC] Academic Unit of Child Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. [Offiah,AC] Department of Radiology, Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK. [Rosendahl,K] Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway. [Rosendahl,K] Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. [Caro-Domínguez,P] Unidad de Radiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain.
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Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Public Health Practice::Communicable Disease Control::Infection Control [Medical Subject Headings] ,Pediatrics ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings] ,0302 clinical medicine ,Personal hygiene ,Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Pediatrics [Medical Subject Headings] ,Pandemic ,Infection control ,General anaesthesia ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Children ,Neuroradiology ,Espr ,Imaging protocol ,Management ,Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Preparedness ,Child, Preschool ,Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging [Medical Subject Headings] ,Medical emergency ,Coronavirus Infections ,Radiology ,Diagnostic Imaging ,Adolescent ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent [Medical Subject Headings] ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,Medical imaging ,medicine ,Humans ,VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700 ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Child [Medical Subject Headings] ,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health ,Health Care::Health Services Administration::Patient Care Management [Medical Subject Headings] ,Personal protective equipment ,Pandemics ,Niños ,Infection Control ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Infant ,COVID-19 ,medicine.disease ,Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings] ,VDP::Medical disciplines: 700 ,Coronavirus ,Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Radiology [Medical Subject Headings] ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,business - Abstract
During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, guidelines have been issued by international, national and local authorities to address management and the need for preparedness. Children with COVID-19 differ from adults in that they are less often and less severely affected. Additional precautions required in the management of children address their increased radiosensitivity, need for accompanying carers, and methods for dealing with children in a mixed adult-paediatric institution. In this guidance document, our aim is to define a pragmatic strategy for imaging children with an emphasis on proven or suspected COVID-19 cases. Children suspected of COVID-19 should not be imaged routinely. Imaging should be performed only when expected to alter patient management, depending on symptoms, preexisting conditions and clinical evolution. In order to prevent disease transmission, it is important to manage the inpatient caseload effectively by triaging children and carers outside the hospital, re-scheduling nonurgent elective procedures and managing symptomatic children and carers as COVID-19 positive until proven otherwise. Within the imaging department one should consider conducting portable examinations with COVID-19 machines or arranging dedicated COVID-19 paediatric imaging sessions and performing routine nasopharyngeal swab testing before imaging under general anaesthesia. Finally, regular personal hygiene, appropriate usage of personal protective equipment, awareness of which procedures are considered aerosol generating and information on how to best disinfect imaging machinery after examinations should be highlighted to all staff members. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00247-020-04749-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- 2020