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Trans-national corporations (TNCs) are recognised as having an adverse impact on public health through the marketing and sale of unhealthy products. In addition to this some of their practices affect health, including taxation avoidance, lobbying politicians to gain favourable legislative and regulatory environments for their operations, and failure to abide by occupational health and safety standards. We argue that while considering the individual practices of commercial actors is crucial the true public health harms are only evident when the synergistic impacts of the practices are considered. We also note that the practices are supported by a global economic and political system which operates in the favour of commercial actors rather than the health of people and the planet. Consequently there needs to be a norm change by which norms and power are shifted away from commercial interests and externalities of commercial practices are no longer outsourced to the public purse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Job loss is a discrete life event, with multiple adverse consequences for physical and mental health and implications for agency. Our research explores the consequences of job loss for retrenched workers’ mental health by examining the interplay between their agency and the structures shaping their job loss experiences. Methods We conducted two waves of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a sample of 33 of the more than 1000 workers who lost their jobs at Mitsubishi Motors in South Australia during 2004 and 2005 as a result of industry restructuring. Interviews capturing the mental health consequences of job loss were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was employed to determine the health consequences of the job loss and the impact of structural factors. Results Main themes that emerged from the qualitative exploration of the psychological distress of job loss included stress, changes to perceived control, loss of self-esteem, shame and loss of status, experiencing a grieving process, and financial strain. Drawing on two models of agency we identified the different ways workers employed their agency, and how their agency was enabled, but mainly constrained, when dealing with job loss consequences. Conclusions Respondents’ accounts support the literature on the moderating effects of economic resources such as redundancy packages. The results suggest the need for policies to put more focus on social, emotional and financial investment to mediate the structural constraints of job loss. Our study also suggests that human agency must be understood within an individual’s whole of life circumstances, including structural and material constraints, and the personal or interior factors that shape these circumstances.

Job loss has negative consequences for health and evidence shows that the agency of workers experiencing job loss is affected by labour market and welfare policy. The policy environment into which workers emerge after losing their jobs strongly influences the way job loss and its aftermath is experienced. This article draws on findings from two waves of in-depth semi-structured interviews with 33 retrenched South Australian automotive workers. It discusses how, within the context of Australian welfare and industrial policy, workers experienced the consequences of mass job losses that occurred at Mitsubishi Motors during 2004 and 2005. Key findings include largely negative experiences associated with negotiating welfare-to-work policy, and a more precarious employment environment further entrenched under industrial relations policy. Job loss is both a personal and a structural story and we use an agency and structure perspective to examine how workers’ agency was enabled, but more often constrained, by policy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

To the Editor: In their Perspective article, Mitchell and colleagues[1] discuss the problems for patients resulting from overcautious attitudes in prescribing opioids within the constraints of the doctrine of double effect. The use of the term "suicide" in the context of a person living with a terminal or serious and incurable condition that can only be relieved through death conflates two very different realities. The focus of the authors of this article is both positive and welcome; assuring practitioners that they can adopt a proactive and patient-centred approach towards pain relief. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Women experiencing intimate violence within deviant settings, including bikie and other gangs and cults, have recently been the focus of research in South Australia. Domestic violence shelters are seeing increasing numbers of these women who are often involved in high risk behaviour and/or situations that pose significant risk to themselves and any accompanying children., Objective: This article provides an overview of the profiles of women (and their children) escaping intimate partner violence within deviant settings, and the range of complex physical and mental health needs medical practitioners are likely to encounter in these patients., Discussion: Specific women's histories of ritualised partner abuse, its cultural context, and the resultant physical and mental health issues for these women and their children is discussed. It provides strategies for practitioners to work with these women and their children to overcome existing barriers to clinical intervention.