Search

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a melhor mobilidade funcional pode estar associada a um menor número de quedas e melhor desempenho funcional em idosas hígidas da comunidade. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e uma idosas foram divididas em dois grupos segundo o desempenho no teste Timed Up & Go (TUG) e foram avaliadas quanto ao histórico de quedas; ao medo de cair (Falls Efficacy Scale International - FES-I); à Força de Preensão Manual (FPM); à potência muscular (Teste de Sentar e Levantar Cinco Vezes - Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test - 5TSTS); à Velocidade da Marcha em 10 m; e ao Teste da Caminhada de Seis Minutos (TC6). Para comparação entre os grupos, foram realizados o Teste t de Student para amostras independentes e o teste de Mann-Whitney U (p ≤ 0,05). RESULTADOS: Dezoito idosas atingiram o ponto de corte no Timed Up And Go para sua faixa etária e foram alocadas no Grupo 1 (G1, n = 18; idade= 66,1 ± 6,7 anos; TUG = 7,3 ± 0,4 s) e 23 idosas não atingiram o ponto de corte proposto para sua faixa etária e foram alocadas no Grupo 2 (G2, n = 23; idade = 68,7 ± 6,4 anos; TUG = 10,2 ± 2,6 s). O G1, quando comparado ao G2, apresentou melhor potência muscular (5TSTS = 11,7 ± 2,0 s vs. 12,8 ± 2,2 s; p = 0,032); velocidade da marcha (VM = 1,6 ± 0,2 vs. 1,4 ± 0,3 m/s; p = 0,001); e distância percorrida em seis minutos (TC6 = 506,9 ± 60,1 m vs. 421,2 ± 70,9 m; p = 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Boa mobilidade funcional (indicada pelo teste TUG) pode indicar melhor desempenho musculoesquelético e capacidade funcional de exercício em idosas hígidas da comunidade.

Moringa oleifera (moringa) stands out as a promising plant in several segments, being produced worldwide. However, its co-products, particularly valves and seed husks, which represent more than 70% of its fruit, remain underutilized. Therefore, this work aimed to assess the use of parts of the moringa fruit in conjunction with sediment from an artificial pond in a zoo enclosure inhabited by Tapirus terrestris (tapir), exploring the potential treatment of these wastes, using Eisenia foetidaearthworms. Five experimental conditions were analyzed, whose waste proportions were varied. The vermicomposts were not phytotoxic and differed regarding the C/N ratio; those that received parts of the moringa fruit had a higher C/N ratio. As commonly observed in stabilization processes, the contents of P, K, Ca, and electrical conductivity increased, while carbon and pH decreased during stabilization. Plant development of Catharanthus roseus was evaluated using, in addition to the vermicomposts, two commercial composts. The vermicomposts provided better development of C. roseus than the commercial composts, with T2 (65% sediment+35% fruit valves) and T3 (50% sediment+35% valves+15% seed husks) standing out as the best treatments. Vermicomposting associated with moringa co-products and zoo waste is a viable alternative via aerobic treatment, favoring waste management and the search for sustainability.

The study presents a literature review of glyphosate (GLY) occurrence and its breakdown product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in soils worldwide, but with a specific focus on South America. In addition, an ecological risk approach based on the ecotoxicological endpoints for key soil biota (e.g., collembolans, and earthworms) assessed the impact of GLY and AMPA on these organisms. A generic probabilistic model for human health risk was also calculated for the different world regions. For what reports the risk for edaphic species and the level of pollution under the worst-case scenario, the South American continent was identified as the region of most concern. Nonetheless, other areas may also be in danger, but no risk could be calculated due to the lack of data. Since tropical countries are the top food exporters worldwide, the results obtained in this study must be carefully examined for their implications on a global scale. Some of the factors behind the high levels of these two chemicals in soils are debated (e.g., permissive protection policies, the extensive use of genetically modified crops), and some possible guidelines are presented that include, for example, further environmental characterisation and management of pesticide residues. The present review integrates data that can be used as a base by policymakers and decision-makers to develop and implement environmental policies.

Abstract Habitat loss and fragmentation are among the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability, with physiological implications on wild fauna. Bats (Microchiroptera) are small mammals with a wide variety of eating habits, and the well-being of these animals is disturbed by exposure to pesticides. This study aimed to develop a miniaturized QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction method for the detection of multi-residue pesticides in bat muscle tissue using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of 48 pesticides were tested in 250 mg of bat muscle tissue. The developed analytical method was applied to 148 bats collected from two different areas in Minas Gerais State, Southeast Region of Brazil. The method presented good sensitivity and allowed the determination of residues of 48 pesticides in bat muscle using GC–MS. The miniaturized extraction method makes the analysis feasible even when the sample volume is limited. However, no pesticide residues were detected in bats from the two areas investigated.

ABSTRACT Social distancing policies adopted in the COVID-19 pandemic generated a negative psychological impact on the general population and can affect caregivers of people with dementia more severely. Objective: This study screened for indications of mental health problems among informal caregivers of people with dementia. Main changes in the people’s routine and behavior resulting from the social isolation measures adopted due to the pandemic were also investigated. Method: Thirty-five informal caregivers of people with dementia from a medium-sized Brazilian city responded to a telephone interview. Results: Risks for mental health problems were found in 31.4% of the sample. These participants stated that they found it very difficult to deal with routine care changes during the pandemic. The variables related to the caregiver’s characteristics and those related to changes in routine significantly affected the caregiver’s mental health scores. Discussion: Indices of mental disorders in the studied sample did not differ from the prevalence of mental health problems in the general population during COVID-19 pandemic; however, participants reported worsening symptoms such as nervousness, sadness, and sleep during quarantine. Conclusions: Results show the complexity of this topic and the need for individual care for this group, especially in situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Resumo Introdução A avaliação de programas pode nortear a tomada de decisão de gestores. Objetivo Analisar o Índice de Implementação (II) da Rede Mãe Paranaense (RMP). Método Pesquisa quantitativa retrospectiva realizada em três Regionais de Saúde (RS) do Paraná, Brasil, totalizando 55 municípios. Construíram-se indicadores de avaliação antes (2010-2011) e depois (2012-2013) da implementação da Rede. Estabeleceram-se cinco domínios com variáveis coletadas no Sisprenatal, Sinasc, SI-PNI, SIM e informações nas RS. Para cada domínio, avaliou-se a influência das variáveis do II (adequado e inadequado). Utilizou-se do programa XLStat2014® e aplicaram-se os testes de Shapiro-Wilk, regressão logística, análise da variância fatorial e Monte Carlo, com nível de significância p < 0,05. Resultados O II antes (2010-2011) e depois (2012-2013) da RMP, nas três RS, apresentou diferença estatística significativa (F6,156 = 129,14; p = 0,000). Em 2010, todas as RS foram estatisticamente semelhantes (p > 0,05), demonstrando equivalência nos municípios; em 2010-2011, o II da 10ª RS foi maior que da 9ª RS; em 2011-2012, os valores da 10ª e da 17ª RS foram estatisticamente superiores aos da 9ª RS (p < 0,05); em 2012-2013, a 10ª RS apresentou elevado crescimento, semelhante ao da 17ª RS (p > 0,05) e superior ao da 9ª RS (p < 0,05). Conclusão O II para avaliar o desempenho da Rede nas três RS se mostrou adequado à avaliação dos indicadores.

Abstract Background The hip abductor muscles, primarily the gluteus medius, play an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during gait. Gluteus medius weakness is associated with biomechanical changes and musculoskeletal disorders. Individuals with obesity can have great difficulty maintaining abductor muscular function due to being overweight and possibly experiencing a decrease in muscle mass. However, it is still unclear whether the musculature of person with obesity can compensate for these changes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare gluteus medius strength between individuals with obesity and normal-weight individuals using a digital hand-held dynamometer. Methods Twenty-five participants with obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) were matched for sex, age, and height with normal-weight individuals. Gluteus medius strength was measured by a single examiner using a belt-stabilized hand-held digital dynamometer placed on the knee of the individuals positioned in lateral decubitus. Three measurements were recorded with rest intervals, and only the highest value measured for each limb was used for analysis. The differences between pairs were calculated, and the normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p 0.05). However, significant differences were detected in these variables between the groups (p

RESUMO A avaliação da implantação de políticas e programas para melhorias na saúde infantil é essencial. Este estudo pretende avaliar a eficácia do Programa Rede Mãe Paranaense, criando um índice avaliativo para os objetivos do programa referentes ao seguimento da criança, a fim de estipular o grau em que foram concretizados. Foram entrevistadas 139 mulheres usuárias do programa. A pesquisa utilizou dados do instrumento elaborado e analisou a Caderneta de Saúde da Criança. A análise de dados foi realizada a partir da comparação entre frequências relativas obtidas no estudo e as propostas do programa, calculando-se a razão entre essas frequências para se obter o índice avaliativo, ou seja, para descobrir quanto foi alcançado da meta estipulada. As variáveis foram categorizadas em domínios definidos no programa, gerando um índice avaliativo para cada um deles. No domínio ‘Satisfação Materna’, a meta foi 68% atingida; no ‘Acompanhamento na Puericultura’, foram atingidos 67%; na ‘Qualidade e Resolubilidade na Assistência’, 55%; e na ‘Estratificação de Risco’, somente 6% da meta foram alcançados. Conclui-se que os índices avaliativos retratam baixa eficácia no seguimento da criança. O estudo evidenciou a necessidade de revisão das estratégias utilizadas no seguimento da saúde da criança para melhorar os índices assistenciais na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective Prematurity and low birth weight predispose preterm infants to cardiovascular disease in later life. Is the metabolic profile of these children impacted by the relation between birth weight and gestational age (GA)? This study aimed to evaluate whether the relationship between birth weight and GA of preterm infants has a positive correlation with the metabolic profile from birth to the sixth month of corrected age. Subjects and methods This is a longitudinal, prospective study with a cohort of 70 preterm and 54 term infants, who were enrolled in the study and shared into two groups: Appropriate for GA (AGA) and Small for GA (SGA), both classified at birth by Fenton and Kim curves. Longitudinal evaluation of anthropometry measures and blood samples of total cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, and insulin were collected at birth, NICU discharge, and the sixth month of corrected age. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (ANOVA, Fisher test, Shapiro-Wilk, and Cochran test). The effect size was 0.15, power was 0.92, and confidence interval 95%. Results No significant statistical differences were observed in relation to biochemical tests between AGA and SGA groups. However, a significant increase in triglyceride results above the reference values for age in the SGA group was observed throughout the follow-up. Conclusions Changes observed in the preterm infant metabolic profile show no correlation with adequacy of birth weight. Preterm lipid profile requires continuous evaluation at follow-up, due to the increased cardiovascular risk in later life.

The effect of the chronic consumption of water contaminated with residual concentrations of DDT’s metabolites (DDD—dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane and DDE—dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) found in the environment were evaluated on the biometric, hematological and antioxidant system parameters of the hepatic, muscular, renal and nervous tissues of Wistar rats. The results showed that the studied concentrations (0.002 mg.L−1 of DDD plus 0.005 mg.L−1 of DDE) could not cause significant changes in the hematological parameters. However, the tissues showed significant alteration in the activity of the antioxidant system represented by the increase in the activity of the enzymes gluthathione S-transferases in the liver, superoxide dismutase in the kidney, gluthathione peroxidase in the brain, and several changes in enzymatic activity in muscle (SOD, GPx and LPO). The enzymes alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) were also evaluated for the amino acids’ metabolism in the liver, with ALT showing a significant increase in the exposed animals. In the integrative analysis of biomarkers (Permanova and PCOA), the studied concentrations showed possible metabolic changes and damage to cellular structures evidenced by increased oxidative stress and body weight gain among the treated animals. This study highlights the need for further studies on the impact of banned pesticides still present in soils that may induce adverse effects in organisms that may prevail in future generations and the environment.

BackgroundEnvenomation by the South American Lonomia saturniid caterpillars, named lonomism, constitutes an emerging and somewhat neglected public health issue in Argentina and neighboring countries. Considering that there is an intricate relationship between environment and human health in such cases, this study aimed to analyze the eco-epidemiological profile of 40 accidents and 33 occurrences of Lonomia spp. in Misiones (Argentina) between January 2014 and May 2020.Methodology/principal findingsWe described the eco-epidemiological variables and characterized the abiotic scenario of such cases. Additionally, we obtained a density map that shows the punctual intensity of Lonomia records throughout Misiones. Most of the accidents occurred in the Department of Guaraní and involved male victims younger than 20 years old. The accidental/occasional occurrence of Lonomia spp. (considering both adult and caterpillar stages together) was significantly higher in the rural area, whereas only adult specimens were found in urban areas. We determined that the presence of this insect in Misiones is positively related to higher temperatures and solar radiation, and larger precipitation and evapotranspiration throughout the year.Conclusion/significanceThis study represents an initial step towards the global understanding of lonomism as a public health problem in Argentina. It provides a map of the risk level for this envenomation in Misiones, which could help authorities address public health policy efforts to implement sustainable strategies for prevention and response to this threat in Northeastern Argentina and neighboring regions.

ABSTRACT Vatiga manihotae (Drake 1922) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is an important cassava pest due to the great potential damage and the increasing population in recent years. However, few studies about bioecology and control of the cassava lace bug have been conducted and their results don't provide adequate control strategies. An alternative to maintain the population below economic injury levels is through the adoption of host plant resistance. To improve the understanding about the bioecology and find new sources of resistance in cassava, the biological parameters and demographics of V. manihotae on five cassava genotypes (Santa Helena, MEcu 72, Col 22, Clone 02 and Clone 03) under controlled conditions (25±2°C, 14L/10D) were evaluated. Duration and viability of the stages, the period egg-adult, sex ratio, the pre-oviposition period, fecundity and longevity of male and female was determined, and a fertility life table was prepared. Insects fed on MEcu 72 showed increased nymphal, egg-adult, and pre-oviposition periods and reduced female fecundity and longevity in comparison to the other genotypes. Demographic parameters (Ro, rm, T, DT) showed a significant impact on the growth potential of V. manihotae fed on MEcu 72 indicating that the populations would diminish over time. The combined effect of these parameters indicated that MEcu 72 has resistance on V. manihotae specimens hindering their development.

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os principais efeitos adversos observados por fisioterapeutas com o uso de aparelhos de eletrotermofototerapia em clínicas da cidade de Cascavel, Paraná. A amostra contou com 35 clínicas e destas, 25 foram alvo de coleta após triagem, cujos dados foram obtidos por questionários em forma de entrevista semiestruturada. Nestes se questionava aos responsáveis pelo serviço de eletrotermofototerapia sobre a ocorrência de efeitos adversos experienciados durante atividades laborais na clínica. Observou-se que a Neuroestimulação Elétrica Transcutânea (TENS) apresentou problemas em 64% dos casos, com 36% devido a irritações cutâneas e 28% a dor. O aparelho de ondas curtas apresentou efeitos adversos em 60%, em que 40% foram queixas de dor e 20% causaram queimaduras leves. Já acerca do ultrassom terapêutico foram relatados efeitos adversos em 52%, sendo 32% de quadros de dor e 20% de casos com náuseas. A laserterapia de baixa potência demonstrou efeito adverso em 36%, com relatos de aumento da sensibilidade local. Por fim, os aparelhos de média frequência apresentaram efeitos adversos em apenas 20% dos casos, de queixas de náuseas. A quantidade de tais efeitos encontrados foi importante, porém sua gravidade não causou grande preocupação.

Hospitalization of the premature newborn baby in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is a significant source of maternal stress, due to factors that interfere with the mother-infant interaction and affect the family dynamics, altering the parental role and interfering with the parental care capacity. This study aimed to describe the process of translation, cultural adaptation, psychometric validation and categorization of the scores of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Parental Belief Scale (NICU: PBS) for Brazilian Portuguese, with parents of hospitalized premature children. This is a methodological validation study with the following steps: translation, back-translation, analysis of the judges committee, pre-test, reexamination of scores and evaluation of psychometric properties. The construct validity was verified in a total sample of 99 fathers and/or mothers of preterm infants by confirmatory and exploratory factorial analysis. The content validity performed by the judges’ committee was adequate, with 90 % agreement for the translation and Kappa of .71. The test-retest obtained an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of .98 and Cronbach's Alpha of .92. In the exploratory factor analysis a structure with three factors was found: trust in the parental role, parent-child interaction and parental knowledge, which explained 56 % of the variance. The parents' Beliefs Scale obtained satisfactory content and reliability, and it was adequate for the application with parents of hospitalized pre-term infants.

The human being does not have static development throughout life. From conception to death, there are physical, psychological, social transformations and modifications, being vulnerable to restrictions. Interventions seek to reduce the effects of these restrictions, as children and adolescents are influenced by impoverished motor experiences in the family and school environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention program on 8-10-year-old schoolchildren in the public school system of Matinhos/PR, Brazil. Ninety-one 8-10-year-old schoolchildren from the 3rd, 4th and 5th grades were evaluated by the Motor Development Scale (MDS). Fifty-four of them presented risk of delay. Of these, 27 who performed weekly physical education classes were randomized into Control Group (CG), and 27 (Experimental Group - EG) to a psychomotor intervention program twice a week for four weeks. After interventions, EG and CG were reassessed. In the analysis of the General Motor Quotient (GMQ), it was verified that in all grades, EG presented a significant increase compared to the moment of evaluation, which was not observed among children in the CG. There was a significant increase in the averages in the reevaluation of CG and GE, however, EG presented significant differences in the Fine Motor and Balance dimensions. Intervention improved GMQ, Fine Motor and Balance compared to traditional Physical Education class.

O objetivo foi avaliar a construção de conceitos biológicos quando os alunos são submetidos a atividades práticas em laboratório. Três turmas de ensino médio participaram (C, E1 e E2), sendo escolhidas sob critérios pré-definidos. E1 e E2 participaram de quatro diferentes aulas práticas em laboratório, enquanto a C apenas assistiu a aulas expositivas. Os grupos realizaram uma avaliação ao final de cada conteúdo abordado, sendo as correções realizadas por três diferentes avaliadores. Não houve diferenças significativas entre as notas dos avaliadores, indicando adequação nos critérios de avaliação inter-avaliadores. Quanto aos grupos, a análise descritiva revelou notas inferiores para o C quando comparado à E1 e E2. Pode-se concluir que as dimensões do ensino teórico não são isoladas do prático, mas que ambos são complementares ao outro, havendo sempre a construção dos conceitos quando ambos são ministrados de forma concomitante pelo professor de biologia.

The present study characterized the plasma glycemic and lipid profiles in full-term newborn babies at birth and correlated these variables with growth markers and maternal clinical and metabolic conditions, to observe if maternal pregnancy conditions can influence metabolic programming in these newborn babies. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected from 162 mother/newborn binomials at birth and at 6 months at a public hospital in Western Paraná State, Brazil. Samples of blood tests for glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were obtained. Two classes of mothers/babies were statistically defined. The glycemic profiles in Class 1, at birth, were 63.0 ± 19.6 mg/dL and at 6 months 80.4 ± 10.6 mg/dL; in Class 2, at birth, they were 66.1 ± 20.8 mg/dL and at 6 months 78.2 ± 9.4 mg/dL. The triglycerides levels in Class 1 and Class 2, at birth, were 124.5 ± 47.8 mg/dL and 132.6 ± 60.2 mg/dL, respectively, and at 6 months they were 139.0 ± 51.5 mg/dL and 115.2 ± 39.9 mg/dL, respectively. Even though most of the pregnant women were overweight at the end of the gestation period, the anthropometric patterns found for babies followed the desirable standards. Furthermore, the average glycemic profile values were between the cutoff standards at birth and at 6 months; however, the triglycerides were above the expected values.

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) on the diaphragm muscle of obese rats fed on a western diet (WD) . Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were fed a standard rodent chow diet (CTL group) or WD ad libitum. After 10 weeks, WD rats were submitted to sham (WD SHAM) or duodenal-jejunal bypass (WD DJB). The structure, ultrastructure, collagen content and the morphometry of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) were analyzed two months after surgery. Results: WD SHAM rats displayed an increase in body weight, the Lee index and retroperitoneal and peri-epididymal fat pads compared to the CTL group. DJB did not alter these parameters. The muscle fiber structure and NMJs were similar in the WD SHAM and CTL groups. However, the WD SHAM group showed alterations in the fiber ultrastructure, such as loosely arranged myofibrils and Z line disorganization. In addition, WD SHAM animals presented a considerable amount of lipid droplets and a reduction in the percentage of collagen compared to the CTL group. DJB did not affect the structure or ultrastructure of the muscle fibers or the NMJs in the diaphragm of the WD DJB animals. Conclusion: Duodenal-jejunal bypass did not improve the alterations observed in the diaphragm of western diet obese-rats.

This study aimed to analyze litterfall production and seed rain of a fragment of seasonal semideciduous forest from western of Parana state with 242 ha, which is known as Santa Maria Farm’s Private Nature Reserve. The material was collected from June/2011 to May/2012, in nine plots of 20 x 20 m, using four traps of 0,5 x 0,5 m in each plot. The litter was sorted and weighed, and the seed rain was evaluated as the wealth, life form, successional category and dispersal syndrome of the species found. The annual litterfall production was 11.886 kg ha -1 , being August and September the months of the largest production. The leaf fraction was the most representative with 58,52% of the total . In the seed rain were collected 18.300 seeds, distributed in 79 morphospecies, which 51 were identified to species level, eight at the genus level and six at the family level. Mikania sp., Cecropia pachystachya , Pisonia aculeata , Gouania ulmifolia and Dendropanax cuneatus , were the species with the highest relative densities. The months with the highest abundance of seeds were September (19%), October (20%), November (27%) and March (15%). The life form predominant was tree with 76,27% of the species, followed by climbers with 20,34% and herbaceous with 3,39% only. Among the tree species, 37 % were represented by successional category of pioneer, while the early and late secondary categories accounted for 22% each and the climax 20%. The zoochory predominated among dispersal syndromes (52,54%), while anemochory and autocory occurred in 38,98% and 8,47%, respectively. The results were similar to those found in other works performed in late seasonal semideciduous forest. Furthermore, through this study about litterfall production and seed rain, the forest fragment can be considered an area of mature forest and with high regeneration potential.

Quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study to analyze prenatal care in a Regional Health District in the State of Paraná, Brazil, between 2012 and 2013. The data were collected from monthly and annual reports, using a tool with assessment indicators according to the matrices of the Rede Mãe Paranaense (Network of Mothers in the State of Paraná) Program. According to the program recommendations, the cities in the Regional Health District studied obtained unsatisfactory results concerning the start of prenatal care in the first term and the accomplishment of rapid HIV and syphilis tests, in view of total rates inferior to 70%. Concerning the records and information on prenatal care practice, absence of information was found on the number of pregnant women who were immunized and went through dentral appointments, as well as a possible delay to register the data in the information systems. Concerning the implementation of the Rede Mãe Paranaense Program in 2012, other studies are suggested to assess the prenatal health care actions and their records.

Abstract AIMS the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a supervised dance intervention based on video game choreography on isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee peak of torque (PT), quadriceps and hamstrings cross sectional area (CSA) and functionality in community-dwelling older women. METHODS Forty-seven older women were allocated in Control Group (CG, n=25) and Intervention Group (IG, n=22). The IG performed dance based on video game choreography (Dance Central, XBOX 360®, Kinect), during 12 weeks, ~40 minutes, 3x/week, without foam (1-6week) and with foam and visual disturbances (7-12 week). The pretest-training-posttest assessments included: isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee PT and CSA (Magnetic resonance imaging) of quadriceps and hamstrings and functional tests. RESULTS The light-to-moderate-intensity 12-weeks training increased 8.5% the eccentric PT of quadriceps at 60°/s (p=0.04) and 1.3% quadriceps CSA (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dance training based on video game choreography can enhance PT and induce hypertrophy in community-dwelling older women.

ABSTRACT It was aimed to evaluate three treatments for forest restoration in an area with periodic elevation of the groundwater, in the Corredor de Biodiversidade Santa Maria, located between the cities of Santa Teresinha de Itaipu and São Miguel do Iguaçu, in Paraná state. The treatments were: control, green manure and soil solarization. It was performed a monthly monitoring of mortality and development of 12 tree native species of the region and the persistence of two invasive species present in the area, Megathyrsus maximus (coloniao grass) and Cyperus rotundus (coco grass). Furthermore, it was evaluated the changes introduced in the soil by three soil samples during the experiment. After over a year of assessment, the treatments showed no statistically significant differences on the evaluations. The mortality was more pronounced in January (12.08%), with a higher percentage for Cabralea canjerana (canjarana) and lower for Luehea divaricata (açoita-cavalo). About the seedlings development, growth was higher for: Sapium glandulatum (leiteiro-do-banhado), Croton urucurana (sangra-d’água) and Luehea divaricata , with monthly increases in diameter of 3.66 mm to 4.12 mm, and height of 12.39 cm to 17.02 cm. Regarding the dry mass of ‘colonião’ grass and coco grass (nutsedge) in all treatments, the highest values were found in January (94.14 g m -2 ) and February (132.76 g m -2 ), remaining low throughout the experiment. Through soil analyzes, it was observed that treatments showed no significant differences, however, the physical and chemical changes in the soil were sensitive to the invasive species management, which may lead to new modifications during the growth of seedlings.

The objective of the study is to analyze the different dimensions of the longshoremen´s workload and its influence in the processes of health/disorder. The study characterizes itself as a transversal, descriptive and exploratory one and was developed between the years of 2010 and 2013 in the city of Paranagua, Parana. The sample was composed by 300 male subjects, union longshoremen belonging to the Labor Management Office (in the original Órgão Gestor de Mão de Obra - OMGO) of the State of Parana. Included in the data collection instruments were: a survey related to the profile of the interviewed professionals, a survey for the low back pain risk evaluation, Nordic survey and field observations. The analysis showed that they are workers with an average of 20 years of work, in an activity marked by family or friendship relationships, in which not only important physical demands are present, but also mental demands are not negligible. There are many health issues like the very high risk of low back pain (74, 7%), and a very frequent feeling of mental and physical tiredness at the end of a workday. Those who feel more tired are also those with more musculoskeletal complaints in various body regions. The data indicate an association between work organization and mental work load.

BACKGROUND: Piercings are body embellishments commonly seen in young people, however their inherent risk of infection and scarring disorders are less divulged. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of body piercings among medical students and their possible dermatologic consequences. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 58 medical students, by means of a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, technical issues related to the piercing and characteristics of the dermatologic complications. RESULTS: The sample was predominantly female (86.2%), with mean age 24 ± 3 years. The placement of the first piercing occurred during adolescence (median age 15), without medical supervision (91.4%) or knowledge of parents/guardians (74%). Most piercings were made of metal alloy/stainless steel, in a dumbbell model (51.7%), inserted in the umbilical area (53.5%) or ear (41.4%), with frequent cutaneous reactions in the first six months post-piercing. Hypertrophic scarring, pain, swelling and infection (p

Objetivou-se avaliar um plantio de enriquecimento com 12 espécies arbóreas nativas da região, em uma área reflorestada do Corredor de Biodiversidade Santa Maria, localizado entre os Municípios de Santa Terezinha de Itaipu e São Miguel do Iguaçu, no Paraná. Objetivou-se, também, avaliar a persistência da espécie invasora Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs, conhecido como capim-colonião, e alterações nas características físicas e químicas do solo. As avaliações consistiram no acompanhamento mensal da mortalidade e desenvolvimento das mudas e da massa de matéria seca obtida no manejo do capim-colonião. As alterações promovidas no solo foram verificadas por meio de três coletas de solo ao longo do experimento. A mortalidade alcançou 24,38%, sendo mais acentuada nos dois primeiros meses, janeiro (11,88%) e fevereiro (5,63%). Em relação ao desenvolvimento das mudas, destacaram-se as espécies Aloysia virgata (Ruiz & Pav.) Juss. (lixeira) e Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Ravenna (paineira), com acréscimos mensais em diâmetro de 0,80 mm e 0,60 mm e em altura de 5,80 cm e 1,74 cm, respectivamente. O controle do capim-colonião pela metodologia aplicada foi eficiente, não havendo reincidência considerável ao longo dos meses. Por meio das análises de solo, foi possível observar que a recuperação da área, mesmo que por período curto, mostrou-se eficiente na alteração das características físicas e químicas do solo, podendo ainda levar a novas modificações em decorrência do desenvolvimento das mudas.

A saliva é um importante fluido bucal que contém um grande número de constituintes orgânicos e inorgânicos que promovem a proteção dos tecidos bucais. Ela é importante para a preservação e manutenção da saúde bucal, embora ainda receba pouca atenção por parte dos clínicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar o pH salivar em uma população bem caracterizada de indivíduos residentes em Curitiba, Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: A saliva total estimulada foi coletada de 536 indivíduos não aparentados em diferentes faixas etárias: Gi. 0-10 (n=91); Gii. 11-20 (n=196); Giii. 21-59 (n=195) e Giv. 60-75 (n=54) anos de idade. As amostras foram analisadas em um pHmetro digital da marca Micronal®. Durante a coleta de saliva, os indivíduos receberam instruções de higiene bucal. Resultados: Os valores de pH observados em cada grupo foram: Gi. 7.54 (±0.32); Gii. 7.45 (±0.34); Giii. 7.30 (±0.40) e Giv. 7.08 (±0.42), respectivamente. Estes resultados mostram um decréscimo significativo no pH bucal com o avanço da idade (p> 0,05). Conclusão: Existe diferença significante no pH salivar nos indivíduos estudados.

We documented litter production and seed rain in fragments of semideciduous forest (SDF) in the western part of the state of Paraná, Brazil: a late successional fragment (LF); an early successional fragment (EF); and a reforested late successional fragment (RLF). In each fragment, we established three permanent plots with four litter traps each, corresponding to 12 litter traps per fragment. Botanical material was collected monthly between June 2011 and May 2012. We sorted the material by category: leaves; branches; reproductive structures; and miscellaneous. We analyzed the seed rain using the reproductive structures. Annual production was highest (11,560 kg.ha-1) in the LF, followed by the RLF, with 9330 kg.ha-1, and the EF, with 7838 kg.ha-1. The RLF yielded 7167 diaspores, from 33 species, compared with 4751 diaspores, from 38 species, for the EF; in both fragments, pioneer and anemochorous species predominated. The LF yielded 2173 diaspores, from 49 species, among which late secondary and climax species with zoochorous dispersal predominated. We observed asynchrony in the frequency of diaspore production of trees and lianas. Our data describe the dynamics of plant assemblages in SDF fragments and provide information on successional stages, dispersion syndromes, patterns of asynchrony, deciduousness, reproductive periods, and resource availability for frugivores.

Objective : Describe the functional, clinical and quality of life (QoL) profiles in patients with cervical dystonia (CD) with residual effect or without effect of botulinum toxin (BTX), as well as verify the existence of correlation between the level of motor impairment, pain and QoL. Method : Seventy patients were assessed through the Craniocervical dystonia questionnaire-24 (CDQ-24) and the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS). Results : The greater the disability, pain and severity of dystonia, the worse the QoL (p

OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência de lesões musculoesqueléticas em surfistas do litoral paranaense. MÉTODOS: Sessenta homens (27±6 anos) responderam questionário semiestruturado relativo à prática do surf (categoria, tempo de prática e diário, frequência semanal e exercícios antes e/ou após a prática) e características das lesões ocasionadas por este esporte. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados por distribuição de frequência relativa. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se 70% de surfistas recreacionais, 28% amadores e 2% profissionais, que surfavam há 10 anos ou mais. A maioria surfava entre 2 a 4 vezes por semana, de 2 a 4 horas por dia. O exercício mais realizado antes da prática do esporte era o alongamento em membros superiores e inferiores, e, nenhum tipo de exercício depois da prática. A lesão mais prevalente foi a contusão (29%), o segmento mais acometido foram os membros inferiores (46%) e a causa mais comum de lesão foi em decorrência do contato com a prancha (52%). O período de afastamento mais citado foi entre 1 a 3 meses e o tratamento realizado mais frequentemente foram medicamentosos. CONCLUSÕES: Houve predomínio da categoria surfistas recreacionais com prevalência de contusão em membros inferiores, decorrente do contato com a prancha, sendo tratadas com medicamentos e afastamentos. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Estimation of the Salivary Iron in Children with Dental Caries: A Pilot Study

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of Trichlorfon on the growth of cultured fishes. Using Oreochromis niloticus as fish model, bioassays were performed in the laboratory and field. Biometry was performed for 16 weeks. The treatment started after the sixth week of biometry, with the application of five weekly doses of 0.25 ppm of Trichlorfon. Growth data were compared by longitudinal analyses. In the laboratory, the treated fishes showed a reduction of growth; however, the statistical significance was only seen in the variable weight. In the field, the growth of treated fish was higher than that of the controls. This suggested that the treatment should be done in tanks with lower relative biomass to maintain the good zootechnic characteristics of fishes.O atual crescimento da piscicultura nacional tem aumentado a incidência de enfermidades parasitárias que promovem perdas econômicas. Atualmente são utilizados tratamentos com organofosforados para o combate das parasitoses (e.g.: Trichlorfon). Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência de Trichlorfon sobre o crescimento de peixes criados em cativeiro. Utilizando como peixe modelo a tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus), foram realizados bioensaios em laboratório e em ambiente de cultivo. Foram feitas biometrias do peso e comprimento total dos animais durante 16 semanas. O tratamento teve início após a sexta semana de biometria, sendo aplicadas cinco doses de 0,25 ppm de Trichlorfon, uma por semana. Os dados foram gerenciados através de análises longitudinais. Em laboratório, os peixes tratados apresentaram uma redução das taxas de crescimento, sendo significativa apenas para a variável peso. Em ambiente de cultivo, o crescimento foi maior nos peixes tratados do que nos controles. Tais resultados indicam que mesmo sendo tóxico, a ação deletéria do Trichlorfon é diretamente proporcional à biomassa relativa (gramas de peixe por litro). Estes resultados sugerem que os tratamentos com produtos que têm como princípio ativo o Trichlorfon devem ser realizados em viveiros/tanques com baixa biomassa relativa/densidade, para evitar o prejuízo da higidez e das características zootécnicas do plantel.

This study evaluated feeding patterns and ontogenetic variations in a non-native fish species (Plagioscion squamosissimus) in an isolated lake in the Upper Paraná River floodplain. Quarterly samplings were performed from April 2005 to February 2006 using plankton nets to capture larvae, seining nets for juveniles, and gill nets and trammel for adults. Stomach contents (n = 378) were examined according to the volumetric method in which the volume of each food item was estimated using graduated test tubes or a glass counting plate. During early development (larval stage), P. squamosissimus consumed mainly Cladocera and Copepoda. Juveniles showed a more diverse diet, including shrimp (Macrobrachium amazonicum), fish, aquatic insects (Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera, Chironomidae and pupae of Diptera) and plants. It was notable the high proportion of cannibalism (23.3%) in this stage. Adults consumed predominantly shrimp and fish. The use of food resources varied significantly between development stages (ANOSIM; r = 0.458; p

Resumo A hospitalização do recém-nascido prematuro em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal é uma fonte significativa de estresse materno, devido a fatores que interferem na interação mãe-bebê e abalam a dinâmica familiar, alterando o papel parental e interferindo na capacidade de cuidado dos pais. Nesse sentido, este estudo objetivou descrever o processo de tradução, adaptação cultural, validação psicométrica e categorização dos escores da escala Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Parental Belief Scale (meu: PBS) para o português do Brasil, com pais de crianças prematuras hospitalizadas. Estudo metodológico de validação com as etapas: tradução, retrotradução, análise do comitê de juízes, pré-teste, reexame das pontuações e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas. A validade de construto foi verificada em uma amostra total de 99 pais de recém-nascidos prematuros, pela análise fatorial confirmatoria e exploratória. A validade de conteúdo realizada pelo comitê de juizes mostrou-se adequada, com concordância para tradução de 90 % e Kappa de .71. O teste-reteste obteve Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse de .98 e Alfa de Cronbach de .92. Abrangeu-se na análise fatorial exploratória estrutura com três fatores que explicaram 56 % da variância: confiança no papel parental; interação pais e filho, e conhecimento dos pais. A escala de crenças dos pais conquistou validade de conteúdo e confiabilidade satisfatória, além de se apresentar adequada para a aplicação com pais de recém-nascidos prematuros hospitalizados.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi o de avaliar a implementação da Rede Mãe Paranaense em três Regionais de Saúde (RS) do Paraná: 9ª, 10ª e 17ª. A pesquisa avaliou a Rede nos anos anteriores (2010, 2011) e posteriores (2012, 2013) a sua implantação. Optou-se por coleta de dados documental, com formulário validado contemplando cinco domínios, cuja média resultou no Índice Avaliativo (IA), dos quais se considerou adequados valores acima de 70 e inadequados, abaixo desse valor. A 10ª RS apresentou o melhor IA após implantação da rede, seguida da 17ª, e a 9ª não atingiu valores adequados, mostrando necessidade de melhorar a estrutura da rede, principalmente em relação à qualificação dos profissionais quanto aos sistemas de informação.

RESUMO Pesquisa avaliativa que analisou aspectos da gestão do trabalho e da formação dos médicos que participaram do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, ciclos I e II. Dados secundários, obtidos em bancos públicos, revelaram que nos ciclos I e II, respectivamente, a representação médica entre os respondentes do Módulo II foi de 5,77% e 5,66%; em sua maioria, atua há menos de dois anos (51% e 53%); possui administração direta como agente contratante (60,73% e 61,80%); é de servidores públicos estatutários (37,26% e 35,41%); ingressou por meio de concurso público (41,61% e 41,40%); e não possui plano de carreira (67,47% e 70,23%). Conclui-se que a formação médica deve contemplar, também, formação política para favorecer a participação mais ativa dos médicos nos processos decisórios e de trabalho das equipes de Atenção Primária à Saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate sleep quality and daytime sleepiness of residents and medical students. Methods: we applied a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to a population of residents and medical students. Results: hundred five residents and 101 undergraduate medical students participated. Residents presented higher mean PSQI (6.76±2.81) with poorer sleep quality when compared with undergraduates (5.90±2.39); Both had similar measures of sleepiness by ESS (p=0.280), but residents showed lower duration and lower subjective sleep quality. Conclusion: medical students and residents presented sleep deprivation, indicating the need for preventive actions in the medical area.

Abstract Introduction: Diplegic children have difficulties in gait and therefore ramps are used as strategies of accessibility. Objective: The present study investigated the influence of an inclined surface (ascending and descending) on the kinematic characteristics during gait of the diplegic group (DG) when compared to typically developing children of the control group (CG). Methods: Study participants included 20 children (10 with DG and 10 CG) matched by age, which were evaluated in three experimental conditions (horizontal and inclined ascending and inclined descending surfaces of 7º) through an optoelectronic imaging system. Results: Among the linear kinematic variables, only step width differed among groups, however, without influence of the surface. The foot height differed among the groups only in the descending phase, where DG had greater difficulty in raising the foot. The 3-dimensional gait analyses could not provide more evidences of differences in kinematics variables, especially in transverse plane, between DG and CG, but provide some evidence to support that hip range of motion (ROM) during the gait cycle, hip flexion-extension in initial contact, knee ROM and the 2nd anterior-posterior trunk peak amplitude of the DG were influenced on descent by their flexor pattern. Conclusion: The DG was most affected by the inclination plane than CG especially on descent. Although a hip and knee flexor pattern is evident for DG on inclination of 7º, this angle is accessible since it allows independent gait functional activity.

AbstractIntroduction Physical exercise is indicated to reduce the incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms in teachers.Objective To evaluate the effects of muscular endurance training on muscle strength and musculoskeletal symptoms related to the lower limbs of public elementary school teachers.Materials and methods Thirty-one female teachers were divided into two groups: control (CG, n = 15) and muscular endurance training (TG, n = 16). The training consisted of two sets of 15 repetitions of exercises for quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups, twice a week, for 7 weeks, which were conducted with 50% of 10 repetition maximum(10RM) (first to fourth week) and 60% of 10 RM (fifth to seventh week). Musculoskeletal symptoms (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire), isometric peak torque (Load cell) and muscle strength (10RM) were assessed before and after intervention. ANOVA for repeated measures and Tukey post hoc were used to analyse strength and peak torque of quadriceps and hamstrings and Chi-square goodness-of-fit test were used to analyse the frequency of occurrence of osteomuscular symptoms.Results The highest incidence of symptoms was found in the lumbar region in both groups. Training caused increased muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings, but there were no significant differences in either the peak torque in the quadriceps and hamstrings or in the reduction of musculoskeletal symptoms.Conclusion The exercise program performed in this study increased the dynamic strength in the TG in relation to the CG, but did not alter the incidence of symptoms in the lumbar region and lower limbs in neither of the groups. Thus, results suggest that the duration of intervention may not have been enough to increase peak torque and decrease musculoskeletal symptoms.

Objective The aims of this study were to evaluate the reliability of three range of motion tests (Straight Leg Raise, Modified Thomas, and Duncan-Ely) using photographic measurements in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (SD) and with typical development (TD). Methods A cross-sectional test-retest design was applied to compare muscle-tendon unit shortening tests between groups. Results The tests showed reliability that ranged from good to excellent (ICC > 0.8), except for the Thomas Test for the bi-articular hip flexor muscle-tendon unit of the TD group (ICC = 0.7). Differences between groups were found in all tests (p < 0.05), except when the range of motion of the bi-articular hip flexor muscles was assessed using the Thomas test (p > 0.05). Conclusion Children with SD presents a smaller range of motion than the TD group. However, the Thomas Test for the bi-articular hip flexor muscles was unable to determine differences between children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy from that with typical development.

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study evaluated the anthropometric and metabolic profiles of preterm infants (PT) born from mothers with urinary tract infections (UTI) and mothers with hypertensive disorders (HD). Method: This was a longitudinal prospective study conducted between May 2015 and August 2016. First, 59 mothers with premature birth were included; after excluding 29 mothers, two subgroups were created: UTI-mothers (n=12) and HD-mothers (n=18). The anthropometric and metabolic variables of mothers and their respective PT were analyzed at birth and at 6 months of corrected age (CA). Results: Plasma triglyceride levels were higher among HD-mothers and their respective PT in comparison with UTI-mothers and their PT at 6 m of CA. Conclusion: Plasma triglyceride level is an important metabolic biomarker in HD-mothers resulting in higher triglyceride levels among PT at the CA of 6 m, suggesting an early programming effect of maternal hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: How much force is needed to stretch skeletal muscle is still unknown. The aim of this study was to develop a device that mechanically stretches rat muscle to compare the force (N) required to stretch the soleus muscle of young and aged rats and the tibio-tarsal angle joint at neutral and stretched positions. METHODS: Twelve female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a young group (YG, n=6, 311±11 g) of rats 3 months old and an aged group (AG, n=6, 351±43 g) of rats 15 months old. The left soleus muscle was mechanically held in full dorsal flexion and submitted to mechanical passive stretching: 1 bout of 10 repetitions, each repetition lasted 60 seconds with an interval of 45 seconds between repetitions, performed once a day, twice a week, for 1 week. The force required during stretching was measured by a load cell, and the tibio-tarsal angle joint was measured by photometry. RESULTS: The load cell calibration showed excellent reliability, as confirmed by the intraclass correlation coefficient value of 0.93. A decrease in delta force was found in the comparison between YG and AG (0.11±0.03 N vs 0.08±0.02 N, p