Search

Introduction: Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is a rare neoplasm that accounts for less than 5% of all pleural tumors. We present the case of a 73-year-old man with a history of recurrent episodes of severe hypoglycemia secondary to a large malignant SFTP. This paraneoplastic manifestation of SFTP occurs in less than 5% of cases and is referred to as Doege-Potter syndrome. Although rare, this is an important and reversible cause of hypoglycemia, which is resolved by complete surgical resection of the tumor. We describe the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Doege-Potter syndrome. Key imaging findings and pathologic correlation are shown., Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Vol. 28 No. 4 (2021): October - December

A autonomia que os enfermeiros de Cuidados Intensivos detêm no cuidado ao doente crítico, está relacionada com o grande leque de competências que possuem. É essencial desenvolver um processo de integração com estratégias de apoio, suporte e orientação, centradas no desenvolvimento de habilidades e aquisição de competências, que promova a independência e autonomia de novos enfermeiros na transição para uma prática de cuidados segura ao doente crítico. O presente relatório pretende apresentar o Projeto de Intervenção Profissional desenvolvido durante o Estágio Final, que teve como objetivo primordial fomentar uma abordagem padronizada e estruturada durante o processo de integração de novos enfermeiros, através da conceção de uma Guia de Integração para Enfermeiros numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente. Simultaneamente, é feita uma análise fundamentada e reflexão crítica acerca do processo de desenvolvimento e aquisição de competências de Mestre em Enfermagem, bem como de competências comuns de Enfermeiro Especialista e competências específicas de Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na vertente da Pessoa em Situação Crítica.

The goal of cancer treatment is to fight and/or control cancer. The aim of this study was to review and meta-analyse the incidence of main oral complications in paediatric oncology during chemotherapy. The search results were obtained from B-on, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases. Of 1032 articles potentially relevant, 13 were included in this review. The overall incidence of caries, gingivitis, ulcers, mucositis, and candidiasis was 67.8%, 55.6%, 44.2%, 41.6%, and, 29.5%, respectively. During chemotherapy, paediatric patients with cancer present higher incidence of caries and gingivitis. Incidence rate meta-analysis show high heterogeneity. More studies should be done to reduce uncertainty.

Borderline Ovarian Tumours (BOTs) are an interesting subset of epithelial neoplasms defined histologically by atypical epithelial proliferation without stromal invasion. These tumours typically affect young women in the reproductive age group and have a good prognosis. Although ultrasonography is the primary screening imaging technique in the evaluation of any suspected adnexal mass, grey-scale and colour Doppler have limited value in characterizing BOTs. Thus, a pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended for further characterization on account of its multiplanar capabilities, excellent soft-tissue contrast and high spatial resolution. BOTs histological subtypes display specific features on MRI that are useful in differential diagnosis. However, the final diagnosis and staging of BOTs require pathologic evaluation after surgical excision. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe, illustrate and compare the imaging characteristics of the different subtypes of BOTs – serous, mucinous and seromucinous – focusing on MRI, as well as to correlate with pathology findings considering the recent 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, in order to improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis and facilitate optimal patient management.

Dissertação de mestrado em Design e Marketing de Produto Têxtil, Vestuário e Acessórios, Nos dias correntes é normal, e já quase um requisito, para qualquer empresa ter um plano de marketing e uma marca que a represente. Atualmente, o mercado exige isso como ferramenta de trabalho e como garantia de credibilidade da empresa. Contudo, a criação de uma marca implica o estudo de diversas questões em termos de imagem, fonética, simbologia e valor que precisam ser analisados. Uma marca é como que um rosto e uma personalidade de uma empresa. Surge em defesa dos seus valores, da qualidade dos seus produtos e em representação daquilo que a firma é capaz de fazer. Em suma, é aquilo que os clientes retêm mentalmente quando pensam na empresa e é o que lhes fica na memória quando estão satisfeitos e pretendem consumir repetidamente os produtos desta marca. A Têxteis Massal, empresa têxtil produtora de artigos de roupa de cama na qual assumo o cargo de designer, carece deste serviço, sendo por isso uma empresa que trabalha apenas para private label. Fortemente posicionada na Europa, a Massal começa a sentir a dificuldade de se apresentar em novos mercados, isto porque não contempla esta questão tão aclamada – a marca. Foi numa visita da diretora comercial da empresa a um cliente americano que se verificou claramente esta carência, e é daí que surge a ideia da criação de uma marca para Têxteis Massal. Uma marca que possa ser uma chave para a porta do mercado internacional, especificamente para o mercado americano, uma marca que dignifique a qualidade dos produtos e o valor da empresa, uma marca que possa ser intemporal e que acompanhe a evolução dos tempos, uma marca que possa ser o início de uma nova era para a empresa., It’s normal nowadays and already almost a requirement, for any company to have a marketing plan and a brand that represents it. Currently, the market requires this as a working tool and as a guarantee of the credibility of the company. However, the creation of a brand implies the study of several issues in terms of image, phonetics, symbology and value that need to be analyzed. A brand is like a face and a personality of a company. It arises in defense of its value, the quality of its products and in representation of what the firm is able to do. In short, it is what customers retain in mind when they think of the company and what is in their memory when they are satisfied and intend to repeatedly consume the products. Têxteis Massal, a textile company producing bedding in which i hold the position of designer, lacks this service, so it is a company which works only for private label. Strongly positioned in Europe, Massal is beginning to feel the difficulty of presenting itself to new markets, this is because it does not contemplate this acclaimed issue – the brand. This was clearly seen when the commercial director paid a visit to an american client. A brand which may have a key that can open the door of the international market, specifically for the american market, a brand that dignifies the quality of the products and the value of the company, a brand that can be timeless and that follows the evolution of the time, a brand that may be the beginning of a new era for the company.

Relatório de Estágio de Mestrado, Educação e Formação (Área de Especialidade em Organização e Gestão da Educação e da Formação), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2021 Submitted by Biblioteca FPIE-ULisboa (bibliorul@fpie.ulisboa.pt) on 2021-03-26T16:04:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfpie055843_tm.pdf: 1187338 bytes, checksum: 2fad061a68d720b80e50435e21ce98d5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-26T16:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfpie055843_tm.pdf: 1187338 bytes, checksum: 2fad061a68d720b80e50435e21ce98d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Submitted by Tania Riboira (biblioteca@isssp.pt) on 2020-02-10T19:14:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Lopes.pdf: 24574025 bytes, checksum: cbaf75c62a5a830fd10cc9b8b57b365f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-10T19:14:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Lopes.pdf: 24574025 bytes, checksum: cbaf75c62a5a830fd10cc9b8b57b365f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-12-11

O percurso do jornalismo local é controverso. Embora ninguém negue a sua importância e o papel que desempenha no desenvolvimento de certas comunidades, o jornalismo local e regional parece antiquado e pode ter-se perdido no caminho da modernização e na adaptação a um mundo digital, caminho que grande parte dos meios de comunicação nacional já alcançou. O presente relatório de estágio pretende perceber em que pé está o jornalismo de proximidade em Portugal, onde começou e que problemas enfrenta. No contexto de um estágio na editoria Local do jornal Público, este relatório pretende perceber que tipos de conteúdos são produzidos nesta secção e as suas diferenças em vários pontos de análise, uma vez que é a única em todo o jornal que produz diferentes conteúdos consoante as duas redações que o Público possui em território português: Porto e Lisboa. The course of local journalism is controversial. Although no one can deny its importance, the role that this type of journalism plays in the development of certain communities, local and regional journalism seems to have lost itself in a world of modernity, and in the adaptation to a digital world, a path that most of the national media has already reached. The present has the main goal to understand where journalism of proximity stands in Portugal, where it started and what problems it faces today. In the context of an internship in the local section of Público newspaper, this report will also analyze what type of content is produced, having in mind that this section is the only one in the whole newspaper that veries from the two newsrooms that Público has in Porto and Lisbon

Biodegradable polymers such as PLA have been studied for medical applications, human ligament repair is one of such cases. However, these materials can be applied in other sectors as aerospace, aeronautics, automotive, food packaging. PLA presents a relatively brittle on the mode I fracture behavior, being often blend with other biodegradable or non-degradable polymers to improve its fracture energy. For some existing applications, PLA components exhibit accumulated permanent deformation resulting from dynamic mechanical inputs, resulting on failure by laxity of parts. Aiming the improvement of PLA mechanical properties, the inclusion of carbon nanofillers into PLA matrix, in particular, CNT-COOH and GNP have been developed, due to their strong sp2 carbon-carbon bondings and their geometric arrangement that enhance mechanical properties of the polymer matrix. PLA and nanocomposites were produced by melt blending followed by compression moulding in a hot press, with small weight percentages of nanofillers added to the matrix. Nanocomposites dispersion was evaluated by SEM. Quasi static tensile tests were performed on a mechanical testing machine (Instron™ ElectroPuls E1000) along with strain field measurements of specimens with centred crack with digital image correlation, revealing strain distribution along specimens.

A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória sistémica, crónica e recorrente, muito comum, que afeta a pele e/ou articulações. Tem diversas variantes clínicas, sendo a psoríase em placas ou vulgar, a mais comum. Cerca de 20% dos doentes apresenta a forma moderada a grave desta variante. Com o tratamento convencional, nalguns doentes existe ausência ou perda de eficácia, efeitos colaterais ou resposta insuficiente, pelo que nas últimas décadas, com o avanço dos conhecimentos da fisiopatologia da psoríase, foram desenvolvidos fármacos com alvos cada vez mais específicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os novos tratamentos para a psoríase em placas moderada a grave, em adultos. Para a elaboração deste artigo foi realizada uma revisão de literatura na base de dados PubMed e ClinicalTrials.gov para informação acerca dos fármacos já aprovados, assim como resultados de ensaios clínicos das terapias sistémicas emergentes atualmente em fase III. Os inibidores do TNF-α, uma classe pioneira entre os biológicos aprovados para esta doença, têm sido utilizados desde há vários anos com sucesso. No entanto, também apresentam limitações, pelo que tem sido realizada uma investigação clínica focada na procura de novos alvos terapêuticos. A descoberta da participação da via IL-23/Th17 na psoríase abriu caminho para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos imunomoduladores, com resultados encorajadores que validam o papel pro-inflamatório desta via na doença. Também novos fármacos disponíveis por via oral, as “pequenas moléculas”, estão em desenvolvimento para o tratamento de psoríase. Na prática, não há um tratamento que seja o mais correto para todos os doentes com psoríase em placas moderada a grave, em termos de eficácia, segurança, regime de dosagem e via de administração. Apesar dos novos fármacos terem um longo caminho a percorrer até serem aprovados, eles representam uma promessa de tratamento mais direcionado, eficaz e seguro, com menor interferência com outras funções biológicas e melhor controlo da doença.

This project had the financial support of Programa Operacional das Pescas – 31-03-05- FEP-0042/PROMAR (União Europeia e Estado Português), within the project “Anelídeos Poliquetas como Isco Vivo em Portugal: Gestão da Apanha, Importação e Cultivo”. This study had also the support of FCT (Science and Technology Foundation), through the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2013 and UID/MAR/04292/2019 granted to MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre. J. Canning-Clode was supported by a starting grant in the framework of the 2014 FCT Investigator Programme (IF/01606/2014/CP1230/ CT0001). Polychaete annelids are some of the most heavily harvested invertebrates collected in coastal areas and estuaries for their economic value as live fishing bait or as food supplement in aquaculture activities. However, information on bait digging in Portugal is scarce or incomplete. Thus, the present study aimed at investigating the bait digging activity in the four most relevant brackish water systems in Portugal: Ria de Aveiro and Ria Formosa coastal lagoons and Tagus and Sado estuaries. Direct observations were performed in each brackish water system 1 h and a half before and after the diurnal low spring tide (< 0.8m height), on working days. Additionally, logbooks were delivered to bait diggers and two types of surveys were conducted in every system: one to all the intertidal users and the other only to bait diggers. The estimated daily weighted number of bait diggers varied between 31 in the Tagus estuary and 69 in the Ria Formosa coastal lagoon. Diopatra neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1841) was the main target species in Ria de Aveiro (more than 83%), Tagus estuary (more than 60%) and Ria Formosa (more than 90%), while in Sado estuary most of the bait diggers targeted Marphysa sp. (92.6%). The highest and lowest amount of polychaete annelid catches were estimated for Ria de Aveiro coastal lagoon (almost 50 tons per year) and Tagus estuary (11 tons per year), respectively. A total annual bait catch value in these four systems was estimated as €3.84 millions. The most important brackish water systems concerning bait diggers’ number and bait captures were Sado estuary and Ria de Aveiro coastal lagoon where management measures should be considered, although managing polychaete harvesting activity is still difficult due to limited information on harvesting and on direct and indirect impacts on population dynamics. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O estudo da reserva cognitiva e das funções executivas é uma temática que pode ser bastante benéfica na intervenção precoce dos idosos. Uma vez que a pirâmide etária se está a inverter, torna-se ainda mais pertinente este estudo, de modo a promover o bem-estar e qualidade de vida dos idosos. Desse modo o principal objetivo deste estudo quantitativo é perceber a relação entre a reserva cognitiva e as funções executivas numa amostra de idosos e foi atingido através de uma avaliação feita a partir de um conjunto de testes que avaliam a memória de trabalho, o planeamento e a inibição. Esta dissertação tem como grande objetivo perceber se existe relação entre a reserva cognitiva e as funções executivas. Para que fosse possível realizar esta avaliação, participaram neste estudo 101 participantes, sendo 61 do sexo feminino e 40 do sexo masculino. A partir das análises feitas pôde-se concluir que a reserva cognitiva se correlaciona com a escolaridade, e que está correlacionada com todas as funções executivas avaliadas, sendo que com a memória de trabalho e com a planificação existe uma correlação positiva e com a inibição existe uma correlação negativa. A partir dos resultados obtidos, discutem-se as implicações na intervenção precoce em idosos relativamente à melhoria das suas funções executivas. The study of cognitive reserve and executive functions is a topic that can be very beneficial in the early intervention of the elderly. Since our age pyramid is reversing, this study becomes more relevant, in order to promote the well-being and quality of life of the elderly people. This the main objective of this quantitative study is to understand the relationship between the cognitive reserve and the executive functions in a sample of elders, this objective was reached through an evaluation made from a set of tests that evaluate the working memory, planning and inhibition. This dissertation aims to understand if there is a relationship between cognitive reserve and executive functions. In order to make this evaluation possible, 101 participants, 61 female and 40 male participated. From the analyzes made, it was possible to conclude that the cognitive reserve only correlates with schooling, and that is correlated with all the executive functions evaluated, being that a positive correlation between the working memory and planning and a negative correlation with inhibition were found. From the obtained results, the implications in the early intervention in the elderly with respect to the improvement of their executive functions are discussed.

This paper presents a study aiming at characterizing the fatigue crack growth behaviour of the 6082-T6 aluminium alloy using standard CT specimens. The fatigue crack growth threshold is also characterized according to the ASTM E 647 standard. Besides the standard CT specimens with sharp notches, specimens with initial circular notches were also fatigue tested. The threshold stress intensity factor ranges, ΔK th , are compared for the distinct notches under study. The fatigue crack propagation rate in the regime II are obtained using the Paris law. A comparison is made between the CT specimens geometries with distinct notches under consideration. The ΔK th values for the geometry of standard CT specimens present lower values when compared with the geometry of the CT specimens with blunted notches.

Thermoelectric generators can be used in automotive exhaust energy recovery. As car engines operate under wide variable loads, it is a challenge to design a system for operating efficiently under these variable conditions. This means being able to avoid excessive thermal dilution under low engine loads and being able to operate under high load, high temperature events without the need to deflect the exhaust gases with bypass systems. The authors have previously proposed a thermoelectric generator (TEG) concept with temperature control based on the operating principle of the variable conductance heat pipe/thermosiphon. This strategy allows the TEG modules’ hot face to work under constant, optimized temperature. The variable engine load will only affect the number of modules exposed to the heat source, not the heat transfer temperature. This prevents module overheating under high engine loads and avoids thermal dilution under low engine loads. The present work assesses the merit of the aforementioned approach by analysing the generator output during driving cycles simulated with an energy model of a light vehicle. For the baseline evaporator and condenser configuration, the driving cycle averaged electrical power outputs were approximately 320 W and 550 W for the type-approval Worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure Class 3 driving cycle and for a real-world highway driving cycle, respectively.

A amiloidose caracteriza-se pela deposição extracelular de substância amilóide em diferentes órgãos e tecidos. O atingimento pulmonar é raro e pode acontecer de forma isolada ou associado a doença sistémica. Descrevem-se dois casos clínicos. Caso 1: Mulher de 71 anos, com antecedentes de bronquiectasias e síndrome de Sjögren, que referia anorexia, emagrecimento e tosse produtiva. O estudo incluiu uma biópsia pulmonar cirúrgica que demonstrou amiloidose localizada ao aparelho respiratório. Caso 2: Homem de 83anos, ex-fumador, assintomático. Enviado por opacidade nodular em radiografia de tórax de rotina. A biópsia pulmonar transtorácica revelou um tumor amilóide do pulmão (amiloidoma). Estes casos ilustram uma doença rara que no Caso 1 está associada a bronquiectasias e síndrome de Sjögren. O diagnóstico diferencial mais importante é a patologia neoplásica, sendo o diagnóstico definitivo importante, já que a amiloidose pulmonar é geralmente benigna e indolente.

The Mondego estuary (Portugal) has been under environmental pressure since the early 1990s due to different anthropogenic stresses. The system has been studied following benthic communities’ features from an impacted situation until the recovery phase, focusing mostly on macrobenthos. Following the application of mitigation measures in the estuary, this study is focused on the variability of the intertidal meiobenthic and nematode communities in a system that has recovered after different anthropogenic stresses. While at the spatial level (among areas along the eutrophication gradient) no significant differences were observed regarding the structure and function of the nematode communities, at the seasonal level some differences stood out. These results broadly suggest that the system has recovered from the early situations of pressures being, to the best of our knowledge, the first attempt to investigate the variability of intertidal meiobenthic and nematode communities in the scope of a system's recovery along an estuarine gradient of eutrophication. Even if performed in a short timeline, this study provides a good baseline analysis of conditions, being important for future comparisons.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito Tributário e Fiscal, O presente trabalho visa o estudo da natureza jurídica da portagem. Não obstante a denominem, correntemente, como “taxa”, a verdade é que esta designação não é suscetível de lhe atribuir, por si só, natureza jurídica. Nos contratos de concessão estabelece-se a relação entre a Administração Pública e o concessionário e a relação entre o concessionário e o utente beneficiário do serviço. Para classificar esta última, deve valorizar-se a situação concreta da vida, assim como, ter em conta a sua função prática. Pelo que, não se deve inferir da natureza dessa relação através da natureza abstrata que se atribuiu à portagem que, por sua vez, foi obtida através de dados puramente concetuais e normativos. Naturalmente, a classificação da portagem como uma taxa ou como um preço privado tem marcantes efeitos para o utilizador. Isto porque, ao passo que, se se tratar de uma taxa o utilizador para se defender poderá lançar mão da LGT e do CPPT, se se tratar de um preço privado, do não pagamento nunca resultaria um processo de execução fiscal. Destarte, questões como quem possui legitimidade para reclamar a cobrança das portagens, qual o tipo de relação e a (im)possibilidade de recurso à execução fiscal, são alguns dos temas a que procuraremos dar resposta., This paper aims to study the legal nature of the toll. Although it is commonly referred to as a "tax", this designation doesn’t confer to itself the nature of a tax. In the concession contracts there is the relationship established between the Public Administration and the concessionaire and the relationship between the concessionaire and the beneficiary user of the service. The classification of this relationship concerns a concrete situation of life, as well as the analysis of its practical functionality. Therefore, it is wrong to deduce this relation from the abstract nature attributed to the toll, that is also obtained through purely conceptual and normative data. Naturally, the classification of the toll as a tax or a private price has decisive consequences for the user. This happens because, on one hand, if we consider it a tax, the user can use the LGT and the CPPT in their defense. On the other hand, if we consider as a private price, for nonpayment it would never result in a tax execution procedure. So, we will try to find the answers to the questions, such as, who has the legitimacy to demand the collection of tolls, the type of relation and the (im)possibility of using the tax enforcement.

Submitted by azevedo@ufp.pt (azevedo@ufp.pt) on 2018-05-07T15:24:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PPG_26411.pdf: 757127 bytes, checksum: b4d1c55c2d250b97cd38560a01807c9f (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by halves@ufp.pt (halves@ufp.pt) on 2018-05-07T16:15:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PPG_26411.pdf: 757127 bytes, checksum: b4d1c55c2d250b97cd38560a01807c9f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T16:15:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PPG_26411.pdf: 757127 bytes, checksum: b4d1c55c2d250b97cd38560a01807c9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-19

Marine Protected Areas (MPA) can be powerful coastal management tools with several specific goals, although there is debate concerning their effectiveness. There is no consensus regarding the ideal size of MPAs, and actually there is some evidence that perhaps size is not as critical as other specific factors in determining their success in terms of populations’ protection and ecological functions conservation. On the other hand, depending on the objectives, zones with different classification regimes in terms of rules and uses might enable the maintenance of the intended uses. At this light, we examined the case of the small (605 002 m2) rocky shore area of Avencas, near Lisbon, on the Atlantic western Coast of Portugal, which was classified as Biophysical Interest Zone (ZIBA) in 1998, due to its exceptional intertidal biodiversity, after what its protection status became controversial, leading to conflicts with the local population and incompliance with extant regulations. From 2010 efforts were carried out by local authorities to reclassify Avencas as Marine Protected Area, which was achieved in 2016. Monitoring intertidal communities in a MPA and adjacent areas is an effective and low-cost procedure to evaluate the evolution of the biodiversity of rocky shores. Therefore, antedating the creation of the new MPA, assessments of the ZIBA biodiversity were conducted from January 2013 to December 2015 on a monthly basis. This timeline was selected as a function of a change in visitors’ behavior induced from 2013 by several management and outreach initiatives, which increased in a certain extent the user’s compliance with regulations. A positive evolution was expected for density and/or species diversity of the different groups analysed (flora, sessile fauna and mobile fauna) in this three years period. However, a very strong storm occurred in 2014 produced a significant impact and changed large areas of the Avencas rocky shore. As a consequence, results did not display a recognizable recovery pattern of the intertidal communities, and following that extreme event are not even consistent with a hypothesized enhanced recovery capability of the ecosystem in a protected area. This suggests that longer data series are necessary to obtain more robust data regarding natural variability, since alterations caused by extreme events are always likely to occur. Additionally, results illustrate that indeed size matters because it influences the MPA openness, expressed as the ratio of periphery to area, and therefore its susceptibility to external driving forces. Such considerations must be taken into account in any management plan, which in this case should encompass an increase in the intertidal protected area, a new conditioned small-scale fishing regime, and an adequate monitoring programme to evaluate the effectiveness of the new management scheme. This work was financially supported by national funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) strategic plan for MARE (Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre) under the Project UID/ MAR/04292/2013. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Different invertebrate groups are often exploited on sediment shores and mudflats, including polychaetes, sipunculids, bivalves and crustaceans. The commercial importance of polychaetes and sipunculids, that has increased in the early 2000's because of its use as a food source for the aquaculture sector and a growing demand of worms for use as sea angling bait, seems to be declining nowadays. In Portugal bait harvesting from natural populations became insufficient to meet market demands and as a result, polychaetes and sipunculids have been imported in recent years. Due to this it was important to know the ways of the live bait import to Portugal, and to assess the risk of introduction of non-indigenous species associated to that live bait trade. The origin and quantities of imported live bait were determined by examining the landing's records at Lisbon airport, from two periods: 2002-2003 and 2012-2015. Live worms imported to Portugal arrived almost exclusively from China, USA and Vietnam. Monthly import data and bait registers at fish auction landings were significantly correlated, showing that bait captures and imports are directly related to higher bait demand. In addition, the risk of live bait's importation as an introduction vector for non-indigenous species was evaluated by examining the bait boxes content. Five worm species were identified in bait boxes with foreign species: Glycera dibranchiata, Namalycastis rhodochorde, Perinereis cultrifera, Perinereis lines, and Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus. The examination of bait boxes in Portugal suggested that there is a low risk of associated hitchhiker species introduction and dissemination, mostly because of packaging procedures, which should be advised. The same is not true to the non-indigenous live bait species. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved: Programa Operacional das Pescas (Uniao Europeia e Estado Portugues), within the project "Anelideos Poliquetas como Isco Vivo em Portugal: Gestao da Apanha, Importacao e Cultivo" [31-03-05- FEP-0042/PROMAR] FCT (Science and Technology Foundation) [UID/MAR/04292/2013] FCT Investigator Programme [IF/01606/2014/CP1230/CT0001] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Dissertação de mestrado em Industrial Engineering and Management, This dissertation was carried out in the context of the Masters in Industrial Engineering and Management and was developed in the Bosch Production System department in an electronic components company in Braga – Bosch Car Multimedia, S.A. This company, is divided into five business units according to the type of product produced. Each business unit has a Value Stream Manager that is aware of the complete value stream and respective Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s), contributing for a continuous improvement culture. The main goal for this dissertation was to reduce the time spent on the project’s lead time and hence increase the number of projects concluded and the Owners’ motivation. The System Continuous Improvement Processes (CIP) Approach, is a systematic approach for pursuing perfection by creating and executing projects focused on the main problems of the company, improving the company’s KPI’s. This systematic approach is divided into three main steps: System CIP, Point CIP and Daily Management Meeting (DMM). In turn, the System CIP is sub-divided into two steps the System CIP Workshop, a workshop that occurs two times a year (two revisions), and the System CIP Projects where the projects are executed. In each step different problems were identified such as, the high lead time for the project’s conclusion (97 days), the low number of projects concluded in each revision (35%), the lack of training, high amount of time wasted in waiting and the lack of support for the Owner. To solve them, management boards were developed, a training cycle was started to guarantee that everyone involved in the systematic had the proper training for it and the standards missing were created and implemented. With these measures, the systematic was improved, the days needed for the projects conclusion were reduced from 97 to 72, representing a gain of 26%, allowing the inclusion of a new revision per year to create new projects and have the deliverables more rapidly. The percentage of projects concluded per revision increased to 45%, a gain of 10%. It is also expected, the increase of 33% of the company’s annual savings by creating a new revision for the systematic CIP where new projects will be created and hence more wastes eliminated., Esta dissertação foi realizada no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial e foi desenvolvida no departamento Bosch Production System numa empresa de componentes eletrónicos em Braga – Bosch Car Multimédia, S.A. Esta empresa está dividida em cinco unidades de negócio, consoante o produto produzido. Cada unidade de negócio, tem um Value Stream Manager que é responsável por toda a cadeia de valor e respetivos Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) contribuindo para uma cultura de melhoria contínua. O principal objetivo desta dissertação foi a redução do tempo necessário para a conclusão dos projetos e, simultaneamente, o aumento do número de projetos concluídos e da motivação dos Owners. System Continuous Improvement Processes (CIP) Approach é uma sistemática para a perseguição da perfeição através da criação e execução de projetos focados nos principais problemas da empresa e consequente melhoria dos KPI’s. Esta sistemática está dividida em três etapas: System CIP, Point CIP and Daily Management Meeting (DMM). Por sua vez, o System CIP é subdividido em duas etapas, o System CIP Workshop, um workshop que acontece duas vezes por ano (duas revisões) e o System CIP Projects onde os projetos são executados. Em cada etapa da sistemática foram identificados vários problemas, como o elevado tempo para a conclusão de projetos (97 dias), o baixo número de projetos concluídos em cada revisão (35%), a falta de formação, elevado tempo desperdiçado em esperas e a falta de uma figura para suportar o Owner. Para os resolver, foram desenvolvidos quadros para a gestão dos projetos, foi começado um ciclo de formação para garantir que todos os envolvidos nesta sistemática têm o conhecimento para tal e foram desenvolvidos e postos em prática todos os standards em falta. Através da implementação destas medidas, a sistemática foi melhorada, o número de dias necessários para a conclusão dos projetos foi reduzido para 72, representando um ganho de 26%, permitindo o desenvolvimento de uma nova revisão por ano obtendo os entregáveis mais rapidamente. A percentagem de projetos concluídos aumentou para 45%, um ganho de 10%. É também expectável o aumento de 33% das poupanças anuais da fábrica com mais uma revisão para a sistemática CIP onde surgirão mais projetos de melhoria e consequentemente maior será a eliminação de desperdícios.

Introdução: O presente trabalho aborda as diferentes utilizações da tecnologia de Ultrassons na área da Endodontia. Atualmente, a utilização de ultrassons nesta área, ocupa um lugar de destaque, tendo-se tornado num equipamento indispensável nas varias áreas de abordagem, no âmbito do tratamento endodôntico. As aplicações clínicas, em que a utilização da tecnologia ultrassónica assume um papel de destaque, são: o refinamento de cavidades de acesso, localização de canais radiculares, preparação de istmos, remoção de espigões e instrumentos fraturados, ativação de soluções de irrigação, desobturação de canais radiculares, condensação de MTA e preparação apical para retrobturação em cirurgia apical. Objetivos: Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal explorar, através de uma revisão de literatura, a importância e papel do Ultrassons em Endodontia. Procedeu-se a uma revisão bibliográfica, analisando a literatura que versa o tema, de modo a investigar o Ultrassom em Endodontia, nas suas diferentes dimensões: a evolução da técnica, o protocolo em toda a sua extensão, a sua utilidade e aplicabilidade na prática clínica. Material e Métodos: Pesquisa bibliográfica através de motores de pesquisa on-line como: b-On, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, ResearchGate e Google Académico. De seguida, foram selecionados os artigos definidos com limites temporais e critérios de inclusão entre 2000 e 2016. Na aplicando dos critérios de exclusão foram rejeitados artigos dos quais o teor não teria relevância para a concretização do trabalho, artigos com idiomas estrageiros (com exceção de Inglês, Espanhol e Italiano), artigos fora dos limites temporais e estudos em animais. A pesquisa resultou total de 356 artigos dos quais foram utilizados 113. Conclusões: A introdução do ultrassom levou a cirurgia Endodôntica a um outro nível de precisão, esta tecnologia desempenha cada vez mais um papel essencial tanto na Medicina Dentária como na Endodontia, sendo estes capazes de apresentar melhoria e desenvolvimentos significativos na manutenção e tratamento dentário. O uso de Ultrassons em Endodontia é um meio auxiliar de tratamento útil, no o refinamento de cavidades de acesso, localização de canais radiculares, preparação de istmos, remoção de espigões e instrumentos fraturados, ativação de soluções de irrigação, desobturação de canais radiculares, condensação de MTA e preparação apical para retrobturação em cirurgia apical. Introduction: This paper discusses the different uses of Ultrasound technology in the field of endodontics. Currently, the use of ultrasound in endodontics, occupies a prominent place, having become an indispensable equipment in the various areas of approach that makes up the procedures carried out under the endodontic treatment, according to the most current standards of quality and success. Clinical applications where the use of the ultrasonic technology plays an important role, are the refinement of access cavities, location of root canals, preparatory isthmus, removing spikes and broken tools, activating irrigation solutions, removal procedure of root canals, MTA condensation and apical preparation for retrofilling in apical surgery. Objectives: This thesis aims to explore, through a literature review, the importance and role of Ultrasound in Endodontics. The authors conducted a literature review, analyzing literature which addresses the issue in order to investigate the Ultrasound in Endodontics in its different dimensions: the evolution of the technique, the protocol in its entire length, its usefulness and applicability in practice clinical. Methodology: Literature search through online search engines such as b-On, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. Then we selected the items that were defined as time limits and inclusion criteria between 2000 and 2016. Exclusion criteria rejected articles of which the content would not have relevance to the implementation of the work, foreign languages articles (other than English, Spanish and Italian), items outside the time limits and animal studies. The research resulted total of 356 articles which were used 113. Conclusions: The introduction of ultrasound led to Endodontic surgery to a new level of precision, this technology plays an increasingly important role both in dentistry and in Endodontics, which are able to present improvement and significant developments in the maintenance and dental treatment. Use of Ultrasound in Endodontics is a useful treatment to assist in the refinement of cavities access, location of root canals, preparing isthmus, removal of spikes and broken instruments, activation of irrigation solutions, removal procedure of root canals, condensation MTA apical and apical preparation for retrofilling in surgery.

FUNDAMENTO: O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) constitui uma das primeiras causas de morte a nível mundial. A importância do espessamento da íntima-média na estratificação de risco cardiovascular tem sido recorrentemente estudada; contudo, essa relação gera ainda alguma controvérsia. OBJETIVOS: Determinar se o espessamento da íntima-média na Artéria Carótida Comum (ACC) pode ser utilizado como um marcador independente de alto risco para a ocorrência do AVC. MÉTODOS: A amostra compreende um grupo de 948 doentes consecutivamente estudados por Triplex Scan Cervical no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2004 e junho de 2009. Esses doentes foram agrupados em razão da presença ou ausência de AVC recente, do que resultou um grupo de doentes com AVC Isquémico (AVC I) (n = 452, 48%), outro com AVC Hemorrágico (AVC H) (n = 22, 2%) e um grupo de doentes Sem Eventos (n = 474, 50%). RESULTADOS: Na análise de regressão logística ajustada para fatores de risco cardiovascular clássicos, o espessamento da íntima-média na ACC associou-se significativamente e de forma aproximadamente linear com o AVC I (Odds Ratio = 1.808, Intervalo de Confiança: 1.291-2.534, p = 0,01), mas não com o AVC H (p = ns). Uma interação significativa com a idade foi também encontrada, demonstrando-se uma capacidade discriminativa do risco de AVC I maior em indivíduos com idade inferior a 50 anos. CONCLUSÕES: O espessamento da íntima-média na ACC revelou-se um preditor de risco independente para o AVC I, mas não para AVC H reforçando assim a utilidade da sua avaliação na prática clínica. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0) BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the major causes of death worldwide. The importance of increased intima-media thickness in cardiovascular risk stratification has been recurrently studied. The relationship between them, however, is still controversial. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether increased common carotid artery (CCA) intima-media thickness can be used as an independent high-risk marker for the occurrence of stroke. METHODS: This study sample comprised 948 patients consecutively assessed by use of cervical triplex scan from January 2004 to June 2009. Those patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of recent stroke as follows: a group of patients with ischemic stroke (n = 452, 48%); a group of patients with hemorrhagic stroke (n = 22, 2%); and a group of patients with no events (n = 474, 50%). RESULTS: On logistic regression analysis adjusted for the classic cardiovascular risk factors, increased CCA intima-media thickness associated significantly and on an approximately linear way with ischemic stroke (Odds Ratio = 1.808, confidence interval: 1.291-2.534, p = 0.01), but not with hemorrhagic stroke (p = ns). A significant interaction with age was also found, showing a greater discriminative capacity for the risk of ischemic stroke in individuals aged less than 50 years. CONCLUSIONS: The increased CCA intima-media thickness was identified as an independent predictor of the risk for ischemic stroke, but not for hemorrhagic stroke, emphasizing the usefulness of its assessment on clinical practice. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Do nematode and macrofauna assemblages provide similar ecological assessment information? To answer this question, in the summer of 2006, subtidal soft-bottom assemblages were sampled and environmental parameters were measured at seven stations covering the entire salinity gradient of the Mondego estuary. Principal components analysis (PCA) was performed on the environmental parameters, thus establishing different estuarine stretches. The ecological status of each community was determined by applying the Maturity Index and the Index of Trophic Diversity to the nematode data and the Benthic Assessment Tool to the macrofaunal data. Overall, the results indicated that the answer to the initial question is not straightforward. The fact that nematode and macrofauna have provided different responses regarding environmental status may be partially explained by local differentiation in microhabitat conditions, given by distinct sampling locations within each estuarine stretch and by different response-to-stress times of each benthic community. Therefore, our study suggests that both assemblages should be used in marine pollution monitoring programs.

Migratory shorebirds use, among many, the East Atlantic Flyway that links breeding areas as north as Tundra habitats to aquatic wintering grounds in West Africa. As a consequence, they are potentially important in the spread of global zoonotic diseases transmitted by ticks, such as Lyme borreliosis and tularemia—two diseases previously detected in Portugal. In this study, we looked at the infection status of seven populations of shorebirds during their migration, breeding, or wintering in the Portuguese wetlands to access if they carry these pathogens and to discuss their potential risk in the Portuguese wetlands. A total of 212 migratory shorebirds captured in the Tagus and Sado estuaries; key staging and wintering sites in this flyway and important breeding areas for some species were analyzed for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Francisella tularensis. In the present study, B. garinii was identified in seven (3%) specimens (five black-tailed godwits Limosa limosa, one common redshank Tringa totanus, and one little stint Calidris minuta), whereas F. tularensis subsp. holarctica was identified in one (0.4%) little stint. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that shorebirds that migrate through or winter in Portugal transport these pathogens, potentially contributing for their introduction along the flyway, including the Mediterranean region.

The spatial variation in abundance and composition of subtidal meiobenthos communities was studied in two Portuguese estuaries under distinct degrees of anthropogenic pressure. Samples were collected from 20 sampling stations along both estuarine gradients from freshwater (30). Of these stations 11 were located in the Mondego estuary, a system exposed to high anthropogenic stress, and 9 in the Mira estuary, a naturally stressed system located inside the Natural Park ‘Costa Vicentina’ (south-western coast of Portugal).Total meiobenthos density was higher in the Mira estuary and in both estuaries the community was dominated by nematodes. Among the twelve taxa identified in the Mira estuary, Harpacticoid copepods and Polychaeta were the second and the third most abundant groups respectively. In the Mondego estuary, Polychaeta was the second while Harpacticoid copepods was the third most abundant group in the thirteen total taxa recorded.Estuarine gradients of salinity, particles size and water nutrients were clearly detected in both estuaries and there was significant spatial heterogeneity in abundance and composition of the subtidal meiobenthos communities along these environmental gradients. Accordingly, three distinct sections were identified in both estuaries: (i) freshwater sections, where total density, and density of nematodes and Harpacticoid copepods reached minimum values; (ii) oligohaline and mesohaline sections, where the total density was low and diversity was poor; and (iii) polyhaline and euhaline sections, where both total density and diversity reached the highest values.The similar spatial distribution of meiobenthos assemblages in both estuaries suggests that natural stressors may be the major factors controlling the physicochemical conditions that determine meiobenthos community patterns. The mesoscale variability of subtidal meiobenthos density and composition within estuaries (in the order of kilometres) seems to be more important than the variability between estuaries (at the scale of hundreds of kilometres), a common feature in intertidal systems. From the management point of view, these results, based on higher taxa resolution, represent an obvious constraint to the applicability of ecological quality evaluation tools.

INTRODUCTION: Groove pancreatitis is an uncommon cause of chronic pancreatitis that affects the groove anatomical area between the head of the pancreas, duodenum, and common bile duct. CLINICAL CASE: A 67-year-old man with frequent biliary colic and an alcohol consumption of 30-40 g/day was admitted to the hospital complaining of jaundice and pruritus. Laboratory analysis revealed cholestasis and the ultrasound scan showed intra-hepatic biliary ducts dilatation, middle third cystic dilatation of common bile duct, enlarged Wirsung and pancreatic atrophy. The magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed imaging findings compatible with groove pancreatitis. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy later excluded duodenal neoplasia. He was submitted to a Roux-en-Y cholangiojejunostomy because of common bile duct stricture. Five months later a gastrojejunostomy was performed due to a duodenal stricture. The patient remains asymptomatic during follow-up. DISCUSSION: Groove pancreatitis is a benign cause of obstructive jaundice, whose main differential diagnosis is duodenal or pancreatic neoplasia. When this condition causes duodenal or biliary stricture, surgical treatment can be necessary. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

This work in this thesis was conducted in partnership with the company ÁGUAS DO ALGARVE, and had as main objective to characterise the performance of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal wastewater treatment in Boa vista, through the utilisation of an activated sludge model and aim to test various operating factors to optimize the process. Characterization of the sewage influent and effluent was performed in order to evaluate the content of organic matter (i.e., chemical oxygen demand - COD) and its biodegradability (Biological Oxygen Demand - BOD) as well as nutrients (such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)). The influent COD was also characterized in terms of particulate, biodegradable and inert fractions. This information was used as input in the GPS-X program, where the ASM2d model was tested. The biological treatment system of the Boavista plant consists of an extended aeration activated sludge system with nitrification/denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. For model calibration purposes, a through, 6-day sampling campaign was conducted in June 2015, where all relevant flow rates and CDO, N and P fractions were measured in the influent, effluent and recycles. The calibrated model was able to describe very well the performance during this period. This calibration model was then applied to describe the performance data during the year 2014. A substantial deviation was found between the model predicts and the measured process data. This derivation is likely at least partially attributable to the different aeration regimes employed in 2014 vs 2015, as well as the cessation of iron coagulant addition in 2015, which could necessitate recalibration of the ASM2d model. A simulation study carried out with and without iron sulfate addition suggested that the Boavista plant could eliminated iron sulfate addition without an appreciable increase in effluent phosphorus concentration. This hypothesis was indeed supported by the effluent phosphorus data achieved at Boavista, which actually experienced a decrease in effluent p levels after ceasing iron sulfate addition in 2015 as compared to 2014, thereby lowering operational costs at theWWTP.