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Abstract Background Drug resistance (DR) is one of the several challenges to global tuberculosis (TB) control. The implementation of bedaquiline (BED) for DR-TB after more than 40 years was expected to improve treatment outcomes as well as microbiologic conversion and adverse events (AE) occurrence. Methods Retrospective cohort study based on secondary data of patients with rifampicin-resistant (RR) or multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB reported to the Outpatient Clinic of Mycobacterial Diseases of the Thorax Diseases Institute – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil, between 2016 and 2023. We aimed to evaluate microbiologic conversion, AE and TB treatment outcomes and compare them according to the treatment regimen used for RR/MDR-TB patients under routine conditions [Injectable Containing Regimens (ICR) versus BED Containing Regimens (BCR)]. Logistic regression and survival analysis using Cox regression and Kaplan Meier curve were used for statistical analysis. Results Of the 463 DR-TB patients notified during the study period, 297 (64.1%) were included for analysis (ICR = 197 and BCR = 100). Overall AEs were more frequent (83.7 vs. 16.3%, p

Background: Short bowel syndrome is a devastating malabsorptive condition and the most common cause of chronic intestinal failure (CIF). Patients need parenteral support for months or years. Ideally, it should be delivered at home, reducing limitations in everyday life activities. Summary: The Portuguese Health Directive 017/2020 was the first step in the regulation of home CIF management, and more patients are now being treated in an ambulatory setting. However, much work still needs to be performed in this area. Our country lacks a network of units capable of providing home parenteral nutrition (HPN), and only a few centers have expertise to take care of these complex patients: fluid support, oral, enteral, and parenteral nutrition; disease/HPN-related complications; pharmacologic treatment; and surgical prevention/treatment. Providing adequate transition from pediatric to adult care is a mandatory issue that should only be addressed by expert centers. Key Messages: Implementation of a national network, as well as the creation of an intestinal failure registry, with an initial focus on adult patients, will start a new era in the identification and management of these complex CIF patients.

A questão ambiental se apresenta cada vez mais como um elemento crucial para a qualidade de vida na terra, o que torna necessário formar cidadãos no que diz respeito aos conhecimentos e ao senso crítico acerca do meio ambiente, e aos aspectos e impactos que o cercam. A partir dessa premissa, desenvolveu-se o Projeto Feira de Ciências Ambientais, de Marechal Deodoro/AL, que já se consolidou em quatro edições, e com a quinta em fase de organização. Com o objetivo de apresentar os procedimentos metodológicos e os resultados relevantes do projeto nas quatro edições já realizadas, este artigo foi desenvolvido, em formato de estudo de caso. Como resultado, observou-se a geração do saber por meio de métodos ativos que possibilitaram a promoção de conhecimento acerca das ciências ambientais e a popularização das ciências no município de Marechal Deodoro e nas regiões adjacentes, focando na disseminação de conhecimentos relacionados ao desenvolvimento sustentável e à melhoria da qualidade de vida da população.

Resumo Introdução: Alterações fisiológicas do envelhecimento contribuem para osteoporose e fraturas relacionadas à baixa concentração sérica de 25(OH)D. Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre concentração sérica de 25(OH)D, ingestão de alimentos fonte de vitamina D e cálcio, condições de saúde e presença de osteoporose e fraturas em idosos. Método: Estudo transversal com 274 idosos do Piauí. Realizado em duas etapas: questionário sobre ingestão de alimentos fonte de vitamina D, cálcio e condições de saúde (incluindo a variável desfecho, presença de osteoporose e fraturas) e coleta de sangue para exame bioquímico de concentração sérica de 25(OH)D. Realizou-se análise descritiva, inferencial e regressão logística. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos apresentava comorbidades (86,4%). A prevalência dos desfechos foi de 23,7% e 14,6%, respectivamente. Na análise múltipla, ingerir bebidas alcoólicas (OR=6,58; IC95% 1,88–23) e reposição com cálcio (OR=2,87; IC95% 1,25–6,61) mostraram-se associados às fraturas, enquanto sexo feminino (OR=5,69; IC95% 1,12–28,9) e reposição com cálcio (OR=5,62; IC95% 1,62–19,5) mostraram-se associados à osteoporose. As maiores medianas de 25(OH)D foram encontradas naqueles que consumiam queijo e iogurte regularmente (p=0,021). Conclusão: A análise das concentrações séricas de 25(OH)D apontou insuficiência, indicando a necessidade de intervenções para a mudança do estilo de vida.

IntroductionAlpha-cell hyperplasia (ACH) is a rare pancreatic endocrine condition. Three types of ACH have been described: functional or nonglucagonoma hyperglucagonemic glucagonoma syndrome, reactive or secondary to defective glucagon signaling, and non-functional. Few cases of ACH with concomitant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) have been reported and its etiology remains poorly understood. A case report of non-functional ACH with glucagon-producing NET is herein presented.Case reportA 72-year-old male was referred to our institution for a 2 cm single pNET incidentally found during imaging for acute cholecystitis. The patient’s past medical history included type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosed 12 years earlier, for which he was prescribed metformin, dapagliflozin, and semaglutide. The pNET was clinically and biochemically non-functioning, apart from mildly elevated glucagon 217 pg/ml (

Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a devastating malabsorptive condition and the most common cause of chronic intestinal failure (CIF). During the intestinal rehabilitation process, patients may need parenteral support for months or years, parenteral nutrition (PN), or hydration/electrolyte supplementation, as a bridge for the desired enteral autonomy. Summary: Several classification criteria have been highlighted to reflect different perspectives in CIF. The management of CIF-SBS in adults is a multidisciplinary process that aims to reduce gastrointestinal secretions, slow transit, correct/prevent malnutrition, dehydration, and specific nutrient deficiencies, and prevent refeeding syndrome. The nutritional support team should have the expertise to take care of these complex patients: fluid support; oral, enteral, and PN; disease/PN-related complications; pharmacologic treatment; and surgical prevention/treatment. Key Messages: CIF-SBS is a complex disease with undesired consequences, if not adequately identified and managed. A comprehensive approach performed by a multidisciplinary team is essential to reduce PN dependence, promote enteral independence, and improve quality of life.

A crescente adoção da gamificação como metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem tem se destacado na Educação Básica. No entanto, no contexto do ensino superior, especialmente nas Licenciaturas, onde se formam os profissionais responsáveis pelo ensino na educação básica, prevalecem métodos tradicionais e transmissivos, o que pode limitar a experimentação e reflexão dos futuros docentes sobre diferentes estratégias pedagógicas e, consequentemente, a implementação de práticas inovadoras em suas salas de aula. Com o objetivo de compreender os propósitos da utilização da metodologia ativa de gamificação, bem como as estratégias empregadas e os resultados formativos alcançados, este estudo analisou experiências gamificadas implementadas em cursos de Licenciatura. A pesquisa consistiu em uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura sobre a gamificação na formação inicial de professores, seguindo o protocolo adaptado de Sampaio e Mancini (2007). Foram realizadas buscas extensivas no Portal de Periódicos Capes, com critérios de inclusão e exclusão aplicados para selecionar artigos relevantes para posterior avaliação. O processo incluiu a catalogação dos artigos, extração, análise, sintetização e interpretação dos dados. Os resultados indicaram que a implementação de práticas gamificadas nas Licenciaturas não apenas estimula o engajamento e a motivação dos licenciandos, mas também promove as aprendizagens curriculares essenciais para os cursos. Além disso, a gamificação contribui para o desenvolvimento de habilidades relacionadas ao exercício da docência e amplia o repertório de alternativas metodológicas disponíveis aos futuros educadores. Em síntese, a gamificação emerge como uma promissora estratégia de ensino, capaz de enriquecer a formação docente, fomentar aprendizagens diversificadas e preparar os licenciandos para os desafios contemporâneos da sala de aula.

Contexto: O aleitamento materno exclusivo é fundamental para a saúde e o desenvolvimento infantil, mas muitos fatores podem levar à sua interrupção precoce. Entender esses fatores é crucial para desenvolver intervenções eficazes. Objetivo: Identificar e categorizar os fatores que influenciam a interrupção precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo antes dos seis meses de vida. Métodos: Esta revisão scoping utilizou o agregador de bases de dados EbscoHost. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2023, disponíveis na íntegra em inglês, português e espanhol. A pesquisa foi conduzida utilizando o vocabulário DeCS/MeSH para a obtenção de sinónimos e operadores booleanos, com a triagem e seleção dos artigos realizada independentemente por três revisores utilizando a ferramenta Rayyan. Resultados: Sete estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Fatores maternos como ser primípara, baixo nível educacional, atitudes negativas em relação ao parto e falta de intenção de amamentar aumentam a probabilidade de interrupção precoce da amamentação. A ansiedade e a depressão maternas impactam negativamente a autoeficácia para amamentar. A introdução precoce de alimentos sólidos e substitutos do leite materno, bem como o uso de chupetas e tetinas, estão associados a uma duração mais curta da amamentação. Partos por cesariana e atitudes negativas em relação ao parto também impactam negativamente o sucesso da amamentação. Conclusões: Esta revisão destaca a necessidade de programas de educação e aconselhamento pré-natal, políticas de apoio no local de trabalho, intervenções de saúde mental e proteção para mulheres em situações de violência doméstica. Além disso, recomenda práticas como o contato pele-a-pele imediato e apoio contínuo à amamentação, conforme as diretrizes da OMS e UNICEF, para melhorar as taxas de aleitamento materno exclusivo.

Contexto: A transição para a parentalidade é um processo multifatorial influenciado diretamente por múltiplos intervenientes. Objetivo: Identificar e analisar as estratégias promotoras da transição para a parentalidade utilizadas por profissionais de saúde. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão scoping conforme as indicações do Joanna Briggs Institute. A pesquisa foi conduzida na plataforma EBSCOhost para estudos publicados entre 2018–2023. Foram incluídos estudos empíricos focados na transição para a parentalidade durante a gravidez. Resultados: Seis estudos foram incluídos e analisados e os resultados foram agrupados em quatro categorias: 1) Recursos Internos, evidenciando a confiança da mulher no seu processo de gravidez e a utilização da rede de suporte familiar e comunitário; 2) Programas de Apoio aos Futuros Pais, destacando-se a redução do stresse e ansiedade através da formação de grupos facilitados por profissionais de saúde; 3) Intervenções Psicológicas Coadjuvantes na Transição para a Parentalidade, evidenciando que estas contribuem para uma transição saudável; e 4) O Marido como Elemento de Suporte, sublinhando o papel ativo do marido no apoio emocional e na gestão prática das tarefas. Conclusões: A transição para a parentalidade é influenciada pela ação dos profissionais de saúde, pelo papel da mulher e do seu companheiro. As estratégias identificadas nas quatro categorias devem ser integradas na prática clínica para promover uma transição mais assertiva para a parentalidade. Evidencia-se a necessidade de mais estudos focados no papel dos homens neste processo e a inclusão de intervenções que considerem os recursos pessoais e a rede de suporte dos indivíduos.

O território xakriabá está localizado no município de São João das Missões, norte do estado de Minas Gerais. Essa região sofreu, desde o fim do século dezessete, com uma forte presença missionária e colonização da terra, que ensejaram uma longa perseguição à cultura xakriabá e à sua língua originária, o akwe᷉, do tronco linguístico macro-jê. Este trabalho discute as estratégias de retomada do akwe᷉ xakriabá, com foco nos cantos, que são o lócus de maior vitalidade desta língua. Na primeira seção, abordamos a história do povo Xakriabá e a perseguição da língua originária; posteriormente, apresentamos as estratégias de revitalização adotadas, seguidas da transcrição de vinte cantos em akwe᷉. Refletimos, por fim, sobre o papel dos cantos e da espiritualidade nas retomadas de línguas indígenas. Este ensaio é fruto de uma articulação de nossos estudos, realizados a partir do método etnográfico, o que inclui participação em atividades no território xakriabá, realização de entrevistas e pesquisa bibliográfica.

IntroductionPleural tuberculosis (PlTB), the most common site of extrapulmonary TB, is characterized by a paucibacillary nature and a compartmentalized inflammatory response in the pleural cavity, both of which make diagnosis and management extremely challenging. Although transcriptional signatures for pulmonary TB have already been described, data obtained by using this approach for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and, specifically, for pleural tuberculosis are scarce and heterogeneous. In the present study, a set of candidate genes previously described in pulmonary TB was evaluated to identify and validate a transcriptional signature in clinical samples from a Brazilian cohort of PlTB patients and those with other exudative causes of pleural effusion.MethodsAs a first step, target genes were selected by a random forest algorithm with recursive feature elimination (RFE) from public microarray datasets. Then, peripheral blood (PB) and pleural fluid (PF) samples from recruited patients presenting exudative pleural effusion were collected during the thoracentesis procedure. Transcriptional analysis of the selected top 10 genes was performed by quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR).ResultsReanalysis of the public datasets identified a set of candidate genes (CARD17, BHLHE40, FCGR1A, BATF2, STAT1, BTN3A1, ANKRD22, C1QB, GBP2, and SEPTIN4) that demonstrated a global accuracy of 89.5% in discriminating pulmonary TB cases from other respiratory diseases. Our validation cohort consisted of PlTB (n = 35) patients and non-TB (n = 34) ones. The gene expressions of CARD17, GBP2, and C1QB in PF at diagnosis were significantly different between the two (PlTB and non-TB) groups (p < 0.0001). It was observed that the gene expressions of CARD17 and GBP2 were higher in PlTB PF than in non-TB patients. C1QB showed the opposite behavior, being higher in the non-TB PF. After anti-TB therapy, however, GBP2 gene expression was significantly reduced in PlTB patients (p < 0.001). Finally, the accuracy of the three above-cited highlighted genes in the PF was analyzed, showing AUCs of 91%, 90%, and 85%, respectively. GBP2 was above 80% (sensitivity = 0.89/specificity = 0.81), and CARD17 showed significant specificity (Se = 0.69/Sp = 0.95) in its capacity to discriminate the groups.ConclusionCARD17, GBP2, and C1QB showed promise in discriminating PlTB from other causes of exudative pleural effusion by providing accurate diagnoses, thus accelerating the initiation of anti-TB therapy.

ABSTRACT Historically, all efforts against tuberculosis were focused on rapid diagnosis and effective treatment to break the chain of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, in the last few years, more and more evidence has been found on the dramatic consequences of the condition defined as post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD). Approximately one third of patients surviving pulmonary tuberculosis face considerable ongoing morbidities, including respiratory impairment, psychosocial challenges, and reduced health-related quality of life after treatment completion. Given the important global and local burden of tuberculosis, as well as the estimated burden of PTLD, the development of a consensus document by a Brazilian scientific society-Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia (SBPT)-was considered urgent for the prevention and management of this condition in order to allocate resources to and within tuberculosis services appropriately and serve as a guide for health care professionals. A team of eleven pulmonologists and one methodologist was created by the SBPT to review the current evidence on PTLD and develop recommendations adapted to the Brazilian context. The expert panel selected the topics on the basis of current evidence and international guidelines. During the first phase, three panel members drafted the recommendations, which were divided into three sections: definition and prevalence of PTLD, assessment of PTLD, and management of PTLD. In the second phase, all panel members reviewed, discussed, and revised the recommendations until a consensus was reached. The document was formally approved by the SBPT in a special session organized during the 2023 SBPT Annual Conference.

ABSTRACT Studies on the adaptability of raspberry cultivars to subtropical regions are needed since growth, yield, and fruit quality may differ from levels observed in temperate climates. This study evaluated the phenology, yield, physical-chemical attributes, and bioactive compounds of raspberries produced in a subtropical region of Brazil under an organic cropping system. The experiment was carried out in three production cycles 2018/2019, 2019/2020, and 2020/2021 in Pinhais, Paraná State, Brazil. We evaluated ten raspberry cultivars, eight primocanes (Alemãzinha, Autumn Bliss, Bababerry, Fallgold, Golden Bliss, Heritage, Indian Summer and Polana), and two floricane cultivars (Schoenmann and Willamette). Phenological evaluations were carried out weekly at the beginning and end of flowering and harvesting. The soluble solids content, titratable acidity, the pH, and bioactive compounds were analyzed. Primocane cultivars showed two flowering and fruiting periods, the first in spring/summer and the other in summer/autumn, except for the Indian Summer cultivar, which showed a floricane-fruiting behavior, bearing fruit only on one-year-old canes, like Schoenmann and Willamette cultivars. ‘Alemãzinha’ shows better adaptation to the region under study with higher yield and concentration of total polyphenols, but its fruits are small and acidic. ‘Heritage’ is also an option for cultivation in this region, even though it is less productive, as the fruits are larger, less acidic, and have high levels of bioactive compounds. Yellow cultivars Fallgold and Golden Bliss are good options for diversifying the color offer, with yields similar to ‘Heritage’ and with a high total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio.

ABSTRACT: Objectives: Evatuate if Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine could be used as a tool against SARS-CoV-2 based on the concept of trained immunity. Methods: A multicenter, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial recruited health care workers (HCWs) in Brazil. The incidence rates of COVID-19, clinical manifestations, absenteeism, and adverse events among HCWs receiving BCG vaccine (Moreau or Moscow strains) or placebo were compared. BCG vaccine-mediated immune response before and after implementing specific vaccines for COVID-19 (CoronaVac or COVISHIELD) was analyzed. Cox proportional hazard and linear mixed effect modeling were used. Results: A total of 264 volunteers were included for analysis (BCG = 134 and placebo = 130). The placebo group presented a COVID-19 cumulative incidence of 0.75% vs 0.52% of BCG. The Moreau strain also presented a higher incidence rate (1.60% × 0.22%). BCG did not show a protective hazard ratio against COVID-19. In addition, the log (immunoglobulin G) level against SARS-CoV-2 presented a higher increase in the BCG group, whether or not participants had COVID-19, but also without statistical significance. Conclusion: Our results suggest that BCG has a tendency of protection against SARS-CoV-2 and higher immunoglobulin G levels than placebo. The clinical trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ (NCT04659941).

Introdução: A vigilância epidemiológica da Síndrome Gripal (SG) atua com a integração de diversas estratégias, que incluem o monitoramento dos casos de infecções respiratórias provocadas por vários vírus (Influenza A e B, Sincicial Humano, SARS-CoV-2 e outros). Estima-se que os impactos da SG sejam responsáveis pelos excessos de consultas no cuidado primário, pelo grande número de casos com diagnóstico leve a moderado, que resultam em absentismo laboral e escolar levando a perda de produtividade e de aprendizado. Objetivo: Realizar o monitoramento das Síndromes Gripais e seus impactos, em indivíduos sintomáticos de uma comunidade acadêmica. Método: Os dados foram obtidos, de outubro de 2022 a maio de 2023, através de questionários semiestruturados, após a coleta de amostras nasofaríngeas de indivíduos com sintomas gripais. Alguns participantes fizeram a coleta e responderam ao questionário mais de uma vez, sem obrigatoriedade de responder todas as perguntas. O RNA viral (SARS-CoV-2 e Influenza A e B) foi extraído e purificado de forma automatizada, e detectado com o kit GeneFinder™ COVID-19/Flu A&B RealAmp, por meio de RT-qPCR. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da UFRB (CAAE: 61607222.4.0000.0056). Resultados: Dos 192 participantes (estudantes: 52,4%; docentes: 11,6%; técnicos: 13,2%; e outras ocupações: 22,8%) com SG, 71,4% foram negativos, 23,7% indicaram a presença do SARS-CoV-2, 2,7% do Influenza A e 2,2% do Influenza B. Dos infectados, 92,3% tiveram sintomas gripais, sendo os mais frequentes: coriza (90,4%), tosse (84,3%) e espirros (82,6%). Quanto à vacinação, 63,9% foram imunizados contra Influenza e 99,5% contra COVID-19. Quanto às doses de reforço para COVID-19, verificou-se que 36,9% receberam uma dose, 56,1% duas e 7% receberam três doses. Denota-se que 26,2% declararam estar em ambiente com surto gripal. 19,8% dos infectados por SARS-CoV-2 realizaram trabalho remoto e o isolamento domiciliar foi mais frequente (47,2%; 50/106) em comparação com os da Influenza (15,5%; 18/116). Conclusão: O maior percentual de vacinação e de isolamento social nos casos de COVID-19 pode ter sido consequência do protocolo de biossegurança vigente na instituição de ensino, que também prevê o afastamento laboral. Nesse sentido, o monitoramento da SG é essencial para o melhor acompanhamento dos infectados, podendo subsidiar ações que minimizem o absenteísmo e as perdas nas atividades laborais e/ou estudantis da comunidade acadêmica.

Part of the mammary gland microbial infections are imperceptible to the milker. The prevention through hygienic-sanitary measures is thought as an efficient strategy to avoid mastitis. Evaluating whether the adoption of pre-dipping and post-dipping hygienic managements have significant effects with the use of the black background mug and California Mastitis Tests, individualized by post-dipping. The properties have the same breed, similar food management and common location, both in the rural area of Teresina. The only difference between them is the performance or not of the handlings that include pre-dipping and post-dipping. So, performing the minimum protocols or not caused the treatments to have a completely randomized delineation. Statistical analysis was obtained through the use of the packages “dplyr”, “rstatix” and “ggplot2”, available in Software R (2022). The compliance verification of the least squares method in relation to the normal distribution of data was performed through the Shapiro Wilk test, using the “byf.shapiro” procedure of the “RVAdeMemoire” package. Data did not present normal or Gausean distribution, so non-parametric statistics were resorted. To discriminate the difference, the post-hoc test by Dunn's test with p-value adjustment by Bomferroni's method. It was noted that the right rear teat presented milk without changes in lumps, color, and others in farm “A”, that the pre-dipping and post-dipping were performed.

Objectives: Therapeutic options for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia (Pan-NEN) have increased over the last decade. We aim to understand the evolution of the prognosis of patients with diagnosis of Pan-NEN within a 12-year period, considering the implementation of new treatments. Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with Pan-NENs between 2006 and 2017. Survival outcome estimates were calculated by Kaplan–Meier method. The impact of baseline clinicopathological characteristics on survival was explored with the use of Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Of the 97 patients, 77 (79.9%) had well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET) according to WHO 2010 classification, and 52 (53.6%) had l ocalized or locoregional disease. There were no differences between clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes when comparing patients diagnosed between 2006–2011 and 2012–2017. Neuroendocrine carcinoma – HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.17–6.55 – and stages III and IV at diagnosis were independent poor prognostic factors – HR 6.02, 95% CI 2.22–16.33 and HR 6.93, 95% CI 2.94–16.32, respectively. Conclusions: The new therapeutic approaches did not induce better survival outcomes on Pan-NEN in recent years. This is possibly due to the indolent nature of NET grades 1 and 2, even metastatic, allowing patients to be submitted to new target therapies along their disease course.

Dyslipidemia is a metabolic condition linked to increased morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two new nutraceuticals derived from annatto (Bixa orellana), açaí (Euterpe oleracea), and soybean germ or red clover isoflavones (Trifolium pratense) against high-fat-induced dyslipidemia in female Wistar rats. The formulations were assessed through GC-MS and HPLC-UV/Vis. Next, female Wistar rats received daily administrations of coconut oil and were treated with Ormona® SI (OSI), Ormona® RC (ORC), soybean germ (SG), simvastatin (simv.), simvastatin + Ormona® SI (simv. + OSI), or only distilled water (control). Biochemical tests were performed using the animals’ blood, and their arteries were screened for atheroma formation. The results show abnormal TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels caused by the high-fat diet, increased glucose levels, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and atherogenesis. The nutraceuticals significantly ameliorated all conditions, with results that are similar to the group treated with simvastatin. Notably, the groups treated with either Ormona® or simvastatin + Ormona® had better liver protection than those treated only with SG or simvastatin; additionally, the nutraceuticals could prevent atherogenesis, unlike SG. The results indicate a high efficacy of the nutraceuticals in preventing dyslipidemia and its complications.

As lives tornaram-se muito populares no período pandêmico, com numerosos convites para transmissões sobre os mais diversos temas, inclusive, sobre as altas capacidades, fazendo com que o interesse acadêmico se voltasse para esse novo formato de evento. Desse modo, este artigo se propõe a apresentar o que foi transmitido em lives sobre as altas capacidades durante o período da pandemia (2020-2022), no YouTube®, por meio de pesquisa sistemática. Os resultados encontrados foram 22 vídeos relacionados a temas mais introdutórios às altas capacidades e outras abordagens, como a parentalidade; a aceleração; a matemática; as altas capacidades e o autismo; e a sobre--excitabilidade. Conclui-se que, apesar de temas mais introdutórios às altas capacidades terem sido mais incidentes, as lives cumpriram importante papel de informação para docentes e profissionais conhecerem a temática, mesmo que previamente.

Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo avaliar as evidências científicas sobre a associação entre a imagem corporal e a decisão de amamentar ao longo da gravidez. Métodos: O estudo utilizou a metodologia proposta pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs, e incluiu estudos identificados nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science, B-On e EBSCO. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos primários publicados nos últimos 12 anos, enquanto literatura cinzenta, comunicações, estudo com foco no pós-parto, imagem corporal e alimentação do recém-nascido foram excluídos. Resultados: A pesquisa inicial resultou em 77 artigos, dos quais 73 foram excluídos após o processo de identificação. A nossa análise revelou que (i) há uma relação entre a imagem corporal e a decisão e duração da amamentação e (ii) a decisão do aleitamento materno parece depender da perceção positiva ou negativa da mulher em relação ao seu corpo. Conclusões: Compreender a influência da imagem corporal na decisão de amamentar é fundamental para que os profissionais de saúde desenvolvam estratégias eficazes para promover essa prática. No entanto, o número limitado de publicações sobre este tópico destaca a necessidade de mais pesquisas. Portanto, sugerimos que estudos futuros investiguem a relação entre a imagem corporal e a decisão em amamentar, e promovam a literacia sobre o aleitamento materno diz respeito junto da população em geral.

Abstract Previous studies have highlighted the positive effects of Estradiol (E2) replacement therapy and physical exercise on skeletal muscle during menopause. However, the comparison effects of exercise training (ET) and estradiol replacement therapy during menopause on skeletal muscle have not been investigated to date. This study aimed to compare the effects of endurance exercise training versus E2 replacement therapy on mitochondrial density, redox status, and inflammatory biomarkers in the skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats. Thirty female Wistar rats (12-week-old) were randomly assigned into three groups: Untrained ovariectomized rats (UN-OVX, n = 10); untrained ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol replacement therapy (E2-OVX); and, trained ovariectomized rats (TR-OVX). After ovariectomy, the E2-OVX rats were treated subcutaneously with E2 (implanted Silastic® capsule containing 360 μg of 17β-estradiol/mL) while the TR-OVX group performed an exercise training protocol (50–70% of maximal running speed on a treadmill, 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks). After euthanasia, the soleus muscle was processed for histological and biochemical evaluations. Only exercise prevented the reduction of maximal oxygen consumption and increased mechanical efficiency (ME). While mitochondrial muscle density, total antioxidant capacity (FRAP), catalase (CAT) activity, and interleukin 10 levels were higher in TR-OVX, only OVX-E2 presented higher CAT activity and lower interleukin 6 levels. Endurance exercise training compared with E2 replacement therapy maintains the aerobic capacity improving the ME of OVX rats. In addition, only endurance exercise training raises the skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and tends to balance the redox and inflammatory status in the skeletal muscle of OVX rats.

Introduction: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) and/or home parenteral hydration (HPH) are the gold-standard treatment for patients with long-term intestinal failure (IF). The authors aimed to assess the impact of HPN/HPH on nutritional status and survival of long-term IF patients, as well as HPN/HPH-related complications. Methods: This was a retrospective study including IF patients under HPN/HPH followed in a single large tertiary Portuguese hospital. The data collected included demographics, underlying conditions, anatomical characteristics, type and duration of parenteral support, IF functional, pathophysiological, and clinical classifications, body mass index (BMI) at the beginning and end of follow-up, complications/hospitalizations, current patient status (deceased, alive with HPN/HPH, and alive without HPN/HPH), and cause of death. Survival after HPN/HPH beginning, until death or August 2021, was recorded in months. Results: Overall 13 patients were included (53.9% female, mean age 63.46 years), and 84.6% of patients presented type III IF and 15.4% type II. Short bowel syndrome caused 76.9% of IF. Nine patients received HPN and 4 HPH. Eight patients (61.5%) were underweight at the beginning of HPN/HPH. At the end of follow-up, 4 patients were alive without HPN/HPH, 4 maintained HPN/HPH, and 5 died. All patients improved their BMI (mean initial BMI 18.9 vs. 23.5 at the end, p < 0.001). Eight patients (61.5%) were hospitalized due to catheter-related complications, mainly infectious (mean hospitalization episodes 2.25, mean hospital stay of 24.5 days). No deaths were related to HPN/HPH. Conclusion: HPN/HPH significantly improved IF patients’ BMI. HPN/HPH-related hospitalizations were common, however causing no deaths, reinforcing that HPN/HPH is an adequate and safe therapy for long-term IF patients.

Silybin (SLB), an important flavonoid from silymarin, displays significant hepatoprotective, anticancer, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. However, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by its low solubility and bioavailability. To address these challenges, we engineered bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (NP) loaded with SLB (BSA-NP/SLB) using the coacervation method. BSA-SLB NP exhibited a spherical shape, a mean size of 197 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.275, a zeta potential of −34 mV, and an entrapment efficiency of 67%. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated amorphization of SLB upon encapsulation. Formulation stability was upheld over 180 days. In vitro release assays demonstrated controlled diffusion-erosion release, with approximately 40% SLB released within 0.5 h and 100% over 12 h. Intranasal administration of BSA-NP/SLB in rats improved SLB bioavailability by fourfold compared to free SLB. These findings highlight the promising potential of intranasally administered BSA-NP/SLB as an alternative approach to enhance SLB bioavailability, paving the way for innovative therapeutic applications.

Estudos da literatura especializada na área das altas capacidades nos sinalizam a carência de pesquisas com a temática de adultos, ao afunilarmos para questões de gênero, mais especificamente ao se tratar de estudos com mulheres com altas capacidades, esse quadro se mostra ainda mais exíguo. As desigualdades de gênero são históricas e culturalmente instauradas, causando prejuízos para a vida de muitas mulheres ainda hoje, é nessa direção que o presente trabalho vai buscar, através de uma revisão sistemática, examinar o que vem se falando nacionalmente e internacionalmente sobre a temática, quais são os avanços, e encadeamentos na vida das mulheres com altas capacidades. As bases de dados utilizadas no estudo foram: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Portal de Periódicos CAPES, a Revista Educação Especial e a Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial, compreendo um recorte temporal dos últimos vinte (20) anos de produções, de 2002 a agosto de 2022. Foram empregadas diferentes palavras-chaves para as buscas e em três idiomas diferentes, Português, Inglês e Espanhol, são elas: gifted; talento; women; woman; mujeres; mulheres; high ability; altas capacidades; altas habilidades/superdotação; dotação, a fim de ampliar a gama de estudos encontrados, para assim, trazer mais qualidade às discussões. Como resultados, foram encontradas discussões extremamente importantes na área, tais quais: a falta de modelos femininos; as mulheres tendem a mascarar suas capacidades; os vieses e estereótipos de gêneros, socialmente instaurados refletem negativamente em suas vidas, assim como, as mulheres são sistematicamente sub-representadas.

Perillyl alcohol (POH), a bioactive monoterpenoid derived from limonene, shows promise as an antitumor agent for brain tumor treatment. However, its limited oral bioavailability and inadequate brain distribution hinder its efficacy. To address these challenges, this study developed nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with POH to improve its brain biodistribution. The NLCs prepared using hot homogenization exhibited an average diameter of 287 nm and a spherical morphology with a polydispersity index of 0.143. High encapsulation efficiency of 99.68% was achieved. X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the semicrystalline state of POH-loaded NLCs. In vitro release studies demonstrated a biphasic release profile. Stability studies in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids confirmed their ability to withstand pH variations and digestive enzymes. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rats revealed significantly enhanced oral bioavailability of POH when encapsulated in the NLCs. Biodistribution studies showed increased POH concentration in brain tissue with NLCs compared with free POH, which was distributed more in non-target tissues such as the liver, lungs, kidneys, and spleen. These findings underscore the potential of NLCs as effective delivery systems for enhancing oral bioavailability and brain biodistribution of POH, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for brain tumor treatment.

Este estudo originou-se a partir de uma pesquisa realizada para analisar os principais problemas que o público da Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA encontram e impactam na sua permanência nos espaços educacionais quando decidem ingressar nesta modalidade de ensino. Trazemos como problema: quais são os problemas encontrados pelos estudantes da EJA quando se dirigem a escola? O objetivo principal desta investigação foi analisar os principais problemas que surgem quando os estudantes da EJA buscam a escola. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa e de uma análise autobiográfica procuramos entender a trajetória dos estudantes do curso de Segurança do Trabalho do PROEJA que acontece no Instituto Federal de Educação (IFBA), Campus Santo Amaro. Os resultados apresentados foram os seguintes: observamos os professores sem a formação necessária para trabalhar com a EJA; os estudantes relatam que a EJA ofertada na instituição de ensino técnico federal é diferente da oferta que receberam no ensino municipal ou estadual; o sentido social da modalidade não é tratado em sala de aula.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras e compará-las com as de outros países participantes do estudo Fluid-TRIPS. Métodos: Este foi um estudo observacional transversal, prospectivo e internacional, de uma amostra de conveniência de unidades de terapia intensiva de 27 países (inclusive o Brasil), com utilização da base de dados Fluid-TRIPS compilada em 2014. Descrevemos os padrões de ressuscitação volêmica utilizados no Brasil em comparação com os de outros países e identificamos os fatores associados com a escolha dos fluidos. Resultados: No dia do estudo, foram incluídos 3.214 pacientes do Brasil e 3.493 pacientes de outros países, dos quais, respectivamente, 16,1% e 26,8% (p < 0,001) receberam fluidos. A principal indicação para ressuscitação volêmica foi comprometimento da perfusão e/ou baixo débito cardíaco (Brasil 71,7% versus outros países 56,4%; p < 0,001). No Brasil, a percentagem de pacientes que receberam soluções cristaloides foi mais elevada (97,7% versus 76,8%; p < 0,001), e solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais comumente utilizado (62,5% versus 27,1%; p < 0,001). A análise multivariada sugeriu que os níveis de albumina se associaram com o uso tanto de cristaloides quanto de coloides, enquanto o tipo de prescritor dos fluidos se associou apenas com o uso de cristaloides. Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que cristaloides são usados mais frequentemente do que coloides para ressuscitação no Brasil, e essa discrepância, em termos de frequências, é mais elevada do que em outros países. A solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais frequentemente prescrito. Os níveis de albumina sérica e o tipo de prescritor de fluidos foram os fatores associados com a escolha de cristaloides ou coloides para a prescrição de fluidos.

Abstract Background Body fat estimation allows measuring changes over time attributed to interventions and treatments in different settings such as hospitals, clinical practice, nursing homes and research. However, only few studies have compared different body fat estimation methods in older adults with inconsistent results. We estimated body fat percentage (%BF) and the level of agreement among dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and Durnin & Womersley’s skinfold eq. (SF) in older Brazilian adults aged 60 years and older from the Elderly Project Goiânia, Brazil. Methods The analytical sample comprised of 132 participants who had DXA data. The level of agreement for the %BF estimated by BIA, SF and DXA i.e. reference method, was examined using Bland and Altman’s and Lin’s plot. Results Overall, women had higher body mass index and %BF values measured by all three methods used. BIA and SF equation showed strong concordance to estimate body fat percentage in all participants (CCC = 0.857 and 0.861, respectively) and among women (CCC = 0.788 and 0.726, respectively) when compared to DXA. However, both methods underestimated body fat percentage in women and men with high body fat percentage. A strong level of agreement was observed between DXA and the anthropometric equation developed by Durnin & Womersley in men (CCC = 0.846), while BIA had a moderate concordance (CCC = 0.505) in this group. Conclusion The examined methods indicated different body fat estimates. However, the best agreement was observed between DXA and the anthropometric SF equation for men. Future research in older adults should develop new SF equations considering different ethnic groups.

Objetivo: Avaliar a presença da dor em indivíduos com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e sua relação com o desempenho funcional e a qualidade de vida (QV). Métodos: Estudo transversal onde 50 indivíduos com AVC atendidos em um centro de reabilitação foram avaliados por meio da Escala Visual Numérica (EVN), Questionário de Dor McGill, SF-36 e Índice de Barthel (IB). A estatística inferencial foi realizada por meio do Teste T e do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: A presença de dor foi verificada em 64% da população, com média sete na EVN e expressivo número e intensidade de descritores do McGill. Os pacientes com dor apresentaram piores escores para QV nos domínios saúde mental (p = 0,046), estado geral da saúde (p = 0,021), aspectos emocionais (p = 0,034) e dor (p < 0,0001). A dor no hemicorpo hígido estava presente em 37% dos pacientes. A EVN correlacionou-se com o estado geral da saúde da SF-36 (r = -0,359; p = 0,043); já o McGill com a saúde mental (r = -0,364; p = 0,041), capacidade funcional (r = -0,365; p = 0,039) e aspectos emocionais (r = -0,374; p = 0,035). Não houve relação entre a dor e o IB. Conclusões: Este estudo mostrou alta incidência e intensidade de dor em indivíduos com AVC, mesmo em reabilitação. A presença da dor interferiu mais na QV do que na função e o McGill relacionou-se com mais domínios da SF-36 do que a EVN.

Abstract Background Athletes put their health at short- and long-term risk and a detailed investigation of health outcomes is important because it should allow the development of more specific interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes. Methods The study enrolled 248 Brazilian athletes aged 14–20 years. Eating pattern outcomes included skipping breakfast, vegetable and fruit consumption, and sweets consumption. The following factors were considered as independent variables: sociodemographic, economic, anthropometry, body weight control, psychosocial, sedentary behavior, sleeping time, meals, alcohol and smoking, and strength variables. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression model and the effect measure was the prevalence ratio (PR). Results The results showed that 45.6% of the athletes skipped breakfast, 29.8% ate sweets regularly, and only 8.9% consumed vegetables and fruit regularly. Multiple analysis revealed the following positive associations: breakfast skipping and vomiting or using laxatives to lose weight (PR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01–1.26); low fruit and vegetable consumption and using pills to lose weight (PR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.07); high sweets consumption and female athletes (PR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12–1.55); high sweets consumption and more than 2 h spent watching TV (PR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02–1.39). Conclusions Our findings indicated that sociodemographic, body weight control and sedentary factors are determinants on eating patterns of high school athletes.

Abstract Objective: To exam the association of the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index with the categories of risk classification, the clinical aspects, and the patient outcomes in the emergency department. Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study that analyzed the medical records of 3,624 patients seen in the emergency department. Charlson index scores greater than 2 showed a high rate of comorbidity (mortality risk). T-test and analysis of variance were applied in the analyses. Results: There was a significant difference between the Charlson comorbidity index and the risk classification, with higher scores found in patients classified in the white (2.57) and red (2.06) categories. Patients with vascular, endocrine, neurological, cardiologic, or device problems, and those who underwent a head tomography had a high rate of comorbidity. In addition, those admitted, transferred, or who died in the emergency room had significantly higher index scores compared to those who were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: The high rate of comorbidity was associated with the categories of risk classification, main and nonspecific complaints, performance of a head tomography, and patient outcomes in the emergency room.

Nesta entrevista, conversamos com Maria Collier de Mendonça, Pós-doutoranda em Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. A pesquisadora investiga técnicas de visualização do conhecimento aplicadas à gestão de marcas. As perguntas abordam assuntos relacionados à sua trajetória profissional, publicidade, branding, marketing, design thinking e semiótica aplicada.

ABSTRACT Objectives Pleural tuberculosis (PlTB) diagnosis is a challenge due to its paucibacillary nature and to the need of invasive procedures. This study aimed to identify easily available variables and build a predictive model for PlTB diagnosis which may allow earlier and affordable alternative strategy to be used in basic health care units. Methods An observational cross-sectional study compared PlTB and non-TB patients followed at a tertiary Brazilian hospital between 2010 and 2018. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed and a Decision Tree Classifier (DTC) model was validated and applied in additional PlTB patients with empiric diagnosis. The accuracy (Acc), sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results From 1,135 TB patients, 160 were considered for analysis (111 confirmed PlTB and 49 unconfirmed PlTB). Indeed, 58 non-TB patients were enrolled as controls. Hyporexia [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 27.39 (95% CI 6.26 – 119.89)] and cellular/biochemical characteristics on pleural fluid (PF) (polimorphonuclear in two categories: 3-14% aOR 26.22, 95% CI 7.11 – 96.68 and < 3% aOR 28.67, 95% CI 5.51 – 149.25; and protein ≥ 5g/dL aOR 7.24, 95% CI 3.07 – 17.11) were associated with higher risk for TB. The DTC constructed using these variables showed Acc=87.6%, Se=89.2%, Sp=84.5% for PlTB diagnosis and was successfully applied in unconfirmed PlTB patients. Conclusion The DTC model showed an excellent performance for PlTB diagnosis and can be considered as an alternative diagnostic strategy by using clinical patterns in association with PF cellular/biochemical characteristics, which were affordable and easily performed in basic health care units.

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the conformity of the time interval between the end of the risk classification and the beginning of medical care with that recommended by the Manchester protocol and to relate the times of care and the risk categories with the outcome. Method: Cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical study. The t test, the analysis of variance and the generalized linear model were used. Results: The average time for medical care in the red and orange categories was 3 and 39.5 minutes, respectively. Death outcome was associated with the red category, with an average time to start the classification of 5.5 minutes and an average length of stay of 2.3 hours. Conclusion: The waiting time for medical care in the high priority categories was longer than recommended, which suggests the need to continuously monitor the system. Shorter waiting times for classification and permanence were related to the red category and the outcome of death.

Glaesserella parasuis is one of the major pathogens in swine intensive production systems. To date, 15 serovars have been described, and the prevalence of these serotypes in different geographical regions has been identified by several methods. G. parasuis outbreaks could be controlled with vaccination if it were not for serovar diversity and limited cross-serovar protection; consequently, antibiotic therapy continues to be necessary for infection control. Here, we present the isolation, identification, serotyping, and antibiotic susceptibility profiling of G. parasuis from diseased swine in Brazil. A total of 105 G. parasuis strains, originating from nine different Brazilian states, were evaluated, and serotypes 4 and 5 were found to be the most prevalent (27.6% and 24.8% respectively). Aminoglycosides, florfenicol, tiamulin, and β-lactams were tested, and they presented lower resistant rates against G. parasuis strains. The highest resistance rates were observed against tylosin (97.1%), sulfadimethoxine (89.5%), danofloxacin (80%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (62.5%), enrofloxacin (54.3%), and clindamycin (50.5%). Multidrug resistance was detected in 89.5% of tested strains, and a total of sixty resistance profiles were identified. The cluster analysis of resistance patterns showed no correlation with the isolation year or G. parasuis serotype.

La Hiperlexia es un síndrome caracterizado por la lectura precoz, presenta otros síntomas y características diferentes, al cual perjudican el diagnóstico que comúnmente se confunde con el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). El presente artículo en forma de revisión sistemática busca conocer producciones académicas en bancos de datos entre los años de 1999 a 2019 que puedan desenmarañar el tema de la hiperlexia, así como verificar si existe una conexión de la precocidad en lectura de este síndrome con la precocidad en lectura en las altas capacidades. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron: hyperlexia y high ability, en las búsquedas las palabras se utilizaron separadamente y combinadas utilizando el operador booleano and, (hyperlexia and high ability). Las bases de datos consultadas fueron: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) y ScienceDirect de la editora Elsevier. Como resultados se obtuvo diez (10) producciones sobre la hiperlexia, una (01) en ERIC e nueve (09) en ScienceDirect, que atendía a los criterios de inclusión establecidas de búsqueda, cabe destacar que es un número bajo teniendo en cuenta el período de veinte (20) años, y ningún estudio fue encontrado que trataba de hiperlexia y las altas capacidades conjuntamente en este período.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze demographic data, clinical profile and outcomes of patients in emergency services according to Manchester Triage System’s priority level. Methods: a cross-sectional, analytical study, carried out with 3,624 medical records. For statistical analysis, the Chi-Square Test was used. Results: white individuals were more advanced in age. In the red and white categories, there was a higher percentage of men when compared to women (p=0.0018) and higher prevalence of personal history. Yellow priority patients had higher percentage of pain (p

RESUMO: A qualidade de vida de uma população está diretamente relacionada com a infraestrutura urbana em que a mesma está inserida, e o Munícipio de Marechal Deodoro encontrasse vulnerável nessa questão. Nesse sentido, o referido analisou a saúde pública da área urbana do município de Marechal Deodoro em Alagoas, sob o ponto de vista das condições do saneamento ambiental e a composição de um sistema de indicadores para discriminar áreas com distintos níveis sanitário-ambientais, e relacionar esses indicadores com a ocorrência de agravos à saúde nessas áreas. Como resultado observou-se diversas lacunas relacionadas a aplicação das políticas públicas que orientam sobre as questões de saneamento básico, comprometendo a qualidade de vida da população e salubridade ambiental, dificultando o alcance do desenvolvimento sustentável. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: saneamento, indicadores, sustentabilidade.

Abstract Background A previous study demonstrated pleural fluid (PF) IgA immunodominance for the fused MT10.3:MPT64 protein in pleural tuberculosis (PLTB) cases. However, no clue on the role of IgA and IgG against this and other antigens in PF and serum concerning improved diagnosis is available. Thus, the aim of the present study was to validate PF IgA-MT10.3:MPT64 and evaluate PF and serum IgA and IgG reactivity against this protein, its peptides (F2) and single MPT64, MT10.3 and the PPE59 mycobacterial specific antigens. IgA and IgG ELISA were measured against the antigen in PLTB (n = 29) and other non-TB pleurisy (n = 39) patient samples. Results The immunodominance of PF IgA-MT10.3:MPT64 was confirmed in PLTB (86.2%) followed by PPE59 (62%), while serum IgA-F2 exhibited 51.7% sensitivity. PF and serum IgG-MT10.3:MPT64 led to 65.5 and 51.7% sensitivity, respectively. However, MT10.3 and MPT64 displayed overall lower sensitivity (≤34.5) for both antibodies. All results at 95% fixed specificity. Combinatory results indicated 93.1% sensitivity for PF IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−PPE59 and IgA/IgG-MT10.3:MPT64 at 92.3% specificity, followed by IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−MPT64 or /−F2 (89.6%) without jeopardizing specificity (94.9%). The combinatory results of the PF adenosine deaminase test (ADA) and IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−F2 demonstrated the highest sensitivity (96.6%), with a specificity of 92.3%. Conclusions The PF IgA-MT10:MPT64 immune dominance was validated in PLTB, and its combinatory results with PPE59 or MPT64 or F2 antigens as well as with IgG, are reported herein for the first time, improving their potential to assist diagnosis. Combining PF-ADA and IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−F2 results achieved better accuracy. Moreover, serum IgG, although less accurate, displays potential beyond microbiological tests.

As festividades à Virgem de Andacollo são realizadas duas vezes por ano no Chile, segundo as celebrações indígenas ancestrais. A primeira, denominada “chica”, acontece no equinócio de primavera ao longo do primeiro domingo de outubro. A segunda, designada “festa grande”, ocorre no solstício de verão, no período de 23 a 27 de dezembro. Atualmente, essas festas foram assimiladas pelas celebrações católicas e atraem centenas de pessoas à pequena Andacollo, na região de Coquimbo. A praça principal é tomada pelo som de caixas, tambores e flautas, as ruas ganham cor e brilho com as vestimentas e estandartes dos devotos. As igrejas tornam-se cúpulas vivas do ir e vir de homens, mulheres e crianças que renovam a cada ano o íntimo propósito de se colocarem diante da imagem de Nossa Senhora de Andacollo.

No universo de materialidades das folias de reis, entre chapéus enfeitados de fitas, coloridas vestimentas, instrumentos musicais e bandeira sagrada, as máscaras usadas pelos palhaços ocupam lugar de expressiva beleza e ambiguidade. O presente ensaio audiovisual tenta demonstrar que há um compromisso geracional envolvendo essa figura. Reunimos imagens de mascarados de várias idades: crianças, adolescentes, jovens, homens em idade adulta e idosos. A ideia é mostrar como essa figura singular tem exercido importante papel na peretuação do ritual, uma vez que há um compromisso assegurado de geração em geração.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the first and second leading causes of death worldwide, respectively. Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated that the incidence of cancer is elevated in patients with CVD and vice versa. However, these conditions are usually regarded as separate events despite the presence of shared risk factors between both conditions, such as metabolic abnormalities and lifestyle. Cohort studies suggested that controlling for CVD risk factors may have an impact on cancer incidence. Therefore, it could be concluded that interventions that improve CVD and cancer shared risk factors may potentially be effective in preventing and treating both diseases. The ketogenic diet (KD), a low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet, has been widely prescribed in weight loss programs for metabolic abnormalities. Furthermore, recent research has investigated the effects of KD on the treatment of numerous diseases, including CVD and cancer, due to its role in promoting ketolysis, ketogenesis, and modifying many other metabolic pathways with potential favorable health effects. However, there is still great debate regarding prescribing KD in patients either with CVD or cancer. Considering the number of studies on this topic, there is a clear need to summarize potential mechanisms through which KD can improve cardiovascular health and control cell proliferation. In this review, we explained the history of KD, its types, and physiological effects and discussed how it could play a role in CVD and cancer treatment and prevention.

The present study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for post-mortem findings and causes of sow mortality. A post-mortem examination and microbiological investigation were conducted on 123 sows from a breeding herd with 15,000 dams. The mortality of spontaneous death in sows occurred mostly in the peripartum period (53%; p < 0.05). The spontaneous deaths were associated with heart failures, hemorrhagic and perforating gastric ulcers, and liver torsion, while in the euthanized sows, the post-mortem findings were associated with locomotor disorders. A higher body condition score (BCS ≥ 3.5) increased (p < 0.05) heart failure on the post-mortem examination. The excessive use of manual obstetric interventions increased sow deaths resulting from cervix/uterus ruptures and increased the odds of death (p < 0.05) due to metritis. Sow mortality had a multifactorial etiology. Infections were polymicrobial. The main microbial agents identified from a septic lesion in locomotor, genitourinary, and respiratory systems were Trueperella pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, respectively. In conclusion, sow mortality involved multiple risk factors and several bacterial agents. These results indicate that better management practices can reduce sow mortality in swine production and increase sow welfare.

Abstract Mixed medullary‐follicular‐derived carcinoma is a very rare event. It is extremely important to make the correct diagnosis, due to prognostic and treatment implications. A genetic study of these patients is advisable to exclude the presence of MEN 2.

O Geoprocessamento se apresenta de grande relevância no tocante a geotecnologias, de caráter multidisciplinar e integrante da Formação do Técnico em Meio Ambiente (MA). Torna-se necessário que corpo docente, em particular, os de Geografia, como as instituições de ensino (IE) apresentem condições de fornecer esses conhecimentos para os discentes do referido curso. Assim, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa com o intuito de investigar o uso de ferramentas de geoprocessamento nas aulas de Geografia e Geoprocessamento ofertada aos alunos do Curso Técnico em MA do IFAL-MD, sendo analisados: a formação docente, ferramentas disponíveis, Projeto Pedagógico dos Cursos (PPC): Técnico em MA e Licenciatura em Geografia de AL. Observou-se a necessidade de atualização dos PPC´s do Curso Técnico em MA e dos Cursos de Licenciatura em Geografia, investimentos em infraestrutura e busca de parcerias com centros de pesquisas por parte das IE´s, além do desenvolvimento de Produtos Educacionais como ferramentas de mediação pedagógica, buscando uma formação profissional voltada para as necessidades inerentes a incersão no mercado de profissional.